Table of contents

The International Conference on Engineering and Applied Technology (ICEAT) was first launched in 2017 at Mataram hosted by Universitas Muhammdiyah Mataram. The second conference was in 2018 at Banda Aceh hosted by Universitas Muhammdiyah Aceh. The third ICEAT present is hosted by Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sorong, West Papua, Indonesia. The 3^rd ICEAT is organized by Science and Technology Association of Muhammadiyah Higher Education (AST-PTM) as well as jointly with Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar, Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, Universitas

Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Universitas

Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, and Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka (UHAMKA). On behalf of the organizing committee, I cordially welcome to all the delegates of the 3^rd ICEAT 2019.

Being in the third event, the 3^rd ICEAT 2019 is aimed at keeping abreast of the current development and innovation in the advanced of research area on Engineering and Applied Technology as well as providing an engage forum for participants to share knowledge and expertise in related issues. In this conference, submitted papers were limited in five conference tracks. The committee member blindly reviewed as well as provided the technical comments to all the submitted paper before ensuring that submitted paper is qualified. Finally we are accepting 52 papers to be presented in the conference. The accepting papers are covering the scope include: Electronics Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Informatics Engineering, Computer Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Architecture, Chemical Engineering, Applied Science, and Agrotechnology as well.

Last but not least, I do hope through this conference will convey a good opportunity for sharing at the forefront of the field and an informal exchange of ideas, knowledge and friendship in a relaxing environment. Then, our academic and social atmosphere will become more active year to year.

Warm Regards

General Chair

Aster Rahayu, S.Si., M.Si., Ph.D

Organizing Committee General Chair

List of Organizing Committee are available in this pdf.

List of editors are available in this pdf.

Applied Technology (ICEAT)

List of Licence terms and conditions, Statement of Peer Review are available in this pdf.

Organized by

List of Organizers and Sponsors are available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

This study aims to determine the effect of the application of Trichoderma sp. Fungi. and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria as biofertilizer agents and P fertilizer doses as well as interactions between microbial biofertilizer agents and P fertilizer doses on vegetative growth and early appearance of red chilli flower flowers to the initial flowering period. This greenhouse experiment was arranged factorially in a completely randomized design. The first factor was the application of microbial biofertilizer agents consisting of no microbes, Trichoderma sp., And P. fluorescens, while the second factor was the dosage of P fertilizer per 5,000 g of soil planting medium consisting of 0, 0.5, and 1.0 g SP-36. Nine combinations of treatments repeated three times to obtain 27 experimental units. The variables observed were plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, wet weight and stover dry weight at 42 days after planting (DAP) and the beginning of flower emergence. The data were analyzed by 5% ANOVA followed by a 5% HSD Test to determine the difference in influence between treatments. The results showed a very significant interaction effect between the application of microbial agents and the dose of phosphate fertilizer to height, stem diameter, leaf area, wet weight and dry weight of stover and the initial flowering time at 42 DAP. The application of P. fluorescens bacteria as a biofertilizer agent combined with 0.5 g SP-36 fertilizer dose per 5,000 g of planting media showed the highest growth effect of red chili plants at age 42 DAP in terms of plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, stover wet weight, stover dry weight, and earlier flower appearance.

This study aims to obtain Trichoderma fungi and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria obtained from soybean planting fields and test their ability as biofertilizer agents to assist soybean growth until the end of the vegetative phase. From the soybean crop field, Trichoderma fungi and P. fluorescens (Pf) were isolated. After purification, observations were made to determine morphological physical characteristics both macroscopically and microscopically. Pf bacterial isolates were tested for their performance characteristics to ensure that bacteria were not pathogenic. For work power testing, as a biofertilizer agent, a factorial experiment was prepared in a completely randomized design (CRD). As the first factor, Trichoderma consists of without and with Trichoderma, while the second factor is Pf bacteria consisting of without and with Pf. The experiment was repeated four times so that 16 experimental units were obtained. The variables observed were plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and time of initial average flower appearance. Data were analyzed by ANOVA followed by HSD testing on a 5% test tarf. The results showed that the fungi Trichoderma sp. obtained by having single-celled, smooth-walled conidia measuring 3.2 x 2.0 µm, green with irregular upright hyaline conidiophores. As for P. fluorensence does not cause foul symptoms in test potatoes which are non-pathogenic. Fungi Trichoderma sp. TC-Jro-02 isolates and Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria which were applied as biofertilizer agents were each increasing and inhibiting growth in plant height, leaf number, stover dry weight, and dry weight of soybean root of Dena varieties grown in shade up to 30 days after planting. Interactions between them affect the dry weight of stover and the dry weight of plant roots. The bacterial activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibits the effect of the performance of Trichoderma fungi in supporting the growth of soybean plants in the shade.

A secure academic information system is part of the college. The security of academic information systems is very important to maintain information optimally and safely. Along with the development of technology, academic information systems are often misused by some irresponsible parties that can cause threats. To prevent these things from happening, it is necessary to know the extent to which the security of the academic information system of universities is conducted by evaluating. So the research was conducted to determine the Maturity Level on the governance of the security of University Ahmad Dahlan academic information system by using the COBIT 5 framework on the DSS05 domain. The DSS05 domain on COBIT 5 is a good framework to be used in implementing and evaluating related to the security of academic information systems. Whereas to find out the achievement of evaluation of academic information system security level, CMMI method is needed. The combination of the COBIT 5 framework on the DSS05 domain using the CMMI method in academic information system security is able to provide a level of achievement in the form of a Maturity Level value. The results of the COBIT 5 framework analysis of the DSS05 domain use the CMMI method to get a Maturity level of 4,458 so that it determines the achievement of the evaluation of academic information systems at the tertiary level is Managed and Measurable. This level, universities are increasingly open to technological developments. Universities have applied the quantification concept in each process, and are always monitored and controlled for performance in the security of academic information systems.

Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) model is the best model to forecast the time series data. In this research, The Fuzzy Feed Forward Neural Network (FFFNN) with backward propagation method is used to predict the Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) data time series in 2018. Fuzzy is used as input to the FFNN model because it is overcome the weaknesses of the inaccurate results of the FFNN when the data is unclear or incomplete. The purposes of this research are to explain the procedure to generate the FFFNN model. The steps of the FFFNN model prepare the input data to become a fuzzy number using Growth-S Curve fuzzification; the second is divide the data into two training and testing data, the third is determining the best neural network architecture with different neurons and hidden layers to get the best weights that used for the forecasting model. In this research, the best FFFNN model is built by 19 neurons and one hidden layer with 90% and 10% training and testing data, respectively. Therefore with the model obtained, forecasting produces the value of MSE 0.0018 in training and 0.0004 in testing. From the MSE values obtained, it can be concluded that the forecasting using FFFNN model is reasonable to predict.

