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On behalf of the Steering Committee, it is my great pleasure to welcome you to the 2nd International Conference on Research and Learning of Physics (ICRLP 2019), which will be held at the Auditorium of Universitas Negeri Padang, in Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia from August 8 (Thursday) to 9 ( Friday), 2019.

This ICRLP2019 is organized by the Department of Physics, Universitas Negeri Padang. The main objective of this conference is to provide a platform for academics, researchers, professionals practitioners, observers, teachers and students to present their current research in physics and physics learning. In addition, it also aims to discuss strategic issues in related fields. The theme of the conference is "Challenge in research and learning of physics towards industrial revolution 4.0"

The two-day conference is expected to build cooperation between academics, researchers and institutions at both national and international levels. The scope of ICRLP 2019 covers various fields in Physics Research and Physics Learning Research.

I would like to express my sincere appreciation to all the participants, financial sponsors, exhibitors, supporting organizations and all the committee members who has made ICRLP2019 successful. With these strong support, we are sure ICRLP will be beneficial to all the participants, and you enjoy in Padang.

We are looking forward to meeting you in the next ICRLP.

Steering Committees are available in the pdf

Dr. Ramli, Yohandri, Ph.D, Dr. Chris Wurster, Prof. Dr. Suriani Abu Bakar, are available in the pdf.

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

The purpose of this study was to establish a method to estimate impact force in tennis forehand stroke to determine if differences in string tension would affect impact force. This is a preliminary study using only one participant. Estimates were determined using kinematic data and data obtained from strain gauges. Preliminary data on peak resultant impact force estimates were within the range of those reported in the literature. Peak resultant force estimates were larger for higher string tension rackets and lower string tension in the racquets possibly due to differences in coefficient of restitution. Data estimated from this study, regardless of string tension, may give a better representative of peak resultant impact force as the data were not filtered.

The Earthquakes that occured in West Sumatra was dominated by a trust mechanism. This is due to the westren part of Sumatra stretching the subduction zone parallel to the sumatran coastline and fault movement. The size of the earthquake energy release can depend on local stress conditions and the levelof seismic activity. Local tectonic stress conditions were determined using seismotectonic parameters, whereas the distribution of seismic activity levels used eartquake magitude frequnecy relationships. Based on this analyisis, local stress conditions for each segment in West Sumatra are categorized in a high level. The segment with the highest stress conditions is in the Suliti and Sumani Segment, the medium stress conditions in in the Sianok dan Suliti segment, and the lowest is the Mentawai segment. The level if seismicity in the segment of West Sumatra based on seismotectonic parameters is categorized as low seismic level. The segment with the lowest seismic level are Sumani and Suliti, followed by Sianok and Sumpur, the highest level is the Mentawai segment.

Landslides are natural disasters that have a major impact on the environment and surrounding communities every year. Even so, the impact of landslides can be reduced if the precursors of landslides are known through research. However, There are not much research has addressed to study this issue thoroughly. Indeed, many methods are used to study landslide precursors, one of which is to study landslide precursors based on resistivity data of rocks that form slopes or hills where landslides tend to occur. The rock resistivity data can be obtained by the Geoelectric Resistivity method, but the resistivity data that obtained through this method is apparent resistivity. The actual rock resistivity and thickness of the rock structure can be interpreted based on apparent resistivity using the Robust Inversion method. Thus, the purpose of this study is to describe the rock structure (resistivity and thickness) which has the potential as a precursor for landslides in Solok Regency, West Sumatra. The results showed that there were 10 landslide precursor points in Sungai Lasi District and 6 landslide precursor points in Gunung Talang sub-district that had the potential for landslides.

One type of creeping firefly (Lampyris noctiluca) has been found in the forest area, West Sumatra, Indonesia. This study reports the spectral properties of these fireflies using a nanofotometer. From the measurement results, the wavelength value at maximum intensity is 580 nm. The decay constant, the number of photons, the quantum yield and the activation energy produced are 0.0092 / sec, 4.95 quanta / sec, 0.283 and 2.1433 eV, respectively.

Interface state density plays a significant role in determining the behaviour and characteristics of optoelectronic devices. In this paper, we investigated the effect of the interface state density on the carrier transport and performance in ZnO based-metal-instulator-semiconductor (MIS) type solar cells. Semi-analytical calculations were performed to obtain the solar cell's performance characteristics, i.e., the short circuit current, open-circuit voltage, fill-factor, and efficiency. Most possible carrier transport mechanisms including minority carrier diffusion, field emission (tunnelling) and carrier recombination were taken into account in investigating the role interface state density on the current profile. It was found that the effect of interface state density is dependent on the oxide thickness. At thicknesses higher than the critical thickness of the oxide layer the increase of the density of states causes the performance of the solar cells to drop.

The technological advances in the radar field are currently growing. So that it requires an absorbent material that has a high absorption capacity so that it can be applied as Radar Absorbent Material (RAM). The RAM made in this study is nanocomposite material which consists of magnetic material based on natural iron sand Fe3O4 and PANi conductive polymer. Fe₃O₄/PANi nanocomposite was made using the sol-gel method with a percentage combination of Fe₃O₄/PANi 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70%. Fe₃O₄/PANi was characterized using XRD and VNA. At the culminate of XRD characterization, it was exposed that successfully synthesized Fe₃O₄/PANi nanocomposite using the sol-gel method. Fe₃O₄/PANi is a material that can be used as a microwave absorber, this is indicated by the results of characterization using VNA. In the C-Band (4-8 GHz) the maximum reflection loss is found in Fe₃O₄/PANi samples (40%) of -28,674 dB at a frequency of 6 GHz by a coefficient absorption of 0.0368 and absorption percentage of 96.32%. Whereas in the X Band (8-12 GHz) maximum reflection loss was obtained in the Fe₃O₄/PANi sample (60%) of -24.3533 dB at a frequency of 11.76 GHz, by a coefficient absorption is 0.0605 and a absorption percentage of 93.94%.

Energy harvesting systems in solar cells require control to get maximum power, the maximum power control system is maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Energy efficient and effective harvesting is needed to avoid the energy absorbed by the control system. MPPT method with the Perturb and Observe (p&o) algorithm system. P&O method is a change in the value of a certain voltage and looking at the current value, this method is very effective to get the maximum power produced by solar cells. Energy that is absorbed by solar cells during the rainy season is very limited because the intensity and duration of sunlight to the surface of the solar cells is very small, therefore harvesting energy with the MPPT system can produce effective energy.

Aquifer is an underground layer of water. Currently, many residents of Padang do not know the exact position of the aquifer. Many drilling activities have been carried out to find ground water. But the results are not in accordance with the predetermined depth targets. This situation will be affected to the costs incurred for drilling. This study aims to model aquifers in Padang and find out their depth and thickness. One way to identify aquifers is to use geoelectrical resistivity method. In this study, researchers used a one-dimensional vertical electrical sounding (VES). The collection of geoelectrical sounding data is spread in 36 points in Padang. To modeling the aquifer layer, kriging interpolation method is used. Based on the results of processing rock resistivity models, it was found that the average aquifer depth in Padang is about 6.23 meters, with the shallow depth in 1.01 meters and the deepest in 20.02 meters. While the average thickness of aquifers is about 7.47 meters, with the thinnest thickness in 1.68 meters and the thickest in 11.74 meters. The aquifer layer was identified as unconfined aquifer.

A strong earthquake with M 6.4 in 14 km shallow depth occurs in the Eastern of Taiwan. To clarify the land deformation model and area damage covered, the SAR data of Sentinel-1A/B in ascending and descending orbit extracted. The data is collected from coseismic and post-seismic. In processing SAR data, Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) technique applied. The result presents significant deformation reach to 250 millimeters in line of sight (LOS) for ascending and descending orbit.

A simple and low cost electrical property tester for material has been designed and built using cheap components. This instrument consists of simple adjustable current source circuit using LM317, gold coated pin probe and multimeters. The circuit arranged has produced sufficient current to do an electrical property measurement. Value of current could be adjusted to select suitable current in measurement. Resistance vs current graph shows a reciprocal function that generated by a constant voltage of 1.25 volts in output pin. An experiment to examine sheet resistance of ITO glass was carried out to make sure the instrument work properly.

An optimization of the hydrophobic nanocomposite thin film has been carried out. A thin layer of nanocomposites is synthesized from natural minerals, which are a mixture of silica and polyethylene. Synthesis was carried out using 5 hours spinning with High Energy Milling (HEM-E3D). Optimization is done through variations in the composition of silica minerals with polyethylene. Contact angle characterization was performed using the Nikon D5200 Camera. The results of this study are the optimum contact angle obtained in the composition of silica/polyethylene nanocomposites that is 0.2 gram/0.5 gram.

In this paper, lengkeng shell was immobilization with sodium silica yo remove Cd (II) ion from aqueous soution by biosorption was investigative in a batch system immobilization of lengkeng shell can improve the ability of biosorbent in the process of absorption. The influence of solution pH and particle size. Were evaluated the result showed that the absorbent was good for the removal of Cd (II) ion with biosorption capacity of 22.587 mg/g at pH 5 and 250 μm particle size. Immobilization lengkeng shell showed the highles potential for the removal of toxic metal aqueous solution.

The effects of Dimethyl Glyoxan (DMG) loaded chitosan-nano film (NFCh) chemical sensor for detection Ni+² ions in aqueous solution were studied. The films, prepared by solvent casting technique with the following compositions of the casting solutions in DMG, chitosan, STPP. The DMG was successfully loaded into NFCh as confirmed by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Interaction of NFCh with nickel ions provides obvious colorimetric change from red to violet, enabling easy detect with the naked eye. Sensor was exhibited good selectivity with sensitive. In addition, the sensing details were evaluated using UV–Vis spectroscopy. The physico-mechanical properties of NFCh i.e tensile strength, elongation and thicknesses were studied. NFCh with electron withdrawing group at organic ligand showed high selectivity for detection of ion nickel over other interfering anions.

This study aims to test ability the catalyst tubes to reduce exhaust emissions, save fuel and increase power and torque engine on vehicle. The catalyst tube named TK^plus. TK^plus catalyst tube filled with NiFe₂O₃ which was created with sol gel method and calcined on temperature 600°C, characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM EDX, and BET test. Exhaust emission test results show motor vehicles equipped with TK^plus can reduce CO₂ emissions; between 36% - 48%, and CO₂ emissions fall between 7% - 42%, decrease fuel consumption by 23% - 33%. Dyno test shows that in the presence of TK^plus engine performance increased compared with engine without TK^plus. At the revolving round of the engine at 5781 rpm or at a speed of 120 km/h, the power value increased by 5.8% and the torque value increased by 7.8% compared to the vehicles not equipped with TK^plus value.

West Coast of Sumatra island has a large amount of iron sand. Research in the Pariaman area and Agam Regency has been carried out, but for the Pasaman area it is not yet available. This research will reveal the iron sand genes found in Kinali Pasaman and find out physical properties such as: Grain size, Magnetization, Specific Gravity and magnetic susceptibility of the samples obtained. The purpose of this study is to provide information and data for the West Pasaman district government to bring in Regional Revenue / PAD (Royalty) as well as one of the solutions for PT Semen Padang in meeting its iron sand needs. The methodology used is to take 5 (five) iron sand samples systematically and represented at several points. The sampling point at the coordinates: 1.S004'46,49 "E99046'6,33", 2. S005'8,93 "E99046'2,34", 3.S007'39,40 "E99045'25,60", 4. S008'20.60 "E99044'55.55", 5. S008'39.00 "E99044'55.43". The sample was analyzed for its physical properties at the UNP FT Mining Laboratory. The results of research on the physical properties of iron sand at Kinali Pasaman beach: sample size 0.425mm-0.15mm,% magnetization fraction from size of 0.425mm-0.075mm 20%-40%, specific gravity 2.9-3.5, and susceptibility 497.8-2644, 3 x 10-8m3kg-1 which shows iron sand is superparamagnetic.

Capillary silica is reacted with the monomer through the externally polymerization process so that a capillary silica polymer will be formed. The formed silica polymer will be modified with dimethylamine as an anion exchange group. Modified silica polymers, their morphological form are characterized by SEM and to see the series of functional groups in polymerized silica polymers will be characterized using FTIR. This research begins with the activation of capillary silica to be used, namely capillary silica with an inner diameter of 0.32 mm. After obtaining the optimum conditions of capillary silica to be used, silica will be reacted with several monomers such as glycydil methacrylate (GMA), azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as an initiator, ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a crosslinker and porogen 1,4 butanadiol, 1-propanol, and water, by comparison of certain compositions to create a capillary silica polymer. Capillary silica polymers that have been externally polymerized will be modified with dimethylamine (DMA) as an anion exchange group and will be applied as a stationary phase for nitrite and nitrate anion analysis.

Lake Maninjau was formed after a caldera forming eruption ∼50,000 years ago. Eventhough this eruption is one of the biggest Quarternary eruptions on Sumatra, it is not studied in detail so far. Only few attempts to study the volcanic processes have been carried out, mainly focusing on stratigraphy, physical volcanologoical parameters and geochemical characterization of volcanic rocks around the lake but the magnetic susceptibility of the pre- and post caldera lava have not been studied. Identification of the magnetic susceptibility of rocks can be done by using Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter type MS2B. This study aims to determine the concentration of magnetic minerals based on the value of magnetic susceptibility in rocks. The Magnetic susceptibility data can be used as initial characteristics to understand the volcanic processes in the past and explain the environmental changes processes. The magnetic susceptibility values obtained ranged from 967.8 × 10⁻⁸ m³/kg - 2187.0 × 10⁻⁸ m³/kg. This Range indicates that the sample is estimated to be dominated by ilmenite (FeTiO3). Further frequency dependent susceptibility (χ_fds%) defined as ratio of magnetic susceptibility measured with difference frequency ranges less than 1%. Our results show all the samples are virtually no superparamagnetic and generally dominated by multi-domain (MD) grains.

The elemental composition in peatland samples has been measured using the XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) instrument. Peat soil samples were taken using a peat core near the Lake Diatas Alahan Panjang. After the magnetic suceptibilty of the samples were measured using Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility with MS2C sensor the samples that had the highest value were subsequently selected for analysis of elemental composition. The given results of percentage of major composition, including Si (50,552%), Al (13,545%), Fe (12,23%), S (4,896%) and Mg (4,204%). The most magnetic element forming magnetic element was Fe that formed mineral such on hematite, magnetite, maghemite, ilmenite, greidite or geothite.

