Table of contents

International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Automation and Control Systems 2020 (MEACS-2020) was successfully held on September 17, 2020. Initially, the conference was planned to be held in March, as part of the exhibition of equipment for metalworking and welding "MashExpo Siberia 2020" in Novosibirsk. However, due to the lockdown and all the restrictions associated with the coronavirus pandemic, MEACS-2020 was postponed until autumn. The conference was hosted by Novosibirsk State Technical University (Novosibirsk, Russia). Today, Novosibirsk is one of the largest scientific centers in Russia and in the Commonwealth of Independent States.

MEACS-2020 provided an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to present and discuss up-to-date developments and innovations in the fields of mechanical engineering, automation of production processes, materials science, and industrial engineering. The participants presented papers on the issues of technological machines and equipment, mechanics and mechatronics, materials science in mechanical engineering, manufacturing process management, automation and optimization of production engineering.

After careful reviewing, the most significant and valuable papers were accepted for publication. The volume consists of 79 relevant manuscripts. They present a wide range of technical solutions for automated mechanical engineering, and prospects for using information technologies and modeling methods in engineering.

We would like to express gratitude to the Organizing Committee for hosting MEACS-2020, despite the unfavourable epidemiological situation. We would also like to thank all the participants and the editors for their valuable contribution in preparing the MEACS-2020 proceedings. We hope that readers would find this volume relevant and useful.

On behalf of the editors,

Vadim Skiba,

Nikita Martyushev

List of Programme Committee and Organizing Committee are available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Single-blind peer review by two committee members

• Conference submission management system: submissions were received and handled via e-mail

• Number of submissions received: 129

• Number of submissions sent for review: 118

• Number of submissions accepted: 84

• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 65%

• Average number of reviews per paper: 2

• Total number of reviewers involved: 26

• Any additional info on review process: all the papers were reviewed

○ by the review coordinator or one of his affiliates (co-editors or secretaries if the papers is within the field of expertise);

○ by two independent referees chosen from the members of the programme committee (or their affiliates);

○ the volume comprised of accepted papers vas edited and proofread by the editors.

• Contact person for queries: Vadim Skiba, review coordinator, cand. of eng., secretary of the editorial board of the international journal "Processing of metals (technology, equipment and tools)", Novosibirsk State Technical University, skiba@corp.nstu.ru

This article presents the results of numerical modelling of the optimal height of the variable edge of a volumetric anti-filtration geotextile coating for the restoration of failed water supply structures. After a long period of operation, hydraulic structures continue to operate without scheduled repairs, so it is necessary to perform technical reconstruction of the structure on the basis of innovative, as well as previously proven repair technologies. Most of the long-term operated hydraulic structures in Russia are in unsatisfactory condition, requiring modernization and reconstruction. Volumetric anti-filtration geotextile coating is used for technical restoration of long-term water supply structures that have failed. The volumetric cellular structure is filled with soil and has a variable height of the edge from the ridge to the bottom of the slope. Operational reliability and durability of the volumetric coating are provided by a cellular structure with a variable ridge height, to eliminate the formation of landslides in the underlying soil and in the filling, as well as the loss of water for filtration. A solid-state model of the stress-strain state of a bulk anti-filtration geotextile coating was constructed. The number of elements and the number of units of the ensemble was 127830 and 102740, respectively. The source information was encoded in terms of the increment method, taking into account the fragmentary representation of a three-dimensional anti-filtration geotextile coating with a variable edge height in the form of simple geometric objects-plates. The work of the coating from the load from its own weight and filling the volume cells of the soil at various parameters was numerically modelled. The results obtained are adequate to the calculations and do not exceed the operational parameters of the design. Processing of the obtained simulation results showed the presence of minor displacements, both horizontally and vertically along the structure, which indicates the presence of a large margin of safety of the bulk anti-filtration geotextile coating.

The article studies the problem of increasing the durability of weld joints using surface plastic deformation by the method of wave strain hardening (WSH). Earlier, WSH was not used for these purposes. The prospect of using WSH for increasing the durability of weld joints is associated with the possibility of increasing the microhardness and the formation of compressive residual stresses at a depth of more than 10 mm. To identify the most effective conditions for the use of various types of tools for WSH of weld joints and accelerate the search for rational modes and conditions of WSH, finite element modeling was used. As a result of the research, recommendations related to the use of various types of WSH tools, depending on the thickness of weld joints, changes in hardness and stress state of the near-weld zone after welding, were given.

Antifriction and friction materials used in many construction structures, devices and road construction machines simultaneously undergo dynamic and impact loads. The article considers the influence of dynamic and impact loads on the friction and wear of polymer composite materials. The materials of the maslyanit group are established to have high resistance to frictional and bulk fatigue and are capable of long-term operation without failure under cyclic dynamic and impact nature of loading. Test results show that pure kapron, despite its homogeneous structure and greater elasticity than maslyanits, is more prone to bulk fatigue failure under the cyclic impact. This fact is fundamental for confirming the mechanism of fatigue crack blocking by solid particles of the filler. Researches confirm that introduction of the solid particles capable of additional relaxation of stresses in a crack tip zone reduces the speed of distribution of the fatigue crack defined by the speed of polymer loading. The conducted research also confirms high tribotechnical properties of the composite material Maslyanit KSC which has increased hardness of surface layers and high impact viscosity of deep layers as a result of surface "cementation".

The paper considers the gas nitriding process with cyclic alternation of atmospheres: ammonia and an ammonia mixture with air for strengthening the corrosion-resistant high-alloyed steel 03Cr11Ni10Mo2Ti, designed to operate at cryogenic temperatures. The formation in steel of a nitrided layer of 130—150μm thickness with increased microhardness (more than 12GPa) is shown experimentally. During the final stage in the ammonia and air environment, iron oxides remain in the compound zone, and a sharp drop in hardness is observed at the border of the core. At the completion of the cyclic process with the stage of saturation in ammonia, a nitrides zone is formed based on the γ'-phase, the layer thickness increases (up to 180(...200μm) and the microhardness profile is smoothed, which reduces the risk of embrittlement.

The paper considers the steady flow of a liquid lubricant and a melt of a low-melting metal coating of the shaft surface, which have viscous rheological properties in the operating clearance of an endless radial sliding bearing, as well as in the body of the porous coating of the surface of bearing bush. In order to solve this problem, the authors used the equation of the movement of viscous lubricant for a thin layer, the equation of continuity and also the equation describing the radius of the molten contour of the fusible coating of the shaft surface, taking into account the rate of dissipation of mechanical energy. Having averaged the acceleration of the movement of the liquid lubricant in the operating clearance, the authors obtained the dependence for the contour of the molten coating of the shaft surface. As a result of the integration of the obtained dependence, the expression was found that allowed solving the function characterizing the contour of the molten surface of the coating by the method of successive approximations. Using the well-known method of finding an exact self-modal solution, the velocity field and pressure in the lubricating and porous layer, as well as the load capacity and friction force, were found. On the basis of the performed theoretical studies, the experimental study was carried out taking into account the parameters characterizing the melt of a low-melting metal coating, as well as a porous coating on the surface of the bearing bush and the rheological properties of a viscous lubricant. As a result, the original expression was obtained for the calculation of the load capacity of a radial bearing and the magnitude of the friction force in the range under the following loading conditions v=0.5÷3 m/s, σ=2÷7 MPa. The research results can be used in mechanical engineering, aircraft construction, instrument engineering, where the supply of lubricant is associated with great difficulties.

