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The 3rd International Conference on Robotics and Mechatronics (ICRoM 2019) was held on August 9-11, 2019, in the Horizon Hotel in the beautiful city of Kota Kinabalu Sabah. Since its inception, ICRoM has attracted many researchers from all over the world to share their findings. The delegates are from the USA, England, Czech Republic, Iraq, China, Malaysia, Thailand, and India.

Despite ICRoM 2019 aims for different topics, the conference has been successfully gathered different researchers to discuss ideas for multidiscipline research which are required for current and future technology. In addition, with the advancement of many aspects of engineering and technologies, we believe that ICRoM 2019 has played a vital role to contribute a significant knowledge and practical implementations particularly in Manufacturing Technology as well as Automation and Mechatronics Engineering.

We would like to thank all excellent Keynote Speakers and Invited Speakers which have delivered and shared their current research, respectively. The presentation started with Prof. Kok-Meng Lee (Georgia Institute of Technology, USA), followed by Prof. Li Lu (National University of Singapore, Singapore), Prof. Sujan Debnath (Head of Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Malaysia), Assoc. Prof. Vincent Lee Chieng Chen (Curtin University, Malaysia), Prof. Dr. Eric Dimla (RMIT University Vietnam, Vietnam), Assoc. Prof. Petr Valasek (Czech University of Life Science Prague, Czech Republic), Assoc. Prof. Jamaludin Jalani (Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia) and finally distinguished oral presentations.

We also would like to thank all the reviewers and proceeding team for their time and effort to ensure the proceeding document are in good quality. We sincerely hope that the proceeding will benefit to the people brought by the academic community and industrial practitioners. Continuous supports are essential from various parties particularly academicians, students, researchers, professionals, engineers, and scientists from academia and industry to ensure even more meaningful conferences are served in the future with numerous critical idea exchanges, diverse opportunities for fruitful networking and future collaborations between the delegates.

Warmest regards,

Conference Program Chair

Assoc. Prof. Jamaludin Jalani

Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Malaysia

ICRoM 2019 Committee

List of Conference Chair, Conference Program Chairs, Local Organizing Committees, Technical Committees are available in the pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

This research present the development of a two-fingered underactuated robot gripper by using 3D printed machine with a material of Polylactic acid or PLA. The gripper design consist of two individual servo motors that drives the finger movement to perform a certain amount of grasping force. The new design of the finger using Solidworks was inspired by several existing robot gripper however with a low cost approach to obtain a good finger tracking and angular control. The fully fabricated and assembled gripper was then tested to determine the operation results during basic grasping and ungrasping by connected to Arduino Mega and MATLAB software. The angular data during the operation shows that the gripper successfully perform a stable operations despite some minor disturbance due to the mechanical defect on the servo plate. Further analysis will be conducted in the future in order to identify the full capability of the gripper in real world application such as force control operations.

In real life, fire accidents can happen anytime and anywhere that usually hardly controllable. Fire accidents can damage the buildings, kill human and may cause unpredictable losses. In addition, death not only due to the fire but also from smoke inhalation and toxic gases. Therefore the fire security is important to human life. Note that the human is difficult to detect the fire in the location that is hard to reach or see by a human. Moreover, the human also may take a lot of time to extinguish fire due to the fact that finding a water source can be troublesome. Therefore, an automatic firefighting robot has been designed and proposed in this study. This robot used 3 flame sensors to detect the fire. It also equipped with 3 ultrasonic sensors for obstacle avoiding which protecting the robot and the internal components from any obstacles. Each sensor on the robot is controlled by the Arduino. Apart from the sensors, the robot is also equipped with the water tank that provides water once the fire is detected. The robot will move randomly in the room when the power is on. When the flame sensors detected the fire, the robot will move to the fire source and send a warning message to the user. Once the robot reached the burning area, it will stop at a certain distance and extinguish the fire by using water.

In this paper, a new compound control scheme is proposed for manipulator based on radial basis function neural network (RBFNNs), sliding mode controller (SMC) and proportional–integral (PI) controller. In this control scheme, the filtered tracking error is the input of the RBFNNs update laws, SMC, and PI controller. The RBFNNs uses three-layer to approximate uncertain nonlinear manipulator dynamics. A robust sliding function is selected as a second controller to guarantee the stability and robustness under various environments. By using additional PI controllers, the goal of manipulator tuning is to minimize chattering signal, tracking performance, and overshoot can be realized. Simulation results highlight performance of the controller to compensate the approximate errors and its simpleness in the adaptive parameter tuning process. To be concluded, the controller is suitable for robust adaptive control and can be used as supplementary of traditional neural network (NN) controllers.

Since the introduction of industrial robots and their widespread application in manufacturing, the production quality and efficiency of manufacturing have been affected their automated welding performance directly. In this paper the author provides a useful basis for improving welding quality and promoting production efficiency through the analysis of industrial robot automatic welding technology standards and welding performance.

This paper presents the development of sensing architecture for Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block (IANB) clinical simulator kit. The ultimate objective of this project is to emulate the environment of anaesthesia administration on an IANB which considers the integration of 3D printing technology and internet of things (IoT) concept. The 3D model of a lower jaw is obtained through Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) data via dental Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) on a patient. The obtained model is further refined to facilitate the integration of the electronic circuit by utilization of a commercial computer-aided design (CAD) software package. The printed model is then integrated with a sensing mechanism to provide real-time data feedback during simulation of local anaesthesia administration training. From the validation results, it shows that the prototype able to give real-time data feedback and display the results on the user interface.

