Table of contents

Proceeding of the 2021 International Conference on Chemical, Mechanical and Environmental Sciences ICCMES 2021

25th - 26th March 2021

This 2021 International Conference on Chemical, Mechanical and Environmental Sciences (ICCMES) volume contains the written versions of most of the contributions presented during the conference of ICCMES 2021. Chemical, Mechanical and Environmental Sciences aims at exploring the interface between the industry and real time environment with state-of-the-art techniques. Also, high quality research contributions describing original and unpublished results of conceptual, constructive, empirical, experimental, or theoretical work in all areas of Chemical, Mechanical and Environmental Sciences are presented in this conference.

ICCMES 2021 tends to collect the latest research results and applications on Chemical, Mechanical and Environmental Sciences. It includes a selection of 117 papers from 435 papers submitted to the conference from academic institutions, universities, and industries all over the world. Coordination with the Chief Patron Dr. K.P. Ramasamy, Chairman, KPR group of Institutions, Coimbatore, India, Patron Dr. A.M. Natarajan, Chief Executive Officer, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India and General Chair Dr. M. Akila, Principal, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India was essential for the success of this conference. We thanks to our Chief Guest and Keynote Speaker Dr. Paul G. Ranky, Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, United States for his constant support and guidance.

It was also a great pleasure to work with such an excellent organizing committee for their hard work in organizing and supporting the event. In particular, the Conveners Dr. M. G. Sumithra, Professor and Head/CFRD, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India. Co-Conveners Dr. S.Ravishankar, Associate Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India and Dr. S. Pratheep Kumar, AP(Sr.G)/Chemistry, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India. The Conference Chairs Dr. S. Ramachandran, Professor and Head/Chemical Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India, Dr. G. Anusha, Professor and Head/Civil, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India and Dr. N. Gunasekaran, Professor and Head/Mechanical, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India who have completed the peer-review process of technical papers and made a high-quality technical program.

The accepted papers were subjected to strict peer-reviewing by 2-4 expert referees. The papers have been selected for this volume because of quality and the relevance to the topics. ICCMES 2021 would like to express our sincere appreciation to all authors for their contributions to this work.

We would like to extend our thanks to all the referees for their constructive comments on all papers, especially, we would like to thank the organizing committee for their hard working. Finally, we would like to thank the IOP publications for producing this volume.

Editors

Dr. Arulmurugan Ramu, Presidency University, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Dr. M. G. Sumithra, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, India.

Dr. Chow Chee Onn, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

ICCMES 2021-Program Committee Members this titles are available in this pdf.

2021 International Conference on Chemical, Mechanical and Environmental Sciences ICCMES 2021

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Double blind

The ICCMES 2021 has a double-blind peer-review process. The submitted paper for the conference is reviewed by minimum three reviewers with expertise in the relevant subject area. Based on the reviewers' comments, papers are accepted, rejected, or accepted with revision. The authors had the opportunity to make changes in the article after the Editor's decision. Plagiarism checking Committee initially checks the plagiarism in the submitted paper by ithenticate plagiarism checking tool.

• Conference submission management system: Easy chair submission system and Email

• Number of submissions received: 435

• Number of submissions sent for review: 428

• Number of submissions accepted: 117

• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 26.89

• Average number of reviews per paper: 3

• Total number of reviewers involved: 64

• Any additional info on review process:

∘ All submitted manuscripts received by the publication chair have been checked by an internal technical committee member to determine whether they are properly prepared and whether they follow the plagiarism and ethical policies of the ICCMES 2021 and IoP publication procedures. Manuscripts that do not fit the Conference policy or do not meet the publication standards have been rejected before peer-review.

∘ Manuscripts that are not properly prepared have been returned to the authors for revision and resubmission. After these checks, the publication chair has consulted the Conference chair to determine whether the manuscript fits the scope of the conference and whether it is scientifically sound. Reject decisions at this stage have been verified by the Conference chair.

∘ Once a manuscript passes the initial checks, it has been assigned to at least three independent experts for peer-review. A double-blind review is applied, where authors' identities are unknown to reviewers. Peer review comments are confidential and have only been disclosed with the express agreement of the reviewer.

∘ Authors are given the option for all review comments and editorial decisions to be updated alongside their manuscript and after a paper has been accepted for publication.

∘ Accept after Minor Revisions: The paper is conditionally accepted after revision based on the reviewer's comments. Authors are given seven days for minor revisions.

∘ Reconsider after Major Revisions: The acceptance of the manuscript would depend on the revisions. The author needs to provide a proper response to the reviewer's comments. Authors have been asked to resubmit the revised paper within two weeks' time frame, and the revised version has been returned to the reviewer for further comments.

∘ Reject: The article has serious flaws, and/or makes no original significant contribution. A rejected decision at this stage is final and cannot be reversed.

∘ Authors may appeal a rejection by sending an e-mail to the ICCMES 2021 conference chair. The appeal must provide a detailed justification, including point-by-point responses to the reviewers' and/or Editor's comments.

∘ Once accepted, the manuscript has undergone IoP paper format editing, proofreading by the authors with final corrections.

• Contact person for queries: Dr. Arulmurugan Ramu (arulmurugan@presidencyuniversity.in)

This report represents a detailed works on utilization of refined Saccharum officinarum bagasse ash (SOBA) as partially mixed with the cement content for the preparation of normal concrete. This experiment reveals SOBA result on cement replacement material (CRM). The CRM properties of SOBA were used because of its chemical properties, fine grained and availability. Usages of bagasse ash act as a good additive under continuous production of SOBA. Around 1700 Mt of Saccharum officinarum is produced, which gives roughly 30 – 35% bagasse in sugar companies. This experimental works enhances the content of SOBA was utilized from 10%-30% in cement partially. The concrete properties such as workability, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete using SOBA is done. This shows, replacement of SOBA (6 – 60% content) inhibit the value of fresh concrete in slump test. The compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of 6% SOBA shows a good increase in their comparison with 100% cement concrete mixture.

The creation of municipal solid waste produces serious ecological and community health problem throughout the world, particularly in emerging countries. Undeveloped scrapyards are the eldest and most communal method of solid waste disposal. If this is not properly managed, the migration of leachate from dump yards or landfills and the discharge of pollutants creates subsurface water pollution. Among different pollution measures, biofilm accumulation is the major choice. These studies indicate that biological barriers may be a promising technology to suppress pollutant plumes in the field. The present research focused on, the theory of biofilm aggregation in sand columns has been further to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of synthetic leachate and changes in organic pollutant concentration. Two different column research combinations were completed by using synthetic leachate as substrate solution. One column is used as a blank, and the other column is corrected with a mixed microbial culture separated from the leachate. The layered experimental mode using two different sizes of sand (0.3 mm and 0.6 mm) is used for column packing. The tower continuously supplies synthetic leachate for 50 days. Compared with the layered sand column, the hydraulic conductivity of the layered sand microbial column has the largest decrease, which is 88.42%. The analysis of organic pollutants in wastewater leachate also clearly shows that, compared with natural and synthetic liners used to control the migration of leachate in the underground environment, layered sand modified with microorganisms has appropriate remedial measures.

Tanning industries are emerging as economic contributor for developing countries with fifth position and largest among processing work in India. Due to the large production (144 million tons per year) and wastage (1.3 million tons per year) of leather products, it is mandatory to utilize the wastes generated in a proper way. In this work it is considered to use the tannery sludge as admixture and as replacement material of coarse aggregate to reasonable increase in composition for potential application in modern construction industry.

There is a need to conserve the natural resources and prevention of environment for the future generation. The major problem arising in now a day is disposal of wastes from industries. In our project we have made an attempt to use the wastes generated in the construction field. By use of waste materials, the cost of construction could be reduced to a reasonable manner. We have made use of tiles as replacement material for coarse aggregate and crusher dust is used as alternative for sand. In this study we have partially replaced the fine aggregate by crusher dust at the percentage of 6 %, 12%, 18 %, 24% and have founded the optimum percentage of replacement and we have proceeded it by having a constant percentage alternative of sand with partial alternative of gravel by waste tiles at the percentage of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20 for M20 concrete. A total number of 96 specimens were cast compression, tensile and flexural strength were founded. There by we conclude that the waste tiles and crusher dust could be used as alternative materials for sand and gravel in concrete. And we have found that the partial replacement of sand and gravel by 24% and 15% by crusher dust and waste tiles is optimum.

At present the demand of coarse mixture is accumulated day by day within the world. Eighty-five to ninetieth of electronic waste is disposed on landfills might drop in setting and affects human health conditions. For the recovery of terribly serious issue within the world to beat this speedy rising drawback is being questioned. The E plastic waste is growing day by day in the IT Industries because it could be a important resource. The service of Electronic waste plastic could be a solution to ecological and biological issues. Because the use of Electronic waste plastic in concrete will reduce the waste and provides a decent strength for the structures and roads. it'll reduces the lowland value for energy saving. A close experimental study had been administered to study the mechanical properties of typical concrete, by casting the specimen with various percentage of E-waste like 0%, 10%, 15%, 20% and different strength characteristics are conducted in lab.

India is the country that largely depends on railway networks. The material used for casting of railway sleepers should be of good quality, economical, eco-friendly and strong. Concrete and steel are most commonly used material. Concrete sleepers are very heavy and crack easily and steel also having corrosion problem, so we need the correct alternative sleeper for long duration. The plastic has a good quality, durability and life span against decomposition and make it most eco-friendly these days. Plastic sleepers have excellent damping characteristics combined with the relatively low weight and recycling of plastic wastes reduces the global environmental problem. The recycled plastic railway sleepers employed at the railway networks in abroad Railway sleepers made up of waste plastic are often the simplest choice for the revolution in railways. It is made by using plastic from waste polycarbonate and polyethylene and then glass fiber is added in the sleeper as a reinforcement. It is often the simplest alternative over concrete and steel sleepers. The test results of Flexural strength show the plastic railway sleeper is a bit on a longer scale compared to the concrete sleeper. Therefore, the plastic sleepers are excellent alternative for concrete and steel sleepers in railways.

These days, the utilization of Earth Bricks is as yet not well known in spite of its tremendous preferences, particularly from the ecological and supportability perspectives. The significant expense of materials and experienced work has kept quit numerous individuals from working with proper and safe development strategies. Building up a reasonable, safe, and maintainable structure framework has become a basic undertaking for structural architects and specialists around the world. The structure business has burned-through a huge measure of normal assets and furthermore been liable for a critical energy use. Earth blocks have the most reduced exemplified energy of any structure material and make structures that are unrivaled in energy proficiency. Later on, where the savvy, long haul energy preservation and convenience material are the destinations, Earth block is the ideal decision for energy proficiency and strength. The primary goal of this investigation is to examine the impacts of utilizing Metakaolin with geopolymer binder to settle the earth block. The geopolymer binder will be a combination of metakaolin and soluble arrangement. Earth Bricks will be balanced out with 5, 10, 15 and 20% of geopolymer binder and it will be contrasted and Earth Blocks containing 5% of portland cement.

The Initiatives are emerging universally to regulate, standardize and improve the quality of by products, remnant and scrap in direction to prevent our atmosphere from pollution. The quality standard clarification for reprocessing the agriculture residue formed after processing the commercial need, the residuals are burned in measured atmosphere. The ashes are further used for additional means. While bagasse are burned in co-generation setup below the measured terms, the sensitive amorphous silica are made because of burning progression.

Ordinary Portland cement manufacturing can be affected to over 5 per cent of global CO₂ emissions a demand for cement continues to rise. The architecture sector led planners and architects to look for alternate cemented materials for potential use in concrete buildings. Such natural admixtures like metakaolin and kenaf fibres can be used to alter pozzolanic behaviour and mechanical properties in concrete. The chemicals used by the SCM in construction to replace cement such as metakaolin not only minimize carbon dioxide emissions, but also greatly increase workability and longevity. The metakaolin is replaced with cement in 5%,10%,15% and 20% by its weight. The Kenaf fibre is added in concrete about 0.5% and 1% by the volume fraction of cement.