The Strategic Program for the Development of Railway Transport until 2030 focuses on the development of a customer-oriented approach as one of the conditions for the company's competitiveness. The customer focus is one of the elements of anti-crisis management of transport systems, it provides additional opportunities, especially when the volume of traffic decreases, when it is necessary to fight for attracting customers. A customer-oriented approach is closely related to the quality of the organization of transport services for passengers, which is certainly impossible without the use of modern automated technologies. Thus, a modern passenger is characterized by mobility and the habit of being online, in connection with which the passenger infrastructure and rolling stock must be provided with equipment and software that allows the passenger to remain in the familiar information environment.

The development of retail electricity markets was specific in different countries. There is an important condition for further development of an electric power system with active consumers and prosumers' participation and the integration of renewable energy sources (RES), other innovative technologies and smart solutions. This study is aimed at observation of tracks of development and of retail electricity market characteristics in some countries through introducing a uniform framework for comparison. The results can help both experts and authorities to better understand the tasks and the conditions for the processes of energy transition.

The need to apply innovations in the field of environmental modernization is related to all branches of the domestic industry. Its particular relevance for the enterprises of the mining complex necessitates the neo-industrialization of the integrated development of the subsoil resources. The article defines the conceptual conditions for the development of sustainable geotechnologies. The nonlinear nature of the dynamics of methane release into the methane drainage boreholes has been proved and an explanation of the mechanism for its implementation under the influence of situational geomechanical conditions for developing reserves of high-gas-bearing coal seams has been proposed.

The paper presents models of bands (levels) in solid (SiC)_1-x(AlN)_x luminescence centers and n-SiC/p-(SiC)_1-x(AlN)_x heterostructures (light-emitting diodes). The diagram of (SiC)_1-x(AlN)_x energy gaps shows the positions of luminescence levels, subject to x. A SiC/SiC–AlN series of electroluminescence bands, for the first time, is found to have a continuous relationship between the positions of short-wave and long-wave band maxima in a K-minimum conduction band, respectively, as continuous functions of contact current density.

Screw modules are widely used in technological and transporting machines. Their main disadvantage is low productivity due to the fact that the material moves partly in the direction of the feed and partly rotationally as a result of the torque transmitted by the screw blade to the material. The rotational component of the material movement significantly reduces the performance of the screw. The work considers the possibility of mining machines with screw modules efficiency improving by determining the rational screw shaft configuration, depending on the properties of the feed material and the operating conditions of the module, realized at the designing stage. The aim is achieved by means of a mathematical description of the screw feed process that takes into account processes occurring both on the surfaces of the material contacts with the working bodies of the machine and inside the material mass, including the occurrence of a sliding surface in the material. Furthermore, some part of the material sticks to the screw and moves in concentric circles, with no axial movement in the feed direction, which reduces the performance of the screw. The screw shaft configuration is determined by means of design procedures based on the mathematical description of the screw feeding process, given in the work. The description takes into account the processes occurring in the mass of the feed material. The resulting mathematical model of the screw feeding process allows designing screw shafts with shape identical to the sliding surface in the material, which will increase the performance of the screw module by 20-23%, by reducing the rotational component of the material movement and increasing the translational component in the feed direction.

Traditional retail electricity market models transform under the condition of new technologies development and institutional changes in countries and worldwide. New models of the retail electricity market need to be adopted to recent requirements made by different stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to advance the understanding of transformation of the electricity retail market in different countries through introducing a uniform framework for comparison. The findings provide insights for experts and authorities on how the changes in the dynamic environment led to the emergence of new market models in six surveyed countries. Specific features of different models are highlighted to ensure optimal working conditions and incorporation with managerial practices in the industry as well as to help policy makers to understand what additional measures may boost the competition in retail electricity markets.

Within the framework of the project "Development of an integrated resource-saving technology and organization of high-tech production of nanostructures based on carbon and silicon dioxide to improve the properties of building and structural materials", an automated control system for technological thermal vortex enrichment has been created, designed to obtain a modifying additive based on dioxide silicon. The main parameters of the operation of technological lines for thermal vortex enrichment of raw materials, automatic control when threshold values are reached, as well as signaling for the use of control action from automated technological lines are presented. The functions of collecting and primary processing of data, creating control actions, creating and maintaining requests and reporting, providing reporting and data analysis tools are subject to automation. Automation of these functions in the form of a graphical human-machine interface allows for continuous technological control of equipment operation and technological process parameters; ensuring the safety of the technological process in the production of a modifying additive based on silicon dioxide. The collection of data on technological processes and equipment operation, their processing, display and documentation will ensure the optimization of the technological process using advanced visualization tools, modern control algorithms and analysis of the accumulated technological information. Automation of control of the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment will ensure the minimization of the influence of the human factor on the processes of collecting and processing information about the technological process; automatic prevention of the development of emergency situations.

The main technical solutions for the creation of an automated control system for the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment were adopted for the creation of an integrated resource-saving technology and the organization of high-tech production of nanostructures based on carbon and silicon dioxide to improve the properties of building and structural materials using control digitalization techniques technological processes. The decisions were made taking into account the dependence of the process of obtaining a modifying additive containing nanostructures in the form of spherical silicon dioxide on a large number of interrelated variables, a variety of operating modes of the technological line, and instantaneous changes in parameters. Technical solutions have been developed for the structure, means and methods of communication for information exchange; interconnection with adjacent systems, ensuring its compatibility; modes of operation, diagnostics of system operation; number, qualifications and functions of personnel, modes of their work, the order of interaction. This includes also requirements for ensuring the given consumer characteristics of the system, which determine its quality; the composition of functions, complexes of tasks implemented by the system; a set of technical means, its placement at the facility. Besides, it concerns the composition of information, volume, methods of its organization, types of machine media, input and output documents and messages, information processing sequence and other components; the composition of software, languages of activity.

The current evolution in information technology will enable the railway industry to bring the concept of a customer-centric marketing approach to life. At present, the main factor for ensuring the competitiveness of the transport company, which emphasizes the position in the transport services market, is to provide a service with a qualitatively new modern level of services, based on the opinion of consumers of these services. The digitalization of railway transport and logistics, the use of modern technical means and programs allows one to improve the efficiency of the transport complex in general and on separate subsystems, as well as to ensure high quality of services. The introduction of an automated procedure for the optimal placement and fastening of the cargo in the production process will allow transport and logistics market operators to predict the occurrence of risk cases at each stage of the transport process. Algorithms for selecting the type of rolling stock to transport the cargo of the relevant category and the typical scheme of placing cargo in it, as well as the method of fixing cargo, have been developed and presented. Since the digitization of supply chains depends more on the type of cargo and the type of rolling stock chosen for transport, the construction of algorithms is based on the example of a flat-base cargo. The development of the automated procedure is based on the construction of a model scheme for placing and fastening a particular type of cargo. The results of using the developed automated procedure make it possible to determine the magnitude of the load shift and tension in the fasteners under the influence of various factors.

The article discusses the identification of a class of generalized Cobb-Douglas production functions with multiplicative errors in all variables. The article proposes a generalization of Cobb-Douglas production functions in the presence of memory for input and output variables. Parametrization of noise in the form of multiplicative noise in all observable variables is proposed. The logarithmic transformation of such production functions leads to the need to solve the problem of estimating the parameters of a linear difference equation in the presence of additive errors in all variables. To identify the parameters of production functions, a modification of the method of total least squares was used. Computational experiments have shown high accuracy of parameter estimation based on the proposed algorithm.