Along with the time running, traditional architecture starts to be limited by time. While traditional architecture is a self-identity of a region. The location of research is Province of Aceh, namely in Sub-district of Montasik, District of Aceh Besar. The objects of study are traditional house buildings called as Rumoh Aceh. Because, principally, all buildings have similarity; thus, samples were taken randomly from each village. The formulation of questions is to identify transformation of function, form, zoning, circulation and materials of Rumoh Aceh found in the Sub-district of Montasik. The objectives of this study are to understand transformation occurring in Rumoh Aceh in the Sub-district of Montasik over time in order to know causal factors; moreover, it is expected to be reference to the Rumoh Aceh itself. This study used descriptive-qualitative method to adopt phenomena directly (what, who, and where the research location is). This method can interpret and associate data, important situation, attitude, point of view, conflict, and others. Because this study is direct, the techniques of observation and survey (primary data) keep to be choice, such as, interview and documentation. Relevant references to data can be analyzed and developed (secondary data). The results of study indicate that Rumoh Aceh found in Sub-district of Montasik, in terms of functional transformation, is still ideal, but there are changes in function in lower parts of building, that previously functioned as animal breeding area, rice storage and rest area, now it changes into permanent space functioning as room, storage area, bathroom, and cloth drying area. Moreover, we seldom find terrace and gate areas in front of building. While form transformation in Rumoh Aceh tend to be unchanged. Rectangular and triangular form keep to be choice. Transformation of zoning and circulation only occur in lower parts of building because there are additional rooms and functional change of rooms so that automatically circulation system also changes according to needs. Along with time running, transformations of building materials are found in roofs. Before, Rumoh Aceh used local materials, such as, rumbiah leaf plait; now, iron sheets dominate the Rumoh Aceh. Moreover, use of brick materials is widely found in lower parts of building. Current materials, such as, plywood and acrylic, are found in nearly each Rumoh Aceh, especially in door and window blades.

Abstract. Knowledge of park visitor behavior needs to be owned by architects or public facilities designers. This is so that they can predict how visitors will behave in the park they designed. On the other hand, research on the behavior of park visitors is still rare in Indonesia. This research was located in Taman Bungkul and Taman Flora Surabaya-Indonesia and aimed to observe behavior patterns of park visitors. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach, with behavior mapping techniques whose data are mostly obtained from direct observation in the field. Behavior mapping identified visitor's position, elements and facilities of the park, and the time they spend in the park. The results of the observations revealed that park facilities acted as a prominent stimulus to visitors' behavior pattern, and there was interelation between city park facilities and spatial behavior pattern. In addition, it was also found that the strength of stimulus changed time to time depended on density in the park.

The application of slow-release fertilizer (SRF) to agriculture provides many benefits. Productivity increases and at the same time, negative impacts decrease. This type of slow-release matrix fertilizer offers an excellent solution for increasing nutrient uptake by plants and restoring agricultural land. The objectives of this research are to study the effect of the type of adhesive and the rotational speed of the granulator on the physical properties of urea slow-release fertilizer (USRF). There are four characteristics used as responses, namely; bulk density, water absorption, granules yield, and durability. The granulation process is carried out using a disc granulator. The study was conducted using one factor at a time method. Research has been carried out by varying the rotation speed of the granulator 5 to 25 with a range of 5 rotations per minute on five adhesives, namely; tapioca flour, glutinous rice flour, rice flour, sago flour, and corn flour. The results showed that the types of adhesives affect the values of bulk density, water absorption, granules yield, and durability. The best type of adhesive is tapioca, however, USRF tapioca adhesive has weakness on water absorbency. Increasing the rotational speed of the granulator causes an increase in the value of bulk density, water absorption, and granules yield while the endurance parameters decrease.

A capillary suppressor column was prepared by packed column and monolith columns. The packed column prepared using HyperSep SCX as packing material. The sulfonate group was introduced from benzenesulfunic acid that could be used as a suppressor material. The slurry of packing material was packed to capillary fused silica 0.53 mm I.D x 0.66 mm O.D with 30 mm of length. Monolith suppressor column was prepared from methacrylate based modified with Na₂SO₃ for strong cation exchanger and iminodiacetic acid for weak cation exchanger. A suppressor column was connected to a capillary chromatography system for separating 5 inorganic anions (Cl⁻, NO₂⁻, Br⁻, NO₃⁻ and SO₄^2-) using conductivity detection. The suppression system could reduce the background conductivity of the mobile phase sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate properly up to 67.72% using packed suppressor column with size 0.53 mm I.D x 0.66 mm O.D with 30 mm length. It column could be used about 1.5 hours before breakthrough.

Drinking water which contain high concentration of fluoride can be harmful to teeth and bones. Clay was cleaned from its impurities then treated for 30 minutes at 700 ^oC and dissolved in HCl solution for 60 minutes. This research focused on the search for process conditions for absorbing fluoride dissolved in water bodies using local material-based adsorption methods using activated clay. The batch sorption experiment was carried out in 50 ml stirred glass contained 12.17 mg/L fluoride solution at operation temperature 25 ^oC, 35 ^oC and 45 ^oC, pH of 4, with 0.75 gr, 1 gr, and 1.25 gr of adsorbent weight. The solution samples were analysed by using visible spectrophotometer at 570 nm of the wavelength. From this research, the equilibrium reached in 60 minutes with 1.25 gr of adsorbent weight at operation temperature 45 ^oC with maximum 78% fluoride adsorbed. The isotherm models of fluoride removal mechanism fitted well of the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and followed the pseudo second-order kinetics model.

Indonesia is a country with extensive agricultural and plantation areas that produce abundant biomass, some of which are rice husks, coconut shells, corn cobs, and wood waste. Wood waste itself has a very large number of species, for example, Sengon sawdust, Teakwood, Mahogany wood, Lamtoro wood and so on. Sengon wood is usually used as material for craftsmen and furniture, but with advanced technology, it can be done using sengon sawdust to produce syngas with the gasification process. The gasification process uses a gasifier tool. In this study, an independent variable was used in the form of sengon sawdust. While the dependent variable that will be obtained is in the form of syngas output, gasification temperature and time needed to produce syngas. The results showed that the more bait sengon sawdust, the more syngas was produced and the longer the time needed. Based on syngas analysis, CO results were obtained 17.235%; CH₄ 3.446%; H₂ 5.089%. It can be concluded that sengon wood powder waste is one of the biomass that can be used as a gasification raw material to meet energy needs.