Bioremediation is the process using living organisms to clean up contaminated soil. The main advantage of bio remediation is that it allows soil to be treated without being excavated or transported. The rate at which microorganism degrade contaminants is influenced by specific contaminants and their concentration, oxygen supply, moisture, temperature, pH value, nutrients supply and bio augmentation. Treatability studies are conducted to determine the effectiveness of treatment process performance. In this project work, the work is carried out in three phases. In the first phase, the landfill sites in and around Chennai are visited to collect samples. The site characterization and soil analysis are done for five landfill sites. In the second phase, the soil samples collected are subjected to nutrient bio remediation. The effect of pH, temperature and biomass concentration is studied over a period of 30 days. The optimum condition for a good remediation of contaminated soil is achieved.

The aim of the research work is to find out factors affecting the road improvements for the roads adjacent to the bus terminus. Transport is the basic utility which serves for the people in the aspects of daily demand. The traffic existing around the core area of the city is usually high when compared with roads connecting city with highways. Bus transportation is the basic need for public transportation of a city. The demand of bus transportation increases day by day due to more usage of peoples migrates from various locations to the city area. The infrastructure development in bus terminus is still a big question mark whether the terminus improvement exists as per the increase in traffic capacity or not. The reason behind the analysis is that the improper arrangement of existing road furniture's without any possibility for future expansion as per increase in demand. The solution for the traffic problem occurs around the bus terminuses was identified and the standards for the terminal elements were made. This helps the pedestrians and vehicles to make a smooth flow of traffic around the terminal area.

Portland cement is widely used as the construction material globally because of its phenomenal durability. But concrete gets deteriorated due to material limitations, construction methods, design and severe exposure conditions. This deterioration may lead to aesthetic functional or structural issues. There are varied reasons for the deterioration of concrete and its damage is very often the result of combination of factors. Structural and non-structural reasons cause concrete to fail and hence the deterioration of building take place. There are several methods to get it refurbished we combine the results with laminates and without laminates in this paper. For this purpose, concrete prisms were casted which are strengthened outwardly with the aid of FRP laminates using epoxy resin and hardener. The consequence of this on ultimate load carrying capacity, flexural and compressive strength is tested and the laminated concrete gives more strengthen damaged concrete as a result. It can be successfully used to repair and retrofit concrete structures.

Cold-formed steel (CFS) sections have gained popularity in the recent years primarily because of their high strength-to-weight ratio and faster constructions. They are manufactured by forming plane sheets made of steel in ambient temperature and the same used in different shapes as per the requirement criteria. This present study assesses the axial capacity of CFST columns against current design standards. The column strength predicted by using the Effective width Method (EVM) as per AISI S100-16, 2016 and IS 801-1975.

The dyeing industry is widely recognized as the main source of water contamination. These industries dispose of wastewater in the water bodies along with the solid waste. The physicochemical characteristic of an aquatic body gets affected and estimation of these parameters provides information on water quality and pollution status. Physicochemical parameters like pH, turbidity, chlorides, hardness, total solids, dissolved solids, BOD, COD and sulphates of the surface water samples obtained at different locations near to the Chinnandipalayam Lake, Tirupur were studied to find the influence of the dyeing waste. The water samples collected were treated using natural coagulant and the removal efficiency was studied. The initial pH, Turbidity, COD of the most contaminated sample are 7.95. 21.1 NTU, 666 mg/l respectively. Natural coagulants T.foenum-graecum (Fenugreek), Cicer arietinum (Chickpea), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Moringa Oleifera (Drumstick) and Dolichos lablab (Beans) and also chemical coagulant alum were used in this study and the efficiency of reduction of turbidity using these natural coagulants are 79.6%, 80.1%, 76.8%, 80.6% and 73.0% respectively and of using alum is 95.3%. When using natural coagulant at varying levels, total solids in the sample decreased considerably. At the same time pH and conductivity are not greatly. Moringa Oleifera's output is greater than that of other four; this depends on the protein content in the natural coagulant. but chemical coagulant has treatment efficiency of 95.3%. Even though alum has more efficiency, natural coagulant is eco-friendly and do not affect the environment after disposing the sludge and also the lake water is being used for the agricultural purpose 80% treatment efficiency can be adopted.

Concrete column fails by crushing or bucking due to axial load in order to resist failure of confinement, concrete filled steel tubular column (CFST) and carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) wrapping are used. CFST member has its consecutive progression in the construction industries due to its high load carrying capacity upgraded ductile performance, need for form work is minimized and has greater confinement effect. CFRP wrapping provides resistance towards corrosion, light weight exceptional durability, increases strength over confinement. In this work, an experimental investigation between stunt and slender concrete filled steel tubular column is compared with conventional pcc strut and slender column externally wrapped by single and double layer of CFRP. Total of 8 specimen were tested under axial compression. The parameter varied is height (750mm, 1050mm). The diameter of the column is 75mm. M30 grade concrete is cast. End support condition is hinged. For short column slenderness ratio is 40, L/D is assumed to be 10 and for slender column slenderness ratio is 60 and L/D is assumed to be 14. From this study, the influence of slenderness ratio over an effect of confinement is observed. Maximum axial compressive strength of the column is recorded and it is compared with eurocode4, AS/ACI code, IS516:1959 code. The behaviour of column both experimental and analytical results is observed.

Nano particles are minute materials ranging sizes from 1 to 100 nm. The different classes of nano particle are classified based on their sizes, shapes and properties. The fame of Nanomaterials (NMs) in methodological advancements due to their biological, chemical and physical properties are developing based on their performance. The superiority of using the different types of nanoparticles in the construction field are immense, resulting in extraordinary performance in chemical and physical properties of the modified construction material. Commonly used nanoparticles in the construction sector are copper, carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, silica, aluminium oxide and clay. The development of nanoparticles is observed in construction reflecting in adoptive industries, demand and production. The main objective is to analyse and study the history, types, applications and uses in construction.

In current duration growing atmospheric high temperature and discharge of pollutants leads to environmental destruction became major issues in previous couple of decades. This study deals with the partial replacement of fine aggregate with steel slag in concrete filled steel tubular column to check the axial behaviour of column. Review from previous research found that fine aggregate replaced in concrete will reduce the effect of global warming and other environmental hazards.

Organic waste is one of the major wastes producing substances in the world. Recycling is done on plastics and other materials due to its high cost. The major constituents of concrete are cement and posses' certain properties that cannot be replaced by any material. Usage of cement leads to environmental pollution, greenhouse effect. Replacement of cement with organic waste will reduce the cost, time and also reduces pollution. This paper focuses on replacement of cement partially with organic waste ash in 5%, 10% and 15% by weight on mechanical properties of concrete. The XRF test is used and the result shows organic waste ash is not a pozzolanic substance. The optimum performance is obtained at 5% replacement of cement by weight.

Human population generates enormous amount of solid and liquid waste directly and produces industrial effluent indirectly. Due to usage of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in the agriculture fields, man inflicts deep wounds on environment. Pollution is defined as undesirable changes occur in water, land and air. Waste generation has been observed to increase annually in proportion to the rise in population and urbanization. As more land is needed for the ultimate disposal of these solid wastes, issues related to disposal have become highly challenging.

In our modern life style environment, the usage of plastic materials is increased day by day. Production of plastics globally would result in generating plastic-based waste. In recent times, many researches have been carried out to utilize the waste plastic waste materials in the concrete mix to make eco-friendly. The present study investigates the properties of concrete when replacing natural coarse aggregates (NCA) by bio non-degradable plastic aggregate up to 30%. Furthermore, fine plastic powder has been used in fine aggregate (FA) as partial replacement. Mechanical properties such as compression test, tensile strength test and flexural strength test have been carried out and the experimental results are discussed in detail. When the plastic aggregate percentage replacement increases, strength has been decreased because of poor bonding observed between the plastic aggregate and concrete reduces the strength properties.

This project is based upon the different process determined for the recognition of lung tuberculosis using different modalities like filtering, lung boundaries detection, extraction of tuberculosis and performance evaluation measures. We all basically know about lung tuberculosis, which is caused by a bacterial infection that causes the majority of death rate around the world. It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M tuberculosis). This project tries to detect the tuberculosis in minimum investment. In this project first we get the X-ray images of infected person. After that the X-ray images are given as the input then the preprocessing is applied in that we use filter which removes the unnecessary noise and also helps to acquire clear images. Then the output which is obtained from the preprocessing is given as the as the input for lung boundary detection after detecting the boundaries the output we detect is fused to get Lung Boundary Detection. In this LBD the features such as area, major and minor axis etc...are detected. Under the various process we detect the TB that is present in X-ray or not.

Microwave heating technique has been used to cook and process food materials due to faster heating. In this work, the effect of susceptors (secondary materials) while microwave heating of two different food materials is theoretically examined. The heating of food materials and susceptors due to the microwave power absorption has been simulated for two different food materials (beef and bread) enclosed in susceptors. Alumina and SiC are the two different susceptors considered for the study. The alumina susceptor is found to elevate the heating rate of materials with high dielectric properties (beef). While, SiC susceptor suppresses the heating rate both the materials with high and low dielectric properties (beef and bread). However, uniformity in heating of materials with low dielectric properties is increased by using SiC susceptor. The effect of susceptor thickness on average power absorption has been analyzed and maximum amount of average power is absorbed for specific sample dimensions (lies in resonating regime).

Natural fibers were given a lot of respect over synthetic ones in terms of sustainability. Application of natural fibers is superior to synthetics because they can be achieved cheaply and they have an environmental advantage. The usage time is usually shorter, often being fully or partially recyclable or biodegradable. There are wide varieties of natural fibers which can be reinforced to form composites and used for various applications. Combinatorial, or silicate, substances that can be made of a broad range of properties which is not derived a single resource. The reinforcement of fibers within the matrix becomes easy, only when the fibers are extracted from the plants, hence the extraction process is necessary in fiber reinforcement. There are various methods of fiber extraction, which include mechanical decortications, water retting process and manual extraction method. The extraction of fibers involves the retting process which is followed by the decortication process. From the above various methods, a suitable extraction method is selected based on the parts of the plant from which the fiber is to be extracted. Choice of extraction method governs the characteristics and properties of composites fabricated out of it. This review paper discusses the various methods of extraction and the feasibility of its application for various plants and fibers.

Recycled aggregates have an essential role in constructing construction activities today to save natural aggregates because of industrial development. The research aims to assess the suitability of recycled aggregates for the construction of new roads, which will help achieve road construction efficiency and help prevent environmental deterioration in the extraction and reducing pollution. In contrast with natural aggregates, recycled aggregates are of lower quality, mainly due to the cement mortar's brittle nature attached to them. The point of the study is to increase the performance of RCAs in an environmentally friendly managing RCAs. In this process, RCAs are first soaked in acetic acid solution, in which acetic acid reacts with cement attached to the surface of the RCA. This reaction weakens the attached mortar and allows separating from the RCAs by using mechanical friction later. Treated RCAs have lower water absorption and more insufficient cement mortar adhesion. These RCAs used as aggregates in new the concrete increased the compressive strength, the tensile strength, and the concrete's flexural strength by 26%, 11%, and 26% at 28 days, respectively. It is clean, safe, efficient, and a new method to be applied, so no harmful products are used, and no dangerous substances are incorporated into the RCAs that are being treated. The waste treatment solution was used as a supplementary admixture construction, increasing the concrete's strength, and decreasing its environmental effects.

Coating of core box is normally done to enhance the surface finish of the cast component. Thermal resistance among the molten metal and mould is balance by means of mould. It is used to decrease the temperature effect through the sand. Increase in temperature effect results the following failures like, formation of pattern lines; penetrate to metal, outer layer formation, corrosion which creates failure to the surface. Major contribution of core box coating is to minimize or eliminate the above-mentioned issues. In order to enhance the coating technology first we need to go through the various types of core, core box and existing coating technology. In this review, the above-mentioned topics are discussed with enough samples for easy understanding.

The energy need is the only demand which wouldn't have seen negative trend since the origin of this universe. Its requirement keeps demanding the usage of energy, during this urge people around globe working with many energy production techniques. Amongst most of them act as a resource including fossil fuel, coal and others are polluting vicinity to larger extend. The other alternative is renewable energy resources (RERs) which quite natural gift to the mankind owing to its vicinity aiding resource. The energy harvesting by utilising these RERs also have limitation that, can't provide huge in quantity due to many reasons including seasonal, inadequate equipment, larger storage so on and so forth. The focus herein is that, by considering its limitations to which extend it can be utilised. It is obvious that production industries require enormous quantity of power, therein it may not be utilised as such. So, the house as well as small industries whose power requirement is minimum thereby this RERs can be effectively utilised. That is considered as a primary factor for consolidating of this survey in the form of various test cases.