Beryllium bronze has the property of plasticity after heat treatment, which is a decisive factor when choosing the material of conductors in unpressurized coaxial connectors. The presence of burrs on these parts according to technical requirements is not allowed. When turning details of beryllium bronze, difficult to remove burrs appear. The aim of the study is to select a tool and cutting modes for turning small-sized high-precision parts of microwave electronics from beryllium bronze, in which there are no burrs or their size and quantity are minimal. In this study, empirical methods are used in the form of experimental selection of cutting modes and tools for the purpose of combating burrs, and analytical methods in the form of analysis of the character of burrs using the provisions of the theory of metal cutting, analysis of factors affecting the formation of burrs during machining surface parts. On CNC lathes CITIZEN CINCOM studied typical of this type of production tools ten leading manufacturers of precision cutting tools for turning. As a result of the study, it was not possible to completely exclude the appearance of burrs during machining. The smallest size and the number of burrs were obtained when machining with carbide tools manufactured by Swiss companies Fraisa, Utilis, IFANGER, Applitec. TiAlN coating is well suited for beryllium bronze treatment. When turning with a new tool at low speeds, the number of burrs decreases, their character changes, they become small drop-shaped. The processing modes recommended by the tool manufacturer differ from those selected experimentally. For further use of the selection results, it is necessary to create a database of regulatory and reference information on the types of processing for specific materials, tools, machine tools according to the accuracy criteria, taking into account the minimization of the number and size of burrs.

The theoretical basis of the processes of preparation for the production of high-precision small-sized parts of coaxial radio components on CNC machines allows you to supplement the existing CAD / CAE / CAM with fragments of algorithmizing. To integrate the stages of technological preparation for the production of high-precision small-sized parts of coaxial radio components on CNC machines, a study of the features of the production of parts and the standard functionality of CAM systems was carried out. A classification of these parts by the type of equipment, types, serial production, variable parameters within the type, materials, and tools has been developed. The possibilities of the extensibility of the functions of CAM systems, the existing methods of creating and verifying control programs are considered. An example of a successful expansion of the functionality of a standard CAM system in the radio-electronic industry is given - a module for increasing machining accuracy with a constant cutting mode by optimizing the mutual positioning of the tool and the workpiece. Requirements have been developed for the creation of a specialized combined method for verification of control programs using all existing verification capabilities and minimal use of debugging and verification directly on the machine with the maintenance of reference books of worked processing modes in which the number and size of burrs are minimal, as well as a library of control programs equipped with a search system for the parameters of the difference in the execution of parts.

The thermal impulse method of deburring is one of the most promising methods for removing unwanted liquids formed on the surface of small-sized high-precision parts of electronic equipment at the stage of blade machining. The thermal impulse method of deburring and rounding of sharp edges is characterized by constant processing time and quality, subject to the normalized size of liquids. Such qualities can significantly increase the stability of the release of parts in time, and, thanks to this, successfully implement a system of operational scheduling of production. This article describes an algorithm for calculating the time for thermal pulse processing of small-sized parts of coaxial radio components. An example of a basic generalized calculation of the time spent on thermal impulse processing of typical parts using a Pulsar-VKF thermal impulse installation of various configurations is given. Taking into account the peculiarities of thermal pulse processing of parts of coaxial radio components, a method for calculating the batch size and thermal pulse processing time, subject to algorithmization, is developed, conditions and restrictions, input and output information for the algorithm are described. Formulas for calculation are given.

The paper considers the features of management of a 6-DOF robot, developed on the basis of two interacting mechanisms of a parallel structure. Each mechanism provides movement in three independent degrees of freedom: a flat 3-RPR mechanism for installing a part and a 3-RPS mechanism (tripod) for installing a tool. It is shown that when these mechanisms are jointly controlled, it becomes necessary to correct the movement of one of them in connection with the parasitic movements of the other. The authors propose the method for the description of the position of the movable platform of the tripod, which allows using only five output coordinates. According to the authors, the platform rotation representation used in this case is more convenient to describe the interaction of mechanisms than the traditional use of Tait – Bryan angles. The algorithm was developed to correct the task by the position of the planar mechanism in order to compensate parasitic movements of the movable platform of the tripod in the horizontal plane during the control of a 6-DOF robot. On the basis of a specially constructed 6-DOF robot model with mechanisms of relative manipulation, the simulation in the MATLAB package was carried out, which confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

The existing technology of working with railway rolling stock belonging to various operators should improve the safety of the transportation process. This is one of the priority issues of the operation of the railway transport complex and is aimed at improving the safety of the goods transported, reducing the cost of repairing losses associated with loss or damage to cargo, reducing the non-productive costs of eliminating various types of traffic safety violations. At the same time, the majority of "new" operators providing services do not set out to ensure the safety of the transportation process. The main condition for them is to get the maximum amount of income and profit. These reasons have led to significant changes in the pattern of relations between cargo owners, carrier, rolling stock operator companies and require the speedy automation of most production cycles in order to ensure full control of the situation on the smooth organization of the transportation process. The article assesses the safety of the railway transport complex and constructs a mathematical model of the impact of specific indicators of the violation types on the overall safety level. The described system of mathematical predictive regression-type models can be used in the future to predict the level of security in the selected areas of activity. The factors that have the most significant impact on the safety of technical means by using the developed program complex of failure forecasting have been identified. The proposed program will enable structural managers to make reasoned decisions to improve the safety of the transportation process in both freight and passenger transport.

Mechanical engineering is the leading sphere in the industrial countries. The engineering enterprises products take the top place in a realization of the scientific and technological progress achievements in the all economy areas. The development of mechanical engineering is impossible without quality management system introduction at enterprises (hereinafter QMS), which aim is to improve technological processes, develop human resources, reduce production costs and improve competitiveness. This paper reviews the influence of quality management system on the technological efficiency of a machine-building enterprise. To effectively use the concept of total quality management (TQM), a model of a quality management system at a machine-building enterprise is proposed in four areas: quality, process, personnel and resource management. Defining the quality management concept of engineering products, current trends in the sphere of engineering enterprise development were classified according to the products life cycle stages. Developing the total quality management concept, machine-building enterprises should form their own quality concept and its continuous improvement, as well as product competitiveness. The product quality improvement concept should include an adaptation of the enterprise system model leading to the concept of total quality management.

Modern composites have good strength properties. But insufficient adhesive strength often leads to the delamination of a coating. The Poisson's ratio, modulus of elasticity, and thermal coefficient of linear expansion are of particular importance among the characteristics of materials that determine different properties of the coating and metal. The ratio of metal and coating thicknesses is also important. The work suggests that the temperature deformations associated with the polymerization of a coating influence the process of delamination of the reinforced polymer coating. Evaluation of the potential of the proposed calculated dependencies was carried out according to the results of experiments. A polymer coating consisting of «Sprut-Plus» adhesive composition and a filler (T-11-GVS-9 glass fabric) was applied to a surface of St.3 steel. For experimental studies, the reinforced polymer coating was kept in water and machine oil for 100 days. The thickness of the coating was taken to be 10 mm, and the thickness of the metal - from 3 to 6 mm. Calculated and experimental dependences of radial stresses on the relative thickness of the polymer coating are obtained. An increase in radial stresses at the interface between the layers of the metal and the reinforced polymer coating after holding the composite material in water has been established; it does not exceed 10%. Analysis of the results showed that the destruction of the adhesive metal-polymer joint is more likely than that of the polymer-polymer adhesive joint. In addition, the radial stresses are at their maximum at the interfaces. Prospects for further research in this direction are associated with express methods of repairing metal structures of complex configuration. It is necessary to increase the efficiency and reliability of calculations of curved elements consisting of metal with a reinforced polymer coating. This can be achieved by a combination of experimental and theoretical research.