The way out of the energy crisis is to divert national energy needs with the use of new and renewable energy. Bioenergy such as biodiesel is the expected one of those. Algae which has the potential to be used as raw material for making biodiesel is microalgae because it is easier in its cultivation. The microalgae used in this study were Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chuii. Microalgae that have been harvested in the pasta form are extracted to obtain the oil then processed into biodiesel with an ultrasonic device. The transesterification reaction ran at 65^oC with a 1% K₂CO₃ catalyst. The variables applied were the ratio of oil: methanol (1:5; 1:10; 1:15) and reaction time (1 and 3 hours). The biodiesel produced was then tested for acid numbers, %FFA, density, viscosity, and GC-MS analysis. The amount of N. oculata and T. chuii obtained from harvesting was 591.75 and 460.11 grams, respectively. The yield of oil extracted from N. oculata and T. chuii was 46.47% and 39.31%. Biodiesel yield obtained from N. oculata between 72.19-74.33% with the highest yield for N3 sample, meanwhile in T. chuii between 69-72.95% with the highest gain for T3 sample. In general, biodiesel samples meet national standard SNI for Biodiesel in density, viscosity and acid number. The methyl ester content of the GC-MS test in the best biodiesel samples is N1 sample at 68.4% and T6 sample at 79.49%.

The construction of the Sigli - Banda Aceh highway project as long as 74 km stretches across two Regencies namely Pidie and Aceh Besar, generating the large demand for ready mix concrete. It is required the investors in providing ready mix concrete service and wishing adequate mutual exchange from each capital invested. The problem in this study is to investigate how the feasibility and business opportunity of a batching plant investment from its financial aspects. This study aims to determine the financial feasibility and business opportunities on batching plant investment of ready mix concrete at Sigli - Banda Aceh highway project. In this research data was collected and processed to obtain cash flow and Depreciation. The method used to determine the financial feasibility is by obtaining its investment valuation analysis from data processing. Those are Net Present Value (NPV), Annual Equivalent (AE), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit-cost ratio (BCR) and Payback Period (PBP). From the calculation, it is obtained that the profit obtained from NPV is IDR 12,145,111,515.27, the profit obtained from AE is IDR 3,818,104,138.07, IRR is above 40%, BCR is > 1 as 1,10, PBP is IDR 15,104,717,354.22 in the second year or equal to the investment period. It can be concluded that batching plant investment on Sigli - Banda Aceh highway construction project is feasible to be constructed and become a business opportunity for the investors.

Foam concrete is an alternative wall material that can be used in tropical buildings because of its insulation properties, good thermal conductivity, and sound absorption coefficient when compared with the normal concrete. The percentage of foam agent used in its production affects density and compressive strength. Furthermore, the use of fly-ash also has an effect on its mechanical and insulation properties. In this study, 40 units of foam concrete specimen (200x200x20) mm were tested for thermal conductivity, and cylinder (dia-100x20) mm for sound absorption. The mixture used for the concrete includes cement/sand ratio of 1:2.75 with w/c 0.425 and addition of 20% fly-ash as a cementitious material and foaming agent (ratio fa/w 1:20) at 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% by weight of cement paste, respectively. The result showed that foam concrete with 20% fly-ash and 2% foaming agent or more has a density below 2000 kg/m3 with a maximum compressive strength of 13.24 MPa. The highest sound absorption coefficient was obtained to be a = 0.89 at 20% fly-ash and 4% foaming agent. The thermal conductivity (k) of foam concrete was found to have increased using a 20% fly-ash and 1% foaming agent compared to the mixture without fly-ash at a value of 0,898. It was discovered that the use of fly-ash on foam concrete has the ability to improve thermal conductivity and sound absorption.

The latest SNI rules for steel structure building has been published namely SNI 1729-2015 which refers to the AISC 2010. In AISC 2010, there is a new design method called Direct Analysis Method (DAM) as an alternative to the Effective Length Method (ELM). The aim of the study is to plan steel columns using the AISC 2010 method and calculate and also analyse the steel column capacity. In this study, ETABS computer analysis program that have been whole integrated includes the modelling, analysis and design were used, so as to produce safe and economical modelling, analysis and design. The results of trial and error showed that dimensions for the 1^st and 2^nd floor columns WF profile, 3^rd and 4^th floor columns used WF 250x250x9x14 profile, and the 5^th floor column used WF 175x175x7.5x11 profile. The load that applied was only dead load and live load. ETABS analysis results obtained output in the column design in the form of axial force (P) 1688,971 kN, moment (Mux) 60,257 kN.m, moment (Muy) 23,009 kN.m. The calculation results of steel column design analysis using DAM method obtained the value of the ratio of the strengths of columns 1^st and 2^nd floors for 0.42, columns 3^rd and 4^th floors for 0.33 and the 5^th floor for 0.15. The steel column material requirements for each 1^st and 2^nd floor are 352.66 kg, 2^nd and 3^rd floors are 271.35 kg, and the 5^th floor is 150.75 kg. The design of steel columns by means of DAM results in a higher profile capacity, so that the profile designs used can be more economical.

Generally, porous asphalt mixtures are having low stability and highly dependent on the quality of asphalt as an aggregate binder, so the innovation of using additive needs to be examined to produce high quality asphalt. In this study, the additive used in asphalt mixtures is plastic bottle waste (Polyethylene Terephthalate/PET) and the use of coconut-shell ash (CS) as filler. This study aims to find out the influence of using PET waste and CS in asphalt porous mixtures which meets its parameter of Cantabro Loss (CL), Asphalt Flow Down (AFD), Marshall and permeability test on 60/70 asphalt penetration. Its benefit is to discover the influence of adding PET and ATK. In this research, the variation of asphalt content was made to obtain Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) of 4.5%, 5.0%, and 6.0%. Australian Asphalt Pavement Association (AAPA) method was used to determine OAC including CL, AFD, and Void in Mix (WIM) test. After OAC was determined, OAC specimen with the variation of 0%, 2%, 4% and 6% PET substitute on asphalt weight, and the use of 50% combination of CS and portland cement from the total weight of filler were made. At OAC value of 5.74%, it is obtained that the value of CL, AFD, Marshall and permeability which meet the AAPA specifications is in the addition of 2% and 4% PET in PA mixture.