Peatlands in Lake Diatas can store various types of minerals. One of the mineral phases that can be found in peatlands are magnetic minerals derived from volcanic eruptions. This study was used to determine concentration of magnetic minerals found in peatlands. We applied the rock magnetism method, measuring the magnetic susceptibility of peat sediments to estimate the concentration of magnetic minerals within a peat core. Bartington Magnetic Susceptibility Meter type MS2C and dual frequency MS2B types, namely 470 Hz and 4.7 k Hz. In this study we analysed the magnetic susceptibility of core Diatas REP B at depths of 0-170 m and 240-720 m. From MS2B the values of low frequency magnetic susceptibility (χ_if)and high frequency magnetic susceptibility (χ_hf) are obtained. The magnetic susceptibility values ranged from 365,2 × 10⁻⁸ m³/kg to 386,8 × 10⁻⁸ m³/kg and the value of magnetic susceptibility depends on frequency (%χ_fds) range between 0,6 % - 1,3%. These low values indicate that almost no superparamagnetic grains are present. We identified a positive peak in magnetic susceptibility 386,8 × 10⁻⁸ m³/kg at 693 cm, whereas the lowest values were messured 365,2 × 10⁻⁸ m³/kg at 675 cm. Based on the value of magnetic susceptibility, the dominant magnetic mineral phases are Hematite (Fe₂O₃) and ilmenite (FeTiO₃).

Coolant circulation in a thermal system can pass through two circulation pathways, namely natural circulation and forced circulation. Both types of circulation each have advantages and disadvantages. Forced circulation requires special equipment to be able to supply pressure at the beginning of the coolant circulation. If this special equipment fails to function, it can lead to failure of the cooling process and can be fatal to the system that is run. As with natural circulation, this circulation does not require special equipment to drain the coolant. Coolant flow naturally by utilizing different densities of coolant. For systems that work where the axial flow is in the vertical direction, there is an influence of the coolant gravity which affects the coolant flow. This study aims is to analyze how the inert gas flow patterns that occur in a thermal system that applies natural circulation, in this study the focus of the study is on the coolant with the gas phase. This research is a type of experimental research. The analysis was conducted using descriptive and numerical analysis methods. The results of the analysis have been obtained, then applied to a thermal system that applies natural convection to the gas flow. The results of the analysis and application of this study are expected to provide meaningful input for the development of coolants in thermal systems and specifically in cooling systems for gas-cooled reactors. The results of preliminary studies that have been carried out have obtained basic benchmarks that can be used as guidelines for analyzing the physical conditions of the inert gas flow in the heat system by setting some standard conditions found in thermal systems that are generally used today.

at present, the potential for sago starch has not optimally been utilized. The characteristic of this starch is the main problem in using it as industrial raw material. One of efforts to increase the added value of starch is to modify it in the form of starch nanoparticles. Therefore, finding the best and cheapest practice to produce it will a big advantage. One way to do it is by modifying the technique that has already existed. This research is aiming, first to find the best and optimal technique to produce sago starch nanoparticles by combining hydrolysis with precipitation technique and second, calculating the yield and characteristics of sago starch nanoparticles produced from this method. The result showed that hydrolysis−precipitation combination method has succeeded to produce sago starch nanoparticles. The optimum variable was 12 hours hydrolysis, precipitation by ethanol, with produced 25% yield and 21,98 nm particles size. Type of nano particle that is produced is amorf with 41% crystalline. Starch nanoparticle is utilized for reinforcing bioplastic. Eventhough, the results show a potential technique on producing sago starch nanoparticles, but there are still a lot to be done to find the best way to produce it in mass production.

The rocks on the surface of the earth have different formation process, beginning with the lava of volcanic activity that flow on the surface of the earth and then cool down forming igneous rocks. Rocks derived by volcanic eruptions contain different types of minerals than those formed by sedimentary or metamorphic processes. The aim of study was to evaluate the relation of magnetic susceptibility with the elemental composition of rock and soil around the Danau Diatas. Magnetic susceptibility was measured using Bartington susceptibility meter MS2B and the element composition has been measured by X-Ray Fluorescence. The values of magnetic susceptibility of low frequency (χlf) obtained for rock are 2332×10⁻⁸ m³/Kg, 2161,7×10⁻⁸ m³/Kg, and 2791,6×10⁻⁸ m³/Kg, while the values of magnetic susceptibility of low frequency (χlf) obtained for soils are 802,4×10⁻⁸ m³/Kg, 779,8×10⁻⁸ m³/Kg, and 58,4×10⁻⁸ m³/Kg. Rock and soil samples contain several elements such as Fe, Mn and Ti, with Fe having the highest concentration and thus the highest potential influence on their magnetic susceptibility.

NiFe2O4 nanocomposite is a soft magnetic material with low saturation coercivity and magnetization but has high electrical resistivity making this material suitable for electric field applications. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of NiFe₂O₄ composition on the electrical properties of NiFe₂O₄-PVDF nanocomposites prepared by the sol-gel method. Nickel Ferrite nanocomposites - polyvinylidene fluoride (NiFe₂O₄-PVDF) are made using the sol-gel method and then grown using a spin coating device on a glass substrate. NiFe₂O₄-PVDF nanocomposites are characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) which aims to determine the crystal system, whereas to determine the electrical properties of nanocomposite resistivity Four Point Probe are used. Based on the research conducted on the electrical properties of the NiFe₂O₄-PVDF nanocomposite, the resistivity value of the NiFe₂O₄- PVDF nanocomposite with variations in the composition of the PVDF used 10:10, 10:20, and 10:30 was 36.66913333 Ohm.m; 55,63242667 Ohm.m; and 20,85797333 (Ohm.m). While the results of the resistivity values of the nanocomposite NiFe₂O₄-PVDF with variations in the composition of NiFe₂O₄ used 10:10, 20:10, and 30:10 are 36,69613333 Ohm.m; 12.07853333 Ohm.m; and 9.616773333 (Ohm.m). It can be concluded that the greater the variation in the composition of NiFe₂O₄ and PVDF, the resistivity value decreases.

Earthquakes are natural disasters that often occur and can harm the people in West Sumatera-Indonesia. One that makes West Sumatra prone to earthquakes is due to the existence of the Sianok segment. In this segment, there was an earthquake on March 3, 2,007 with a magnitude of 6.4 MW. Therefore the writer wants to calculate the amount of potential energy in this segment and the stress local conditions that exist in this segment. The data used is secondary data sourced from the earthquake catalog of the National Earthquake Information Center U.S. Geology Survey (NEIC / USGS) with an observation period of 1992 - 2016. Earthquake data used in this paper is M > 3.5 and h ≤ 70 Km. The processing of potential energy data uses the least square statistical and the local stress analysis is seen based on the a-value and b-value processed using the maximum likelihood calculation. The results of statistical calculations performed on the Sianok segment, the potential energy size for the Sianok segment is as much as 5.3763×10²⁰ ergs since the March 2007 earthquake and the amount of the a-value and b-value in the Sianok segment is 4.51 and 0.808 ± 0.1.

Peatlands are formed from the accumulation of organic matter that originate from weathering vegetation for a long time. Minerals within peatlands can come from volcanic ash and consist of several types of minerals, one of which is magnetic minerals. This research aims to look the morphology, elemental composition and type of magnetic minerals found in the Lake Diatas peatland in Solok Regency, Indonesia because magnetic minerals have different morphologies depending on the source. The selected samples were from core DD REP B 693, which had a high magnetic susceptibility value. The magnetic minerals in the peatland were imaged and identified using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), which was equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The results of morphological analysis showed that peatland had oval-shaped minerals with fractures and are multidomainal. The Back Scattered Electron (BSE) images show that the minerals have a bright colored surface that indicates the presence of a high amount of Fe. The EDS results showed that magnetic minerals from the peatland predominately contain the elements Fe, Ti, Si, and O. Based on the relative proportions of these elements, the magnetic minerals that can be formed in peatland are Magnetite (Fe₃0₄) and Ilminite (FeTiO₃)

The development of nanoparticles magnetite in the world of research is now very rapid, The purpose of this research was to made Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as microwave absorbent material. The Fe₃O₄ used in this study is magnetic oxide derived from nature in the form of iron sand. Tiram Beach one of the beaches in West Sumatera that contains iron sand exactly at Padang Pariaman District, Sumatera Barat. Nanoparticles Fe₃O₄ were made using the Higt Energy Milling Ellips-3 Dimenssion (HEM-E3D) method, with variations in milling time for 5, 15, 20, 25 and 30 hours. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles are characterized using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) to see the absorption properties of the microwaves. Analysis VNA result showed that the maximum value of reflection loss obtained in the samples milling 15 hours of -14.775 dB at a frequency of 11.700 GHz.

Volcanic ash is dispersed into the air when an eruption occurs, whilst the magma that reaches the surface of the Earth cools to form igneous rocks before eventually breaking down to form sedimentary rocks. One of the places where the sedimentation of volcanic ash occurs following eruptions are peatlands. This study aims to determine the type of magnetic minerals contained in the peat at Lake Diatas. The identity of the magnetic minerals was determined using the X-Ray Diffraction method. The samples used in this study are taken based on depth of the peat core where a value of magnetic susceptibility had been measured previously. The results of the x-ray diffraction analysis for each sample obtained are the diffraction angle (2θ), distance between fields (d_hkl), diffraction intensity (I) and relative intensity. Data from this measurement are then compared with magnetic mineral data bases in order to identify the identity of the magnetic minerals within the peat. Analysis of the results obtained using X-Ray Diffraction indicate the identity of the magnetic minerals in the peat samples at Lake Diatas. The dominant type of magnetic mineral is magnetite (Fe₃O₄), along with othermagnetic mineralssuch as hematite. Magnetite diffracts at 18.3773°, 30.9888°, 31.5036°, 53.6169°, 65.7656°, 78.6261°, hematite at 65.9474°, 75.1103°, 78.8619°, while non-magnetic minerals such as quartz diffracts at 28.0575°, 28.2029°, 52.4150°.

A low level of hemoglobin is one of the health and fitness issues often experienced by anyone including students. If a student experiences a disorder of Hemoglobin levels, his physical fitness will be affected. The study aims to examine the effect of jogging exercise to improve students' hemoglobin levels. A quasi-experiment method was employed in this study. The population of this study is a group of students of the Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Padang. The samples of this study were 20 students obtanined by purposive sampling technique. The data of hemoglobin levels were measured by the cyanmethemoglobin method. Jogging exercises were carried out 18 times with a frequency of 3 times a week. The results of the study were analyzed statistically using a comparison test (t-test) at a significance level (α) of 5%. The results of this study indicated that the average of hemoglobin level of respondents before being treated was 14.18, while after being given treatment, it was 15.66. This means that there is a significant effect of jogging exercise on increasing students' haemoglobin level (Hb), with value of t_observed (3.80) > t_table (1.73).

The purpose of this research is to develop a digital Vertical Jump measuring instrument. This is because so far there are often errors in data collection related to the ability of leg muscle explosive power that is done conventionally. Resulting in a conclusion that is less valid. And therefore it is necessary to develop an instrument based on digital leg muscle power that is effective in its use and is economically efficient. This research is a development study with a design model adapted from Borg & Gall. Samples of Faculty of Sport Science (FIK) students of Padang State University, amounting to 10 people for small groups and 40 people for large groups, and 6 experts as validators as a validation tool. Data was collected using a questionnaire and trial tool. Through the validity of the product moment test and the reliability test, Test and Retest. The process of developing and testing this tool was carried out with the validation of experts by using a questionnaire as an instrument of validation and the results obtained an average percentage of 91%, the results of small group trials obtained a correlation level of 0.98 and the reliability test with direct trials of 0, 99 with the category of reliability is very strong.

Landslides are the frequent disaster in the wavy topography zone, such as Sungai Lasi Solok. Landslide disaster was difficult to predict. Based on these conditions, we need to do the research. The aims of the research were to find out the characteristic of landslide slip surface at Sungai Lasi Solok base on Geoelectric Data. Data were collected by Automatic Resistivity Multi-electrode using Resistivity Geoelectric Method with Schlumberger configuration. The interpretation of the Geoelectric data was used Two Dimensions Least-Square Inversion Method. Characteristics of the landslide such as were estimated by Trigonometry theory in order to get both the angle and the depth of landslide slip surface. The results of the research are both the angle and the depth of the slip surface is 40 degrees and 14 meters.

Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) membrane as cholesterol absorbing have succesfull synthesized. MIP membrane can absorb cholesterol molecules because have cavite (pore) and active groups that are selective and sensitive to cholesterol molecules. MIP membranes synthesized from methacrylic acid monomer, cross-linker ethylene glycol dimethacrilate (EGDMA), initiator of the 2-2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone (DMPP) and cholesterol as a template. MIP membranes are synthesized using photopolynerization irradiated with UV light (UV). Results obtained in the form of leaflets and transparent membrane can be characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The results obtained by FTIR spectrum showed that the characterization of infrared spectra of MIP membrane-extraction did not reveal any peak absorption by the OH group, whereas MIP-Re-extraction contained absorption peaks in the area of 3540.58 cm-1. This indicates that the MIP membrane selective and sensitive to analyte. Based on the optimum absorption of MIP-cholesterol membrane can absorb the cholesterol molecules in the amount of 0.06 grams of cholesterol composition with a time of 30 minutes and a pH of 8. The average cholesterol absorption MIP membranes-cholesterol in the blood 0.5782mg/dL.

The purpose of this study is to develop a digital-based Sit-Up Test instrument that is effective in use and is efficient in economic terms. This research is a development research with a model design adapted from Borg & Gall. With a population and sample of students of the Faculty of Sport Sciences, Padang State University, amounting to 10 people for small groups and 45 people for large groups, and 5 experts as validators for testing tools. validation. Data was collected using questionnaires and tool trials. Through the test of produck moment validity and reliability test of Test and Retest. The process of development and trial of this tool is done by validating experts by using questionnaires as an instrument of validation and obtained an average percentage of 96%, the results of small group trials obtained a correlation level of 0.99 and reliability tests with direct trials of 0,92 with a very strong reliability category

TiO₂ thin layer on ceramic with dip coating method and photocatalyst activity test in humic acid. One of the photocatalysts used for the degradation of humic acid is TiO₂ because TiO₂ has several advantages, including non-toxic, stable, high activity, relatively inexpensive and environmentally friendly. This study was performed using TTIP as a precursor and MEA as an additive in isopropanol. Addition of MEA influences the stability of the titanium oxane solution. Ceramics were coated in a 0.5 M TiO₂ solution by a dip coating method, then dried in an oven at 110°C for 10 minutes and difugeice at 400 ° C for 2 hours. Maximum degradation of 0.5 M TiO₂ is 59.94% over 24 hours using 8 watt fluorescent lamps with 4 TiO₂ coatings on ceramic.