In this world, effluents released from the refinery affect the environment at major as different studies says that the natural agents have high capacity to absorb bivalent metal ions. Cocoa pod husk is widely produced in south India in minimum cost. During this study, the metal such as lead and copper was investigated. The cocoa pod husk is carbonized at five hundred degree Celsius and saturated with one molar hydrochloric acid at seven hundred degree Celsius in muffle furnace for two hours (atomic number-6). The final product is allowed to test by adsorbing the metals such as lead and copper to make different pH, dosage and contact time. The capacity to adsorb and metal removal percentage were documented when the contact time reaching two hours. The efficiency of the adsorbent to remove the heavy metal lead and copper was 78 % and 97% respectively.

Sustainable energy resources are becoming a growing and rapidly expanding source of energy. Research into clean and renewable energy resources, such as solar and wind energy, is a key topic in the production of alternative energy. The problem being addressed is the design, optimization, construction, and testing of a different angle of winglet configuration. The Blade Element Momentum (BEM) method can be used to compute the output of a propeller blade. The BEM method formulas and procedures are presented and their implementation is also illustrated using a NACA5514 airfoil shape. From this analysis, a reasonably good agreement in terms of power coefficients of airfoil can be found from the results of the computation.

Frictional heating system and permanent distortion under melting heat is a technique behind Friction stir welding (FSW) of the materials. Compared to arc welding, Friction stir welding has higher strength, good fatigue life, and lower distortion, less residual stress, low corrosion and non-defect. The main aim of the investigation is to examine the influence of mechanical characteristics of dissimilar aluminium alloys (AA2024 & AA6063aluminium alloy) in joining parameters. Properties like hardness and tensile testing helps us to investigate the mechanical performance of the dissimilar aluminium alloys welded through different welding speed, tool rotation speed and the applied axial load.

The objective of our paper is to design and model a mobile application-controlled automobile screw jack using android programming as an Internet of Things platform. Today's importance on technology expansion has projected a good design and quality product in a lesser time to ease the complicated process of human being. The development of software has become a vital in the digital world to satisfy a number of demands of the user or applications. In order to accomplish the demand of current era, the article has been modelled a design for a mobile enabled hydraulic screw jack system. The description of evolving design and signification of its industrial implication has been shown here. Screw jack used for automobiles is emerging as necessary technology expansion in the industry of automobiles to produce application that allows lifting heavy load on applying less effort. The primary importance of the design of automobile screw jack is to reduce human involvement and their contribution to lift a load. Further there is a significance increases in the efficiency of screw jack model and its designs as ergonomically, (i.e.) neglecting of the complex operating as well as positioning of the screw jack by the operators. On usage of hydraulic system and pneumatic system, the system reduces involvement to lift load on basis of the computation calculation. But in this case also complexity in the posture and position of worker during the operation remains the same here. Hence, we have to design a jack for car which is motorised for easiness of use. But somehow in any case of failure in this electronic system, then the jack will be not able to work further manually. In this work, the entire setup is administrated by mobile application which is constructed as MIT app maker and the important functionality of this project is controlled using Arduino Uno which controls all the motors by obtaining signals from the app with help of a wifi module (ESP8266), Arduino builds the code which is encoded into it by Arduino encoder. Entire assembly is propagated by 60 RPM DC motors. Importance of this model is to make system as effortless and fast response in weight lifting, further it reduces the physical fatigue felt by the weight lift operating employee. Experimental results prove that proposed model outperforms the existing Bluetooth based model on terms of the efficiency and accuracy.

Textile effluents are the one most calumnious threat to the environment, which have a lot of chronic effect towards the human beings. Colour is the main experimental variable to recognize the water has contaminated. Out of many techniques, Adsorption is attaining a specific place of importance due to its scope choosing naturally available materials. Activated Carbon from Tunic of Allium cepa (ACTAC) had been chosen as an Adsorbent, as it is abundantly available. ACTAC was used for optimization studies for the removal of selected dyes from the Textile effluents. The selected dyes are safranine, Indigoid, Alizarin Red S and Crystal violet belongs to the Azo and Anthraquinone family dyes respectively. These dyes are selected as they are not degradable easily and are very toxic in nature. The optimum percentage removal of selected dyes from the textile effluent was reported as 80, 70.95, 45 and 74 respectively.

Moringa oleifera Lam. is a leafy plant that contains many nutrients and bioactive compounds such as chlorophyll, polyphenol with antioxidant activity. The microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method is a method that has the advantages of short extraction time, saving organic solvents and safe use. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence conditions of the microwave-assisted extraction on the chlorophyll, polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of moringa leaves. The highest contents of these compounds in Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves were obtained as follows chlorophyll content 12.72 ± 0.17 μg/mL, polyphenol content 5.4 ± 0.09 g/L and antioxidant activity 2895.40 ± 67.38 μmol/L when extracted under conditions of solvent acetone 90°, solid to solvent ratio of 1:30, microwave power of 600W, microwave-assisted extraction time of 2 minutes.

The evacuated tube type solar collector is used predominantly for water heating application in both residential and industrial scales. They found superior in thermal efficiency compared to other kind of solar collectors. All-glass evacuated solar collector is the simplest form of evacuated collector which found its major applications as passive flow solar water heaters for residential and industrial purposes. However, they have been affected with an inherent issue which is due to the inactive region formed at the bottom of the tubes. This paper addresses this issue with the help of twisted tubes, made-up of aluminum. The experimental results proved that the existence of twisted tapes accelerated the heat transfer within the inactive region and helped to maintain the uniform temperature inside the tube. The results proved that the water temperature at the inactive region was augmented up to 73°C with the help of twisted tapes, which was 31°C more than tubes without twisted tapes. Also, the twisted tapes enhanced the average temperature of tube water by the maximum of 10°C.

Exposure to very high levels of radiation, can cause acute health effects such as skin burns and acute radiation syndrome ("radiation sickness"). It can also result in long-term health effects such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. The Intensity of the radiation which a body receives is inversely proportional to the Thickness or density of the shielding material. Concrete is already an effective Shielding material but if its density is increased, it can be even more effective. Thus, producing high density concrete provides good resistant towards radiation. High density concrete is widely used in nuclear Powerplants and reactors to provide shielding against harmful radiations Emitting from the process of nuclear fission. It can be widely used in hospitals Where radioactive materials are used for medicinal purposes such as radiation Therapy, x ray imaging etc.

Thermo-physical property measurement is a significant methodology as these properties are the input for designing thermal systems. Properties of materials like thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat capacity has to be estimated in prior to estimate the thermal performance of any material. In the present work, numerical simulations were performed to estimate the thermo-physical properties of a polymer based composite material using porous medium modelling. The weight fraction of the composites and fibres are incorporated into the simulations through porosity. The transient heat diffusion equation are solved using ANSYS Fluent for a polymer based composite material using semi-infinite transient conduction approach. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are estimated simultaneously for various volume fractions of polyester and banana fibre. The temporal temperature distribution data predicted from ANSYS Fluent is curve fitted using MATLAB and the obtained values of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are compared with the previously reported experimental results and are found to be within a deviation of 7 % for all cases.

Waste Management is a challenging task in most developing countries. In India, researches are made to minimize waste generation and also also to reuse or recycle waste in all possible ways. (1) Rubber waste is produced equal to plastic waste in India and contributes 10-12% in total waste generation. Industries manufacturing tyres generate more rubber waste followed by the disposal yards dealing with rubber scarp. (2) Among the building materials concrete has a long life span and therefore Crumb Rubber Concrete(CRC) is proven research for rubber waste management for its flexural property. This paper explains the experimental study made for the construction of a masonry wall using crumb rubber concrete with the replacement of fine aggregate with crumb rubber.(3) The results show that Crumb Rubber Concrete would be the best choice for the construction of non-load bearing structures with 20% replacement of Fine aggregate with crumb rubber.

World Health Organisation reports Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and lung cancer has the second in top ten reasons of death worldwide accounting to 4.7 million deaths in 2016 next to Ischaemic heart disease and stroke. COPD and Lung cancer is a chronic disease which arises while (i) Inhaling a small amount of irritants over a long period of time (ii) Inhaling a large amount of irritants over a short period of time. Therefore Polluted air or contaminated air is the main reason behind the cause of COPD. Air Quality is classified into Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) and Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). IAQ has more influence on people than AAQ since 90% of time person spends indoor such as in home, office, industrial buildings worksite, etc,. Therefore proper maintaining proper indoor quality within the confined building can save people from diseases like COPD. Indoor Air Quality get poorer due to reasons like smoking, incomplete combustion of solid fuel, improper ventilation, etc,. In India there is no proper standards for Indoor Air Quality Assessment like Ambient Air Quality Assessment. Also the characteristic influencing Indoor Air Quality slightly differs from characteristics of Ambient Air Quality. According to ASHREA standard Indoor Air Quality is characterized with the parameters such as radon, aerosol and bioaerosol, VOC, etc,. Poor Indoor Air Quality can cause Sick Building Syndrome and Building related Illness too. It also influences the human comfort to people inside the building. Indian Buildings both residential and Commercial are constructed without proper ventilation leading to human discomfort and unnoticedindoorairpollutantscancauseserioushealthconcerns.

Friction and wear are the main reason for energy losses in the mechanical systems. AISI 4140 is commonly use as gear material and other important applications. In this study experiments were conducted to predict the effect of the sliding speed and load on the frictional and wear behavior of AISI 4140 steel under the HP ZFL 80W-90 using a pin on disc tribometer. The tests were carried out under different loads (40,60,80) N and (0.5,1,1.5) m/s sliding speeds for constant distance of 500m. The tribological characteristic of the material was observed at different sliding speed. Based on the results, the wear mechanism of the AISI 4140 under HP ZFL 80W-90 lubricant was predicted. Results depicted that at low sliding speed the COF coefficient of friction decreases with increase in load. At moderate sliding speed also same trend was observed, whereas at higher sliding speed the COF increases with the increase of load.

In recent times, sustainability in daily routine aspects is gaining momentum, which increases use of earthen material as a building material and it plays a vital role in the construction of any buildings, when it is enhanced with the fibres(PET, polythene, polypropylene etc.). This study presents the comprehensive review of earthen blocks reinforced with the synthetic fibres like (polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene, glass fibres, steel fibres, nylon fibres, polyvinyl alcohol) and discussed about the physical and mechanical properties of the earthen blocks reinforced with these fibres. The literature search was performed with the google scholar and web of science search engines. Polypropylene fibre, PET fibres, Polyethylene fibres have good strength when it is reinforced with earthen blocks. The soil and the fibres are stabilized with cement and chemicals respectively to makeearthen blocks. The treatment of fibre before adding as a reinforcing agent and some tests are missing in many studies. Future studies can be conducted on the effect of fibre treatment and the performance of the synthetic fibre reinforced earthen block.

The Boeing 747-400 aircraft incorporates a tricycle four-wheeled and two-axled landing gear. Being a jumbo-jet, the landing gear of Boeing 747-400 deals with tremendous loads during an approach, therefore, it becomes extremely important to identify critical sections and estimate the maximum stresses the gear can take, corresponding to various glideslopes. This paper deals with the determination of critical section and stresses developed in a landing gear during an approach. Three glideslopes of 3, 5 and 10 degrees were used to find critical section in a landing gear.

Queuing theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues. A queuing model is constructed so that queue lengths and waiting time can be predicted. A basic queuing system consists of an arrival process (how customers arrive at the queue, how many customers are present in total), the queue itself, and the service process for attending to those customers, and departures from the system. This paper investigates the Automated Teller Machine (ATM) service optimization in the banking industry using queuing modelling approach. Data were collected over a week and calculations are done on an average. Measurements were taken about arrival time and service time of customers who arrived at the bank within the period of investigation. In ATM, bank customers arrive randomly and the service time is also random. We use Little's theorem and M/M/1 queuing model to derive the arrival rate, service rate, utilization rate, waiting time in the queue.