The article discusses the implementation of a continuous vibroacoustic control system, in order to detect leaks and quickly prevent emergencies, describes the principles of their functioning. The existing method of recognizing leaks is considered. The analysis of non-contact methods for measuring vibration parameters is carried out, radio wave methods are highlighted as the most promising. A non-contact radio wave vibration sensor is considered, which is introduced into the pipeline monitoring system. The proposed systems of vibroacoustic control allow one to effectively diagnose the state of the pipeline at low time costs and with a low error in detecting a useful signal. The physical and mathematical meaning of the method being introduced was also considered. The scope of application of the research results relates to industries (heat power, gas and oil fields), in which complex dynamic objects are used with the need to use a non-contact method for monitoring vibration and displacement parameters.

The article discusses the use of a number of indicators of the reliability of the functioning of the hot forming process to substantiate the choice of the number of die inserts (die streams) and selection of grades of tool steels for their manufacture. There are such used reliability indicators as the probability of the absence of typical defects in the shape of the stamped forgings, the probability of predominant types of exploitative refusals of the stamp, and the absence of failures in the implementation of the technological process as a whole. The rationale for the expediency of choosing a pre-stream of the die for stamping an axisymmetric forging with a high degree of complexity taking into account the possibility of occurrence of such shape defects as clamping, shooting, and incomplete forging radii during stamping, is considered. When the choice of the grade of tool steel for die inserts was taken into account, there was the occurrence of such typical types of their exploitative refusals as adhesion wear of die streams, the formation of hot cracks and plastic crushing of the forming elements of the stamp streams. The appropriate organizational and technical decisions are adopted on the basis of a comparison of cost indicators characterizing the production costs due to scrap forgings. They are caused by the formation of shape defects during stamping and the occurrence of exploitative refusals of dies. In addition, there are the costs for the manufacture of more complex die tooling and its exploitation, i.e. production quality costs.

The construction of a high-tech modern model "Digital Railroad" is currently a key element, the implementation of which is planned for the near future. The project will create new principles and models for the work of all structural divisions of the industry in the context of the widespread penetration of digital technologies. The emergence of digital technologies will make it possible to transfer the organization and technology of functioning of transport and other systems to a qualitatively new level, new information technologies will make it possible to optimize the operation of rolling stock. According to the results of the analysis of the performance indicators of the service locomotive depot Irkutskoye, according to the model of "full service" of the locomotive fleet, it was revealed that the indicators negatively affects the financial results of the depot and negatively affects the quality of the repair performed in general. To solve this problem, it is proposed to use an automated locomotive fleet reliability management system in the Irkutsk service locomotive depot, the implementation of which will increase the availability factor, reduce downtime in repair depots, and minimize resource consumption for all types of repair and maintenance. The main consumer of the services of the locomotive fleet reliability management system is, first of all, the Russian Railways holding company and the traction directorate. They are interested in the reliable operation of the rolling stock, since during the operation of locomotives there are risks: comments on the operation of the locomotive fleet, failures and malfunctions of various degrees of complexity, cases violations of train traffic safety.

Among all technological machines and equipment, the object of the study was a drainage machine. The machine operates in particularly difficult conditions. The quality of operation depends on the maintenance of process parameters. The kinematics of a working element of the drainage machine and its suspension on the base machine significantly affect the accuracy of holding the given slope of a drain trench and slot. In recent years this issue has received considerable attention. However, the existing analytical methods for kinematic studies of drainage machine mechanisms are complex and therefore not always acceptable. The geometrical methods are used more often. The developed analytical method based on the use of complex numbers conveniently combines the analytical study of the kinematics of mechanisms with geometrical representation.

The information support of the automated control system for the technological process of thermal vortex enrichment is described. Solutions for the organization of information support, collection and transmission of information have been developed. A classification and coding system has been built. The intra-machine information base is organized according to the principle of dividing into high-level and low-level databases. It is possible to maintain an off-machine information base by creating reports for outputting information in the form of logs on paper. The composition of the information base in terms of databases is given.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the dielectric parameters of potato and onion tubers for the development of a microwave installation that provides pre-planting treatment by means of a complex effect of electrophysical factors. The sources of energy were magnetrons, Ultratone or Darsonval. The originality of the research includes analysis of the volume of planting material for determination of the required plant performance; analysis of the dielectric parameters of potatoes depending on the frequency of EMF, humidity, and temperature for calculating the power of dielectric losses per unit volume. Theoretical studies of the dielectric parameters of onions presented their structure as a "capillary model". The development of the design of a microwave installation for provides a complex effect of electrophysical factors when calibrating onions. The justification of the corona discharge intensity of electric-gas-discharge lamps is in UHFEMF. There is the study of the dynamics of onion-sowing heating, justification of effective treatment modes. The dynamics of onion heating shows that with the power of the microwave generators of 3.4 kW and Darsonval of 80 W, the drum drive power of 0.25 kW, it is possible to ensure the installation capacity of 150-200 kg/h at an energy cost of 0.025 kWh/kg.

The basic reasons for insufficient reduction of a number of safety violations in a railway transport network are systemic and are related to the current condition of the technical and technological base of transport complexes. Aging, poor conditions of fixed assets and errors in the maintenance of the transport system are in most cases the main causes of accidents and casualties. The basis for the automation of most technological railway processes is the redistribution of material, energy and information flows in accordance with the accepted criterion of optimality. According to the analysis of the statistics, this article reveals a problem that has a direct impact on the safety of train service and shunting operations in the railway transport system - that is, the number of railcars that has been damaged on public and non-public approach lines. The dependence of the number of damaged freight cars on the speed of their collision the splitting-up of the railcars on the gravity-sorting yard of the network railway stations has been determined. Automation of the technological sorting process in a single production cycle will provide the basis for the introduction of production management systems and railway management systems as a whole, while improving the safety of the transportation process itself and the production of shunting operations. In the conditions of high-speed traffic development and the introduction of innovative technologies, these requirements need to be tightened, including the widespread use of automated processes for the splitting-up of freight trains on the gravity sorting yards. Improving the operation of the freight classification yards is a major factor in accelerating and cheapening the transportation process. In recent years much attention has been paid to the automation of station operation processes, the use of advanced labor methods, the introduction of new equipment, without which the development of the station cannot ensure the efficiency of the industry as a whole. In order to eliminate these shortcomings, it is proposed to automate the process of splitting-up freight trains on the gravity-sorting yard. For this purpose, it is necessary to equip the gravity sorting yards of railway stations with a comprehensive system of the sorting process control automation.

The authors consider the development of a mathematical design model of an infinite journal bearing lubricated with a lubricant with Newtonian rheological properties and a melt of a low-melting metal alloy covering the surface of the bearing bush, as well as a porous coating on the surface of the shaft, taking into consideration the dependence of the viscosity characteristics of the lubricant, the melt and the permeability of the porous coatings on the pressure with incomplete filling of the operating clearance. The authors found asymptotic solution of the system of differential equations with respect to the parameter K due to the melt and the rate of dissipation of mechanical energy and the exact self-similar solution for the zero approximation without regard for the melt and the first approximation taking into consideration the melt. This solution was found according to the equation of motion of a viscous incompressible fluid for a thin layer, the equations of continuity, Darcy equation and the equation determining, taking into account the expression for the rate of dissipation of mechanical energy, the profile of the molten contour of the bearing bush with regard to the dependence of the permeability of the porous coating, the viscosity of the lubricant depending on pressure. As a result, the fields of velocities and pressures in the lubricating and porous layers were determined taking into consideration the dependence of the lubricant viscosity and the permeability of the porous coating on pressure, as well as the function Φ₁(θ), reasoned by the melt of the bearing bush surface. In addition, the main performance characteristics were determined: load-bearing capacity and friction force.