One of the technologies expected to improve the quality of flexible pavement is to use a modified asphalt mixture of Crumb Rubber (CR). The material can be used as a very thin added layer which is then called Very Thin Overlay Modified Crumb Rubber (VTO Mod-CR) and the functions as a leveling layer. This asphalt mixture is expected to have high durability and increase the age service life of flexible pavement. The aim of this study was to analyze the design mix formula (DMF) and the durability of the asphalt mixture. This research carried out variations of asphalt content i.e. 6.0%, 6.5%, 7.0%, 7.5% and 8.0% with each variation of 3 specimens for Marshall Test. Based on the DMF analysis results obtained optimum asphalt content of 7.00%, while the properties of the mixture in the form of bulk density of 2.240, VIM of 3.77%, VMA of 18.15%, VFA of 79.23%, Stability of 1049 kg, Flow of 3.47 mm, Marshall Quotient of 251 kg / mm, Bitumen Film Thickness 16.08 µm. The results of the analysis of the mixture properties have met specifications General of Highways, so it can be used as a reference for AMP. The BFT value obtained meets the minimum specification specifications of 16 µm, this shows that the resistance to water and oxidation is higher, so the pavement becomes durable.

Land has different specifications and characters from each type. The land has the main function is as a support of a building construction be it buildings, roads, etc. Seeing from the function is inseparable from the mechanical properties of the soil such as cohesion (c) and soil shear angle (¢) where the higher the carrying capacity of the soil the better. The contact force (interface) between the soil surface and the surface of the soil reinforcement material is very dependent on the type of soil. Soil-geotextile contact will influence the carrying capacity of the soil, especially shear strength and soil cohesion. At present research on contact style interface (5) of laterite-geotextile soil. The method used in this research is to use laboratory-scale experimental methods. This research was conducted with the condition of the soil sample not submerged in water (unsaturated). The test results may be known laterite in Tanah Laut has value ratio 5/|) of 0.89 for the type of woven geotextile (HRX250), while the value of the ratio 5/(|) of 0.86 for the type of nonwoven geotextile (TS600).

Construction of roads and will continue and growing, while on the other side of the raw material reserves for the road less. Given this, the researchers tried to use the mining waste material at the bottom of Sabo Dam from Merapi which is bantak to substituted coarse aggregate and asbuton is substituted fine aggregate to tackle the lack of asphalt and to utilise local's natural resources. This research carried out by using a mixture of 40% Bantak and 60% Clereng and substitute fine aggregate (substitution) with asbuton Lawele type 20/25 with the same amount. The asbuton concentrate variation that used in the test are (100%:0), (75%:25%), (50%:50%), (25%:75%), (0%:100%). All the specimens tested and analysed using Marshall Method as Public Work Department specification (2007), determined the optimum asphalt value of each specimen. All specimens with optimum value will immersed in water during half hour, 24 hours and 48 hours before Marshall test. Result of the test is used to know the asbuton substitution variation effects based on stability value, and residual strength index. The result shows that optimum asphalt value of asbuton specimens with percentage asbuton 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% are 6.2%; 5.6%; 5.25%; 5.1% and 5%. On standardise immersion asbuton variation of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% the mix stability value are of 1498 kg, 1629 kg, 1405 kg, 1264 kg and 1258 kg respectively. While on 48 hour immersion, the residual strength indexs are 97.97%, 88.86%; 71.06%; 64.41% and 57%. In the conclusion optimum utilisation asbuton is 25% with optimum asphalt value 56% because has high stability, but has low durability.

Self-compacting concrete (SCC) is beneficial in concrete casting process as it does not need any tools for consolidation process. In addition, the utilization of High content fly ash in has proven in improving mechanical properties of concrete although the slow strength development is an issue to coop with. This paper presented an experimental program on the mechanical properties test of high strength self-compacting concrete incorporated with high content fly ash. The mix proportion for the concrete was prepared based on ACI high strength concrete with the design strength of 45 MPa. The mechanical properties test consists of slump flow test, compressive strength test development, flexural strength test and water absorption test of concrete. The slump flow test was tested for fresh concrete and the strength development test was tested at the age of 14, 28 and 56 days. In addition, test for flexural strength specimen and absorption specimens were tested at the curing age of 56 days. Moreover, the high strength normal concrete specimen was prepared as control mix design. The result shows, less water was need to reach design flowability for Self-Compacting Concrete High content fly ash concrete and it gives impact to lower water absorption for the type of concrete. In addition, at the curing age of 56 days the compressive strength of high strength high content fly ash-self compacting concrete was comparable to the normal concrete.

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies are developed rapidly in many implementations such as smart cities, smart offices, and smart transportations. They are closely related to communication technology which requires efficient power and covered long distance. To overcome these two problems, this paper proposes the design of a communication system for WSN using LoRa technology that has the ability to receiving lower power and wider area coverage. In this research, the implementation of this communication design is just a prototype that contains two nodes that communicate with each other by using LoRa technology as a communication system. The experiment which was based on measurement had the maximum distance of a point to point communication that reached about 200 m while the lowest received power was accounted at -98 dB. The use of the best spreading factor based on simulation was recorded at 7 using a bandwidth of 250 kbps and 10 using a bandwidth of 125 kbps. Showing the result, it can be concluded that 200 m was the longest distance which can be achieved by this prototype and this was useful for a small system.

Transformer is a vital component in distributing electrical power. The use of transformer oil which is continuously for a long time and not monitored can cause fatal damage to the transformer. This condition triggered by high water content in the transformer oil which causes breakdown voltage failure and electrical short circuit on the transformer. Therefore this study aims to analyze the influence of water content and breakdown voltage on 500 kV transformer oil type Kunlun Ki25x using the coefficient correlation method. The coefficient correlation method is statistical analysis technique used to look for relationships between variables that are quantitative. Two variables are said to be correlated if the changes in one variable will be followed by changes in the other variables regularly in the same direction (positive correlation) or opposite direction (negative correlation). For material testing and analysis data researcher using Megger OTS100AF instrument. This experiment conduct in paiton 9 power plant East Java for 36 month. Based on experimental data result researcher obtained a strong negative correlation value on the relationship of water content and breakdown voltage with the coefficient R = -0.88 on the function y = 0.7692x + 85.733 and it has characteristic that the increase in water content (x) is inversely proportional to increase the dielectric breakdown voltage (y). In addition, it is also known that the increase in transformer oil temperature is directly proportional to the increase in water content with a positive correlation of R = 0.92 at the function y = 0.4208x + 50.155. From the results above, it can be concluded that the parameters of water content and temperature have an impact on the value of the breakdown voltage and the performance of the transformer

This paper describes the design and analysis of protection schemes that it is not regular customers' location in optical communication system network. Distance and number of customers with the design of optical point protection unit achievements are recognized as the user for a series of rings from CAPU-Ring 1 (Customer Access Protection Unit). CAPU-Ring 1 is made as a safety point of optics that will be placed on the prior user. This system is an optical spot that will be placed in a ring circuit for use in placement of clients scattered. Proposed construction of a series with a protection channel architecture is about designing CAPU-Ring 1 as optical nodes, condition and repair damage to the circuit, the power budget calculations, design in the simulation, and analysis of the node to node. Parameters outlined in this discussion are the relationship of each node optical output power, improving the system of the eye diagram to the distance and also increase the system working against the maximum optical node. Characterization of ring network protection architecture can be identified from the results of a simulation study.