Numerical simulation of hybrid nanoliquid over a power law velocity stretching sheet with darcy forchhimer model is presented in this article. Similarity variable approach is applied to convert governing partial differential equations into ordinary differential equation then solved by shooting method. Impact of distinct flow parameters on momentum, energy and concentration profile is shown in graphs and heat transfer rate for two different hybrid nanofluid models(Ag Fe3O4/H2O and Ag MOS2/H2O) computed tabulated. Heat transfer rate is more in silver-iron oxide combination as compared to silver-molybdenum disulfide.

This paper addresses the problem of detecting partially occluded objects from 2D images. The detection of partially occluded objects is performed and compared using feature-based training and color-based object segmentation. The occluded objects are very difficult to be detected based only on their features since, all the essential features may not be visible to the learned model due to occlusion. Haar cascade classifier has been utilised for feature-based training and the k-means clustering is utilized for color-based tracking. Various input images are provided Haar classifier as well as the K-means clustering to detect the objects in the 2D images and the subsequent results are compared and analysed. For segmenting the 2D objects using k-means clustering, the average recall and average precision varies from 0.70 to 0.98. The variation is based upon the veracity of the occluded objects. The average precision rate for detecting the occluded 2D objects through the developed method is between 0.24 and 0.60. And it is noted that the average recall for the respective detection lies between 0.25 and 0.70.

The main purpose of this project was to design and fabricate a system that can be used for road quality analysis. It incorporates a linear potentiometer sensor to sense the displacement of the wheel, a data logger module to collect and store the sensor data, and a mechanical mount to hold the sensor rigidly in the desired position. The sensor data stored in the datalogger is then filtered and smoothened using Butterworth filter to get clean data. This data is further plotted on a displacement v/s distance graph. Standard color codes are decided and are assigned to each condition based on their ratios. Color codes, therefore, helps in the quick graphical interpretation of the data. The solid model of the mounts is done on solid modelling software and the data interpretation part is done using MATLAB. The proposed system can be mounted on various vehicles and can be further improved by analysing the live data and representing them on the navigation systems.

Nowadays, waste materials are becoming issue to the environmental pollution, which is a danger to the climate and the general public. It is imperative to reuse these materials and clear them in an appropriate manner. Waste can be utilized in the infrastructure development by two different ways: reusing and by recycling. The old-style methods for creating materials for construction are from available natural resources. If we continue the same there will be no more resources left, to avoid such cases we are practicing to recycle and reuse the solid waste in an effective manner. Owing to the development of industrial and urban management systems, a greater number of solid wastes are generated which is currently disposing them into the land and this causes various problems to the society and environment. To protect the environment from the threats, lot of efforts are being developed for recycling of variety of solid wastes in order to employ them in the creation of various building materials. In this paper, we have discussed about the recycling potentials of solid waste and possible utilization of waste materials in the construction industry.

Li ion batteries have gained popularity in electric vehicle application in past few years because of its high energy density and long-life cycle. The high energy density Li ion batteries are also generating a large amount of heat which needs to be dissipated for the stability, longevity of the battery and safety of vehicle. Thus, a battery thermal management system (BTMS) is very much essential for the battery system. The objective of BTMS is to maintain the cell temperature and thus improve life cycle of battery system. It has been reported that the battery pack has better thermal stability and lifetime when operated at a temperature range of 15 to 35 °C and maximum cell temperature difference of 5 °C. Among battery cooling techniques, passive approaches are considered as less complex and less expensive. In this context, a review on passive cooling methods for BTMS has been discussed in this paper. Subsequently, a summary of characteristic parameter for an efficient passive BTMS has been provided.

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a worldwide wellbeing emergency so the powerful assurance strategies are wearing a face cover in open territories as per the World Health Organization (WHO). The COVID-19 pandemic constrained governments across the world to force lockdowns to forestall infection transmissions. Reports show that wearing face covers while at work unmistakably decreases the danger of transmission. An effective and financial methodology of utilizing AI to establish a protected climate in an assembling arrangement. A half and half model utilizing profound and old style AI for face cover location will be introduced. A face veil location dataset comprises of with cover and without cover pictures. We will construct a continuous framework to recognize whether the individual on the webcam is wearing a veil or not. After the breakout of the overall pandemic COVID-19, there emerges an extreme need of assurance components, face veil being the essential one. The essential point of the venture is to distinguish the presence of a face veil on human appearances on live web based video just as on pictures. We have utilized profound figuring out how to build up our face identifier model.

Sitting is the most common behavior of the human in day today life. Also discovered that the ill-advised positions will prompt torments and also other ongoing intricacies for the individuals. To keep away from these impacts of helpless sitting stances, we had built up an exceptionally functional plan of a shrewd seat framework in our paper, that will actually want to screen the behavior of sitting stances of the human body precisely just as non-intrusively. A pressing factor examples of the normalized sitting places of human were gained and sent to the PC for the programmed sitting position acknowledgment with the utilization of the inserted framework. The exploratory outcomes additionally shown that it can perceive the places to sit for the human subjects with the highest exactness. The positions observing in a created savvy seat framework can help and elevate individuals to accomplish and keep up solid sitting stances, and furthermore forestall or decrease the constant illnesses brought about by helpless sitting stances. These promising outcomes recommended that the current framework is doable for sitting stances checking, which can discover applications in numerous regions including medical care administrations, human-PC communications and furthermore canny climate.

The activated charcoal of olive seeds were used in this study to adsorb the toxin pesticide (Thiophanate-Methyl) from its aqueous solutions. The effect of the parameters such as initial concentration, contact time and temperature have been investigated. A thermodynamic analysis shows that the Thiophanate-Methyl removal by the olive seed's activated charcoal was an exothermic and spontaneous process. The Langmuir and Freundlich models describe the adsorption isotherms, especially Langmuir model according to correlation coefficients. The results show that removing Thiophanate-Methyl by activated charcoal of olive seed from aqueous solution was very effective and has great potential applications in environmental protection.

The nanoparticles of magnesium oxide and zinc oxide are diagnosed through several techniques, including the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and (XRD). Analyzing the structure of studied nano materials are useful to investigate their medical applications by applying them to the triiodothyronine hormone in the serum. The concentration effect of zinc and magnesium oxides nanoparticles on triiodothyronine hormone were investigated. Results obtained revealed that zinc oxide nanoparticles gave an inhibitory effect. The highest inhibition to triiodothyronine hormone in the serum was achieved when the ZnONPs concentration is 200 ppm. On the other hand, magnesium oxide nanoparticles have no inhibitory effect on hormone action.

This research provides informationabout the finite element analysis of the structural behavior of an innovative new type of two-wayhollow reinforced concrete (RC) slabs of two-way plastic piping system under the effects of concentratedpunching repeated loads. This new type of two-way hollow slab could be constructedbyreplacing part of the concrete volume by a continuous network of two-way plastic piping systemsto cutportion of the dead loads by reducing the self-weight of the createdslabsas well as offering networks of voids inside the RC slab which could be valuable for passing utility lines. The reliability of elements forms, material characteristics, types of constantsand the convergence study of the proposed finite element model of the new type of two-way hollow RC slabswas confirmed by the outcomes of the numerical study and the experimental results using five different parametric studies. The proposed FE modeshowed satisfactoryaccuracy with a maximum varianceratio of about 0.11in comparison with the ultimate loading capacity of the experimental behavior. The results weredemonstratingthe efficiency of the new methodology of producing two-way hollow RC slabs using the two-way piping system by reducing the self-weight by about 24% with maintaining about 79% of the total strength. Moreover, the reduction in the strength could be eliminated by locating the networks of plastic pipes out of the locations of the maximum stresses, adding micro steel fiber, using high strength concrete or increasing the reinforcement ratio.

The evolution of techniques required to mobilize reservoir fluids at critical saturation is important because of global petroleum needs because of the necessity to conserve the underground water that deteriorated because of the slowness of persistent organic pollutants' dismantling. The acoustic waves of low-frequency are one of these methods, but the absence of understanding of the vibration effect to displace Oil prevents vibration application in the field until recently. This paper proves that oil permeability increased when the vibration induced in porous media; vibration makes resorting to the rock grains, which stimulates passage for liquid moving through the reservoir. The capillary pressure and reservoir pressure should be taken into consideration to make optimum validation for vibration stimulation.

Although there are many wastewater treatment plants, we still suffer from many problems resulting from a lack of experience or technical operating problems. In this research, the service's efficiency is evaluated according to the design laws required for small factories in the province of Najaf, which works with filtering technology through point filtration, the old project in the Al-Baraka plant, and the second works. Within the biological treatment mbbr + activated sludge, which is a biomass technology where samples were taken from both plants and annual values of the pollutant rate after treatment in the old Al-Baraka plant project COD 64 mg/L and the demand for biochemical oxygen (79) mg/L, the total suspended matter TSS 60 mg / L, PO4 phosphate 2.67 mg / L, NH3 11.46 mg / L, while Turbo 4 BIO results were as follows: 15 mg / L and 28, 83 mg / L, 2.6 mg / L and 6.173 mg / L each who are they. BOD, COD, TSS, PO4, and NH3 respectively, the results were the removal efficiency of the old brake project as follows: BOD 78%, COD 60%, TSS 60, PO4 63% compared to the Bio-Shaft project, the removal is done as follows: BOD8 9%, TSS, COD 60% PO4 60%, NH3 53%. Through the previous results, we conclude that the outputs of both stations are within the standards and permissible limits of the Iraqi specifications, but the Turbo 4Bio plant showed higher efficiency in terms of removal, and the reason may be that the old project needs periodic maintenance.

Bellow is a versatile seal/expansion joint, whose convoluted element is designed to flex even as thermal moves get up in the piping machine. The form of convolutions relies upon the amount of movement the bellows should accommodate or the stress that want to be used to perform this deflection. The convoluted elements have to be strong circumferentially to face up to the contraction and thermal growth of the device. This strength with flexibility is a totally specific design problem that isn't often positioned in other additives in commercial machine. Bellows are regularly used in the pressure vessels or piping device, aerospace, and so forth. It has the characteristic to soak up ordinary or irregular enlargement and contraction inside the device. Because of the reality bellows require excessive strength in addition to properly flexibility, we determine upon SS 316 L alloy to layout and manufacture a bellow. The design, manufacturing and evaluation of bellows are extra complex than different contemporary tubes. A magazine associated with layout and production of bellows may be noted. On this study, we bear in mind to format, modelling and detailing of bellows under axial and transverse loading the usage of Expansion Joint Manufacturer's Association(EJMA) code using CATIA V5 R21 software. With the aid of the use of this EJMA code one can anticipate the circumferential membrane strain, meridional membrane pressure, motion in keeping with convolution and fatigue life cycle of the bellows.

The novel compounds of 1,3,4-C2H2N2O were manufactured from the response of acid hydrazides with carboxylic acids using POCl₃ under reflex. These compounds were obtained from many sequence reactions as in Scheme 1. Converted anasic acid to acorresponding ester and acid hydrazid. The acid hydrazide used as starting materials for synthesis new carboxylic acid [IV] via condensation the acid hydrazide with 4-aminobenzoic acid in POCl₃ to yield compound [III]. Then, the later compound coupling with benzoic acid in suitable conditions to formation compound [IV]. Also this new carboxylic acid [IV]converted to a corresponding ester and acid hydrazide. Finally, the synthesized acid hydrazides [VI] reacted with different type of carboxylic acid in POCl₃ to get new derivatives of 1, 3, 4-C2H2N2O in two synthetic routs. The novel compounds were identified by using FTIR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The behaviour of these derivatives was examined under OPM and DSC. Compounds [IV], [VIII]₁ and [XI]_aexhibited nematic mesophase, while the other compounds [V], [VI], [VIII]3, 4, 5, 8, 9 and [XI]_{b, c} did not show any mesomorphic properties.