Landslides that often occur in the Malalak sub-district are very detrimental to the community. Landslides in the Malalak sub-district have caused casualties and the closure of the Malalak road segment. According to studies that have been carried out factors that influence the occurrence of landslides are slope, skid field, rock structure and external factors such as rain and earthquake intensity. Rock structures of landslide-prone areas are urgently needed which will be used as reference data to predict potential landslides. This research aimed to estimate the structure of the rock as a reference or supporting data to determine the potential for landslides in the Malalak. The method used in this study is the Schlumberger configuration Resistivity Geoelectric Method. Based on the estimated structure of the rocks in the Malalak region, the rock types in the area consist of Clay, Sandstone, Limestone, Andesite, and Granite.

Indonesian archipelago is one of the areas that often experiences earthquakes, this is because Indonesia is located between four plates that move together. One area in Indonesia that is prone to earthquakes is West Sumatra, because West Sumatra is in the vicinity of the active zone. The earthquake that occurred in West Sumatra in the period 2000-2019 had the smallest magnitude of 4.5 SR and the largest magnitude was 7.6 SR. The earthquake in West Sumatra has a Mainshock-Aftershock seismic cycle, an earthquake that begins with a preliminary earthquake and is followed by aftershocks. The suitable method to estimate the end time of aftershocks in West Sumatra is the Utsu method.

Tectonic conditions in an area are very important to know, one of them is the Mentawai region. Mentawai is an area prone to earthquake disasters, this is because the Mentawai is located between the subduction zone between the Eurasian Plate and the Indo-Australian Plate. One of the earthquake parameters that is needed in analyzing tectonic conditions is the hypocenter. Accurate hypocenter determination can be done by relocating earthquakes using the Modified Joint Hypocenter Determination (MJHD) method. The MJHD method is carried out by inversion of the main earthquake and aftershocks with correction of the station at the earthquake event. The earthquake data in this study began on September 1, 2017, until December 31, 2018, with 1 main earthquake and 104 aftershocks in the format of arrival time. The main earthquake before the relocation is at longitude coordinates 99.85o latitude -2.6o with a depth of 12 km. After being relocated it is at coordinates 99.5413o latitude 2.5779o with a depth of 29 km. The results after the relocation were identified were fault fields occurring in the B-B cross-section 'nodal plane 2 with a strike of 141o 66o slip 92o. Earthquake relocation using the Modified Joint Hypocenter Determination (MJHD) shows a change in the Root Mean Square (RMS) value <1. This suggests that the earthquake hypocenter after relocation using the Modified Joint Hypocenter Determination (MJHD) method is more accurate.

This research was conducted using a phototransformator reactor which was used to degrade humic acid with photocatalysts of calcined CuO plates for 1 hour at 4000C. This reactor is designed in hexagonal shape made of glass with a thickness of 3 mm which has a rotation with speeds of 1000, 1500 and 2000 rpm, in this reactor filled with 200 mL of humic acid. The light source used is direct sun, the catalytic process is carried out through the process of degradation of humic acid using a reactor. The time variations used are 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours. Absorption of visible light of humic acid before and after degradation was 265 nm. The results show that in direct sunlight the highest average value of %degradation is 55.66% at a velocity of 1000 rpm

One of the photocatalysts that is being developed for the degradation of humic acid is ZnO, because it is cheap, easy to obtain and the synthesis process is easy, large size ZnO has several disadvantages such as small surface area and energy band gap which are not suitable when applied to visible light. The research developed a method of making zno in nanometer size and composting to reduce bandgap. The maximum degradation of humic acid at nano ZnO doped Cu 7% which is equal to 54.12%. Nano characterization of nano ZnO doped Cu 7% doping using XRD and DRS UV-Vis spectra was found to be 27 nm and bandgap 5.27 eV.

Doping agents that can increase the activity of TiO2 photocatalys, namely copper (II) or Cu2+ ions because copper is one of the abundant transition metal elements on earth and has Cu2+ (0,68 Å) ion radius which is close to the radius Ti4+ that is (0,74 Å) so that it can be incorporated in TiO2 crystals. Coping is done using the sol-gel method. The Cu concentration used for drying was 5% and calcined at 4000C. the results obtained were then characterized by XRD and obtained by the structure namely anatase, then the crystals were used to degrade humic acid in external light and by using variations in rotation speed and length of time of irradiation. The best reduction in absorbance was found at a rotation speed of 1500 rpm, which was 69,18 % degraded humic acids.

Ammonia analysis based on complexing ammonia with Cu²+ ions by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. This research aims to obtain uptake at the maximum wavelength of the copper-ammonia complex, optimum conditions and validation of UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The reaction between Cu²⁺ ions which are blue with ammonia colorless occur in solution to form complex compounds [Cu(NH3)4]²+ dark blue, the maximum absorbance is obtained at a wavelength of 615 nm. Optimization of the ammonia complexing the Cu²+ ions provide optimum conditions a solution of Cu²+ concentrations of 0.01 M in ammonia concentration of 0.04 M, pH 7, and the optimum time to form a complex occurred in the 30th minute and complex compounds can be stable for 90 minutes (± 1 hours 30 minutes). The analytical method validation ammonia using Cu²⁺ ions provide linear regression equation y = 4,772 x + 0.333 with R² = 0.989 ammonia concentration range of 0.003 M to 0.08 M; LOD 0.01 M; LOQ 0.04 M; % RSD = 1.32%; and% recovery = 102.03%. The concentration of ammonia in the wastewater sample application obtained the ammonia concentration of 0.04 M. Based on the results of the validation, Ammonia solution with Cu²⁺ ion as a complex used for the determination of ammonia levels by UV-Vis spectrophotometry.

21st century learning plays an important role in producing quality human resources, in order to have global competitiveness. Among the competencies students must have is new literacy, as an extension of scientific literacy that has been proclaimed by the previous government. New literacy includes data literacy, technology literacy and human literacy. Besides that, students also need to have disaster literacy, because Indonesia is located in an area prone to disasters. This study aims to determine the scientific literacy (conceptual understanding) of students, and knowing the extent of integrating new literacy and disaster literacy into learning in schools. The type of research conducted is survey research. The instruments used were concept tests, learning observation sheets, interview guides for teachers, and textbook analysis sheets. The concept test was given to 78 class XI students from three different schools, and interviews were conducted with 3 physics teachers in the three schools. Book analysis was performed on 5 physics textbooks that are widely used in schools. Data are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results showed that learning in schools is still traditional or teacher-centered learning. The integration of new literacy and disaster literacy in the learning process and textbooks used is still low. Understanding of student concepts is also low and misconceptions occur. Therefore, the recommendation from this preliminary study is the need to develop physics teaching materials that integrate new literacy and disaster literacy, and can improve students' understanding of concepts according to the demands of the 21st century.

This research aims to develop a connected Massive Open Online Course (cMOOCs) based on multimedia for thermodynamics subject to improve students' self-directed learning outcomes. Self-directed learning is for students to improve skill, gain achievement and knowledge, or self development and taken by self effort with any methods in any situation; ability to determine a learning goal, take an action to achieve that goal and evaluate learning effectivity of learning and learning outcomes. cMOOCs is an open online course that is free for many users to participate. This research subject is Thermodynamics related to heat and calor, temperature, thermodynamics laws, and energy exchange. This research method used ADDIE model with the following steps: Analyzing, Designing, Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating. Research was conducted in Physics education departement, State University of Jakarta for six months, started from October 2018 until April 2019. Students' self-directed learning outcomes improvement test was conducted by pre-test and post-test in two classes (class A and class B) with n-gain result of class A by 0.75 (high) and class B by 0.34 (medium). Results of validation test showed score 93.33% for material validation, 92.59% for media validation, and 92.60% for learning validation. It can be concluded that developed cMOOCs can improve students' self-directed learning outcomes.

Physics lab textbook are guides that can help students in physics practice. According to the 2013 curriculum, physics learning requires students to develop 21st century skills, namely Learning and Innovation Skills. One of the learning models in accordance with the demands of this curriculum is Project Based Learning. Through this learning model, students can develop their skills in critical thinking, creative, collaboration and able to communicate to design experiments to produce products in physics practice. Through physics practicum, students should be able to develop scientific skills. The reality was found out, there was still a lack of physics practicum teaching materials, so physics was studied only theoretically. The study goals are to survey the analysis of the needs of teaching materials in schools that are needed in physics practical. This type of the research is analysis descriptive. The instruments research consist of questionnaires and observation sheet. The result of this study prove that it is necessary to develop teaching materials in the form of practical teaching book based on the Project Based Learning model to improve students scientific skill.

Often devastating earthquake struck West Sumatra that have implications for the sustainability of the community. People who do not know the circumstances of how earthquake will aggravate the situation, because the earthquake was a natural disaster but could not be predicted. Communities should be given the socialization and education to reduce the risk caused by the earthquake. Socialization and education about earthquake disaster can be implemented in education institution. The purpose of this study to determine the response of students to the earthquake as the study of the early development of the electronic book. The method used in the study was descriptive method with data collection instruments that is questionnaire learners. The result of questionnaire analysis of students at SMAN 4 Padang obtained information that the interest of students to learn physics, the attention of the students to learn physics, the use of electronic books in the learning process of physics, and leaning through ICT, as well as the responses of learners to disasters earthquake in learning physics is still not optimal. This can be seen from the analysis of the physics learning process questionnaire and student's response to the earthquake disaster in physics leraning are at simply criteria. Based on the results of questionnaire analysis show that the need to develop an electronic book school physics.

The curriculum 2013 (K-13) requires all subjects to contribute to the formation of attitudes, knowledge, and skills. One of the subjects in Junior High School that contributes to this is integrated science. The integrated science phenomenon is generally abstract, so science is a subject that is not easy to learn. Based on this phenomenon, a student worksheets integrated science is needed that can implement and integrate various concepts that have been found as expected in 21st century of learning. The 21st century of learning is learning that integrates literacy skills, knowledge skills, skills and attitudes and mastery of technology. The preliminary study is to conduct a material analysis to determine the needs of students in developing a student worksheets integrated science. Based on the analysis of the preliminary study, it can be concluded that the theme of energy in life using an integrated type of 21st century of learning to stimulate students to apply and integrate various concepts in 21st century of learning

This research is motivated by the demands of 2013 curriculum in government regulation of education and culture No. 22 of 2016 which requires the educators to design lesson plans and prepare media which suitable with the characteristics of 21st century learning. 21st century learning is learning that integrates literacy, knowledge, skills and attitudes which encourage students to think critically in problem solving, communicative, creative and collaborative (4C) through religious attitudes, cooperation, mutual cooperation, integrity and nationalism, so that the students will have high-level of thinking skills (HOTS). However, the reality in the field found in the preliminary study, the achievement of learning quality is still far from what is expected, it can be seen from the analysis of the Integrated Science LKPD used by students which is still not optimal in facing the challenges of the 21st century. The aim of this study is to analyze learning media in the development of Integrated Science LKPD with the theme of motion in life using integrated connected type 21^st century learning. This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The sample of this study was the students of Junior High School 1 Lubuk Alung. The data used were primary data from interviews and questionnaires. The results of this study are the LKPD used by the school is still not suitable for the 21st century education character (4C). it can be seen from the science LKPD used by the students has not shown the critical thinking skills in solving problems which help them to improve the ability of higher order thinking skill (HOTS), and it also cannot fully help the students to express their conceptual and practical creative ideas.

Sarasah Kajai Waterfall is one of the potential of West Pasaman natural tourism that has been visited by tourists only to enjoy its beauty, even though this tourism are contains many physics concepts that can be used as learning resources for example potential energy. This advantage was not be used by teachers yet to make physics learning more interesting by observing the nature phenomenon directly. Unsuitable teaching materials would make students difficult to understand physics concepts. Therefore, a preliminary analysis of the characteristics of the students, regional potential, teacher competence and teaching material was carried out. This research use Plomp's Development Model. Data were taken by using questionnaires and interviews teachers and students of SMAN 1 Pasaman and SMAN 2 Pasaman. Preliminary analysis showed that students prefer learning in nature using digital teaching materials. This is used as the basic for the development of digital teaching materials (e-books) based on edupark Sarasah Kajai waterfall as a learning resource in understanding physics concepts Works and Energy.

21st Century Learning is learning that integrates literacy skills, knowledge skills, skills and attitudes, and mastery of ICT technology. Teacher professional competency demands on 21st Century learning must have the skills to be a model of how to learn and work by demonstrating proficiency in technology and transferring knowledge to technology, and collaborating with students and colleagues in using various relevant tools and resources to drive the success of technological mastery innovation. To face the challenges of the 21st Century, Integrated Science interactive media should be able to describe the skills expected in 21st Century learning. The preliminary study carried out aims to analyze the basis in the design of interactive science media integrated with the theme of energy in integrated type life of integrated learning in the 21st century. Research will be conducted using descriptive type research and qualitative approaches. In this study the researchers chose a sample of students at SMPN 11 Padang. Data through questionnaires and interview sheets are primary data that will be used in this research. The results of the analysis state that learning media are needed to help students possess critical thinking skills integrated in 21st century learning.

"Alam takambang jadi guru" is a Minangkabau philosophy that is suitable implemented in the learning process. Nature tourism in Indonesia is very supportive for the implementation of contextual physics learning, one of which is Bukik Chinangkiek Edupark. Bukik Chinangkiek has natural conditions and rides related to physics for example rotational dynamics but it has not been utilized in physics learning. This study aimed to analyze the potential of Bukik Chinangkiek as an edupark-based learning resource for physics. Analysis was carried out with the Plomp development model at the preliminary analysis phase. The data of this study were obtained from questionnaires and interviews along with teachers and students in high schools throughout X Koto Singkarak Subdistrict, while concepts relevant to physics subject matter were obtained from direct observation of Bukik Chinangkiek Edupark. The technique of data analysis was descriptive percentages. Analysis shows that learning physics has not been integrated into the surrounding natural environment so students have not understood the concept of contextual physics and most students tend to use IT in learning. The results of this study is intended to be used as the basis for developing digital book of edupark (e-book) for high school.