The parameter system identification of Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motorbike on electric bicycles is one of the important factors that support success in improving a stable and reliable control system. The purpose of this paper is to explain the mathematical modeling of BLDC motors by system identification parameters. The method of system identification parameters used in this study is experimentation, namely the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal generation process and the collection of input data in the form of current, voltage, and output data such as speed is carried out using sensors connected to the microcontroller. The input and output data are then simulated using the transfer function model found in the system identification toolbox in the MATLAB program. From the results of testing and simulations carried out on the BLDC motor system, a mathematical model was obtained in the form of a transfer function with third-order transfer function is the best fit value than the others. The sequential values of the transfer function 1, 2 and 3 are 69.81, -1945, and 83.34.

Indonesia is one country that has many active volcanoes, and it can have a high potential for earthquakes due to volcanic activity. Central Java is an area that has an active volcano, the Mount Slamet. Various kinds of earthquake signals, earthquake strength, and frequency are recorded using a seismogram. The process of recognizing seismic signal patterns using short-wave transformations has a higher chance of success. Several types of earthquakes that have occurred on the Mount Slamet. There are three types of earthquake data tested, Shallow Volcanic Earthquakes (VB), Gust, and Tremors. This study aims to identify the type of earthquake vibration signals recorded on the seismograph. Earthquake image processing system consists of several parts. The image is normalized to get the image in the time domain. Then the image is processed with two processes to determine the characteristics of the earthquake. The Fast Fourier Transform process is used to determine the strength of earthquake signals based on the frequency. The quantization process is used to take samples of each data in the time domain. In this study, the method used for identification is pattern recognition and decision trees. The identification system can recognize signals that are approached using the Root Mean Square, Average Power Spectrum, and statistical features. The results of tests carried out obtain 100% accuracy of each method.

The quality of electric power is a combination of voltage quality and current quality. Voltage disturbances often occur from the electricity network which can affect end users. Whereas, current interruption originates from end users which will affect the network. Electrical power quality problems in hospitals often occur due to non-linear loads, harmonic injection, and interaction between medical devices. Because the electrical power quality problem is cumulative, the detected minor event must be taken seriously. The nonlinear load distorts the current waveform and creates a harmonic current to the current system. The nonlinear load distorts the current waveform and creates a harmonic current to the current system. After the simulation, it can be concluded that DC Shock/Defibrillator equipment has Total Harmonic Current Distortion (THDi) equal to 76.1% and Total Harmonic Voltage (THDv) 3.5% with 330Watt power.

Flood is considered chaotic, complex, volatile, and dynamics. Undoubtedly, its prediction is one of the most challenging tasks in time-series forecasting. Long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are a state of the art technique for time-series sequence learning. They are less commonly applied to the hydrological engineering area, especially for river water level time-series data for flood warning and forecasting systems. Yet it is inherently suitable for this subject. This paper examines an LSTM network for forecasting the river water level in Klang river basin, Malaysia. The river water level contains of single time series observed data, with time steps corresponding to hourly data and values corresponding to the water level or stage level in meters. In this study, prediction responses for river water level data using a trained recurrent neural network and update the network state function is applied. The result verified that the LSTM network with specified training set options is a promising alternative technique to the solution of flood modelling and forecasting problems. The performance indicates with the root mean square error, RMSE 0.20593 and coefficient of determination value, R² 0.844 are closely accurate when updating the network state compared with the observed values.

The wind power plant has an important component, namely a generator which is an electrical engine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. This paper discusses the design of the permanent rotor axial flux generator (Single Rotor Single Stator) using a slotted stator and using a slotted stator reference design. To find out more in detail, this work was conducted by comparing four different generator designs, the number of slots and tooth widths. Testing the width of the teeth and the number of slots varied, including 12 slots width of teeth 23 mm, 15 slots width of teeth 18 mm, and 18 slots width of teeth 15 mm. The permanent magnet used in this study is neodymium iron boron, NdFeB 48/11 with a total of 10 poles. The desired reference power is 100 Watt with a speed of 500 Rpm. The outputs of each design in the form of voltage, current, power, and efficiency are discussed. The conclusion obtained that the additional teeth to the stator and increasing the number of axial flux slots affect the specified output parameters. The result of using teeth is that the voltage, current, and power are getting bigger and the more number of slots the smaller the voltage, current, and power.

Sweet Potato (Ipomea batatas) is a local tuber potentially to be developed as functional food. The aims of this research is to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of the sweet potato fibre extract (SFE) in vitro by animal cell culture techniques and identification the active compounds of SFE. SFE were prepared by autoclaving the sweet potato fiber powder in distilled water with room temperature 25 °C for 2 hours in distillated water and dialyzed with membrane with molecular weight cut off 14 kDa and 30 kDa. The IgM production of SFE against human hybridoma cell line HB4C5 cells was evaluated. The results of this research indicated that SFE stimulated IgM production by HB4C5 cells with heat and dialysis treatments in dose dependent manner. IgM production was increased by SFE with molecular weight more than 14 kDa and less than 30 kDa. The conclusion of this evaluation, SFE facilitated IgM production by HB4C5 cells and revealed that the SFE has positive effects on immunostimulatory activity in vitro.

Musculoskeletal Disorder (MDSs) is a real problem in terms of ergonomics. MSD is a muscle/pain disorder which is frequently undergone by operators after doing work, e.g. in the press line of a printing company. Some activities in press line are lifting books, reaching out the engine levers, and turning the engine levers. Many MSDs are undergone by operators, such as aches in the upper arms, hands, feet, and back. This is caused by excessive burdens and wrong posture when doing work. This study is aimed to compare the assessment results of operators' body posture by using OCRA and JSI methods. OCRA (Occupational Repetitive Action) Index is a method used to evaluate and analyze a job. Meanwhile, Job Strain Index (JSI) is a method used to estimate the risk of pain in the upper body. Evaluation is carried out on repetitive activities. Based on the calculation results, the OCRA values obtained are 3.35 for the right hand and 1.13 for the left hand. Meanwhile, JSI value for the right hand is 9 and the left hand is 4.5. The results of the assessment indicate that these activities are categorized as high-risk so and need to be corrected. The author's recommendation is by adding the number of operators on the press line.