In the current scenario, manufacturing industries faces difficulties during machining of engineering materials-metal based, having higher mechanical properties viz. higher strength, toughness and hardness through conventional machining methods. These problems include rapid tool wear, poor surface quality of work piece material and lower stock removal rate. EDM is a single prominent what more lucrative unconventional machining procedure is, finding its prevalent functions in motorized and aerospace industries for machining of harder materials that is super alloys. Super alloys are the heat-resistant category of metals maintaining their elevated potency at superior temperature. The present paper focuses on the past work done by the researchers on machining of super alloys viz. titanium, nickel and cobalt using EDM and Wire EDM process.

Hemp Crete may be a natural occurring substance full-grown in cannabis that is plant and has additional fibre content. The fibre in these plants will be extracted in numerous ways in which. Once extraction, this will be used as replacement product for cement. Ordinarily once hemp Crete is compared to cement, cement emits carbons that cause the absorption of warmth, and unhappy syndrome. However, the fibres gift within the hemp won't permit heat to enter into the building or the structure. By mistreatment hemp we will scale back the pores within the structure which might scale back the water or air into the structure. By restarting the availability of air into the structure we will scale back the thermal physical phenomenon. Hemp Crete is stronger than concrete and has additional elastic property comparison natural artefact. Compressive strength is around 1mpa. hemp Crete will be lighter than concrete thus it can't be utilized in structure and foundation in accordance with native building codes and engineer directions. as there's appalling rise in world temperature the requirement for carbon negative technology place utter most vital and urgency hemp Crete may be a composite of hemp knife and lime based mostly binder. in this paper we tend to area unit reaching to see however hemp (cannabis) will be used for industrial purpose.

As of late everything relies upon brilliant innovation. Water system framework is likewise getting brilliant by utilizing present day advances, which is more profitable instead of the conventional strategies. In this undertaking, a shrewd water system framework is built up that robotizes the water system measure with the assistance of sun based and wind energy. This proposed framework can upgrade the utilization of water dependent on various information, for example, soil dampness, climate expectation, and so forth It will likewise inform its proprietor about the current state of the dirt and engine through IOT innovation. This proposed model can naturally kill ON and the engine siphon by detecting the dampness substance of the dirt relying upon the interest of water in the field. A dampness sensor is utilized to gather information (soil moister level) of a specific territory. The engine will consequently kill subsequent to satisfying the interest of water and get turns ON again when the field gets dry. IOT innovation is utilized to send the report (ON/OFF) of an engine to the ranchers. The entire proposed framework is constrained by an Arduino. Here, DC power is produced from the sun oriented board and wind engine. Every one of these highlights will make water system framework a lot more brilliant and practical. This Project manages the age of power by utilizing two sources join which prompts create power with reasonable expense without harming the nature balance.

Machinery in industries is used to change the size and shape of the raw material to obtain the required work piece. During this process, metal chips of different types and size are obtained. These metal chips are collected manually and are transported to local scrap yards, where recycling processes takes place. During transportation, most of these metal chips are lost or not recycled due to its size. Chips Block Making Machine can convert the collection of loose metal chips to a whole block. These blocks can be transported to scrap yards more efficiently. This process is carried out by using the principle of Thermal compression. Flow simulation in Solid Works is used as a tool to analyse the exposed environmental temperature from inner body of the machine. As a result, the efficiency of transporting these metal chips is increased and recycling process can be done more comfortably.

Transportation sector is a backbone for the economic development of any country. The urbanization rapidly increasing and it's a challenge for the city planners to look into. The United Nations has projected that 67% of the global population lives in urban areas by 2050 compared to 50% in 2010 and a mere 10%-15% in the early 19th century. The factors for urban growth are the migration of the people from the rural areas to urban areas in search of jobs in industries, tourism, services, physical infrastructure facilities etc. Explosive urban growth leads to haphazard expansion of the city. The volume of motorized traffic is increasing in India which is expected to cross 130,000 billion passenger km and has potential in creating energy demand and carbon emissions from transport sector by 2050. The deceleration and acceleration of vehicle in the central business district causes emission and discomfort to the commuters. The width of the road is being occupied by the off-street parking of vehicle results in deceleration and acceleration of vehicle by the commuters which causes more congestion and delay along with emission in the temple city. Our study is to analyze the pattern of demand that arises in traffic dense area of Madurai to park the vehicles without causing any hindrance to the commuters travel in the road.

In this study Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model is developed to understand the effect of low velocity impact on hybrid (Carbon/Glass/Epoxy) composite pipes which were wound using the filament winding technique in two different diameters. The results were compared with the existing experimental results and further validated FEA model was used to understand the effect of varying thickness and change of helix angle in the impact using ABAQUS tool. In this FEA design, composite pipe was modelled with the orientation of (CG90/CG60) for varying thicknesses (2.67mm, 4mm, 5.3mm and 6mm) and helix angles with variations as 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90° respectively. Hybrid pipe model was subjected to three different levels of impact energy namely as 20 J, 25 J and 30 J. Effect of impact studied in terms of force, deflection and energy absorbed by the specimen. The possibility of increasing in the energy absorption through increasing thickness and withstanding high impact forces and impact resistance decreasing with increase in the helix angle of orientation namely, as 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90° respectively was seen.

To ensure security among the people, a remotely operated vehicle is employed which provides a live image feed to the operator. The drone's frame is developed using 3D printing technology. Thus reduces the cost of the drone. Radio control transmitter and receiver play a major role in controlling the drone. The Camera and video transmitter is employed to provide a live image feed to the user for monitoring and other applications.

Magnetic adhesion is widely used in wall climbing robots on ferromagnetic surfaces. The Ring and block Neodymium magnets provide the necessary adhesion in permanent magnet-based climbing robots. In this article, the effectiveness of ring and block magnets are analysed using FEMM. for various magnet configurations. The adhesion force generated by ring and block magnets of a similar volume is compared and analysed. The results showed that the adhesion of ring magnets increases with the thickness of magnets. The maximum adhesion achieved in various ring magnets was compared with the adhesion generated by the arrangement of block magnets for two standoff distances and it was found that the adhesion generated by the block magnets were better in both cases. The ring magnets have constant standoff distance as per the rubber coating used and this enables them to operate seamlessly on irregular surfaces while the block magnet configurations provide excellent payload capabilities. In summary, numerical simulation results provided an understanding of the areas where the ring magnets can be used and the areas where the block magnets serve the purpose better.

Soil is a base of the construction, which serves to upholds the design from underneath and to appropriates the heap successfully. Creating strength of sub-level has consistently been a huge perspective in highway and geotechnical designing fields. Clay soil has designing properties like low bearing limit and high compressibility. The improvement of soil properties is fundamental. There are numerous stabilizers to improve the strength of soil. In our daily life, it can be seen that the underlying foundations of vegetation (roots) balance out the close surface soil that has low shear strength, basically due to low compelling pressure, on both level and inclining grounds. To improve the strength of subgrade soil, the utilization of characteristic Jute fiber is a high-level technique and they are modest, locally accessible, and biodegradable. This current examination utilizes jute fiber as a stabilizer. Based on experimental data, it is determined that the unconfined compressive strength (UCC) strength of soil increases with adding jute and maximum dry density (MDD) of soil decrease and optimum moisture content (OMC) of the soil increases. It is found that jute fiber mixed with soil layer-wise gives better strength as compared to core and random mixing.

In this paper, the nonlinear higher order differential scrupulous equations share in countless spectacles in Physics such as Fluid dynamics, Hydro dynamics, Optics, Plasma physics and so on. The exact solutions of fifth order Kaup-Kupershmit equation describe the excitations and dynamics of ionised particles such as blood and plasmas which is an essential bodily function. Here the generalised Kudrayashov method is entertained for finding the exact solutions of fifth order KdV equation and for discovering precise roving wave solutions mutable to the solitary wave solutions for Kaup-Kupershmit equation. Among the voluminous methods, generalised Kudrayashov method is very imperative and produces the knowledge of Plasma dynamics.

Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) is one of the superfinishing processes that produce nanoscale finishing for both metals and non-metals. Also, the MAF process can be utilized for the finishing of magnetic and non-magnetic materials. The basic mechanism of the MAF process consists of a flexible magnetic abrasive brush (FMAB) is developed using magnetic particles and abrasives. The FMAB acts as a multipoint cutting tool and removes material with the application of indentation and shearing action of abrasives. The literature suggests that the concept of surface finish (SF) and material removal rate (MRR) in MAF is limited to only a few materials. However, the phenomena involved in this process must be studied to improve the process mechanism and surface finish capabilities. In this review paper, the concept of surface finish mechanisms using MAF has been revised to date, the possibility of future research has been named and talked over. Attempts to improve the surface finish of MAF are also talked about.

In the current era the speed and performance of the systems are the most required thing in all the industries due to development of automation in all the fields. Central Processing Unit is the heart of a system which consists of various electronics components in it, due the presence of these components and their continuous functioning the heat generated in enormous in quantity which badly affects the performance of the CPU. There are many designs of heat sink to improve the efficiency, the commonly used heat sink is cooling fans. The cooling fans are modified from the reference to the existing ones of high performing CPUs. The modified fan has been tested for its performance computationally for different conditions of speed and heats. The performance of all the conditions has been compared and with help of computational fluid dynamics software results. The best design has been opted from the results of computational work and the numerical work was carried out to find the efficiency of the newly modified fans.

In many parts of India, rivers and streams are the major source of water for household and irrigation purposes. Due to increased human population and industrialization, the water gets highly polluted as the sewage and household wastes, agricultural wastes, and other wastes from factories are directly discharged into the river. Pollution of river water can have harmful effects on living beings and makes water unsuitable for various needs. Thus, it is required to check the quality of water at well-ordered time intervals as the physical, chemical and biological parameters of the water will be changed. In this study, six samples from both Upper Bhavani River in Coimbatore district and Lower Bhavani River in Erode district were collected at various locations and examined for water quality parameters to know its suitability for various needs. Water samples collected were examined for water quality parameters such as electrical conductivity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, sulphate, chloride, hardness, turbidity and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). Based on the water quality analysis results, Water Quality Index was formulated. The overall quality of water was assessed using the WQI values and necessary solutions are suggested to improve the quality of water.

Now-a-days the production of polymers reinforced with natural fiber has rapid growth, the reason behind this growth is the properties and performance of the natural plant fiber reinforced composites are superior to conventional polymers derived from petroleum. Due to its biodegradability nature researchers and industries shows tremendous interest in the field of poly lactic acid (PLA) based biopolymers. Even though due to its Brittle nature and high production cost, restrict their use in a broad various application. For those reasons material scientists carried out various researches to enhance the properties of PLA by reinforcing with different materials. Various researches show that reinforcing with biodegradable products to make cost effective product and reducing the brittle nature of PLA by making bio composite. When compare to synthetic fibers have less expensive, high strength to weight ratio, ease to handle. Even though it has some disadvantages such as water absorbance and hydrophobicity problem. It is also mandatory that changing the surface behavior for even stress distribution between fiber and matrix.

In this paper, a new model for estimating the remaining electrical life of the AC contactor is proposed. The model involves an equation that use the rated and operational parameters, material properties and geometries to estimate electrical health of contactor. The variation in the contact resistance as a function of time is found varying in accordance with the remaining electrical life of the contactor. This characteristic parameter along with the data regarding the quantity of material lost at the contact surface has been fed as the sample data for the machine learning model. The sample data is carefully chosen from the contactors operating at different environmental conditions and utilization categories to include wide range of data. Using the collected data from contactors operating in varied environments and utilization categories a Stochastic Gradient Descent Classifier model is generated and used to estimate the remaining electrical life.

The demonstration of producing biodiesel from fish oil using microwave with considerable reduction in the amount of catalyst used during the reaction and time of reaction is presented in this study. The various parameters such as microwave power, concentration of catalyst, reaction time and molar ratio were experimentally investigated. The reaction parameters were optimized by response surface method. Molar ratio, catalyst concentration, reaction time were chosen as reaction parameters with four levels. The results from RSM model indicate that molar ratio is having the significant contribution in transesterification of fish oil to bio diesel. To confirm the results obtained confirmative experiments were done and proved to be worthy.

In this article, the concepts and ideas used in skew binormal operator are extended to [nsnBN] operator acting on a Hilbert space H. Some results are proved based on self-adjoint and [nsnBN operator. A result is established that [nsnBN] operator and n-isometry operator are independent classes.