Tank electric heating systems are designed to compensate for heat losses to the environment. The main way of heating technological machines in the negative ambient temperatures is electric heating. Also, electric heating serves to prevent phase changes in the energy carrier. Furthermore, it is needed to control the required viscosity and maintain the set temperatures. The problem of limited resources has always faced humanity. In the field of energy this problem is now more urgent than ever before, because every year, the planet's hydrocarbon reserves are becoming less and less. Hydrocarbon cost is increasing, which leads to an increase in the cost of the final product. Therefore, it is necessary to use resources more efficiently, increase the efficiency of equipment, and introduce new technologies. In addition to limited resources, the problem of environmental pollution is no less acute.

The authors analyzed the state of the process scheme, which is a structural part of the water supply treatment facilities. The research results can be applied in oil and gas, chemical, metallurgical and energy industries. In particular, the authors for the first time propose an efficient scheme for the reuse of heat to obtain purified water. Currently, a way to reduce energy consumption by introducing a plant based on an organic Rankine cycle has been considered. The metallurgical production has such equipment as converters, coke ovens, scrubbers, gas ducts, cooling boilers, waste heat boilers. The heat recovery schemes developed by the authors increase the efficiency of the process equipment in the metallurgical industry. In the work of enterprises, low-potential heat of soil, water, air is increasingly used. One of the main directions of energy saving to increase the energy efficiency of the boiler house is to increase the heat utilization rate of the fuel at power plants. Boiler houses that run on gas lose at least 13-18% of heat with flue gases. In the article, the authors propose to combine the methods of heat utilization. Namely, a contact heat exchanger and an organic Rankine cycle are used. The water temperature is significantly reduced due to the fact that the collectors are designed to transport water. In this regard, experts consider it expedient to utilize the heat of wastewater not only at treatment plants, but also directly in the building itself. Prospects for the use of the authors' developments are associated with their further implementation at industrial enterprises of the metallurgical industry.

The article discusses the possibility of using converter steam to improve energy efficiency. The development of the authors will improve the performance of technological equipment in mechanical engineering. The problem of inefficient use of heat and loss of energy exists at mechanical engineering enterprises. In addition, environmental safety must be ensured at a high technological level. The above scientific problems are solved in this article by the authors. To solve the set tasks, scientific methods are used related to the generalization of data sets, their processing and the construction of an optimization model. In addition, variants of technical solutions at the enterprises of the energy industry are shown. To determine the long-term direction of increasing the energy efficiency of the facility, it is necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of the options. We have analyzed the use of converter steam for heating process equipment. It can be concluded that the method has mainly strengths, but since steam production has an almost constant cycle, the use of this method will not have a positive effect on eliminating problems. Prospects for using the technological solutions developed by the authors are associated with their practical application at metallurgy and mechanical engineering enterprises. It should be noted that the authors were the first to propose such a method for utilizing heat.

Electrochemical corrosion of construction parts made of structural steels appears due to different electrochemical potentials (ECP) of contacting materials. The values of ECP of carbon steels may be more or less compensated by forming of alloyed layers or coatings by methods of thermochemical treatment (TCT). The following combinations of TCT were examined for surface modification of steels: (a) application of zinc coatings by a method of cold zinc-plating with subsequent classical gas nitriding in ammonia; (b) joint diffusion saturation by zinc and nitrogen; (c) joint diffusion saturation with chromium and nickel. Metallographic and microhardness methods were used for the study of modified layers and coatings. Strengthened layers with a thickness up to 140...150 microns were formed in low-carbon steels after nitriding of zinc coatings at 540°C for 24 hours, and after combined TCT with multicomponent saturation by Cr+Ni at 1000°C for 7 hours. Both methods of TCT increase the corrosion resistance of low-carbon steels and low-alloyed steels. Corrosion products examination in 5% NaCl salt fog shows that the dissolution of nitrided Zn coating and formation of corrosion products slow down with the increase of zinc concentration in the coating.

The proposed algorithm for calculating the sealing pressures of the shut-off valve allows one to take into account the structural features of its components and their elements that affect the amount of sealing pressures. These parts are divided into the mounting system and sealing system. Analytical dependencies for determining the forces acting in these systems allow us to determine the force values when tightening fasteners, during pressure buildup and release, and also when exposed to temperatures. When calculating the specific structure of the shut-off valve, it is shown that the forces in its sealing system and mounting system exceed the values determined by known methods of calculation, respectively, 1.4 and 1.2 times. The magnitude of these discrepancies for different structures of shut-off valves may differ from those indicated and depends on the number of components included in the stop valve station. In this regard, the proposed calculation method allows determining not only the forces in the shut-off valve, but also the optimal number of components and connections that will ensure safe operating conditions. It is shown that the method of calculating forces in the stop valve station used in practice is a special case in which the stiffness coefficient of the stop valve station α = 1. The proposed calculation method makes it possible to more accurately determine the forces acting in the shut-off valve, the sealing conditions and the stress-strain state of the components. The introduction of the developed calculation method is connected with the development of a regulatory document on its basis to replace the existing methods of calculating the stop valve station in shut-off valves.

The developed method for determining the sealing forces in a shut-off valve takes into account the design features of its components and their elements, which affect the amount of sealing pressure. The components and assemblies of the shut-off valve that provide the creation of sealing pressure are referred to the fastening system or the sealing system. Dependences for determining the forces acting in these systems are analytically revealed. The values of forces are determined when tightening fasteners, when increasing and releasing pressure, as well as when they are exposed to temperatures. The calculation of the specific structure of the shut-off valve shutdown showed that the forces in the sealing system of the check valve prototype are 1.4 times higher than the values obtained using known calculation methods, and the forces in the mounting system of this check valve are 1.2 times higher than the calculated values. The magnitude of the discrepancy between the calculated and actual values of the forces for different designs of shut-off valves may differ and depends on the number of components included in the station shut-off valve. The proposed method for determining the sealing forces in the shut-off valve makes it possible to determine not only the forces in the shut-off valve, but also the optimal number of components and connections that will ensure safe operating conditions. It is shown that the method of calculating the forces in the station shut-off valve, used in practice, is a special case in which the stiffness coefficient of the station shut-off valve is equal to unity. The proposed method for determining the sealing forces in the shut-off valve makes it possible to more accurately determine the forces acting on the shut-off valve, the sealing conditions and the stress-strain state of the components. To implement the developed methodology for determining the sealing forces in the shut-off valve of the stop station in the shut-off valves, it is necessary to develop regulatory documents formalizing the application of this method.

The current production activity of modern commercial organizations is focused on the use of effective technological solutions. The main goal of any commercial organization that carries out production and sales activities is the release of a certain type of industrial product that meets certain consumer and quality characteristics. Any commercial activity is focused on improving the efficiency of technological processes using rational approaches to save production resources to further maximize profits. When building a technological production chain, it is necessary to analyze production business processes, taking into account both the individual needs of consumers in industrial products and taking into account the main goal of a commercial organization, taking into account the introduction of modern technological solutions. The study proposes to introduce an effective technological solution into the production process, based on the results of simulation (for example, furniture production). Therefore, to assess the performance of technological processes and the effectiveness of the use of machinery and equipment, it is necessary to apply an approach to the implementation of an effective technological solution. For this, it becomes necessary to develop an algorithm for the implementation of an effective technological solution, taking into account the optimization of production business processes based on simulation, based on increasing the efficiency of using machines and equipment and reducing downtime in the production process chain.

A great part of the territory of the Russian Federation is located in the zone of permafrost soils. Safe operation management of buildings and structures, in permafrost conditions, requires geotechnical monitoring of subgrade soils. The increase in air temperature recorded during numerous monitoring leads to the degradation of permafrost soils. Therefore, the problem of conducting geotechnical monitoring becomes more urgent than ever. This paper analyzes the existing methods and systems for geotechnical monitoring of permafrost soils. The authors reveal the drawbacks of the applied methods and the reasons that do not allow assessing the state of frozen soils with sufficient accuracy. In order to solve these problems, it is proposed to use an active acoustic method of non-destructive testing and create a system that combines an engineering-geological method determining the deformation properties of frozen soils and active acoustic method.