West Sumatra is a potentially large flood area, where the city of Padang is one of the cities in West Sumatra that has a number of sub-districts with high flood vulnerability. To reduce the risk of flooding that occurs in Padang required a good level of preparedness from the community in facing flood disasters. Preparedness faces the problem of flooding can be improved through education in schools. The aim of this research to describe the extent to which students' preparedness in facing flood disasters and the results of research analysis will be a reference in the development of the High School Physics e-book with flood theme. The method used in the research is descriptive method with collecting data in the form of student questionnaires consist of five indicators of flood disaster preparedness. The results of the analysis show that the level of preparedness of students in facing floods is relatively low. These results indicate that the development of the high school Physics e-book flood theme needs to be done.

Interactive Media could make effective learning, efficient learning, and easy understanding for the students. We need the interactive media development for integrated natural science that reflects the expected capabilities to face the challenges of the 21^st century. The study is aimed to analyze the interactive media development for integrated natural science by a motion theme in life using integrated learning connected type in the 21^st century. A preliminary study conducted a curriculum analysis to know the requirement of developing interactive media. The result is there are still shortcomings using that media to support the students in the learning process. We have a conclusion that analysis of the interactive media development for integrated natural science by the motion themes in life using integrated connected type in the 21^st century learning is so required to support the students to learn and to spur learners to have 21st century skills.

This Meta-analysis aims to summarize the research results related to the development of authentic assessment instruments in measuring the learning outcomes that have been done before. Based on the analysis from the background of several journals that have been selected, the biggest problem lies in the less active learning process from the communication to the assumption of the learners on the learning of physics that only study Count with definite results without knowing the usefulness of science in technology development. In addition, the teacher's difficulties in creating, executing, and analyzing authentic assessments led to the teacher being more likely to assess cognitive aspect assessment and override other aspects of judgment. Based on the problem, one of them is to develop an authentic assessment instrument that able to measure learning outcomes according to the needs of learners. Summary of meta-analyses using a descriptive survey method. Based on the analysis done, the assessment aspect of attitudes and skills is more dominant than the cognitive assessment aspect. In addition, analysis results show that not all researchers have tested the level of reliability, effectiveness, practicality, assessment implementation, and student response. It depends on the development method used. Based on all the final results of the journal, the instrument is developed in criteria worthy of use in the school in measuring the outcome of SMA/MA physics.

Along with the development of information and communication technology in the 21^st century, it is expected that there will be a change in the way of delivery in the integrated science learning process. One of the characteristics of 21^st century learning is the function of the teacher as a facilitator for students and the presence of multi-directional interactions using various contextual learning resources including the use of ICT. But often the teacher becomes the centre of the learning and there is no use of technology that allows multi-way interaction. The research that will be done supports 21^st century learning, which focuses on the use of information technology by developing interactive media. The research method used is qualitative descriptive research method using a preliminary study in the form of material analysis to determine the need in developing interactive media. This research was done in class VIII Kampar 1 junior high school. The purpose of this study was to find out the analysis of student and analysis of the interactive media development grade VIII integrated science with simple machine themes on human muscular and skeleton system using connected types integrated 21^st century learning. From the result of research on student analysis and learning media, it was concluded that students have a high interest in integrated science learning and the ability to use ICT is quite high. Development of learning media needs to be done so that the quality of content from the media can support the quality of learning so that integrated science learning goals can be achieved well.

Physics learning is part of natural science lessons to develop the ability to understand concepts, principles, and laws in solving problems related to natural events. STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) is a new approach in the development of the world of education that integrates more than one scientific discipline. Development of teaching materials physics handouts using the STEM approach developed are assumed by integrating the four components of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics that are able to produce students'thinking activities that are useful to help raise students' critical thinking characterized by problem solving, decision making, analyzing assumptions, evaluating, and conducting investigations to overcome the problems of learning Physics of students. This research is a descriptive study conducted through direct observation at Senior High School (SMAN 4 Padang). The research sample was students of 11^th grade. The instruments used were questionnaires and interview sheets. Needs analysis of physics handouts based on the STEM approach includes analysis of students, analysis of teaching materials and analysis of learning activities. Based on data analysis of material teaching using the Likert scale, the results obtained 62.83%. Therefore need to be developed in the form of STEM-based physics handouts for 11^th grade of senior high school

As an archipelago country, Indonesia has many beach lines which are the fourth-longest in the world, and in fact, the coastal areas had damaged by some natural phenomena, such as abrasion. One of the available strategies which would give an understanding of abrasion is integrating this disaster knowledge in a certain lesson at school. Physics is one of the subjects which is suitable to give understanding about abrasion. This is because physics includes various disaster phenomena. The effort to do this is achieved by an e-book. Developing a physics e-book with abrasion theme, it is necessary to analyse the student's knowledge about abrasion. This study used the descriptive method, and the subjects are those who live near a coastal area, Senior High School 1 Nan Sabaris students. Samples were selected by random sampling techniques. The student's prior knowledge was tested by a questionnaire that consisted of eleven questions. From the analysis, it can be said that student's prior knowledge about abrasion can be categorized as a low level, in the C rate (Enough). This result shows that the physics e-book using abrasion theme need to be developed.

Purpose of curriculum 2013 is to demand actif and independent student in learning. One effort that can be done by teacher is to make an e-modul. By combining technology into the module, it is expected to be able make student more motivated to study physics. In addition, curriculum 2013 also provides opportunities for student to learn through culture. One way to do this is by presenting learning resources (e-modules) with scientific knowledge that is integrated with the surrounding culture or ethnosciens. This research is a descriptive research. Data collection techniques were carried out using interviews and questionnaires. Based on the result of the analysis, it is necessary to develop an e-physics module integrated ethnosciense.

One of the efforts to achieve 21^st century skills in learning of physics, student worksheet with the inquiry based learning model that can improve creative thinking skills. Reality in the field still finds learning in schools that have not achieved one of the 21^st century skills expected in learning of physics. The aim of this research is to obtain results of the preliminary analysis which became the basis to develop Student Worksheet. Participant of this study were physics teachers and students from several high schools in Padang. Preliminary analysis to develop student worksheet includes Teacher Reform Analysis, Learning Difficulty Analysis and Student Characteristics Analysis by retrieving data obtained through observation sheets and interviews. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. The result show the student worksheet developing by teacher has not been able to achieve 21st century skills in learning of physics.

Curriculum-2013 was developed by perfecting critical learning patterns. The implementation of learning, including Physics, needs to emphasize the process of developing students attitudes, knowledge and skills through various approaches, such as STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) that integrates four scientific disciplines. Through STEM, students are expected to have skills to think critically, creatively, innovatively, and be able to communicate and collaborate. Furthermore, books as teaching materials and learning resources are seen as important in determining the success of physics learning. A preliminary analysis was conducted at SMAN 1 Luhak Nan Duo and SMAN 2 Pasaman about the characteristics of students, teacher competencies and student books. This Analysis uses the Plomp's Development Model. Data is taken from results of questionnaires and interviews with teachers and students. It shows that teachers have not used books based on STEM yet, only use common textbooks and worksheets. Some teachers still use lecture method so that students have not received learning that guides them to think critically. Students are less interested in reading and have difficulty understanding Physics concepts from textbooks. This is used as the basis to developing student books based on the STEM approach to improve critical thinking skills.

Learning media is a very important learning component who use by teachers and students in the learning. The development of information, communication and technology have big contributed for teachers to develop learning media as needed by students in learning. The purpose of the research is to analyze the media used by students in high school physics learning and to determine the right media in the development of flood-themed teaching materials. This research method is descriptive qualitative approach. Descriptive method is a method used to examine the condition of the natural objective. To obtain research data used questionnaire instrument. Instrument for retrieving data in the form of a questionnaire for analysis of learning media filled in by students. Analysis results from quality of content and purpose are in good criteria with a percentage value of 72, Quality of Learning are in good criteria with a percentage value of 76, technical quality are in good criteria with a percentage value of 78, and electronic-based learning media are in good criteria with a percentage value of 78. The result of the study showed that the use of learning media based on electronic can be used in physics learning and develop flood-themed teaching materials based on electronic.

The era of Industrial Revolution 4.0 is an era where human life is always related to technology, including in the field of education. Every teacher is required to be adept at using information technology in the implementation of learning. One example of the use of technology by teachers is the use of electronic teaching materials. In addition to the use of technology, teachers also associate learning material with the Qur'an. So that students can understand learning not only from physical theory, but also from Islamic studies. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the teaching materials used by the teacher in conducting learning in school. This research is a descriptive research. The method used is in the form of interviews and questionnaires for physics subject teachers and students. The results of the study show that the teaching materials used are still in the form of printed textbooks that are sold on the market and printed modules prepared by the teacher. The modules compiled by the teacher have not yet used the learning model so that they have not been able to guide students to be able to learn independently from the module. The module also has not linked physics, material with the insights of the Qur'an. So it is necessary to develop a guided inquiry-based physics e-module integrated in the Qur'an

Teaching materials can help teachers in-class learning activities because they are composed of learning components and learning materials for students. Student Worksheets (LAPD) Based on Project Based Learning (PjBL) Models in High School X Physics Learning. This research was conducted at Class X High School. The instruments in the form of interviews, questionnaires and observations used a Likert scale. Development of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) based LAPD compiled using the Plomp model. The Arduino Uno microcontroller media development model uses the ADDIE model. LAPD has a category of very validity, practical and effective. Based on the above needs analysis needs the development of Student Worksheets Based on Project Based Learning (PjBL) Models in Senior High School Physics Learning X.

Today's technology is developing very rapidly, marked by many latest sophisticated inventions in various fields, including in the educations sector. The application of technology in the education field is found by electronic-based learning media such as the E-module. However, the existing E-module has been not able to guide a student to find physics concepts and according to the needs and conditions of students. So, it's necessary to develop a guided inquiry-based e-module integrated ethnoscience that fits with the needs and conditions of students. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The result of media analysis, guided inquiry-based E-module are needed that suitable the needs and conditions of students.

Industry 4.0 Revolution is an era in human life that is developing at this time, where in this era human life is oriented to technology. Mastery of technology today is a challenge for humans to make life easier. In this era also more human resources will be replaced by machines and technology. The industrial revolution 4.0 also influenced the education sector, for example in the development of teaching materials. Teaching material is one of the learning resources that can help students in the learning process so as to improve the competency of students. The teaching materials needed must lead to the development of technology that can facilitate students in learning. One example of teaching materials that are currently developing is the e-module. E-modules can help students understand physical concepts. It is hoped that with the help of physics guided E-module based on Guided Inquiry can improve the critical thinking skills of students in understanding physics. The ability to think critically is one of the characteristics of the 4.0 industrial revolution in education. The purpose of this study is to identify the critical thinking skills of high school students with the help of e-module based on Guided Inquiry. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with an instrument in the form of an observation questionnaire given to students and educators. Based on the results of observations given there are teaching materials that have not been oriented to the critical thinking skills of students. Therefore it is necessary to do an analysis in the development of physics guided e-module based on Guided Inquiry to improve the critical thinking skills of high school students.

This study aimed to determine the effect of the use (LKS) on the achievement of physical competence of learners. Its influence will be examined from several journals. This study used meta-analysis. Research shows that the use of meta-analysis LKS towards the achievement of more effective learners. The results showed the effect of size on the achievement of students with rigorous of several journals in the effect size obtained is average. It can be proved that the LKS can provide a considerable influence on the achievement of competence of learners.

The curriculum 2013 sets learning using resources which to be orientated toward potentials and uniqueness in each region. Learning resources that discuss the potential and uniqueness of the area called the education park (edupark). One of edupark in Sijunjung Regency that can be integrated with learning is The National Geopark of Ranah Minang Silokek of Sijunjung area which is still used as an edupark. The use of geopark can be used as an edupark that is integrated with current technological advances. Based on the need for learning resources there, a preliminary analysis will be done to each science material at the school by using Plomp development research. The data of research uses interviews and questionnaires based on learning parameters, learning resources, students' and environments' characteristics then the description of potential attractions that support it among them are waves, light, and sound. Based on the results of preliminary research conducted, it was found that students were interested in learning involving the media.

Physics learning is learning to emphasizes giving direct experience to students to foster the ability to think, work and be scientific, and communicate. In this case, physics learning by STEM approach can equip the skills needed by students. STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) approach provides training for students to be able to integrate Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in physics learning. In addition, the need for effective learning tools in helping students to build their knowledge independently. One effective learning tool is student books. However, there are still books on physics students who have not used the STEM approach. This study aims to analyze the needs of physics student books based on the STEM approach. This research is a descriptive study carried out through direct observation at senior high school (SMA N 4 Padang), with a sample of research is students of 11^th grade. Needs analysis of physics student books includes analysis of students, analysis of teaching materials, and analysis of learning activities, with questionnaires and interview sheets. Based on descriptive data analysis of material teaching, the result obtained 73.8. Therefore need to be developed a physics book based on the STEM approach.

This study aims to analyze the use of E-MODUL based on research based learning on student learning outcomes. The method of this study is a meta-analysis with a sample of 10 articles in national journals. Research meta-analysis shows that the effect of using E-MODUL based on reasear based learning on student learning outcomes is more effective. The results showed that the effect size on the effect of learning outcomes was carried out on 10 national journal samples categorized as medium. This means that the influence of the use of E-MODULES can improve student learning outcomes greater than using conventional learning.

The teacher's books that is used has not yet been based on an inspirational learning model so the learning process is not carried out contextually and scientifically. The impact on students competency was low. The solution to improve student competency was develop a research-based teacher book in science learning subject at Junior High School. To develop a research-based teacher book, a preliminary study was conducted. The researchs using descriptive methods. The researchs subject is the teacher on science lesson junior high school. The research respondents is science teacher on junior high school, Padang. The research instrument is observation sheets, questionnaires and interview guides. The data analysis technique used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The results showed that the analysis of the graduate competency standards was in the less category, the analysis of the learning prosess standard was in the less category, the analysis of learning assesment was in the less category, the analysis of learning difficulties was in the very less category, and the analysis model and learning approach was in the less category.