Different approaches such as surface preparation and cathodic protective procedures traditionally used have been used for corrosion reduction. Corrosion inhibitors have proved to be the most cost-effective and simple method for protecting and corrosion protection of the concrete embedded steel. The inhibitors reduce the rate of corrosion, preventing monetary damages incurred by metallic corrosion on steels. The toxicity of conventional bio-toxic organic compounds is a significant concern. Eco-friendly, non-toxic green inhibitors are the focus of intensive research. This research focuses on acidic solutions to imitate manufacturing processes on methods of corrosion preventive use of turkey-leaves extract-based corrosion inhibitors for steel. The dosage percentage will be raised by 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%. The present work provides an overview of corrosion forms, the corrosion mechanism and, in particular, a current application research is turkey leaves extracts as corrosion inhibitors in steel production.

The marble and granite industries have grown tremendously in recent decades. The granite industry in India produces over than 3500 cubic meters of granite powder slag all day as a waste material. Granite tiles producers often create granite particulate matter tones although during production process. The exclusion of granite fines from the polishing industry is a major concern. The polished granite powder is reactive, but not disposable on the floor. Stone waste is commonly a heavily polluting waste due to its high alkaline origin, which poses a health hazard to the environment. Downstream waste affects soil quality due to reduced porosity, water retention, water percolation etc. As it is dumped on land. They cause severe waste and pollution of the atmosphere and need large areas of land for disposal. The granite powder is obtained by the polishing process, and is held at 12% and 88% respectively, by 150 microns. Due to its fineness and size, the granite powder can be used effectively. This study describes the viability of partial cement replacement with granite powder in paver block construction. Furthermore, this study urges engineers, contractors and the government of the better future to consider substitute materials.

In the current scenario, all the developing countries majorly depend on the Transportation sector for this they need a high volume of fuel resources this made the developing countries bargain from the oil-producing countries. Due to the high demand for fuel, price hike which brings a burden to the people, emission of CO2 leads to the pollution which in turn causing damage to the Atmosphere. To reduce the pollution and price hike we need an alternate solution like Biodiesel for this the biodiesel from palmarosa grass oil can be used as fuel at the different blends, the properties of the fuel, Performance, Emission, brake thermal efficiency, Specific fuel consumption are analysed at the different blends of Diesel and Biodiesel at the four-stroke diesel engine at different load condition and various mixtures of biofuel (P10, P20, P30). The result of the experiment shows that biodiesel blends P30 gives the maximum brake thermal efficiency of 35.18% which is comparatively lower than diesel. Thus, the biodiesel blend of P30 has a reduction in the emission of CO₂ and HC at the level of 5% and 4%, where carbon monoxide emission is slightly reduced compared to diesel.

The calculations of power consumption and energy efficiency for household air conditioners with inverter technology using bin method in the Vietnamese climatic conditions were shown in the paper. The data of 53 of the air-cooled air conditioners in the Vietnamese market with rated cooling capacity in the range of 9000 BTU/h to 24000 BTU/h were used in this study. Based on the National Standard on the air-cooled air conditioners and heat pumps (i.e., TCVN 10273-1:2013) and National Regulation on climate data for construction (i.e. QCVN 02:2009), the cooling seasonal power consumption and energy efficiency have been calculated for 10 cities/provinces, representatively of different climatic zones in Vietnam. The results show that there are quite large deviations between energy efficiency (CSPF) and annual power consumption (C_CSE) from the national standard TCVN 10273-1:2013, national regulation QCVN 02:2009 and published data of manufactures. The impact of the Vietnamese climatic zones on the power consumption was investigated in the study, also. The paper suggests the necessary of upgrading the national standard and regulation for inverter air conditioners to evaluate exactly their energy efficiency in the Vietnamese climatic conditions.

This paper deals with the study of behavior of RC frames design for gravity (GF) and earthquake load (EQF). Nonlinear push over analysis was done using SAP on the models (GF & EQF). The functioning of RC frame is estimated in terms of displacement, shear, and performance point and inters story drift. The results from push over analysis for GF and EQF are compared with each other. An approach of the performance level of a 2D frame (PBF) has been done by using the Deformation based earthquake design with the displacement required to be achieved for the performance level as specified in FEMA 356. Here the yield strength is calculated for the required target displacement and the PBF frame is redesign by strength based. Hinges are developed in the ground floor vertical member while carried out the seismic design and only in beams in EQF this represent the strong beam column weak beam concept is applied and inter-story drift is more in top floor for GF and almost similar in all the floors for EQF. Yield shear strength obtained is almost equal to that of the analysis for Performance based frame.

In India, rapid increase in urbanization increases the demand of bus transportation usage with growth rate of 3% every year. This results in development of new routes in city and rural areas. The terminal operations in India are centric in nature for both pedestrians and vehicles. In order to design the efficient transportation system in terminal area the traffic operation should be centralized by implementing the correction factors. The previous research works were reviewed and the solution for developing the model was suggested in this study. The study of previous researches suggested various factors which influences the terminal design. All those factors were considered and the performance of each factor was studied and reframed with corrected values. This study integrated the terminal factors (Element factors + Operational factors + Structural factors + Dwell time factors (both vehicles and pedestrians)) for efficient terminal design and operations. In associated with the above-mentioned factors bus scheduling was included as a factor in this study and suggestion were made for improvements.

Bus transport in India is the main mode of transport in the 21st century for both intercity and interstate services. NUTP (National Urban Transport Policy) 2006 focussed the development of bus transport in Indian cities. They developed JNNURM policy for improving intercity bus services. Large part of bus transport is catered by private sector in 2020 than government sector in India. Without improving the level of service in depot areas, the bus accessibility and operational efficiency cannot be achieved. In order to improve the LOS certain strategy has to be followed in depot elements such as depot infrastructure improvement, planning guidelines for platform infrastructure, and design elements for achieving the increased LOS. This paper explains the standards for individual element in Bus depot to be followed for effective utilisation and functioning of facilities provided. The specific guidelines, standards and toolkits are the most effective format for capacity building in an organisation. It also facilitates low cost with rapid sharing of knowledge and experience. Additionally, no stake holder requirement is overlooked and ensures the minimum standards of development.

Concrete is a mixture of various components which possess strength, durability and also the aesthetic appearance. This study deals with the strengthening properties of Concrete by adding of steel fibers. This paper investigates about steel fibers that can be effectively used in concrete as a addition to concrete. This experimental study on various proportion steel fibers in addition to concrete. These steel fibers have a good tensile property strengthen the concrete which is weak in tension. The different percentages of fibers are 0.10, 0.30, 0.60, 0.90 and 1. The result shows that 1 percentage of fibers in Concrete attains a very high strength when compare to the conventional M 40 Grade Concrete. Further studies show that 1% of steel fiber plays a best role in addition with Concrete which is economically considerable and improves the tensile nature of the concrete.

The present investigation deals with design of thermal cycling schedule to enhance hardness of 0.26%C carbon steel using thermo-mechanical simulator Gleeble^® 3800. The specimens were thermal cycled at 775°C for 3 and 7 cycles. Optical micrographs, scanning electron micrographs, X-Ray diffraction patterns of as received steel specimen as well as thermal cycled specimens were reported. The thermal cycling heat treatment causes the refinement of microstructure and is responsible for enhancement in hardness of steel specimen.

The Encased composite column is one of the best option in the design of high-rise building where building load is heavy and architect restrict the increase the size of column. Encased column has high resistance to fire load and blast load. Rolled I-section is used in composite column because in built-up section there is more cost in fabrication and the cost of connection between the beam and column is very high. In a country where this technology is developed, it is used in design of important structure. In this paper analytical equation are discussed related to design of Encased composite column under axial loading. Besides comparison between the British Code and IS Code has been carried out that would result in more economical and serviceable structure.

Portland cement, sand, water, acrylic copolymer, alkali resistant glass fibre reinforcement (GFR), and additives make up Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC). Dolomite is a calcium magnesium carbonate anhydrous carbonate mineral. The aim of this study is to find the flexural strength of the concrete, split tensile of beam, and compressive strength of Glass Fibre Reinforced Concrete (GFRC) with Dolomite Waste used as the partial sand (fine aggregate) substitute. In this direction, an investigation of strength was conducted to find the use of dolomite as a partial (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60%) substitute for fine aggregate in GFRC. The M25 grade of concrete was subjected to hardened concrete tests at the ages of seven and twenty-eight days. The findings of the tests are compared to those of standard concrete.

Accidents on roads due to drunken driving have become increasingly common. We have developed a device which can prevent the accidents that occur due to drunken driving by stalling the vehicle. We are using the (MQ-3) sensor which can detect alcoholic content from the driver's breath. The Arduino NANO board is very flexible and can be programmed to the MQ-3 sensor's sensitivity requirements which in turn can actuate the relay to break the circuit which connects the starter motor and the battery, thereby stalling the vehicle. This circuit is quite compact and be integrated in all types of vehicles.

Infrastructure plays a vital role in development for recent times and humiliation of structural materials that is caused by some environmental effects has to be protected by strengthening of structures. One of the finest challenges in Civil Engineering is strengthening and rehabilitation of existing structures. There are various rehabilitation technique such as external wrapping of fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) have been developed. At initial period, strengthening has been done externally using steel plates bonded to the tension side and it has numerous difficulties including durability, manipulation, and heavy weight. The main aim of the study is to investigate the flexural behavior of the PCC beam with respect to orientation of the wrapped basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP). A sequence of 12 PCC beams with 500mm as its length, 100mm as its width and 100mm as its depth are cast with M25 grade concrete. All the 12 specimens are cured for a period of 28 days. Of the 12 PCC beams two beams are control specimens and a comparative study on the orientation of the fiber such as wrapped tension zone, shear zone, U shaped-1, U shaped-2, and fully wrapped are used on the specimen. The fiber is to be wrapped according to the orientation of the beam with epoxy resin. The experimental results shows that PCC beam that is wrapped as U shaped – 2 Shows higher Flexural strength compared to all other fabric orientations. BFRP Fully wrapped beam gives minimum Load carrying capacity when compare with other fabrics. U shaped – 2 orientation has higher load carrying capacity and economical as compared to fully wrapped and all other modes of orientations.

The significance of remote sensing observations in monitoring environmental phenomena is a well-established fact. High resolution satellite images acquired using multispectral sensors contribute greatly in this aspect. In the current study, an illustration of this factor is presented using high resolution multispectral data to analyse drought conditions over Solapur, India. Here, Sentinel-2 data is utilized to estimate indices like Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Vegetation condition index (VCI), which help us to infer the drought situation in the region of interest.

This paper studies scheduling problem of two machines with uncertain dispensation time. Our objective of study is to attain a schedule which makes idle time of machines equal to zero and reduces the rental cost of machines. Here processing time is uncertain. To deal with uncertainty Ginni Simpson Index is used. A numerical example is employed to make clear the given algorithm.

The technology innovations and adoptions outbreaks in the field of agriculture for the ease of forming and productivity improvement. Particularly, drones usage in this sector is very necessary for several activities like spraying pesticides and monitoring the crop growth all over the farm without human intervention. Earlier, the rules of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Sheldon the use of drones for the form fields. Now, the FAA liberalized their guidelines in order to encourage the technology to be part of the farming. Usually, drones should be operated at a specific altitude and thedrones flying above 130m from the ground level having security and privacy concerns. Hence, in order measure altitude of the drone, Micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) based Altimetry pressure sensors usually preferred in the drone, but in order to decrease the payload of the drone, a miniaturized MEMS based altimetry pressure sensor with high figure of merit design are highly need. In this paper, an attempt is made to design an Edge Centric Polycrystalline Piezoresistive MEMS(ECPP-MEMS) pressure sensor of 1000µm x 1000µm square structure, 1µm membrane thickness and X shaped strain gauge to achieve the sensitivity of 50mV/bar. This model should support to measure the pressure at low altitude ( < 50m above sea level) in the pressure range of 0.1-1 bar at ambient temperature.

The ultimate objective of a piece of research work is to correlate bipolar fuzzy, Computer Network Systems(CNS) and graph theory with a semigroup. Here, we present the thought of BFGsymptomatic of a network systemon SG, it's isomorphism, the thought of BFGS, group, and the idea of anti-BF-IGS as a speculation of anti-BF-IS, BFG, and graph. We concentrate a portion of their properties and demonstrate that the CNS, Gr (V₁, A₁, B₁, µ_A1, σ_B1) and Gr (V₂, A₂, B₂, µ_A2, σ_B2) be BFGS are isomorphic if their complements are isomorphic and vice versa.