The article presents the method of determining the reduced moments of a mixer mechanism with an epicyclic gear and a rocker arm. The method consists of using a mathematical model of the mechanism; determining the change of process load on the device working shaft; determining the dependence of the moments change on inertia forces and their values and reducing them to the main shaft of the device. It also includes determining the dependence of the change in the total moments values on the forces of useful resistance and on the moments of inertia forces and reducing them to the main shaft of the device.

When manufacturing parts for thermal control systems for operation in especially difficult conditions of the North and in spacecraft, titanium and complex alloyed alloys are used. They are subject to increased quality requirements. They are achieved through simulation modeling. The solution is based on a dynamic model in which the contact interaction between the tool flank and the workpiece is differentiated. The process of contact interaction is considered as two-phase in the form of a sequence of states of adhesion and sliding. In the space of state variables, a system of nonlinear differential equations of piecewise linear type is constructed based on a set of rheological models. Based on this model, simulation modeling was carried out in the form of a computational experiment. A periodic solution is obtained which is formed as a result of switching the sliding and adhesion phases. In the graphs presented in the paper, the transition from the adhesion phase to the sliding phase is accompanied by a surge in displacement. In this case, in the phase portrait, the phase trajectory reaches the limit cycle with a limited amplitude. At the moment of transition from the adhesion phase to the sliding phase, a characteristic deviation of the phase trajectory from the limit cycle with an increased amplitude is observed, followed by a return to the limit cycle. With a wide variation in cutting speed, the conditions for technical stability are determined. During the simulation, a dynamic manifestation of the formation of chip elements was found, which did not have a serious impact on the nature of dynamic processes. The results obtained make it possible to study the dynamics of contact interactions during cutting in the framework of nonlinear dynamic models. This makes it possible to assess the level of vibration amplitudes and determine the regulated parameters of processing accuracy and surface roughness of manufactured products.

This article discusses the dynamic modeling of contact interactions in the technological system of machining in the turning process based on piecewise linear approximation. A feature of the model is that it differentiates between the conditions of contact interaction between the front surface of the tool and the coming off chips, as well as between the back surface of the tool and the workpiece being processed. The consideration is based on the two-term characteristic of friction, realized in the form of a sequence of sliding and adhesion phases. In this case, the process of contact interaction in each phase is described by a set of rheological models. The phase switching conditions are determined by the rate of relative contact interactions, as well as the contact pressures between the front surface of the tool and the chips, between the back surface of the tool and the workpiece. Differentiated description of contact interactions from the front and back surfaces of the tool made it possible to build a tool for studying the processes of self-regulation of contact interactions in dynamic contours and the connectivity between them, which allows us to determine the conditions for the formation of self-oscillations that the dynamic system imposes on itself. The performed experimental studies have shown the correspondence between the nature of the movements during modeling and real cutting.

The article presents a method for the automated calculation of the magnitude of the efforts in the means of securing cargo fixed to the rolling stock in accordance with the Technical Conditions for Stowing and Securing Cargo in Wagons and Containers - a regulatory document of JSC Russian Railways (hereinafter referred to as TU). The method provides for all possible factors of the influence of the forces acting on the transported cargo as a result of its movement from the point of loading to the point of unloading, including the necessary technological operations performed along the route, using the example of a cargo with a flat base using the capabilities of the computing environment. The obtained research results are supposed to be used by shippers in the development of the optimal method for placing and securing transported goods on the rolling stock. The automated calculation method will allow obtaining the predicted value of the cargo shift value both along and across the car from the total effect of longitudinal, transverse and vertical forces acting on the cargo along the way. These values make it possible to optimally determine the place of installation of thrust bars on the car floor, depending on the geometric parameters of the transported cargo and the chosen method of fastening it to the rolling stock.

The work established the nature of the effect of an artificial filler made of calcium hydrosilicates of various basicity on the physical and mechanical properties of non-autoclave silicate composites based on unconventional aluminosilicate raw materials, represented by clay rocks of an unfinished stage of mineral formation. It is determined that the optimal content of an artificial filler of the composition CaO:SiO₂ is 1:1 in the raw mixture is in the range of 1–3 wt.%. The available interval makes it possible to vary the composition of the initial mixture and obtain products with the required properties, which is especially important when the material composition of the feedstock fluctuates, as well as in case of violation of the production technology. The rational content of the artificial filler of the composition CaO:SiO₂ = 2:1 is 1 wt. %. It is shown that the addition of an artificial filler promotes the formation of a cementitious substance from neoplasms of a higher degree of crystallization, which contributes to an increase in the strength and water resistance of the material. Mathematical models are proposed for the selection and optimization of the compositions of non-autoclave silicate materials based on unconventional aluminosilicate raw materials and modified with an artificial filler represented by calcium hydrosilicates of various basicity to obtain materials with a compressive strength of 18-23 MPa with an average density of finished products of 1750-2000 kg/m³.

Methods of restoration of hydraulic control valve spools by galvanic coatings are considered. Methods for preparing parts for applying electroplated composite coatings in order to increase the adhesion strength of electrolytic iron to alloy steel are proposed. The optimal modes of electrolysis for obtaining high-quality galvanic coatings are selected, the composition of the electrolyte is substantiated and the optimal content of the dispersed phase in it is selected. The design features of the coating bath for active mixing of the dispersed phase in the electrolyte are substantiated. The parameters of the technological process for spools restoration by applying composite galvanic iron-based coatings are proposed.

The article describes the mathematical model of a hydraulic support system of the powered support sections with impulse-free continuous regulation of its resistance to the roof rock lowering. Safety valves of the hydraulic support perform only protective functions. Mathematical modeling was carried out using the Runge-Kutta method and the Wolfram Mathematica computer algebra system. The results of modeling the transient process of the hydraulic support system with a built-in block for regulating its resistance during impulse loading of the support section with a collapsed roof rock block at "Polosukhinskaya" mine are presented.

Among the mechanisms that transform rotational motion into translational motion, helical gears of rolling, which provide higher efficiency and speed, are currently dominant. These include ball-screw gears and roller-screw gears. A comparative analysis of these showed that the latter has a number of limitations compared to the former. Serial production requires the development of automated technologies for machining, assembly and testing, the use of high-precision metrological equipment to control functional surfaces with minimal time costs in digital automated systems. Modern measuring instruments, such as contour meters allow for element-by-element control of the parameters of threaded surfaces. In the manufacture of high-tech products such as an electromechanical drive, the use of element-wise control is the only way to ensure product quality. However, not enough standardization of the parameters of the thread of the roller-screw gears requires the development of a set of requirements that provide the specified operational characteristics of the product. The work is devoted to the standardization of the parameters of the special roller-screw gears thread used in the electromechanical drive manufactured by AO Diakont. This article discusses issues related to the standardization of the accuracy parameters of the profiles of high-precision roller-screw gears, metrological support tools, a set of techniques and software based on a systematic approach to inputting, outputting and transmitting information about measurement results and evaluating their validity. The application of the proposed control methodology allowed improving the quality of products and reducing its cost.

The paper discusses a typical example of recognizing a sheet metal part containing 2 structural elements. According to the developed recognition algorithm, a software module was implemented for automated recognition of structural elements in a 3-dimensional model of parts with the * .stp extension, which allowed working not only with models made in the Siemens NX system, but also, in general, with almost any 3D models exported in this format. The result of recognition can be used to develop systems that design technological processes for the production of mechanical engineering products, including at aircraft production enterprises.