The ability of students to think creatively in finding solutions to a problem is important in learning physics. However, teaching materials that used in school have not integrated learning model that can enhance students' creative thinking abilities. The solution to improve students' creative thinking skills is to develop worksheet using the Creative Problem-based Learning (CPBL) model in physics learning on Senior High School. To develop the worksheet, a preliminary study was conducted. This study used a descriptive method with the subjects of physics teacher in Senior High School at Padang. The instruments used are in the questionnaires and interview guidelines. Analyzing of the data is using descriptive analysis. The results showed that the performance analysis and the level of difficulty in learning were in the less category, and the student's creative thinking abilities in physics learning were in the very less category

The 21st century sign by the development of science and technology rapidly. In this century, all information can be accessed easily any time and anywhere. Physics learning in the 21st century should be able to take advantage fully of technology development. Unfortunately, the using of technology in physics learning activities was not going well. In fact, the printed teaching materials still used in learning. These teaching materials can only be used by students during Physics learning activities in the classroom. This cause the learning objectives have not reach fully. Module is one of teaching materials that can help student to study independently. Therefore it is necessary to develop module that is integrated with technology. The purpose of this study is to describe the physics learning condition include performance, graduation standard, learning difficulties and student characteristic. This research is descriptive qualitative research by processing data using descriptive statistic. The sample of this research were students and teachers form two senior high school in Padang. The data collected using questionnaires and interview sheet. The result of this research is development of electronic module using inquiry-based learning model for physic learning in 21st century needs to be done.

The practice of learning at schools supposed to be centered on the student, collaborative, contextual, and integrated with student's lives in the community. Facts that occur in schools, students have not fully the center of the learning process. Physics learning has been associated with real-life but yet can be solving physics problems that vary in daily life. It causes a lack of competence of knowledge, attitudes, and skills of students in learning Physics. Therefore, the student's worksheet that can help students in the learning process is needed. Student Worksheets with a multi-representation Approach can be used to help students on solving vary physics problems in daily life. The purpose of this study was to find out the preliminary analysis in the development of student worksheets with a multi-representation approach in 11^th-grade physics subjects in the first semester. The preliminary analysis carried out in this study was the needs of analysis, student characteristics analysis, learning material analysis, and assignment analysis. Instruments used were questionnaire sheets and interview guideline sheets. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research with research samples who are students of SMA N 15 Padang and SMA N 9 Padang. This research has descriptive data as a result.

Science learning in 21st century learning should be students-centered by emphasizing the direct experience of students be able to develop competencies and the ability to think. This requires students ability to be able apply the scientific method in finding knowledge based on the steps of science process skills. However, in reality students still haven't been able to independently acquire knowledge by applying scientific methods, because learning process still not fully student-centered. Based on that problems, we need students worksheet that able to improve the attitude, knowledge and skills competencies of students. Student worksheets developed using approaches that could make students focus on developing their competence abilities. An introductory study was needed as a basis for designing the development of the students worksheet. The purpose of this study is to describe physics learning, teaching materials used in learning and the characteristics of students, which become preliminary studies to design the development of interactive student worksheets using the approach of science process skills. This research is a descriptive study, with sample are physics teachers and grade X students of two high schools in Padang. The instruments used consisted of student questionnaire, student needs analysis sheets and interview guide.

Physics learning emphasizes the giving of direct experience to students to foster the ability to think critical, creative, innovative, collaborative, and communicative. However, students are still difficult to understand and find the concept of physics, because learning is not yet fully centered on students, the existing teaching materials in the form student worksheets of are not interactive and the learning model has not been implemented optimally. This study aims to conduct an initial analysis of interactive student worksheet using the inquiry based learning model. This research is a descriptive study carried out through direct observation at senior high school (SMA N 15 Padang) with a sample of research is students of grade 10th. The initial analysis of the development of interactive student worksheet includes analysis of students, analysis of teaching materials, media analysis, and analysis of learning activities with instruments in the form of questionnaires and interviews. Based on the analysis of the data from the teaching materials obtained results of 65.8 and media analysis obtained results of 62.4. Therefore, it is necessary to develop interactive student worksheet using the inquiry based learning model for grade 10th senior high school.

The practicum module is a learning resource with complete and stand alone units arranged to help students achieve their learning go independently. 21st Century L changes changes the teacher centered learning approach to student centered learning approach. One of the learning models that are appropriate for this change is Project Based Learning. Through this learning model, students can develop their skills in critical thinking, creative, collaborate, and communicate design experiments to produce products in physics practice. Through physics practice should be able to develop scientific skills of students. The reality that is encountered, there is still a lack of physics practicum modules, so students are not able to independently carry out Physics Physics. This study aims to survey the analysis of the need for teaching materials in schools needed in physics practice. This type of research is quantitative descriptive. The data taken in this study were obtained from interviews with teachers and students with direct observation. The research instrument consists of a questionnaire and observation sheet. The results of this study prove that it is necessary to develop teaching materials in the form of practical textbooks based on project based learning models to improve students' scientific skills.

The changes in curriculum and information technology bring the integration of technology and education as well. In education today, a learning process is not restricting to traditional one way face-to-face classroom interaction, but also to an online learning environment. The online learning environment requires proper e-learning media that can be accessed anywhere and anytime. This research developed e-learning media to improve the high school student's science literacy. This research conducted Research and Development methods with ADDIE approach which consist of five steps; analyse, design, develop, implement and evaluation. The e-learning media was validated by several experts. Results of validation test showed score 85,13% for media validation, 80% for material validation, and 81,04% for learning validation. The result of this research, 25 items of this instrument were valid from 50 items by using product moment validation test and the reliability test result 1,02 by using Alpha Cronbach. The media also passed the product usability evaluation by students and teachers. The results show that the develop of e-learning media can improve students' science literacy skill with N-Gain test score 0,57. Based on table of criteria N-Gain, e-learning media can improve students' science literacy skill in the medium category.

Apply CTL for learning media in the form of Flip Books. This research was conducted at SMAN 2 Bekasi from April to May 2019 as the field-testing phase which used Physics Flip Book media. The method of learning model ADDIE including the stages to develop this model. The Physics Flip Book display used the Kvisoft Flip Book Marker 3.6.1 software whose content is supported by several software, such as Camtasia 2018, Movie Maker and PDF. Results of validation test showed score 82.0% for material validation, 82.8% for media validation, and 81.20% for learning validation. The result of this research, 10 of 25 items were valid by using product moment validation test, 0.74 for the reliability test result by using Alpha Cronbach and 0.52 for the Flip Book effectiveness by using N-gain test. The results showed that using CTL-based Flip Books can improve physics problem solving skills in students.

A large earthquake has occurred several times in the area of West Sumatra. At present, the potential for earthquakes still threatens the area of West Sumatra. The risk of earthquake disaster can be minimized by mitigating disasters. Mitigation is an effort made to reduce and minimize the consequences of disasters, which include preparedness, alertness and ability. The integration of earthquake disaster material with teaching materials is one of the effective steps in disaster mitigation efforts in the education field. One of the right teaching materials to use in the modern and technologically advanced era is electronic book (e-book). The purpose of this study was to determine the preparedness of students facing earthquake disasters as a preliminary study for the development of high school physics e-book on the theme of earthquakes. This research uses a descriptive method. The study subjects were SMAN 1 Sawahlunto students. The data of the study are primary data obtained from questionnaires using the Likert scale. This study indicates that it is necessary to develop physics e-book on earthquake themes to improve students' preparedness in facing earthquake disasters.

This research is motivated by the low student learning outcomes of science in magnet topic. To improve student learning outcomes on magnet topic, the application of a model that has accommodated the principles of learning at the elementary school level is needed. The model in question is PTPS. The purpose of this study was to see the effect of the PTPS learning model in improving students' science learning outcomes on magnet topic. This type of research is quasi-experimental, with a sample of all class VI students enrolled in SDN 12 Nan Sabaris in the 2018/2019 school year. The sampling technique is purposive sampling, and data analysis techniques used a paired sample t-test. Based on the results of data analysis it can be concluded that there are significant differences in learning outcomes between before using the PTPS model and after the use of the PTPS model.

The 2013 curriculum was revised with the aim of improving character education and mastery of 21st century skills. One of the skills needed in the 21st century is critical and creative. To generate student creativity, the application of the right model must be carried out. Creative Problem Solving is a model that can increase student creativity, because through this model, students are invited to solve problems through systematic steps. Learning in the classroom should be able to instill character that has an important influence on solving the nation's problems today. One of the problems of the nation today is corruption. Anti-corruption attitudes need to be given to Indonesian children so that Indonesia in the future become a corruption-freecountry. Type of research is research and development. In this paper specifically discusses the quality of teaching materials developed. Quantitative description is data analysis that used. The results of this study are: 1) the teaching material produced has very valid category, 2) the teaching materials produced has a very practical category.

Reaction rate is chemical concept that must be understood in senior high school (SMA). Learning difficulties data of reaction rate were obtained using interviews with teachers and students. Learning materials did not use comprehensively portray the interconnection of macro, submicro and symbolic representations. Therefore, students did not possess the competence to connect the three levels of representation which then influenced their learning outcomes and mental models. The aims of this Research and Development were to develop reaction rate module based on structured inquiry and find out its validity and practicality. The module was developed with Plomp instructional design model using interview, self-assessment, validity and practicality sheets as research instruments. Subjects of this research were 69 students and 2 teachers from several SMA in Padang. The module was validated by 6 validators and then was tested in two SMA. Validity and practicality were analyzed by using Cappa Cohen formula. The results showed that the module developed had very high degree of both validity (k=0.89) and practicality (k=0.85 for teacher response and k=0.89 for students response). So, conclusion this research is the developed module was valid and practical for use of reaction rate learning in SMA.

This research aims to develop a website on General Physics subject to increase analytical skills of students. Developed website can be used by using computer or smartphone. The ADDIE research method which are Analyzing, Designing, Developing, Implement, and Evaluating. Research was conducted in Laboratory of Media Digital atState University of Jakarta for six months, starts from November 2018 until May 2019 with students of Physics Education Program, State University of Jakarta as object of research. Indicators of analytical skill measured in this research are giving a reasoning, making a conclusion, evaluating a conclusion, predicting a conclusion, considering the validity of an argument, and explaining something using data. Students' analitycal skill improvement test was conducted by pre-test and post-test in two classes (class A and class B) with n-gain result of class A was 0,66 (medium) and class B was 0,28 (low). Results of validation test showed score 92,30% for material validation, 91,85% for media validation, and 90,37% for learning validation. According to this research result, can be concluded that developed website on general physics subject can increase students' analytical skill. All of the instruments in this research can be seen at website http://vinnarrai.com

The purpose of this research is to increase the student's creative thinking skills by applying Discovery Learning on subject of Temperature and Heat subject. This research was done by July 2018 to November 2018. The method used on this research is Class Action Research (CAR) method which was done within two cycles with Planning, Acting, Observing, and Reflecting stages. The aspects that measured on this research are the creative thinking skill which covering the aspect of Fluency, Flexibility, Elaboration, and Originality. Syntax of discovery learning model that applied in this research is stimulation, problem statement, data collection, data processing, verification, and generalization. The total score of creative thinking skill in cycle 1 was 54,35%, in cycle 2 was 60,65%. So, the average score of the skill to think creatively was 57,5%, refer to table 1, the student's way in thinking creatively were "enough creative". The pretest was been held obtained that average results of students score was 55 and the posttest results was 73. On post test results 73 known that student has been reached minimal completeness of physics subject as big as 70 refer to the rules from Senior High School 42 Jakarta. It can be concluded that students'creative thinking skills has increased by applying Discovery Learning model on temperature and heat subject..

One of efforts to improve quality of human resources in 21^st century is improve the level of education quality by promoting a new curriculum that is 2013 curriculum. 2013 curriculum adheres to the basic view that learning is not merely a transfer of knowledge and ability, but also to build HOTS of learners. The study aims to find out effectiveness of students worksheets based guided inquiry on acid base material to improve students HOTS. Type of research is quasi experiments with design non-equivalent control class. sampling techniques using cluster purposive sampling. The sample was 127 students consisting of two schools are SMAN 4 Padang and SMAN 8 Padang. Experimental class 1 (n=32 students) and control class 1 (n=32 students) came from SMAN 4 Padang. Experimental Class 2 (n=33 students) and control 2 (n=30 students) came from SMAN 8 Padang. The experimental class used a student worksheets based guided inquiry, while control class used textbooks available at school. Result of this research shows experimental class 1 and control class 1 got N-gain score are 0.64 and 0.58, while experiment class 2 and control class 2 got N-gain score are 0.60 and 0.56 both groups proved to have statistically significant different improvement. It means student worksheets based guided inquiry are increase HOTS students.

Chemical equilibrium is an important material for understanding acid base and solubility concept. Based literature and interviews, this material is still considered difficult by student. The learning process that has not presented material with three level representation and interconnects it. Students ability to interconnect the three levels of representation will help students have a good understanding, so that a complete mental model is formed. The aims to develop chemical equilibrium module based structured inquiry with three levels of representation in terms of validity and practicality. The method used Research and Development through the use of Plomp model. The instrument was questionnaire form that consist of validity and practicality sheet. The module was validated by 5 validators. Practicality module was tested by 2 chemistry teachers and 69 students from two of senior high school in Padang. Validity and practicality data were analysed by using the Kappa Cohen formula. The results show that the module had very high degree of both validity (k = 0.82) and practicality (k = 0.91 for teacher response and k = 0.88 for student response). So it can be concluded that the module developed has been valid and practical for use in chemical equilibrium learning.

Environment based learning is a strategy in learning by utilizing the environment as a learning tool, learning resource, learning media that aims to achieve learning goals. One of them is the environment at SMK N 2 Batusangkar which is used as an edupark (educational park) in the form of hydroponic cultivation which has physics concepts that have not been implemented. Based on need for learning resources in learning physics, a preliminary analysis of the physics material at school with the potential of edupark is available. The type of research is a research development using the Plomp model in the initial research phase that aims to analyze the physical concepts which is contained in hydroponic aquaculture edupark. The data used is obtained from interviews and questionnaires that were developed based on learning process parameters, learning tools, student characteristics and environmental characteristics, as well as a description of the potential of edupark, especially those supporting physics subject matter including fluids, temperatures, heat, light intensity, capillarity. Based on the results of preliminary research, it appears that the importance of developing hydroponic aquaculture edupark textbooks in physics learning.