Traffic congestion could be a condition in transport where it has huge crowds, slows the speed of vehicles and even it increases the vehicular lengths. Traffic congestion on city road networks has increased rapidly, since the 1950s. When the traffic demand is great then the interaction between the vehicles reduces the speed of the traffic and finally results in traffic congestion. To overcome such circumstances in present scenario, smart traffic management system can be initiated and we are in study to find a solution to make traffic free city. This system helps in monitoring the traffic signals and flow of vehicles by means of image processing with CCTV cameras. CCTV cameras help in image processing and identifying the number of vehicles passing in the road surface. It helps in abating the traffic congestion in the road and fuel consumption of the automobiles. Sensors are used for detecting the number of vehicles and speed. By coordinating the CCTV cameras and sensors the collected information can be sent to Variable Message Sign (VMS) Boards. This board displays the information regarding traffic to the road users. It helps in diverting and altering the roads at the earliest where the waiting time is reduced. Though the waiting time is reduced, fuel is consumed automatically. Therefore, reduction in the fuel consumption helps to control the air pollution. By creating the control system and detecting the problems faced in the road, traffic congestion can be reduced and provide traffic free environment. As we face rapid growth of our country's population, smart traffic management system provides people to have smooth transportation network which would find a way to reach their destination soon and make their journey better forever.

This paper will review the behavior of structural elements using natural fiber reinforced polymer laminate is going to be examined. In construction industry, the structural elements are strengthened by using fiber reinforced polymer laminate which is highly effective, but since the laminates which we use here has fabricated using steel. This is a drawback since, the initial production of synthetic fiber reinforced polymer laminate is highly expensive. So here in this paper we have come up with an alternative by giving an ecofriendly solution as well as cost effective one, here the laminates are going to be fabricated using natural fibers like jute and abaca and the behavior of both the materials are going to examined and the best one from it is going to be produced. The fabrication of laminates using natural fibers will provide a very good shear strength to structural elements, as well as, it is cost effective.

Composite fibers are becoming one of the inevitable sources, the inculcation of synthetic fibers and natural fibers hold a pivotal position in the engineering technologies. The process of combining composites without reduction in their properties like mechanical and physical have significantly led to increase in the quality of the product. Some of the process that can be done pertinent towards the polymers are tensile test, impact test, shear test, etc. To synthesize the component, hand layup process is been implemented in this process. The composition of components that include jute, hemp, basalt, glass and epoxy resin which when added with SiC will also be providing superior properties.

In this study, cooling performance of copper material based microchannel heat sink was investigated using two different approaches which are CFD and Analytical. Microchannel heat sink with two different cross-sectional geometries of rectangular and square was considered for the present study. In the present work CFD simulation is carried out using two different cooling fluids which are liquid water and water-Al₂O₃ nanofluid. Nanofluid volume fraction of 0.3% was used for present study. Re number in between 200-1000 was used for the present study. For CFD simulation purpose heat sink of dimension of 25.4mm × 25.4mm × 2.384mm is considered in the study. Boundary condition of constant heat flux is assumed by providing heat flux at constant rate at bottom of the assembly. To compare between square and rectangular cross section microchannel heat sink, the hydraulic diameter is kept same in both the cases and CFD simulation was conducted. With using water-Al₂O₃ nanofluid as the working fluid the rectangular cross section is showing better performance in terms of cooling as compare to the square cross section. Drop in pressure results in rectangular section calculated using water Al₂O₃ nanofluid using both CFD and Analytical approach are in good agreement with difference of 13.4%

Arandela Muelle Valvula (Valve Spring Washer) is a component used in valves for avoiding leakage while withstanding high pressure. In a manufacturing industry, these valve spring washers are produced as per the customer needs. Based on grades, four different grades of Muelle variants are used, they are UNS S15500 (15 – 5 pH), UNS S17400 (17 – 4 pH), INCONEL X-718, INCONEL X-750. In these variants, UNS S15500 (15 – 5 pH) and UNS S17400 (17 – 4 pH) have almost similar element composition, except the chromium level. From the raw material UNS S15500 (15 – 5 pH) Sheet, Arandela Muelle (Spring Washer) are cut by either Waterjet cutting process, Laser cutting or Wire cutting processes. While examining, some UNS S15500 (15 – 5 pH) grade Arandela Muelle (Spring Washer) are reported as UNS S17400 (17 – 4 pH) grade steel, in the Positive Material Identification Test (PMI). To properly identifies the differences, other chemical and mechanical tests are carried out.

In today's trend, research on composites is growing, and there is always a need for alternative materials. Natural fibre reinforced composites were chosen over man-made fibres because they are easier to fabricate and use less energy. It's also affordable and has a power that's equivalent to synthetic fibres. A composite is made up of a matrix phase and a non-matrix phase. A composite is made up of two phases: matrix and reinforcement. Resin + hardener are the matrix phases used. It is a primary phase that has a constant shape. This step is normally more ductile and less hard. coconut and banana fibre form the reinforcing process, which has a discontinuous form. As compared to matrix process, it normally has more power. The properties of a 0%, 1%, 3% and 5% of nano material imposition were compared. In comparison a plate with 5% Nano Silica has maximum (tensile & flexural) strength. The plate with a 1% Nano silica has the highest impact strength.

The development of reinforced composite fibre has received a lot of attention in recent years. Reinforced composite fibres have superior mechanical properties to glass and carbon fibre, such as stiffness, impact strength, durability, and modulus. Poor moisture tolerance and the formation of its forms during processing render it more difficult to use them in a specific application. The effect of adding silica nano particle content to a glass fiber-reinforced composite fabricated through hand lay-up followed by hot press moulding is investigated in this study, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength are evaluated. The findings showed that when 5 percent Nano-silica is applied to the glass fibre, optimum tensile and flexural strength is obtained, and that the addition of 1 percent Nano-silica has major effects on the Charpy impact behaviour.

In India ranks 6th in Diesel consumption, 3.5% total commercial power. Current usage of diesel in India is about 88.8 billion liter (70% of total petrol production consumption) and is expected to reach 130 billion liter in 2025 as demand is growing at a rate of 5.6% per annum. While at home crude oil and natural gas production will remain around 33.97 mt during 2006-07. So, there will be a huge gap between demand as well a supply that needs to be met with increased fuel intake or increasing biodiesel production by improving biodiesel fields without sacrificing world food security. Biodiesel is a renewable energy source created for renewable energy waste and degraded areas. Biofuel is a fuel that contains high-fat mono-alkyl esters acids of vegetable oil or animal fats, found in plant or animal. Consumption of biofuel requires very little modification or not of the engine when combined with diesel up to 20% (B20). Biofuel consumption results in a significant reduction in non-combustible hydrocarbons by 30%, carbon monoxide by 20% and compound by 25%. It has almost there is no sulfur. Other than that, it has about 10% of the built-in oxygen, i.e., helps with fire burning and several positive Cetane. So, we have proposed Bio diesel production from Canola oil and Pongamia oil, we have used acid catalyst and methanal to produce Bio diesel. Green seed canola oil and Pongamia oil is Low grade oil. In this research, biodiesel was produced from canola oil, Pongamia oil, Transesterification of both oil with Alcohol, and Methanal catalyst (Canola) H₂SO₄ Acid catalyst (Pongamia oil). The reaction was conducted at Room Temperature and a stirring speed of 50 Rpm for 10 min. Prior to transesterification, green seed canola oil was bleached to remove pigments using various adsorbents at different conditions. We have tested various blend of Biodiesel named as B10, B20, and B30 in Single Cylinder Four-stroke VCR Diesel Engine. The Break thermal efficiency and Mechanical Efficiency was Increased 15% and fuel consumption and cost was reduced.

Nowadays, the use of Earth Bricks is at this point not notable despite its enormous inclinations, especially from the biological and legitimacy viewpoints. The massive cost of materials and experienced work has held stopped various people back from working with legitimate and safe advancement procedures. Developing a sensible, safe, and viable design system has become an essential endeavor for primary modelers and experts around the globe. The construction business has consumed a gigantic proportion of typical resources and moreover been responsible for a basic energy use. Earth bricks have the most decreased exemplified energy of any design material and make structures that are unparalleled in energy capability. Later on, where the canny, long stretch energy conservation and comfort material are the objections, Earth brick is the ideal choice for energy capability and strength. The essential objective of this examination is to inspect the effects of using polypropylene fiber, Metakaolin with geopolymer fastener to settle the earth brick. The geopolymer fastener will be a mix of metakaolin and dissolvable plan. Earth Bricks will be offset with 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 % of polypropylene with geopolymer cover and it will be differentiated and Earth Bricks containing 5% of cement and Metakaolin binder.

Piper longum traditionally known as Pippali is a climbing vine belonging to the Piperaceae family, which originated in northeastern India and the Western Ghats. It is majorly used in traditional and Ayurvedic system of medicines to treat bronchitis, diarrhea, viral hepatitis, respiratory infections, stomach pain, bronchitis, spleen diseases, coughs, colds and tumors. Articles indexed by Scopus, electronic search as Science Direct, PubMed, are used to collect information about Piper longum. There are many phytochemicals in Pippali, including alkaloids, essential oils, flavonoids and steroids. The pharmacological properties reveal the anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, adulticidal, anti-obesity, anti-fungal, antipyretic and cardio protective effects of the plant. Pipili also has many antiviral activities, and helps to improve the immune system and effectively resist hepatitis B virus. This plant seems to be non-toxic, easy to obtain, inexpensive, and has no side effects. Although there are infinite traces for its medicinal use, however its use in treating viral influenza like diseases is not yet much explored. However, it has strong potential to treat symptoms such as cough, cold and fever. In the wake of the current situation of the global corona virus, it has become essential to look for alternatives that would be effective against the virus as well as provide the additional immunity boosting ability. Therefore, effective experimentation and investigations are essential to consider its competence. Researchers must study the plant in details for its huge potentialities.

Typically, Concrete mixture is firm in Compression yet sickly in Tension and shear. Reason for this examination is to discover the conduct of cement built up with half-breed full-scale strands. By adding Luffa strands in rates like 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%& 2% to the solid, the mechanical properties are researched. The ideal level of Luffa fiber was discovered to be 1%. Marble has been generally utilized in structures since old occasions. The current examination is pointed toward using waste marble dust (WMD) in development industry itself as fine total in solid, supplanting characteristic sand and furthermore by adding the ideal level of Luffa fiber. The substitution is done halfway and completely in the different extents like 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% and its impact on properties of cement were examined. The ideal level of the solid by adding 1% of Luffa fiber and the extents was discovered to be 20%

The proposed investigational programme aims to assess SCC efficiency by altering the percentage of silica fumes used as a substitute material. A study of the reliability of fresh and hardened concrete properties was conducted. In this study, the test mix which really compensates the fresh concrete properties provides the highest compressive strength was used. Silica fume is used to substitute cement in varying percentages (0, 10%, 15% and 20%). As compared to other cement replacement, Self-Compacting Concrete with 15% silica fume showed higher performance. Three beams were cast and assessed for flexural behaviour: conventional RCC, self-compacting concrete Beam, and SCC with 15% silica fume. As compared to other instances, SCC with 15% silica fume performed well, which is shown in the load deflection graph.

This paper examines a heuristic programmed algorithm for the problem of two-stage flow shop scheduling in which the time to process their respective probabilities and to minimize the cost of hiring machines under a given rental policy. Furthermore, it takes into account the transfer time from one device to another system. The algorithm is very easy to understand and also offers an significant technique for decision-making.

The scramjet engine plays a promising role for a successful future hypersonic flight system. The performance of scramjet system depends on many factors like mixing rate of fuel and air, proper flame stabilization mechanism and suitable injection system. The flame stabilization is provided by means of introducing a Cavity along the wall of the combustor. The cavity effects on the performance of supersonic combustion will be studied here with the help of three-dimensional combustor CFD model. The reliability of the numerical results obtained by using the computational approach depends on the proper validation of the CFD code with their corresponding experimental results. The corresponding experimental results from the literature will be identified and used here for the validation of the numerical code. The final CFD results after its validation with the experimental results will be presented in terms of x-y plots and contours for the discussion.