The paper presents a variant of the formation of a part from a hard-to-form case. The calculation of the required area of the movable clamp depending on the stresses arising during the formation of the "undercut" is performed. The results of real and virtual experiments are presented. The conclusions about the applicability of the technology and the advantages that the use of a movable clamp gives are made.

The paper presents the calculation of the pressure at the first transition during the formation of the "undercuts" on which corrugation takes place. The formulas in general form for the stresses at the first transition and the required pressure depending on the length of the sweep are derived. The results with the finite element analysis of formation and field experiments are compared. The conclusions about the verification of the results are drawn.

The paper considers the problem related to the compensation of springing in the fitting of parts produced by longitudinal stretching. The imitating modeling of shaping by longitudinal stretching using elasto-plastic model of material taking into account anisotropy was carried out on the example of one element. The adequacy of modeling was checked according to the following criteria: deformation ratio; thinning; Keller-Godwin's chart and required shaping force. Conclusions were drawn on the adequacy of modeling. Implicit calculation of springing gradients in an element was carried out and thus the iterative calculation of compensation of springing in the fitting. The negative effect of springing compensation at such scheme of shaping is shown. Change of the springing size in the course of iterative calculation of springing compensation in the fitting is also shown.

The paper considers problem related to the compensation of springing of parts produced by longitudinal stretching. It proposes the method of eliminating this effect by replacing the shaping method with transverse stretching. A finite element simulation of transverse stretching for the selected element produced by longitudinal stretching was carried out. The analysis of results revealed elimination of negative phenomenon of springing. After changing the scheme, the nature of the workpiece movement during springing became classic. The paper describes the procedure for the geometry of the element to determine problems in the compensation of fitting related to springing. The method takes into account the geometric parameters of the curvature radii of the element in different directions and the relations between them. The criteria for identifying problem parts are presented.

In some cases, 3D-printed products must be able to resist the stresses caused by their functionality. The design of bionic artificial hand is considered as a construction made using 3D printing technology, the strength of which must be assessed. The artificial limb is made using extrusion plastic printing. In order to assess the strength of the artificial limb, the experimental study of the samples made using 3D printing technology was carried out. The influence of three parameters on the strength characteristics of the samples was studied: the percentage of filling, the filling pattern and the direction of the material layering in the sample.

At present, the experience of exploitation of various fields shows that a lot of associated water and gas is extracted during the oil production process. A liquid is extracted from wells, which is a complex mixture of various hydrocarbons in various aggregate states, various impurities and water. The water extracted from the reservoir negatively affects the equipment, causing its abrasion. At the same time, the period of major repairs is being shortened. The object of the current research is a gas condensate field. The purpose of this work is to increase the efficiency of the gas dehydration process by improving mass-transfer, as well as to analyze the gas collection and treatment system. At the same time, the analysis of the arrangement of technological schemes of equipment for gas treatment and absorption is carried out.

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of insulation of absorbing intervals during penetration of rocks. The proposed systematic approach makes it possible to effectively apply insulation methods in various mining conditions of well construction. The methods for controlling the absorption of drilling fluids in the conditions of abnormally low layer pressures are combined in a systematic technology.

The paper studies the dynamics of fracture reservoir management during the solution of the problems of the increase in the efficiency of development of oil deposits with hard-to-recover reserves. The directions of the creation of models of multichannel telemetry systems are studied from the point of view of the proposed concepts, as well as the conditions under which the study of well conditions is carried out. The results show that these telemetry systems can function in a well when the sensor elements are integrated, which are based on a single-core armored cable.

A new methodological approach is presented in determining design of current clay acid treatments of wells. The proposed scientific and methodological approach allows differentiating for different groups of objects in the Langepass region to determine certain technological parameters of impact on the bottom hole zone of formations, taking into account the features of geological and physical properties of formations and fluids saturating them. In special cases, it is suggested to use acid retarders for reaction with rock. The authors proposed algorithm for determining wells where the maximum effect can be obtained at a specific time.

Typical wells have been identified in the conditions of the Langepass group deposits, according to which modeling of the clay-acid process on the bottom-hole formation zone has been performed. There was a significant increase in the efficiency of operations based on the use of developed models, which allows choosing the most optimal technologies and exposure parameters depending on the properties of the productive formations.

The article shows that modelling and design definition of the impact requires the differentiation for a specific well-formation system. The authors found that the effective use of acid-clay exposure in terrigenous strata is possible in various geological and technological conditions considering the criteria for the impact applicability and the implementation of a specific impact design. They proposed to use selective acidic solutions of selective action to increase the efficiency of secondary acid treatments.

The article analyzes the reason and factors of declining in key indicators of quality and efficiency of well construction and operation, which have led to a long-term stagnation in drilling technology. To handle the urgent issues, a systematic approach to implement the complex of hydro-mechanical hardening of an open-hole well by the synchronous and coordinated action of hydraulic monitoring strings of drilling fluids is proposed. The indicators of quality and efficiency of the complex compared to the traditional ones, which exceed the former by two or more times, are provided.

The article presents the results of the process modeling of gas displacement of oil. The proposed model takes into account the features of the state and changes in the physical and chemical state of formation systems on exposure to formation fluids with various gases-carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons. Numerical experiments made it possible to predict changes in technological parameters of impact objects and determine the incremental value in the oil recovery factor for Devonian fields of several oil-fields in Bashkortostan.

The oil companies focus on the prevention of leakage of the producing well to ensure the long-term well viability. The article considers the rationale for preventive measures to reduce the risks to the integrity of the strings and ensure the operation of the wells for the duration of their use. The authors propose tools for analysing the condition of wells as well as technical and technological solutions for extending the operation of the well without damage.

This article presents the theoretical and numerical implementation of the possibility of heating a reservoir with hard-to-recover oil. In a radial one-dimensional formulation, the article proposes a solution to the problem of hard-to-recover oil filtration with an increased viscosity coefficient. The procedure is performed in a reservoir using the thermal method of exposure in a single horizontal channel. Hot steam or water flows are used as a heat carrier. Only one channel is used as a heated and production well, which operates alternately.

The article considers a two-stage exposure to the formation. At the 1st stage, the combined exposure of high-frequency (HF) electromagnetic (EM) and sonic fields on the oil formation are performed without simultaneous formation fluid withdrawal. At the 2nd stage, the HF EM field is affected on the formation and at the same time, a low-viscosity solvent is injected into it. At the 1st stage, the bottom-hole zone is strongly warmed up due to the total thermal effect of the fields and an increase in the effective thermal conductivity of the medium due to acoustic treatment on the formation. At the 2nd stage, the solvent injected into a formation withdraws heat from the bottom-hole formation zone (BHFZ) further into the field. The dependence of the oil displacement front by the solvent on the dispersion parameter of the porous medium is considered.

The article deals with an important issue of efficiency of using energy supplied into each of the elements of the Venturi-type pipe, i.e. the value of energy efficiency coefficient. The issue coverage requires conducting comparative studies of the specific surface area of bubbles in a gas-liquid system and the mass transfer coefficients in a pipe with a periodically changing cross-section and in a cylindrical pipe with other conditions being equal. The proposed method of excitation of pulsations in a moving fluid flow can be used for the processes of splitting droplets and bubbles in a continuous liquid phase, since this creates favorable conditions - significant amplitudes of pressure, speed and acceleration at a frequency of about dozens of Hertz.