Physics learning should integrate learning material with the environment so that physics learning becomes more interesting. Various kinds of learning resources that can be integrated into physics learning one of them are that the environment or educational park (Edupark). Edupark is an educational park to observe the application of physics concepts for students, for example, the destinationof Rumah Gadang. It is the most visited place by many people, including students. However, the visits are only for playing, traveling, and taking pictures. Therefore, Edupark of destination Rumah Gadang has not been used as a learning resource. Based on the needs of students using teaching resources. It was conducted a preliminary analysis of learning resource and Physics materials that is potential in Edupark tourism destinations in the Rumah Gadang. This study used the Plomp development model at the preliminary research stage. The purpose of this study was to observe the physics concept based on Edupark Rumah Gadang. The data in this study were obtained from questionnaires and interviews with educators and students at SMAN 5 South Solok. The technique of data analysis was descriptive percentages. The result of preliminary analysis, it was found that there was a physics concept and the need to develop learning resources in the form of the book of Edupark books in the matter "rigid equilibrium" based on the destination tourism Rumah Gadang on Physics lessons at high school.

The country's South Pesisir Districts is a million charms that have a variety of tourist destinations, which are very much visited by people from various regions in West Sumatra. Carocok Beach Painan is one of the tourist icons that has an extraordinary beautiful destination. It is unfortunate if many tourist attractions found in the concept of physics are only just visited and not used as a means of learning Physics. This research was an initial stage in the development model of Plomp. The purpose of this study was to use the physics concept based on Carocok Beach Painan. The data in this study were obtained from interviews and questionnaires, that were developed based on the parameters of the learning process, learning tools, characteristics of students and region. The trend of educators was used students worksheets as well as the high interest of students to use IT based learning in the school. It was necessary to develop instructional media, in the form of interactive multimedia using Scientific Methods that can be associated with Carocok Beach Painan Edupark, which have a variety of physics concepts especially in the material-wave.

Science is one of the compulsory subjects at the elementary school level. Science learning is currently not able to motivate students to be active in learning, and this can be observed at SDN 19 Nan Sabaris. This study aims to see the effect of using problem-based LKPD with the help of applications to improve science learning motivation of fifth grade students of SDN 19 Nan Sabaris. This type of research is quasi-experimental, with a sample of fifth grade students at SDN 19 Nan Sabari, Padang Pariaman Regency. The instrument of data collection in the study was a motivational questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the t test with the type of paired sample t-test. The results of the data analysis showed the value of sig 2. Tailed for 0.0025 smaller than the alpha value = 0.05, and it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in science learning motivation between before and after the use of problem-based LKPD.

Student books was used at schools have not undergone development and are still using old learning methods, so there was no development of learning methods. Every time the method of learning and teaching changes which aims to improve student learning competencies so that there are changes in the way of learning which of course also affects the learning outcomes obtained by students. In order to increas for student learning competencies, it is necessary to develop student books which will be integrated with research based learning methods in junior high school science learning. To develop the student book researchers need to carry out preliminary studies. This research method uses descriptive methods. The research subject was the Student's Book in Middle School Science. The research respondents were students of MTsN 4 Padang Pariaman, MTsS Balah Aie, dan SMP N 1 Patamuan, Padang Pariaman. Research instruments were observation sheets, questionnaires and interview guides that would later be given to science teachers and students. The data analysis technique carried out in this study is qualitative descriptive. The research results obtained will later show an analysis of the learning process included in the low, medium and high categories.

Thesis is one of the mandatory requirements to complete education at the university level. The conditions in that process indicate that many factors influence the completion of student thesis, especially in the Physics department. Physics students are currently in the digital age, so the rapid development of technology contributes to the completion of thesis. The purpose of this study is to describe the results of the analysis of factors that influence the successful completion of thesis Physics students in the digital era. This type of research is descriptive, with samples35 Physics students covering undergraduate, master and doctoral level. Based on the results of this study, it was found that there are several factors that influence the success of student thesis in the digital era, namely: internet browsing preferences, quality of guidance, desire to graduate on time, want to boast of parents, ability to write articles, pressure from family, motivation from friends, availability of references on campus, availability laboratorytools, campus internet access, using of chat applications on smartphones, internet network quality, intensity of attending peer sessions and proficiency in technology.

The implementation of integrated science learning in junior high schools is still not thematic and integrates 21^st century learning into the learning process. 21^st Century Learning requires students to have literacy skills, knowledge skills, skills and attitudes, and mastery of technology. Increased knowledge, attitudes and skills are caused by the lack of availability of relevant learning resources. One learning resource that can improve 21st-century skills is students' books. The method used in this study is the model of plomp development which consists of three stages, namely preliminary investigation, Prototyping stage, Assessment phase. The research has reached the Prototyping stage and has been tested for validity. The instrument used in this study is a questionnaire consisting of Aspects of content; Construction Aspect; Language aspects; Integrity aspect.

The development of high-quality m-learning based physics teaching materials, needs validity from some experts, so that the product developed can be implemented in physics learning in senior high school. This research has purpose to test the validity of M-Learning based physics teaching materials to improve student learning access in the digital age. The type of this research is Research and Development. The development model used is the development procedure of Thiagarajan (4-D model) includes define, design, develop and disseminate. The assessment instrument used was in the form of a questionnaire consisting of three components, that are content, construct, and language. Based on the result of the study, the result of the feasibility test by expert lecturers and teachers obtained the feasibility of the product with a valid predicate so that it can be used as a source of senior high school physics learning.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of the use of PhET Interactive Simulations student worksheets on students learning outcomes. The method used is the meta-analysis method. Meta-analysis is a technique used to summarize a variety of quantitative research results by finding the value of effect size using a sample of 10 articles in national journals. The results showed average effect size of 1, 117 with a standard deviation of 181,1. The resulting effect size is categorized as medium. Means that the influence of the use of PhET Interactive Simulations student worksheets can improve student learning outcomes by 32,73%.

West Sumatera is one of the provinces surrounded by oceans that have long beaches that have physical concepts that can be directly observed. The beach is a tourist destination for domestic and foreign tourists who can be used as edupark in the process of learning physics. Edupark is an educational park that educators should be able to use as a learning resource for students. However, educators rarely use coastal tourism as a learning resource. The use of local tourist destinations can be used in learning Physics by implementing the development of science and technology that is developing now. According to the needs of students, so that information technology-based learning media can be used. The use of instructional media aims to help students understand the physical concepts found on the coast of Padang Indonesia, especially in light material and optical instruments. The data used in the study were obtained through interviews and questionnaires with educators and students. Based on this preliminary research conducted, it is known that students are interested in using learning media in the process of learning physics.

The instilling of character values is one of the priorities in early childhood education which can be obtained from science learning. The aspect of science learning, in its essence, is to acquaint children to the natural environment directly or through the other media. This study has a purpose to discover the impact of science learning with a constructivist approach towards the construction of early childhood's character. This is experimental research with pre-test and post-test. 15 early childhood students of TK Adzkia II, Tabing, Padang are involved in data collection with total sampling and analyzed with the t-test method. It is found that there has been an influence of learning science towards the building of independent, careful and environmental caring characters for early childhood. The result shows that the average score of mastery of students' character values is higher after being given science learning with a constructivist approach.

This study revealed the effectiveness of guided inquiry student worksheets in improving high order thinking skills in buffer solution materials. This study was conducted with a non-equivalent control group design that uses 72 students as samples which are divided into experimental groups and control groups. The instrument used in this study is a high order thinking skills test given to each student before learning as a pre-test and after learning as a post test. Based on the results of the study, the N-gain value in the experimental class is higher than the control class, each of which has a value of 0.85 and 0.74. From the results of the t test using the SPSS statistical application, the significance value is 0,000 at the 95% confidence level and significance level (α = 0.05). Significance value <α so that it was concluded that the use of guided guided worksheet was effective in improving high order thinking skills of students.

The background of the design and manufacture of the textbook is a follow-up to the preliminary research. Based on the preliminary research revealed: first, there are many facts, principles, concepts on the tourist attraction of Mifan Water Park Padang Panjang, Indonesia. Second, the need for the development of fluid Edupark learning devices in Mifan Padang Panjang Waterpark. The purpose of this research was to produce learning devices in the form of teaching books by making the tourist attraction of Padang Panjang Mifan Water Park as Educational Park (Edupark). This Textbook is designed based on the 2013 curriculum by containing discovery learning syntax. The type of the research is using the Plomp development model at the stage of development and prototyping phase. The data collection using questionnaire techniques. Validation was carried out on instrument sheets and teaching books by three material validates, language, and constructs from the lecturers. The data analysis technique used is a Likert scale and the value of validity using Aiken's V formula. This research produces textbooks that have valid categories. The conclusion of the results of this research is that the textbooks have been made are suitable for use in physics learning activities as a source of learning physics in high school.

Education sets is once of education source that can help teacher and students in learning to increase their competence. It can do by using creative thinking skill and using education sets involve Syllabus, RPP, LKS, dan assessment tools based on Creative Problem Solving using PQ4R strategy. In learning, we can create character of students, especially save energy character. Respondent in this experiment are student class XI IPA 1 SMAN 1 Airpura. Instrument to collect data is questionnaire using Likert scale. Based on preliminary observation, attitude student analysis competence 89,07 (very good), knowledge 76,80 (very good), skill 73,67 (good). SKL analysis 76,66 % (very good), learning analysis 74,16 % (good), save energy analysis 48,30 % (not good). Depend on that case, we need to create education sets based Creative Problem Solving models using PQ4R strategy which can support in learning and good comprehension about saving energy.

This study aims to Determine the validation of the Integrated Natural Science teacher book with the theme senses of sight and optical devices using Integrated Integrated model of 21st Century Learning at the junior high school in Talamau district. This research method used research and development, using Plomp development models. The instrument used was a validation questionnaire. The collection of data validation technique uses a questionnaire that was previously validated by five validators. Data collected was Analyzed using qualitative descriptive through assessment and percentage. Results of analysis of the validation of the Integrated Natural Science teacher book with the theme senses of sight and optical devices using the Connected Integrated model of 21st Century Learning has an average value of 0.88 this is Showed that is developed was valid.

Ngarai Sianok is a Nasional Geopark, Indonesia. Utilizing Geopark as learning resources material of physics was named "Edupark". Ngarai Sianok Physics Edupark is using geopark Ngarai Sianok as physics material for learning. This research aims to develop the the book as learning device in the form of Physics Edupark book using Project Based Learning (PjBL) used Ngarai Sianok National Geopark information at Senior High School Physics Book which are valid. The type of this research is development research. This research used a first prototyping phase Plomp's model (Self Evaluation. In the prototype phase is conducted the design of learning devices based on PjBL for the second grade of Senior High school. The result of design of the physics edupark book based on Ngarai sianok national geopark at the beginning were called prototype 1.

The purpose of this research was to develop a worksheet based on inquiry training physics students to improve the creative thinking ability of students in high school that is valid. This research method used research and development. The evaluation of the validity of LKPD is important to determine whether a LKPD has a proper quality. This study sought to evaluate the validity of the LKPD on the aspects of content, Construct, language and Graphical using a valid questionnaire which was developed based on Likert scale. The validity of the LKPD was assessed by three educational experts and practitioners. The data was later analyzed to determine the value of V of Aiken. The V of Aiken value of experts and practitioners on the aspect of content is 0,92, on the aspect of LKPD presentation style is 0,91, on the aspect of language is 0,94, on the aspect of face is 0,96. The value of V showed that the content, presentation style, language and face of the LKPD is categorized as valid. This means the LKPD has satisfied most of its standard quality criteria.

This study aims to determine the validation of inquiry training based physic students worksheet to improve creative thinking ability 10th grade senior high school in Pertiwi 2 Padang city. This research method used research and development. The evaluation of the validity of LKPD is important to determine whether a LKPD has a proper quality. This study sought to evaluate the validity of the LKPD on the aspects of content, Construct, language and Graphical using a valid questionnaire which was developed based on Likert scale. The validity of the LKPD was assessed by three educational experts and practitioners. The data was later analyzed to determine the value of V of Aiken. The V of Aiken value of experts and practitioners on the aspect of content is 0,90, on the aspect of LKPD presentation style is 0,90, on the aspect of language is 0,96, on the aspect of face is 0,95. The value of V showed that the content, presentation style, language and face of the LKPD is categorized as valid. This means the LKPD has satisfied most of its standard quality criteria.

The revised 2013 edition of the curriculum requires daily context-based physics learning and the ability to solve problems. Learning as expected will be realized if supported by the right learning media. Research has been conducted to determine the compatibility between the learning media used by senior high school Physics teachers in West Sumatera and the demands of the curriculum. Applying survey research methods, using questionnaire instruments and observation sheet. A survey of 24 unit of senior high schools in West Sumatera was conducted. Information was obtained that almost teachers in the school observed using Power Point, less than half used experiment equipment and simulation programs such as PhET only for three competencies, the rest conventional learning only using Point Power. This shows that learning does not take place in accordance with the demands of the curriculum, because the curriculum requires students as subjects and centers of learning, while learning with both media used by the teachers does not facilitate students to do or work. From the observations obtained information that laboratory equipment available in schools is not used, because it is not in accordance with the demands of the curriculum. This information shows that senior high school physics learning requires learning media in accordance with the demands of the curriculum. One of the physics learning media that is in accordance with the demands of the curriculum and millennium is based-ICT. This is contextual physics-based learning videos. This media is more appropriate because it can involve all the senses of students in learning. Therefore it is necessary to develop Contextual-based learning media.

The learning in 21st century needs literacy skill, but the study regarding the application of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM)-based Guided Inquiry (GI) to develop students' scientific literacy is limited. This study aimed to know the impact of STEM-based GI learning on students' scientific literacy in the topic of fluid statics. Using Pre-and Posttest design in a quasi experiment research, students in grade XI of Senior High School 7 Malang, Indonesia, were placed in two classes called Experiment (STEM-GI) and Control (conventional) classes. STEM-GI class made two engineering products, which are a small-scale hydraulic robot and hydraulic lift based on Pascal Law. The Fluid Statics Scientific Literacy Test was used to measure students' scientific literacy with Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0.741. Data analysis with Mann-Whitney, N-gain, and Cohen's effect size was conducted. The result showed two classes had significantly different scientific literacy. Scientific literacy of STEM-GI was higher than conventional class. The improvement of both Experiment and Control classes belonged in medium category. The effect of operational implementation of Experiment-Control pair yielded "large" category in the enhancement of scientific literacy. From the final questionnaire, it's revealed that students had more positive response towards STEM-based GI than conventional learning.