Aluminium metal matrix hybrid composites are refined through stir casting method. Aluminium A-356 is reinforced with ceramic particles like Zirconium diboride (ZrB₂) and Tungsten carbide (WC) in varying weight percentages (ie. 2.5% and 5%). (The purpose is to compare the properties like of the different composite specimens). This work aims to develop aluminium metal hybrid composites for automotive applications and studying its wear characteristics. Due to low density, aluminium metal was chosen. Of the several alloys, A356 is chosen as the matrix material since it has good castability and good strength and low cost. Among the reinforcements, WC possess high durability and good wear support. Stir casting technique embraced to fabricate specimens. Then the casted specimens were machined and subjected to wear testing to examine the tribological properties through Pin on disc tribometer apparatus. The pin specimens were tested under different sliding conditions. Then the specimens were investigate under the (SEM) which is Scanning electron microscope to study the wear structure that occurred in sliding condition.

Roads of late square measure created of deep strength asphalt, bitumen, stone, chalk rock, compacted sand, as most as rural roads square measure targeted, are factory-made from earth sand, loam, gravel and organic compound spray seal. For years throw-away merchandise factorymade from PVC square measure variety one reason behind organic compound pollution in incinerators and once burned it fires. Finding correct use of disposed PVC waste is that the wish of the hour. On the other road traffic is increasing, so the necessity to increase the load bearing capacities of the roads, the employment of PVC mixed organic compound or asphalt or PVC coated combination in pavement construction permits the employ of PVC waste. Throughout this study, the assorted properties of PVC modified organic compound like softening purpose, penetration worth square measure reaching to be reviewed. The results indicate that PVC waste may be used with success in construction. Strength and stability of the combo magnified when incorporation of PVC waste; it had been additionally ascertained that addition of PVC waste showed increase resistance to permanent deformation in terms of rutting. On the idea of experimental work, it's ended that the asphalt mixtures with waste PVC modifier may be used for versatile pavement construction.

Construction activities have the potential to generate a substantial amount of air pollution. In the past 30 years pollution in construction industry has acknowledged more consideration in the industry. Dust and emissions from destruction and construction activities can worsen the quality of air which can harm to health and impact upon life quality. Particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5(less than10mm, 2.5mm in Ф) are now recognized as significant causes of pollution and they can be carried from sites even in light winds. India is home to 13 of the 20 cities with the maximum levels of particulate air pollution worldwide, according to 2012 statement by the World Health Organization. This paper provides an overview of control of dust emissions by considering the direction and dispersion of particulate emissions based on wind speed. Indian Meteorological Data (IMD) provides a details regarding wind speed for every location which can be taken into account. It is necessary to maintain the air quality according to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).

In all agricultural seasons, an automatic irrigation system has been designed to facilitate the automated provide of adequate water from a reservoir to field or domestic crops. One of the goals of this research is to determine how human control can be removed from irrigation while also optimising water use in the process. The method used is to continuously monitor the soil moisture level in order to determine whether irrigation is required and how much water is required in the soil. Various types of sprinkler irrigation systems were studied in this study, along with their design, construction, and installation. The planning was aided by the use of a rotating system to irrigate a small plot, which provides a suitable scientific basis for correct water scheduling, system evaluation, and minimising water waste and runoff. It was intended for a variety of crops. The significance of the design and installation is to provide the University's irrigation research Field with irrigation field demonstration practise facilities that can be used.

Many buildings have either reached the end of their lifespan or were designed without meeting the requirements. Large quantities of concrete debris result from the demolition or repair work in such buildings can be reused. The use of reused aggregate concrete to replace the aggregates in conventional concrete will help to alleviate the aggregate shortages. By reusing the construction waste materials, we can reduce the waste generation and also can conserve the environment. Many researchers had proved that the strength of the recycled aggregate concretes (RAC) is similar to that of conventional concretes. The main aim of this review is to study the concrete strength prepared with the reused coarse aggregate concrete relating to the bond strength, compressive strength and tensile strength by replacement level and also by adding chemical admixtures.

Metal matrix is defined as two or more material mixing with each other, In these constituents, one is mainly metal and the other is non-metals such as ceramics, glass and rubber etc. There is a wide scope for metal matrix composites nowadays. Among various metal matrix composites, Aluminium MMC yields good results, when compared with other MMC (metal matrix composite These reinforcements have much higher strength and wear resistance than pure aluminium. Multiple reinforcements in an aluminium metal matrix composite have a lot of potential. The use of metal matrix composites with Al6061 as parent material and infusion of reinforcements like Carbides, Oxides and Borides have resulted in materials with improved mechanical strength and usability. This paper contains the investigation of Mechanical Properties of Aluminium 6061 and Aluminium 6061 reinforced with SiC, Al₂O₃ particles. In this, we are focusing Al MMC by undergoing various tests such as impact, hardness and tensile tests. In the present work, aluminium matrix hybrid composite of Al6061+ X wt% of Al₂O₃ + Y wt% of SiC (X = 2.5,5 % and Y = 5,2.5%) was successfully fabricated by stir casting method. The effect of Al₂O₃ and SiC reinforced in the matrix were investigated through tensile test, impact test, hardness values and SEM analysis (for Morphological characteristics) and the best composition of AMMC matrix was determined.

In this project, Aluminium metal matrix hybrid composites are processed through stir casting methodology. A356 is reinforced with ceramic particle-like Titanium diboride (TiB₂) and Tungsten carbide (WC) in varying weight percentages of 92.5% A356 and TiB₂ 5% WC 2.5% of Sample 1, A356 90% TiB₂ 5% WC 5% of Sample 2, A356 100% of Sample 3 through stir casting technique. Under the Vickers hardness test, the Sample consisting of 90% A356 + 5% TiB₂+ 5% WC exhibited superior results. Under the Tensile test, the Sample of 90% A356 + 5% TiB₂ + 5% WC exhibited higher tensile strength when compared with the remaining two Samples. It is because the ceramic reinforcement particulates are harder than the A356 matrix material. Then the fractured Samples were examined under SEM and fracture mechanisms were studied.

This study is about the potential for bacteria to fill the micro pores in the concrete the experimental investigation was to find the ability of the concrete with and without bacteria. The micro pores are filled by calcite precipitation created by the bacteria that will create autogenous healing to the concrete. The bacillus family bacteria was create the alkali-resistant spore this formation make as self-healing of the concrete. The active viable period of the bacteria was 4 months in water before adding to the concrete. The continuous decrease of the spore size diameter in concrete its helps to increase the compressive strength of the concrete. The life span and the concrete that is the durability of the concrete was increased we have a sustainable concrete. The present investigation is aimed to answer the following queries: Growth and culture of bacteria, effect of different cell concentration of bacteria embedded on the strength and durability characteristics of concrete.

In traditional joining process, copper alloys are hard to weld owing to its thermal and electrical properties. Owing to the high melting temperature and large thermal conductivity, excessive heat is needed for the joining operation of copper alloys. With Increased heat input, the heat affected region of the welded part increases, the mechanical and thermal properties of the component deteriorate. The objectives of this research are to discover the ideal mechanical performance of FSW of copper alloys. Two main factors such as tool speed and traversing speed has been investigated. A cylindrical profile of tool pin is used for all the experiments. A total of four experiments were conducted with two rotational as well as traversing speed for this investigation. The response such as tensile strength was analysed for accessing the integrity of the welded joints. At a steady load, the joints manufactured are found to have a highest tensile strength of 262 Mpa. Thus the 93.57 percentage of joint efficiency is achieved.

Every people in the world can access the road for the transportation purpose. Several traffic signs and signals are placed in order, to maintain safety for the people. Some places which don't have the proper signals at the intersection might lead to cause more accidents and that kind of intersection are called as uncontrolled intersection. When several type of vehicles sharing and moves in a same carriage width without any gap between vehicles without any proper lane discipline is known as mixed traffic condition. Due to these accidents many people lose their life and many properties are also damaged. Several studies are being done by many literates about the uncontrolled intersection and it is available in the literature under mixed traffic condition for finding out the causes and some remedial measure were provided in those studies. Some of the study indicates about the Gap acceptance, Conflicts, pedestrian crossing behaviour, occupation time of the vehicle and so on. In this study we are going to discuss about those literatures and to give some remedial measures for the conflicts that occur in the uncontrolled intersection under mixed traffic condition.

COVID'19 pandemics has brought a tremendous change in the regular human life style due to the severity of the virus. In addition, a positive impact was observed in the ambient air quality due to complete absence of anthropogenic activities contributing to the air pollutants in the urban sprawl for a short duration because of the lockdown restrictions imposed by the government. In this study, we have discussed the trend of air quality with respect to pre-lockdown, lockdown, and post-lockdown. It was observed that on an average 50%-70% decrease in pollutant concentration measured during lockdown compared to pre-lockdown measurements. However, post-lockdown shown an increasing trend in concentration but are within the permissible limits due to the restrictions imposed in the post-lockdown. This short analysis presented in this paper highlights the effect of lockdown over air quality improvement observed in a densely populate metro city of Tamil Nadu.

Chromium is extremely noxious unneeded for any living organism and its occurrence is unusual in nature. Many industrial activities such as mining, metal plating, wood preservation, dyes, pigments, tanning and textile industries makes pollution which cause major health hazards. The present study explores the possibilities using biochar from any carbonized material to use as source to remove the toxic material from any industrial effluent and particularly for Cr(VI). Batch process was accomplished to examine the outcome of various parameters to eliminate the Cr (VI) from the solutions. The rate of adsorption has been interrelated with all the parameters. The Cr(VI) adsorbed bio-char may be used as a fuel in Ferrochrome industry. From the study, it was experimental that adsorption kinetics obeys the pseudo second order kinetics. Experimental data follows the Langmuir isotherm. Intra-particle diffusion is most sluggish steps which determine the rate.

Mushrooms are type of white-rot fungi such as basidiomycetes, which degrades a lot of agro wastes by the secretion of precious bioconversion enzymes and produce the final enriched product. These enzymes take part in organic and inorganic waste remediation in the environment. This review analysed from the standpoint of scientists reserching in lignolytic enzyme production from various mushroom cultivation and also highlights the role of recent approaches within the production of giant volume of commercially important enzymes from biodegradable wastes. Then the proceeding work is to survey the novel lignolytic enzyme production aspects and their major characteristics, microbial sources such as basidiomycetes (white-rot fungi), downstream processing, relevant biochemical properties, diverse applications, enzyme mycotechnology and some recent research developments.

WC-Co-Cr powder was mixed with 5 % micron sized TiC powder to form blended powder. The blended powder was deposited on 16/5 martensitic stainless steel (16/5 MSS) by high velocity oxy fuel process. The microhardness of the blended coating, WC-Co-Cr and 16/5 MSS was found to be 1271, 1081 and 337 VHN respectively. The coated specimen and 16/5 specimen were examined for slurry erosion test for 48h. The weight loss of the coated and coated specimen was measured after every 6h. WC-Co-Cr coating has the maximum erosion resistance behavior followed by blended coating and 16/5 MSS. The volume loss of modified coating due to erosion was found to be 65% less in comparison to 16/5 MSS. The enhanced erosion resistance of the blended coating is attributed to higher hardness of the coating w.r.t 16/5 MSS.

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022

This article (and all articles in the proceedings volume relating to the same conference) has been retracted by IOP Publishing following an extensive investigation in line with the COPE guidelines. This investigation has uncovered evidence of systematic manipulation of the publication process and considerable citation manipulation.

IOP Publishing respectfully requests that readers consider all work within this volume potentially unreliable, as the volume has not been through a credible peer review process.

IOP Publishing regrets that our usual quality checks did not identify these issues before publication, and have since put additional measures in place to try to prevent these issues from reoccurring. IOP Publishing wishes to credit anonymous whistleblowers and the Problematic Paper Screener [1] for bringing some of the above issues to our attention, prompting us to investigate further.

[1] Cabanac G, Labbé C and Magazinov A 2021 arXiv:2107.06751v1

Retraction published: 23 February 2022