Abstract. XXX is the establishment of one of Muhammadiyah's charitable businesses in the field of education. From the beginning of its formation on May 25, 1980 until now XXX has been able to open 18 study programs plus other study programs at the Faculty of Health and the Faculty of Engineering which are planned to be opened. The addition of the study program is expected to filter the number of new student interests to become XXX residents. But unfortunately, the many universities in Gresik were opened, making XXX have to work extra in attracting new students. This research will only be focused on single forecasting on the number of new student interests in several study programs and one university. In the descriptive statistical results, it was obtained the results that Management Study Program contributed the most interest in entering students and as Study Programs which were not new, Fisheries Cultivation Study Program contributed the least interest of students entering. The results of cluster analysis were formed by 8 groups. Group 5 consisting of Management Study Program, Industrial Engineering and PGSD contributed the most interest in terms of the average count per study program. Forecast with Moving Average also proves that this group has a tendency to rise. ARIMA results (1 0 0) for one University produces a value that falls smoothly with a less significant value, but if left unchecked it can also harm the campus.

Improving productivity and environmental performance is very important for agroindustry to improve performance and competitiveness.The application of the green productivity (GP) can help the company to be able to increase productivity and environmental performance in the same time. The purpose of this research is to improve the productivity and the environmental performance through improvement in the system of production by selecting alternative scenario as the best solution from some of alternative solution scenarios. The method of the research is conducted in several stages that are measuring process productivity and early environmental performance, arrangement of the improvement scenario system that can increase productivity and environmental performance simultaneously and provide suggestions for refurbishing and improving productivity and environmental performance. The result of the calculation from early productivity level is obtained the average of the past 7 period is 139.4%. While the value of early environmental performance is 0.69 which means that the quality of waste has met the standard of regulations, although they are still relatively small so they still needs to do restitution and improvement. The measurement value of green productivity index (GPI) is obtained that the existing condition, the scenario 1, the scenario 2 and scenario 3 are 1.39, 1.43, 1.45 and 1.41. Thus, then the selected best scenario is scenario 2, it is expected that the productivity and the environmental performance, as well as the competitiveness of companies can improve.

Computational Thinking (CT) has been defined as an important skill that supports digital literacy in the industrial revolution 4.0. Computatiomal Thinking contained in the informatics curriculum is classified as local content for several formal schools. Four key techniques (cornerstones) to Computational Thinking consist of abstraction, algorithm, decomposition and pattern recognition, are very important in the processes involved in formulating problems and the solutions so that the solutions are represented in a form that can be effectively carried out by an information-processing agent The research started by analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation in series and give each other feedback to create an interactive learning media. The subjects of this study were students of grade IV and V of elementary school as great starting point for starting digital literacy as early as possible. Data collection techniques in this study are by observation, questionnaire, pre-test and post-test. The data analysis technique used was calculating the percentage of feasibility from the results of the questionnaire. The result is the use of CT learning media able to improve student's understanding of CT in problem solving. The respondents could find the concept by themselves, analogically they can apply to similar problem. This is evidenced by the result of the post-test in similar questions from the pre-test. The respondents finally learnt how computer works, and this is important as basic creativity to improve digital literacy.

Alignment of IT strategy with business strategy to optimize the achievement of organizational goals. In general, there is a paradox between the application of information technology to the productivity directly. This paper aims to determine the suitability of the IT strategy with business strategy on company X by measuring IT Balanced Scorecard. The strategy implemented over a period of five (5) years. The study was conducted in the year to three (3). The results showed a low maturity level of application of IT for IT investment has not been implemented in accordance with the IT strategy. Anticipated funding has gradually become the cause of IT investments cannot be done thoroughly. The study presents recommendations for improvements every perspective ITBSC to achieve the expected level of maturity in the fifth year.

Stages of General Elections of the President, DPD, DPR, Provincial DPRD and Regency / City DPRD in Indonesia are determined by institutions namely the General Election Commission (KPU), where there is a measure of success in holding direct, general, and free. Another component of the implementation of elections is that there are contestants and voters. In the voter factor, this is also a measure for success in the overall process of implementation, namely success if high community participation in the administration of elections. However, vice versa, if community participation is low, one of them is the level of public confidence in the organizers (government) decreases. Data mining classification analysis and modification of attributes in prediction classes "Hadir" and "Tidak Hadir" on the final voter list (DPT). The number of datasets is 4249 instances, and the number of attributes is 11. The percentage results are 89.3417% for the Naive Bayes algorithm for prediction classes in the Presidential Election, DPD, DPR, Provincial DPRD and Regency/City DPRD in 2019. Further analysis is done on eliminating some attributes to obtain information, whether it has a significant effect on the results of predictions. And in this analysis, for the ten attributes with the removal of "statusKK" (highest rank gain ratio) for the prediction class, the results are the worst. = After nine attributes, the removal of the "rt" and "tps" attribute (second and third rank) for the prediction class is the best result. There is the highest percentage difference for the prediction class on the classification algorithm for modified and or unmodified status attributes, the results of the percentages and classification algorithms are different.

Most issues when using AHP is the difficulty of getting the consistency of a judgment matrix. It can be affected due to decision-making subjectivity. This study proposes the usage of the fuzzy Preference Relations (FPR) method to ensure a judgment in decision-making is acceptable and high objectively due to its obstacle for satisfying consistent judgment matrix from decision-makers in AHP. Improving the consistency of decision matrix can be done through the following steps, namely: 1) Transform pairwise comparison matrix of A=(a_ij) into FPR R=(r_ij ), 2) construct a new consistency matrix of FRP which satisfies the additive consistency, and 3) compose a new consistent pairwise matrix. As a result, the consistency index value was acceptable (< 0.10). Moreover, the procedure is applied in the determination of agro-industries based SMEs development.

The research that was built was used to explain the application of Electroencephalography (EEG) signal waves. EEG data is used to move the cursor up and the cursor down. Characterization of each EEG signal uses the Wavelet method taken at each the subband of the wavelet process. Wavelet process by taking the average value and the standard deviation value of the wavelet coefficient. The average value and the standard deviation value is used as an EEG feature. K-Nearest Neighbor is used as an identification whether the cursor will move up or vice versa. This study uses of 100 EEG signal data consisting of 50 test data and 50 testing data. The accuracy of identification uses the 80% K-NN method.