The process of integrating various components and activities is needed to create quality education. The effort that can be done is the innovation of teaching materials used in learning. Physics is quite difficult to master by students because it requires practicum to understand it. To make it easier for students to understand the material, it is necessary to develop an e-book containing videos, animations, and images that can support students' understanding. Therefore, an in-depth literature review is needed to see the effectiveness of using e-book in learning.

Teachers in learning in junior high schools use teacher books. In conducting the learning process and the use of student books, the teacher is guided by the teacher's book. So that the teacher's book is appropriate for use in learning, the book should be valid. This study aims to determine the validity of the blood fluid teacher's book using connected type learning integrated learning in the 21st century. This research uses Plomp model development research, while the validation process is carried out in the development phase. Validity data is obtained by using a validity questionnaire. Data were analyzed with a Likert scale and validation values were calculated by the Aiken formula. The results of the teacher validation analysis developed were obtained the book with valid criteria. From the results of the analysis it can be concluded that science teacher books are integrated the theme of blood fluid through learning connected type integrated 21st century skills worthy of being used in the learning process.

Integrated science learning is a complex learning activity, which focusses on the understanding of the concept of science in the fields of physics, biology, and chemistry as unity. Improving the quality of integrated science learning is very important to achieve the expected learning goals in the curriculum. This quality improvement needs to be done especially by preparing prospective teachers in having cognitive abilities and skills in teaching. One effort done is developing science teaching aids base on project based learning. This development was carried out as a unity of understanding concepts and experiments, so the students as prospective teachers have better competence. Development carried out based on project based learning, so the students are expected to have high ability and creativity because they are actively involved starting from the planning to evaluation stages. The stage in designing these science teaching aids was carried out by using Plomp development model in prototyping phase, especially at the stage of expert review. Data analysis was performed by using percentage techniques. The design result shows that science teaching aids are valid. Thus, these teaching aids can be used in learning to analyze the practicality and effectiveness.

This research is a study of the validity of a teaching material in the form of a Physics Education Statistics handout. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of validity of the Physics Education Statistics handout in the UNP Physics Department from four aspects of feasibility namely content feasibility, presentation feasibility, language feasibility, and graphic feasibility. This type of research is Research and Development and was developed using the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement and Evaluate). The study of the validity of this handout is part of the Develop phase, which is done after the product in the form of a handout has been developed. The developed handout was then validated by four experts, two of whom were experts in Statistics and two others were experts in Physics Education. The data of this study were obtained from the results of the validator's assessment in the form of a validity assessment sheet containing the four aspects of the feasibility of the handout. The results of this study indicate that the Physics Education Statistics handout using the Cooperative Problem Solving model of the four aspects of feasibility has valid and feasible quality to use, this is based on the results of expert validation that reaches 85.10 with very valid criteria.

The scientific context as part of scientific literacy becomes the need to apply 21st century skills in learning physics according to the 2013 curriculum. The fundamental problem in this study is the ability of prospective teacher students to design saintific context in the physics material for senior high school grade XI is not optimal despite using a variety of literature and media. This has an impact on student mastery of all physics material of grade XI is still low. The solution offered is the provision of learning resources sourced from local wisdom. The Minangkabau musical instruments are one of the tangible local wisdom related with the physics material for senior high school grade XI, namely sound waves. The purpose of this study was to analyze of physics parameters for aerophone musical instruments from Minangkabau as context of meaningful learning. The type of research to be conducted is qualitative research. This research just arrived at the stage of data analysis Visual Analyser. The aerophone musical instruments from Minangkabau analyzed for physics parameters are "pupuik batang padi", "bansi", "sampelong", and "saluang". Data collection in this study uses the analysis of the results of the Visual Analyzer simulation and Focus Group of Discussion (FGD). The data analysis technique used is qualitative with three components, namely: data reduction, data presentation, conclusions and verification. The results of the analysis showed that "pupuik batang padi", "bansi", "sampelong", and "saluang" can be categorized into open ended pipes but bansi can be categorized into closed ended pipes according fundamental frequency detected by VA. The conclusion of the research shows that parameters of physics on aerophone musical instruments from Minangkabau fulfill one of the attributes of meaningful learning, namely learning is a process of experiencing because it is related to the natural context and the ability to adapt to the surrounding environment.

This study aims to determine the validation of Integrated Natural Science teacher book with the theme senses of sight and optical devices using Connected model Integrated 21^st Century Learning at the junior high school in Kerinci district. This research method used research and development, using Plomp development model. The instrument used was a validation questionnaire. The data collection technique uses a validation questionnaire that was previously validated by five validators. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive qualitative through assessment and percentage. Results of analysis the validation of Integrated Natural Science teacher book with the theme senses of sight and optical devices using Connected model Integrated 21^st Century Learning has an average value of 0,88 this is showed that is developed was valid.

This study aims to determine the validity of integrated science student books with the theme of blood fluidusing a type of connected 21st century learning is integrated into the material used books for independent learning in the learning process for students. This research method uses research and development (R&D). The research instrument used was a questionnaire validation assessment sheet. Data analysis is a descriptive analysis with a Likert scale and validity value is calculated by the Aiken formula. The results of the validation analysis of student books developed obtained a validity value of 0.86 with valid criteria. From the result of the analysis it can be concluded that the integrated science student book with the theme of blood fluid using integrated type 21st century learning can be used in the learning process.

The learning of physics according to the 2013 curriculum claim a student to practice spiritual attitudes or spiritual intelligence values well. For this objective, the learning material of physics should contain the spiritual intelligence based on physics concept. In fact, the learning material of physics such as books, handout, worksheet and etc have not the spiritual intelligence values. This research has an objective to develop the spiritual intelligence values based on physics concept in the learning material. The type of research method is research and development at the third level that conducts research to develop an existing product, make a product and test the effectiveness of the product. The results of research showed that teaching materials have been produced containing spiritual intelligence values based on physics concepts, teaching material products have very high validity with an average value of 84.96, the use of the product is practical according to teachers and students with an average value of 85, 70 and 82.49, respectively, the use of products in learning activities can increase the achievement of knowledge competencies and spiritual attitudes of students or is called effective for learning physics.

This 4.0 industrial evolution era requires university institution to process and result its qualified graduation using 4C approach, namely; Critical thinking, Creativity, Communication, and Collaboration. Qualification of engineering graduation is dominantly determined by learning model applied in the class such as Work Based Learning. The Work Based Learning Model is a change of learning system from conventional system in the class into a system placing the education into work place, in this case is in laboratory. This system combines institutional learning pattern in classroom by real equipment in the laboratory so that it can result in integrated experiences between theories and real practices by students. Basically, WBL is a learning model approach using work place as a media to transfer learning knowledge. During student period of learning on heat transfer course, it only describes theoretical information description in uncritical learning process, less creative, passive communication and no inter-student collaboration. There are many various models studied by experts to identity any components having influences on making successful WBL. This article tries to identify and review the development of work based learning models that will be applied to the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Bung Hatta University.

This study aims to develop a product-based learning model in the Multimedia course at the Information Management D3 Study Program at Mahaputra University Muhammad Yamin Solok. The product of its development is a production-based learning model which is the development of the syntax of a product-based learning model. Development carried out on syntax arrangement and addition of parts in the production process by completing learning activities on promotions and trade based online. a production-based learning model that contains guidelines for using models that have been developed for lecturers. This study uses Research and Development (R and D) research methods, and the development model using ADDIE instructional. The data analysis technique uses descriptive techniques by describing the prevalence and practicality and effectiveness

This study aims to analyze preliminary data on the conditions of quantum physics lectures as a necessity in developing teaching materials. This research is the initial stage of research and development, namely preliminary research. Data collected using interviews with lecturers, questionnaires to students and study documentation. Data analysis techniques used in the form of descriptive statistical analysis. From the data analysis that has been done it can be stated that the available quantum physics teaching materials have not varied. Second, the assignments given in lectures on quantum physics have been able to help students understand the material. Third, students have sufficient potential in understanding the material, but the percentage of students who have ideas in solving problems and who are able to correct answers from friends, want to work collaboratively and who actively ask questions is still low. For this reason, it is necessary to develop media and teaching materials to improve the lecture and collaborative processes of students.

Science student's book should be in accordance with 21st century learning with assessments that are relevant to the characteristics of the learning. Where in the 21st century learning that is demanded are critical thinking skills and problem solving, creative and innovative skills, communication skills and collaborative skills. Where the four skills will aim to develop the potential in developing character, talent, competency, interest and literacy. To make use of this science student's book, then need to be validated. The purpose of the validation is to know the validation science student's books with the theme of energy in life based integrated local materials using integrated models for 21st century learning to use Aiken's V with 5 validator is three experts and two practitioners composed. The questionnaire used the data of collection method. The result by 3 experts composed of content validation, construct validation, validation and then the graphical language with a valid validation category. While practitioners composed from same 2 with 3 experts composed is content validation, construct validation, validation and then the graphical language with a valid validation category. Conclusion, overall the science student's books with the theme of energy in life based integrated local materials using integrated models for 21st century learning Be avowed valid and it can to be use in school.

Prior to the development of integrated science teacher book-type integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based Sijunjung area to improve the skills of the 21st century, it is necessary to do the validation. Validation is done teacher book aims to examine the content validity and construct validity. Content validity with respect to the content and format of the book the teacher developed, while the construct validity with respect to the structure and characteristics of teacher-developed book. In addition to content validity and construct validity, it is also necessary to test the validation language to see the use of the language used in the book of teachers in accordance with the correct EYD and also carried out a validation test graphics. Validation of Integrated Science teacher book-type integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based on the area Sijunjung performed using validator Aikens V with 5 of them 3 experts and two practitioners. Collecting data using questionnaires. From the results of research by five people validator, then book the type of integrated science teacher integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based Sijunjung area to improve 21st century skills considered valid. In conclusion, the type of integrated science teacher book integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based Sijunjung area to improve 21st century skills have been developed and used by teachers in schools. From the results of research by five people validator, then book the type of integrated science teacher integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based Sijunjung area to improve 21st century skills considered valid. In conclusion, the type of integrated science teacher book integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based Sijunjung area to improve 21st century skills have been developed and used by teachers in schools. From the results of research by five people validator, then book the type of integrated science teacher integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based Sijunjung area to improve 21st century skills considered valid. In conclusion, the type of integrated science teacher book integrated with the energy theme in the lives of local content based Sijunjung area to improve 21st century skills have been developed and used by teachers in schools.

Technology is growing rapidly. Many devices could be used to support the learning process in the classroom, particularly in integrative science learning. Nowadays, learning materials can be acquired through various digital forms. In this study, the tendency of the needs and interests of students toward learning materials, specifically in energy transformation topic, would be briefly explained. Based on the data obtained, students were more curious when they were provided the supporting learning materials such as pictures and videos while learning the energy transformation topic. The data illustrated that 64.3% of respondents stated that the combination of text, images, and videos enhanced their curiosity on the matter. Some questions must also be provided to improve their STEM knowledge and critical thinking. Therefore, Digital Reality Book with many features can be selected as an alternative to deliver learning material about Energy Transformation in supporting STEM and critical thinking.

The ongoing learning process consists of planning, implementation, assessment and evaluation, reflection, feedback, and further revision or new planning. The results of the evaluation of competency achievement by students determine the feedback action and the next plan that will be carried out by the teacher. Based on the results of the evaluation, students are divided into two groups, namely groups that have achieved competence and groups that have not yet achieved it. The first group needs enrichment learning while the second group needs a remedial program. A survey of 24 Senior High Schools in West Sumatera was conducted to obtain information about the implementation of enrichment learning. The data collection instrument used is questionnaire and observation sheet. Information is obtained that teachers rarely carry out enrichment learning, because when children are in school it is fully filled with regular learning activities and teaching materials used by teachers only textbooks, which are only used up for regular learning activities. Referring to the information obtained, it can be said that Senior High School physics learning requires teaching materials that facilitate students learning outside the classroom. These teaching materials should facilitate students to learn without a teacher. So that teaching materials attract students' interest must be packaged in such a way, for example ICT-based. One learning resource that meets these needs is a contextual-based physics module. To be practical and make it easier for students to adjust the place and time of each, then the most appropriate is the e-module physics. Based on observations made, there are no physical e-modules in the school observed. Referring to the problems that have been obtained, it can be concluded that to help teachers solve problems, contextual physics based e-modules need to be developed.

Teachers should be able to develop a learning tools that can improve the students's ability to build knowledge and formulate their own concepts in the learning process. One of learning models that can support these purpose is learning based contructivism approach using learning cycle 5 E model. The type of research is research and development using 4-D model consist of define, design, development and disseminate. The research instrument used was a questionnaire (RPP validation, validation module, validation worksheets, assessment and response validation teacher) and RPP feasibility sheet. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics to obtain an average value and the percentage of the validity and practicality of learning tools. Based on the analytical validation of data is known that the developed learning tools considered valid. Based on the data analysis of the test results is known that the learning tools developed practical and effective category. From these results it can be concluded that the learning tools of physics based contructivism approach using learning cycle 5 E model at class XI TITL SMK Negeri 1 Rao Selatan developed are valid, practical and effective and it can enhance student competence.

Utilizing environment-based media in learning can better understand the natural phenomena that occur in everyday life, the environment provides a variety of things students can learn, and the use of the environment allows for a more meaningful learning process. One of them is utilizing natural tourism objects which lately are very popular with tourists. Tourism is not just a place to enjoy the natural charm and games provided. Attractions as integrated learning resources (edupark) have not been fully utilized, one of which is Anai Land attractions. To support Anai Land as the Edupark Science School, plu to study Integrated Science learning material that can be learned through Anai Land tourist destinations. Based on this, analyze the integrated science learning material used in schools with potential learning resources in Anai Land tourist attractions. This type of research is a preliminary analysis. The data taken in this study was obtained by interviews with educators as well as a description of the potential direct learning of natural sciences with the Anai Land tourism method. Based on the results of the research conducted, it is evident that there is a need to develop edupark based teaching materials on natural science learning.