Determining the resistance value of filters with a filtering surface of mesh and block type is difficult mathematically. This is because many parameters affecting the shell filtration capacity. As for the mesh filters, depending on the type of weaving, the different thickness of weft and warp, the different size in the horizontal and vertical planes, the frame structure which is integral with the mesh have critical influence. As for block constructions, it is the size and uniformity of the composition of the particles, the thickness of the filter shell, the geometry of the filtration channels and other features that play the role. It is, therefore, more convenient for such filters to assess their permeability. The most promising filters are the frames with horizontal slots which have considerably less resistance and interference of the holes. In addition, the features of the frame-rod filter device make it easy to realize a greater inlet area than in other designs, with the same minimum size of the slots. Recommendations for choosing the inlet areas and the size of the filter slots should consider factors related to well production rate, the formation fluid viscosity, particle size distribution of the formations, granulometric composition of the formation, consolidation factor of the bottom-hole zone, clodding and bridging of the deposits.

The paper presents the results of testing of new production equipment of wells, as well as the operating modes of horizontal wells in the conditions of development of multilayer facilities. The paper also presents the results of drilling small-diameter wells, the methods of oil production intensification, and the principles of operation of pumping equipment with an electric valve with account for optimal draw-downs on reservoirs. The suggested approach to the operation of horizontal, sub-horizontal and directional wells of small diameter allows increasing the technical and economic indicators of the development of complex multilayer facilities. It is proposed to use the developed technology in the operation of two or more reservoirs in conjunction with the implementation of dual injection into the exploited reservoirs through injection wells in the center of the element of development.

Based on the analysis of many years of experience in the operation of the Tuymazinskaya group of oil fields, it has been established that one of the most effective methods for restoring the injectivity of injection wells is chemical treatment of the bottomhole zone of wells with various acid compositions in conjunction with well reperforation and the use of coiled tubing technologies.

The study of the process of developing oil reserves in one of the fields with hard-to-recover reserves of the Tournaisian stage of the Volga-Ural oil and gas basin. A significant increase in the oil recovery factor was established when using in-circuit waterflooding as compared to the development of deposits in natural mode. The influence on the degree of reserves recovery is shown by the density of the grid of wells, geological heterogeneity, the sweep efficiency by injection by thickness, variations in the injectivity profile in injection wells. Models are proposed to assess the parameters of the efficiency of waterflooding systems.

The article proposes an algorithm for qualitative assessment of the response degree of producing wells to water injection into wells for the conditions of oil deposits of the Tournaisian stage of the Volga-Ural oil and gas province, based on the use of the method of canonical discriminant functions (CDF). The obtained CDF equations and distributions make it possible to quickly solve the issues of assessing success of a particular waterflooding system, select wells for transferring them to injection, evaluate the density of the grid of production and injection wells, pressure and volumes of water injection at the stage of drawing up the first design documents.

At present, the development of more effective methods for preparing such oils requires special attention due to the growing share of hard-to-extract high-viscous hydrocarbon reserves. The study examined the effectiveness of the thermochemical method and the method combining microwave radiation intended to separate high-viscous emulsions resulting from the thermal methods to increase oil recovery. The results of the research justify the need to use a complex impact aimed at separating persistent oil emulsions.

The article deals with the hydraulic drive of the bottom-hole pump and analyzes the hydraulic drive operation. The authors outline peculiar failures of the hydraulic distributor of oil system control and suggest a technical solution for efficient operation of a hydraulic distributor designed to redirect the flow of liquids circulating in the hydraulic drive of the bottom-hole pump. The solution allows increasing the inter-repair period and reducing the energy consumption of the hydraulic drive.

The article examines the issue of selecting and justifying efficiency parameters of a noise-resistant downhole telemetry system that measures and transmits borehole information to the surface via an electromagnetic communication channel. The work is devoted to the continuation of research on the synthesis of systems capable of transmitting messages from oil wells equipped with sucker rod pumps from a depth of up to two thousand meters. To ensure noise immunity, coding is proposed in the residual class system with the possibility of error correction in the neural network basis.

Based on the geological and routine analysis are represented the effective application areas of methods of simulating production and enhanced oil recovery of fields developed by the TPP "Langepasneftegaz". Based on laboratory experiments, the composition of composite systems of recovery methods on productive formations has been established. The technologies adaptation of the bottom-hole zone treatment of wells and formations of the Langepas group of fields was carried out.

In order to improve the development of fields at a later stage, this article considered the use of water-gas repression together with the dissolved gas energy. The theoretical basis of the study is based on the application of the method of physical modeling of oil displacement by water. As a result, it was found that waterflooding would be more effective when such an activity is carried out in the early stages of development. Waterflooding can also be effective in old, depleted fields with shallow depths of oil-bearing horizons. The article states that in flooded deposits, where the reservoir pressure did not drop below the bubble point pressure, it is advisable to reduce the reservoir pressure to the bubble point pressure (to carry out forced withdrawal). After that, water injection should be resumed with 30-50% compensation. It has been established that in order to increase the efficiency of the development of fields developed in the dissolved gas mode, waterflooding must be started at a reservoir pressure that is 30–70% less than the bubble point pressure. The best option for the development of such deposits is the presence of active edge waters. If they are absent, it is advisable to end water in the aquifer with compensation of withdrawals from 20 to 40% after the start of gas extraction from oil.

The article presents the results of the analysis of the main vibration causes of a submersible electric centrifugal pump and its consequences. It gives recommendations for minimizing the vibration with the installation of an electric centrifugal pump (ESP). The article analyzes the problem of breaks' occurrence in the submersible unit assemblies is a result of the influence of various factors during the operation of the ESP. This type of failure is the most dangerous, since the fall of equipment to the bottom of the well is accompanied by damage to pump unit assemblies, cable rupture, jamming of equipment in the casing, and blockage of the filtration zone. Elimination of such accidents is characterized by significant costs for lifting the fallen equipment and restoring the bottom of the well, while the economic losses associated with an increase in the volume of work and the time of the forced downtime of the well increases significantly. The research identifies a number of reasons causing the accident, carries out the analysis of existing techniques and methods of eliminating "flights", and proposes a telemetry device to solve this problem.

The article is devoted to the relevant topic of more accurate selection of the design of the bottom-hole assembly (BHA) with a hydraulic test stand to create the necessary axial stress on the bit during drilling with coiled tubing rigs. A mathematical model of the BHA as a dynamic system with linear coefficients during longitudinal vibrations while drilling wells with a coiled-tubing system has been developed and analytically investigated. Analytical dependencies for determining the dynamic parameters of coiled-tubing BHA by a hydraulic test stand have been refined when operating in a directional well.

Effectiveness of wave processes in tubing strings, wells and long pipelines may be limited by damping of hydrodynamic waves along the length of the channel. Violation of thermodynamic equilibrium in reservoir fluids during their rise to the surface and in ground pipelines may be accompanied by the release of asphalt-resin-paraffin components in the flow of crystals due to a decrease in temperature and pressure. Subsequent depositing of crystals takes place as they grow, due to adhesion to the wall of pipes, the surface of equipment. Deposits are most intensified in areas of local expansion and narrowing of the cross-section area of the flow (occurrence of vortices).

To be operated effectively by the production and injection wells, the nature of oil reservoir production is largely determined. The efficient operation of wells depends on geological and technological factors. This refers to their exploitation with oil output equal to the potential capabilities of the reservoir when it is fully served by the filtration process. The bottom-hole zone (BHZ) is in a non-equilibrium thermodynamic state of energy and mass exchange with the well and the reservoir. The contamination of the bottom-hole zone has a significant impact on the effectiveness of wells.

During well operation, there is a leaky cement ring, which is due to various reasons, the main of which are the technology of casing production strings and the used grouting materials that do not regard the actual geological and technical conditions of wells. Thus, the most important task is to ensure high-quality annulus insulation during well cementing. Theoretical studies which can be used to calculate the volume of fluid outflowing from a cemented and uncemented casing regarding the pressure distribution in a vertical well on conditions that data on the characteristics of the casing and working fluid is known are an urgent issue.