Forest fires are adverse events both economically and mentally. Triggers of fires are complex variables so that the spread of fire to date has not been predicted. Modeling is one solution to study the process of spreading fire. The Cellular automota was used to simulate the spread of fire in forest fires. Simulations carried out with simulations carried out by varying the value of burnability. burnProbability is a value that shows the probability of a tree burning. The value of burnability used is 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70% and 80%. From each burnProbability value, the percentage of forest that is burned is calculated. The simulation was carried out for 17 iterations for each burnProbability value. The results of the average is the greater the value of burnProbability, the greater the percentage of burned forest. When the burnProbability value of 80% of the burned forest is almost entirely, it is 97.23183%.

Local irregular vertex labeling is one of graph labeling type that can be used as a tool for graph coloring. A mapping l is called local irregular vertex labeling if there are: (i) a mapping as vertex irregular k -labeling and a weight , for every where ; and (ii) apt(l) = min{max{l_i}. Thus, the labeling l induces a proper vertex coloring of G where the vertex v is assigned the color w(v). The local irregular chromatic number of G, denoted by is the minimum cardinality of the largest label over all such local irregular vertex labeling. In this paper, we determine the local irregular chromatic number of a vertex shackle product of graphs. The vertex shackle products of graphs, denoted by Shack (G, v, k), is the graph constructed from k copies of connected graph G and v as the linkage vertex.

Fish is beneficial for the human body because it has high protein content. Consuming fish is necessary and expert knowledge is needed to identify fresh fish that are suitable for consumption. In this study, we developed a classification system to identify four classes of consumable fish by grouping fish images based on texture extraction and color features. We use fish meat and fish scale as identification parameters. Fish meat image is measured using the HSV colors model (Hue, Saturation, and Value) and GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) method. We use these values for texture feature extraction of scales. Then we use k-Nearest Neighbor (kNN) as the classifier. The test results from 320 sample images show that the identification accuracy of tilapia meat is 90% and 97.5% for mackerel meat. Meanwhile for the scales, the accuracy up to 87.5% for tilapia scales and 95% for mackerel scales.

Identity Theft Resource Centre revealed there were 668 cases of cybercrime occurring with a total number of lost data 22,408,258 started from January to July 2018. It indicates that there was a vulnerability in the defences from attacks carried out through the internet. Thus, the world of information systems should also be accompanied by a high level of security. The stages of system development were started from the analysis of system requirements, the design of the UML, implementation, and testing. The testing process into two-phase. Firstly, system output testing in the form of stego image with various criteria, namely imperceptible, fidelity, recovery, robustness, and histogram. Secondly, system feasibility testing using the SUS method. Based on the results, it revealed that the merging of the blowfish cryptographic method and the end of file steganography was not very effective because, based on the output testing with robustness criteria; it was proven that the message inserted into the image was damaged during extraction. The changes in the size of the original cover with the resulted stego image had increased file size with a ratio of 1: 5.5, meaning that each created stego image was five times the size of the original image.

Cloud computing is a service that eases its users to store data on the internet. However, cloud computing has lack, which is related to stored data security specifically to image file that can be manipulated easily. To improve the data securities of JPG file type on cloud computing, the combination of advanced encryption standard (AES) cryptography and least significant bit (LSB) steganography methods is required. This study implemented AES 128 algorithm cryptography process to scramble the messages that will be inserted and LSB steganography to hide the messages that has been scrambled. The data were assessed using Stegspy. The results of this study indicated that cloud computing service of Platform as a Service (PaaS) has resulted ciphertext that was attached to JPG/JPEG images using Least Significant Bit (LSB). From 5 (five) samples, the encryption result testing on JPG/JPEG files was bigger than the original file. The bigger the number of characters of the inserted text, the bigger the size of JPG/JPEG files will be.

The male sex is taken into account a crucial risk issue for coronary heart disease (CHD) within the general population, however, studies on diabetic patients counsel that diabetic girls have a better risk of developing CHD. This study was to determine whether there is correlation between risk factors and the incidence of CHD in patients with type 2 DM. Furthermore, this work also investigates the mathematical model work in calculating the magnitude of the risk of variables against the tendency of CHD complications for patients with type 2 diabetes. This research utilizes current information on the setup of Dr. Soetomo Hospital's medical records in 2015-2016. Samples were all patients with type 2 diabetes with CHD and without CHD reported in the inpatient medical records of Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya. Data processing was carried out using the chi-square test technique. As a result, the system is proof to calculate the worth of the chi-square and confirm the results of conditions on every variable. There is a distinction in price between the calculations of the chi-square on the system with the calculation of the manual chi-square test. This is often caused by taking variety of digits behind completely different commas (,). The variables of gender, age, GDA, GDP, GD2PP, triglycerides, HDL, weight, smoking, and length failed to have a significant relationship on the incidence of CHD in patients with sort two DM. Sterol variables and lipoprotein levels have a highly vital relationship within the incidence of CHD for patients with sort two polygenic disease.

Genetic Algorithms have parameters such as crossover probabilities and mutation probabilities used based on entering population numbers and number of generations. Of the two entries, nine rules were obtained which would produce crossover probabilities and mutation probabilities. One problem that can be solved using a genetic algorithm is the scheduling of courses. In the preparation of course scheduling, it takes quite a long time and needs a very high accuracy. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to implement genetic algorithms on lecture scheduling problems. So that the accuracy and speed in determining the class schedule can be fulfilled. The test results show that applying a genetic algorithm can obtain the course schedule without any collision in one iteration process.

The use of information technology continues to grow, one of which is software development. The software does not only focus on functionality, but the ease of use becomes a heuristic development. The interface design cannot be underestimated because the wrong interface design can also result in repeated software development from an initial stage. Software development from the start is certainly not easy and time-consuming to revise it. The specific purpose of this study is to adapt various models of usability testing instruments to measure how easy it is to use the system being tested. This research aims to help the designer evaluate what he has designed. The first stage is the validation of the first user experience instrument of the Academic Information System Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang. The results of this study found that the KRS system was able to be well received by the first user.

The main function of a pump is moving fluid through a pipe from one place to another. The dominant characteristic of a centrifugal pump is its output torque and power. Torque is obtained from the measurement of force using a dynamometer, then the result is multiplied by the moment measuring arm (L). Dynamometers are used to measure weight, which is influenced by gravity, which is mass (m) multiplied by the acceleration of gravity (g). The design concept of this equipment consists of a free moving motor body, dynamometer layout, safety pump, and fluid flow pipe. The pump is designed to be equipped with laboratory scale test kits and sketches of images made using ZWcad. The product design test is carried out using a comparison of the torque value to the centrifugal pump both in filled and unfilled condition. The difference in the value of the output torque is not too far from the theoretical calculation, so this torque measuring instrument is worth using.