Education in the 21st century must be able to develop the competence of students a holistic and balance form. Integrated teaching is relevant with the 21st century learning paradigm because it is able to encourage active, authentic, holistic and meaningful learning. The 4.0 industrial revolution in the 21st century has demanded teaching to develop a variety of student literacy skills so that they can succeed both in learning and in everyday life. But the application of integrated teaching and the integration of literacy skills in natural science teaching is still limited. Real condition shows that science literacy of Indonesian students is still low. The solution to this problem is to develop the science learning material based on thematic teaching by integrating the new literacy. The purpose of the research was to describe the initial conditions before developing the science learning material based on thematic teaching. This type of research was descriptive research. The research data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. The results of the data analysis stated that: generally the application of thematic learning components is still low, the integration of new literacy components in science teaching and science textbooks can be entered into low category, generally the characteristics of students are good for receiving thematic science learning material, and generally the early literacy of students can be classified into low category. The results of this research provide a good opportunity to develop science learning material based on thematic teaching by integrating new literacy.

Teaching in the 21st century should be connected to the real world context, focused on students, and conducted in collaboration. The application of contextual teaching and the utilization of the potential environment are relevant to the teaching of this century to create the meaningful learning. But the real condition showed that the learning resources of physics were less supportive to create the meaningful learning. The solution to the problem was to develop a physics enrichment book based on contextual teaching and environment potential. To find problems and potential for developing this book, research needs to be done. The purpose of the research was to describe the problems and potential associated with the development of this enrichment book. This type of research was descriptive research. The instruments for obtaining data were observation sheet, questionnaire sheet, and document analysis. The results of the data analysis show that: the application of both the component and strategy of contextual teaching in physics teaching is grouped into the sufficient category, the characteristics of students are generally good for receiving physics enrichment book, the integration of contextual teaching and environmental aspects is still low in physics textbooks, and physics teachers haven't used enrichment books to improve knowledge of students. Therefore, the results of this research can be used as a basis for designing and developing an electronic physics enrichment book needed to improve knowledge of students.

This study aims to determine the development of the ability to think creatively in basic electronic textbook 2 used in the physics department of the FMIPA, UNP Padang. This research is a descriptive study that aims to obtain information about the development of creative thinking skills in the two textbooks used. Data collection uses analysis instruments, aspects of creative thinking. The results showed that the book used has facilitated aspects of creative thinking of its College students. The ability to think creatively facilitated includes fluency with an average of 35.79%, flexibility with an average of 20, 30%, originality with a mean of 12.21% and elaboration with an average of 31.70%. But the textbook used is not optimal in facilitating the development of college students' creative thinking abilities.

This study aims to determine the validation of student worksheets based on inquiry based learning models assisted by tracker application on momentum and impulse material of high school physics learning. This research method uses research and development with a model Plomp. A data collection instrument using a validity sheet previously validated bay three validators. The results of the validation analysis sheet show worksheet based on inquiry based learning models assisted by tracker application developed with a valid criteria.

This research was backgrounded by curriculum 2013's demand which stated that this curriculum was developed the advanced of technology and information, as well as the internationally educational development. Therefore, an innovation was needed; that was the development of learning model, its source, and its media which were relevant with the demand of curriculum 2013. The innovation was the development of students' worksheet (LKPD) as one of learning sources which was easily understood by students, the project based learning as one of models recommended by 2013 which could improve students' competence and creativity, as well as tracker application as a learning media which was IT based that could be internationally competitive. The aim of this research was to produce LKPD based on project based learning equipped tracker application for simple harmonic motion experiment, with a valid, practical and effective criteria. The result of the analysis stage from the beginning to end a chance using tracker application. The result of students' analysis needed LKPD as a learning source and a project based learning as a model. The result of material analysis which was predominated by the principal and conceptual material. The result of the development stage was gained from LKPD referring to the analysis result. The result of the development stage was produced by a valid LKPD with a criteria (≥0,6) and used in the implementation stage.

This research was motivated by demands of the curriculum 2013 which states that learning physics should ideally be presented by presenting facts, objects, or the phenomenon of physics directly to students. For this reason, it was necesssary to development an innovation in the form of developing learning models, learning resources and learning media that are in accordance with demands of the curriculum 2013, including learning resources in the form easily understood LKPD and can help students to learn independently, project based learning with a scientific approach to improved student's skills and tracker applications are the use of tecnological development so that students could be Internationally competitive. The purpose of this study was to validity of student's worksheets based on project based learning model assisted tracker application with valid criteria. This type of research is development research using plomp model with stage preliminary research, development or prototyping phase, and assesment phase (semisummative evaluation). The result ot the analysis of students need a LKPD as a learning resource and a project based learning model as a learning model and technology utilization with a tracker application. The result of the development stage was produced by a valid LKPD with a criteria (≥0,6) and used in the implementation stage.

This research was motivated by many obstacles faced by teachers in the use of teachers books processed learning, ideally teacher book that refer to the curriculum 2013 can facilitate teachers in the learning process as well as showing the reference points that will be developed by competency standard of graduates, competency indicators and basic competencies of each subject are then put together in one theme, but actually many teacher books that have not fully facilitated the teacher for the learning process activities, one of which is the material presented has not shown integration between physics, biology and chemistry, the content of the material presented is also concise, making it difficult for the teacher if the material being taught is not the basis. Seeing these conditions, the researchers are interested in developing integrated science teacher books containing character based on shared models, the development of the teachers book is done so that the teacher is assisted in the learning process especially in theme cohesion and adhesion material in the class one on Junior High School. The purpose of this development is to produce integrated science teacher books containing characters with the theme of cohesion and adhesion on living with shared model with valid criteria. This type of research is development research using reeves model with stage analysis of practical problems, design and development the prototype, Iterative cycles of testing and refinement and implementation phase. The result of the development stage was produced by a valid teacher books with a criteria (≥0,6) and used in the implementation stage.

Students' mathematical reasoning ability that can be found in the field has optimal yet, this can be seen from school learning, and teacher has yet got the students to get used to solve the mathematical reasoning questions. The purpose of this research is to produce mathematics learning device based on guided discovery to improve students' reasoning ability. This is a development research. The development model in this research is plomp model which consists of three phases, namely, preliminary research, development or prototyping phase, and assessment phase. The researchers hinge only on preliminary research. The result of the data analysis on this first phase revealed that: 1) the students' reasoning ability is not yet optimal. 2) Some students' still think mathematics is a difficult subject to learn. 3) The development of student worksheet is of vital importance in order to be able to comprehend the learning material. 4) Students expect that student worksheet will discuss problems related with mathematics knowledge in daily life as well as problem related with their individual activity.

Student's mathematical problem solving ability has optimal yet, this is due to school learning fail to get students used to work on problem solving PISA questions model. The purpose of this research is to produce mathematics learning device based on guided discovery of PISA model orientation in order to improve student's problem solving ability. This is a development research. Development model of this research is Plomp model which consists of three phases, namely, preliminary research, development or prototyping phase, and assessment phase. The results of data analysis on preliminary research are: 1) Teacher has yet to be able to develop the learning device to improve students' mathematical ability. 2) Learning resources used by the students are optimal yet to be able to draw student's interest to learn. 3) Students are expecting for the attractive worksheet display and small number of the questions. 4) Students are expecting worksheet to discuss more on the use of mathematics in the society real life and problems related with their personal activities. 5) Students who are living in the remote area tend to be less motivated and less willing the learning process. 6) Students prefer group learning to individual learning.

This study aims to identify the quality and effectiveness of the application of authentic web-based assessments in computer network learning on wireless material, and to identify profiles of students' skills and knowledge competencies in learning computer networks on wireless material. The trial was conducted at the Faculty of Computer Science, University of Dharmas Indonesia. This research uses a descriptive method. The population in this study were students of the Informatics Engineering Study Program. Sampling is done using the purposive sampling method. Based on the results of the study, the quality of authentic assessments showed validity for assessment of performance of 0.94 (high) and reliability of 0.93 (very high), while the validity for the description question was 0.97 (very high) and reliability was 0.98 (very high). Based on observations on the effectiveness of the implementation of authentic assessments and student questionnaires, the level of application of authentic assessments is in categories both at the stage of assessment preparation, implementation of assessment and reflection. The skills competency profile of most students is in very good category, while the knowledge competencies of most students fall into sufficient categories for each indicator of the problem.

The enhancement of critical thinking skills (CTS) is one of the learning targets of universities. Although research on enhancing CTS has been achieved, the improvement of CTS through physics instruction is still becoming a problem. This study attempts to find out the integration of conceptual scaffolding to group investigation (GI) and its influence on students' CTS. This mixed-method research used an explanatory design by involving 59 students in the Fundamental Physics III course in the Department of Physics, State University of Malang. The experimental group received treatment of conceptual scaffolding in GI, whereas the control group received conventional instruction. The instrument used was the prior knowledge test consisting of 17 multiple-choice items (Cronbach Alpha = 0.72) and the tests of CTS consisting of 11 essay items (Cronbach Alpha = 0.67), interview guidelines, and think-aloud protocol. The results of the study show that there are no differences in CTS between the experimental group and the control group. However, for the low prior-knowledge students, CTS of students who use conceptual scaffolding in GI higher than that of students who study with conventional instruction. Low prior-knowledge students who use scaffolding in the GI can use high-level strategies and exhibit more focused actions in solving problems.

The biggest challenge for teachers in this industrial revolution 4.0 is to create a learning design that improves students' problem-solving skills. Many students face difficulties in applying physics concepts in life since their problem-solving skills are relatively low. Therefore, valid, practical, and effective teaching materials with the STEM-PjBL model integrated with TPACK can be used as the breakthrough. This learning tool is packaged in five steps with various learning experiences, and the students are directly involved in using ICT, making a video, PPT, and using moodle. This research and development used 4D design with four stages, i.e., 1) define, 2) design, 3) develop, and 4) disseminate. In the define and design stages, need analysis and development of draft teaching materials were carried out. Development is an expert validation stage, and its results were declared as very valid. Dissemination is a limited trial phase with one group pretest-posttest design to see its practicality and effectiveness. The results of dissemination were stated to be very practical, showing that the learning plan can be well implemented. The students' problem-solving skills increased after they attended learning by using the developed device. Other findings showed that students were more excited, happy, and comfortable in learning physics.

The results of student's analysis of physics mastery of class X in several high schools in the city of Padang, showed the lowest value found in Newton's laws of motion. This shows that students experience various obstacles in mastering this material. One of them is the factor of the perception of students towards learning physics. This study aims to reveal the tendency of students' perceptions of learning physics in Newton's law material, student mastery, their relationship and the factors of difficulty in learning Newton's laws of motion, in terms of student perception. This study included descriptive correlational study in high school in Padang city in semester from January to June 2019. With stratified random sampling technique obtained by 60 students as samples to represent a clever student, medium and less, which is derived from 4 SMA and one private school. The instrument used to obtain data, in the form of 60 items of perception questionnaires and 24 items of mastery of material compiled based on a grid combination of 4 dimensions of knowledge and 6 levels of cognitive processes refers to Bloom's revised taxonomy. The instrument used has fulfilled its validity and reliability. The results showed that a) the perception of students towards learning the laws of Newton at the high category, b) mastery of physics students are on the low category, c) There are positive correlation between the perceptions of teaching physics with students mastery to the material laws Newton's motion, with 36.2% contribution. b) The proportion of understanding dimensions of students' knowledge: factual, conceptual, procedural, and metacognitive respectively, are 51.42 %, 36.88 %, 13.96 %, and 4,54 %. c) the proportion of mastery of cognitive process levels for the ability to remember, understand, apply, analyse, evaluate and create are: 54.44 %, 33.56 %, 38.75 %, 14.44 %, 13.19 % and 5.81 %. d) study difficulties were found in learning Newton's law materials according to the perceptions of students, in terms of factors: students individual; properties inherent in physical matter; and student learning conditions created by the teacher.

Low high-level thinking skills (HOTS) of students, especially in physics can not be separated from the process of learning activities of students in schools that have not emphasized the student-centered. One problem is the books or reading material that is used by high school physics students and teachers have not led to the aspects of cognitive domains that are part of high-level thinking skills. Based on those developed for high school physics textbook using concept maps in both the material and the exposure to examples and exercises for students. The study aims to gain if the book is worth to be used in schools. Development model used in this study is a model of Plomp. ModelPlomp consists of three stages of development that preliminary research (initial investigation), prototyping phase (phase prototypes) and assessment phase (phase assessment). To assess the feasibility of this book used some experts consisting of several professors of physics and school physics teacher. The results of the feasibility test of power obtained an average score of 3.65 with very good category. Feasibility in terms of the depth of material, kesesuai with the development of the students thought patterns and linkage map concept with high-level thinking skills. While the results of feasibility assessment of conformity with the curriculum, the ease of understanding the text, the feasibility of the exercise presented by the teachers obtained a score of 3.80. The results of the feasibility test of power obtained an average score of 3.65 with very good category. Feasibility in terms of the depth of material, kesesuai with the development of the students thought patterns and linkage map concept with high-level thinking skills. While the results of feasibility assessment of conformity with the curriculum, the ease of understanding the text, the feasibility of the exercise presented by the teachers obtained a score of 3.80. The results of the feasibility test of power obtained an average score of 3.65 with very good category. Feasibility in terms of the depth of material, kesesuai with the development of the students thought patterns and linkage map concept with high-level thinking skills. While the results of feasibility assessment of conformity with the curriculum, the ease of understanding the text, the feasibility of the exercise presented by the teachers obtained a score of 3.80.

This study aims to determine the opinions and knowledge of teachers regarding the integration of environmental education in the learning process in the classroom for elementary school students. This research uses survey method. The instrument used was a questionnaire consisting of fifteen questions and four additional statements relating to environmental education in the learning process. The results showed that the majority of teachers agreed that it was important to integrate environmental education in the learning process for students, especially elementary school students. However, this integration still has constraints, such as insufficient time. Based on the results of the analysis shows that for elementary school level, science learning is the most likely learning to be integrated with environmental education in the learning process.

The purpose of this study was untukmenganalisis the extent to which the knowledge of students in disaster management volcanoes and coherence of the matter physics. This type of research is descriptive qualitative peneitian. The sample used in this study are students of class X SMA N 1 Batipuh. The result is knowledge migasi learners to disasters volcanoes of 61.33% categorized as very poor and linkages with disaster physics of matter volcanoes obtained at KD 3.9 on material and energy businesses and KD 3:10 on the material momentum and impulse.