The surface of the evaporator glass in the seawater desalination process by utilizing solar energy as the main energy source is a phenomenon that has been widely studied and developed in order to get increased performance efficiency to produce fresh water. The heat energy from the sun will enter through the surface of the evaporator glass and absorbed by water inside the evaporator, while the evaporator wall is insulated using aluminium foil with a thickness of 20 mm in the hope that the heat energy received will not be wasted around the environment. The process of evaporation of seawater begins when the water has reached the point of evaporation without pressure and occurs naturally. When seawater starts to evaporate, it can be calculated the amount of heat energy absorbed by the water until it reaches the point of evaporation, in order to determine the increase in performance and efficiency of the desalination process. Efforts to improve continue to be done if it is still possible to increase the efficiency and performance of desalination devices with various energy utilization methods. After testing, the highest solar intensity obtained on the test day reached 420.85 W/m², and the lowest solar intensity on the second day was 96.89 W/m². The highest evaporation heat transfer coefficient reaches 10.54 W/m^{2 °}C and the lowest is 4.42 W/m^{2 °}C. The highest convection heat transfer coefficient reaches 51.15 W/m^{2 °}C and the lowest heat conversion coefficient is 15.28 W/m^{2 °}C. The total absorbed energy reaches 6.26 kW and the lowest absorbed energy reaches 1.37 kW. Energy efficiency reaching 85% and the lowest energy efficiency is 35%.

The purposes of this research are to find out how the simulation of flow velocity, mass flow rate and pressure that occur in each variation of Reynold numbers on the triangle pipe arrangement of solid work software. By using test and simulation analysis methods, using a number of tools and materials so that they can be simulated and simultaneously analyze the resulting design. The tools and materials used in the simulation and analysis process in this design are (1) computers with specifications of the Intel (R) Xeon (R) CPU E3-1246 v3 @ 3.50Ghz 3.50 GHz (2) a solid work keel device for analyzing pressure. This fluid mass flow rate is influenced by the velocity of fluid flow and the temperature at this fluid can influence fluid density and specific gravity. This fluid speed can affect the pressure that hits the pipe. In the simulation results, there is a significant pressure change due to the speed that changes over the sidelines of the same pipeline. This change raises the loss of friction in the arrangement of the pipe pipeline due to the pressure factor that hit the pipe. The pressure that occurs is influenced by the velocity of fluid flow, fluid mass flow rate and cross-sectional area on the triangle pipe arrangement.

Air pollution from motor vehicle exhaust emissions is increasing, so it is necessary to attempt to control its exhaust emissions. Given the dangers of exhaust emissions, efforts need to be made to control and reduce air pollution so that negative impacts on people and the environment can be reduced. One engineering technology as a manifestation of vehicle emission control is engineering and modification of the exhaust gas channel. Engineering and modification are expected to be able to make a tool that will be able and function to reduce the danger of exhaust gases. The researcher will conduct experiments and manufacture of tools and initial testing on one motorized vehicle to see and observe the composition of the exhaust gas produced from the exhaust. The elements to be observed are CO values, HC values, and CO₂ values as comparative data. The tool that will be used to observe and see these elements is the Gas Analyzer tool. This tool is one instrument that is useful for measuring the portion and composition of a combined gas. From the results of testing and analysis obtained data on the exhaust emission test with an average engine speed of 500 rpm, and with the temperature of the exhaust tube 40 °C to 45 °C. After testing the standard exhaust model, then testing the engineering exhaust model which added 50 gr, 70 gr, and 90 gr scrap of stainless steel obtained the best conclusion to reduce and reduce the danger of exhaust emissions is engineered exhaust which added 70 g scrap of stainless steel and when compared to a standard exhaust, CO elements dropped to 71.09% and HC elements dropped to 48.26% and CO₂ elements dropped to 66.35%.

In Indonesia and many countries for economic reasons and green energy LPG is widely used for cooking. This paper show implementation and design gas leakage detection system. The main objective of the project to build a gas LPG leakage detector using an LPG gas sensor and micro-controller. It developed a security system by providing an early Warning System to give a sign if there is a smell of gas around Home. If this system has been the existence of leakage and smell of LPG gas, then the system will give a sign of alarm or buzzer where if there is leakage of gas that smelling the LPG system will work and the early warning alarm of the system. That the presence of gas leakage signals on the sensors to work, the MQ-6 is the gas Sensor used to detect leakage gas LPG. The tool is designed to detect gas leaks that are then legible on the LCD screen and alarm, and in certain circumstances, the buzzer will sound. This MQ-6 sensor test is performed by measuring the sensor output with the Atmega8 microcontroller when the LPG gas is detected and then writes it on the LCD screen. This test was conducted to determine the contribution of the MQ-6 sensor. It becomes essential to protect gas leakage from damage and accident.

Many automatic machines implemented in the processing of palm oil in the industry are less effective in working on a heating control process in the jacket water system. With the ATMega, 328 Arduino Uno microcontroller control system as an Arduino program input and output controller and "C" language, a servo motor as output (valve) is controlled, and LCD as a display device for LM35 temperature detection can make it easier for workers to control the process of controlling water temperature on the jacket and can avoid failure in the process of melting the palm oil from the previous processing so that the oil in the pipeline continues to flow. The method used in this research is the design method that consists of several stages, namely, (1) Requirement analysis, (2) Design, (3) Implementation of the circuit, (4) Testing Procedures and (5) Testing tools. The level of accuracy of the rotation degree of the servo motor (as a valve) qualifies 100% (>35 °C and ≤ 49 °C, the motor rotates 40^o), the relationship between temperature and the rotation speed of the servo motor qualifies with 100% accuracy (>50 °C and ≤ 53 °C then the motor rotates 80 °C) The overall performance of this tool can work well and calibration of the detection temperature value between the LM35 sensor with a thermometer has a difference of 1 mV so that it can be implemented by adjusting devices in the industry.

Fiber concrete has been widely known for its ability to prevent cracks especially micro crack. Natural fiber concrete was one way to accommodate the use of waste natural fibers and at the same time producing sustainable materials. This research tried to examine the workability of Coconut Fiber Concrete (CFC) that incorporated 2% of Coconut Fiber (CF) with Rice Husk Ash (RHA) as a sand replacement with ratio 10, 20 and 30% respectively. Three types of water-cement ratios were used 0.38, 0.41 and 0.44. The result showed that slump value ranging from 3.5 cm and 4 cm. The addition of 20% of RHA resulted in the steady slump value for all water-cement ratio. The CFC is on the same par compare to the steel fiber concrete which incorporated 1.28% fiber.