This paper presents the comparative study of design efficiency of two different designs of agarwood extracting oil machines by performing using the Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) method. The DFMA method was used as it is a well-established technique for improving the efficiency of the product leading to minimizing production costs. It also shortens product development time by reducing the number of components in a product. The study used two different designs of agarwood extracting oil machines as a case study. The result shows that the percentage of the design efficiency of existing design model 1 is 9.25%, whereas it is 15% of redesign. Thus, the redesign model 2 is much better as compared to existing design model 1 in terms of its assembly operation and design efficiency. Therefore, the redesign model 2 is greener than existing design model 1. Therefore, the application of the DFMA method to enhance the development of a agarwood extracting product has been proven to be highly useful in the design work.

Flexible flow shop scheduling problem (FFSP) is recognized as an important class of problems in manufacturing systems. To consider more actual production factors, such as transportation time, setup times, blocking constraint, etc., we solved the FFSP using the improved genetic algorithm (GA) and discrete event simulation (DES). Firstly, a mathematical model for FFSP with the objective of minimizing total completion time was established. Besides, a GA mixed with Palmer heuristic algorithm was proposed to solve the mathematical model. Moreover, a DES software-plant simulation-was used to establish a more realistic production model, and an actual production workshop was modeled and optimized. After optimization, the total completion time and equipment utilization were greatly improved compared with the original scheduling. It shows the effectiveness and rationality of the proposed method to solve the actual FFSP.

Firstly, based on the traditional circuit design method, the theoretical calculation value of the minimum radius of the flat curve under the design speed of 500 km/h is calculated in this paper; Through the analysis of the structural characteristics of the TR08 high-speed maglev train and the degree of freedom of each component, a 129-DOF high-speed maglev vehicle-line dynamics model is established by using the multi-body dynamics software SIMPACK; And using the modle to simulate and analyze the influence of the radius of the flat curve on the dynamic performance of the vehicle. Finally, according to the simulation results, the theoretical calculation of the minimum radius of the flat curve is optimized and adjusted, and the minimum radius recommended value of the flat curve that satisfies the dynamic evaluation index is obtained. After the simulation optimization, the unbalanced lateral acceleration and the vertical acceleration dynamic response of the vehicle passing through the designed curve section are significantly reduced, and the ride comfort of the passengers is good.

The local instability of weathering steel transmission towers is an important reason for the collapse of transmission towers.In this paper, the wind speed is converted into wind pressure and applied to ANSYS finite element model established according to the actual equal proportion, and the influence of secondary stress and the orientation of Angle steel are considered.The stability of transmission tower is analyzed according to buckling coefficient.The results show that the buckling coefficient and the buckling position increase with the reinforcement degree of the main material of the weathering steel transmission tower.After the reinforcement of the first and second sections of the main transmission material is completed, the buckling position moves up to the web bar of the transverse arm.The buckling coefficient of T type is about 39% and 25% higher than that of the cross type and Z type respectively, which can effectively improve the safe operation ability of the line.

Due to the low viscosity of water, the water film is not easy to form, and the water-lubricated bearing system has the characteristics of airtightness. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain an accurate water film pressure distribution through experiments. Aiming at the loss of water film pressure in the process of water film pressure transmission caused by L-type pipeline in the existing wireless sensor testing methods for water film pressure, a mathematical model of water-lubricated bearing system pipeline pressure loss is established by numerical analysis method, and the corresponding physical model is established by using ANSYS software. The mechanism of pressure loss is studied by simulation. Finally, the test results were corrected and analyzed. The results show that the higher the flow rate of lubricating water at the inlet of the pipeline, the greater the pressure loss of the water film; the higher the shaft speed, the greater the local pressure loss; the longer the pipeline, the greater the pressure loss of the straight pipe section of the L-shaped pipeline, and the dynamic condition of the pipeline The pressure loss and energy loss are much more severe than static conditions.

The production efficiency of machinery manufacturing industry is affected by the automatic welding equipments and technologies directly. Through introducing the working principle and applicable working conditions of new automatic welding equipments and welding technologies, the writer uses laser tracking equipment and welding deformation technology to analyze the possibility of application of automatic welding technology in the field of construction machinery, so as to provide useful reference for improving the quality of mechanical welding, reducing production costs and strengthening brand effect.

In this paper, we use TCL/TK integrated language analysis software and semi-ellipsoid heat source model and life-death element method to simulate the butt welding process of Q345 steel plate with thickness of 10 mm. We simulated and analyzed the temperature field, stress field and welding deformation of multi-layer welding. Through welding simulation analysis, we extracted the distribution of welding residual stress and welding deformation of butt joint, and obtained the transverse and longitudinal shrinkage of butt plate and the main reasons. The results show that the multi-layer butt welding seam and its adjacent area are under tension, and the numerical value generally reaches the yield strength, and the two sides are under compression. The tensile stress in the middle of the weld bead is the largest and decreases gradually toward both ends. The cross-sectional area of single-sided multi-layer welding seam is larger and asymmetric along the thickness of the plate. After welding, the transverse shrinkage and angular deformation of the welded parts are larger. At the same time, the accuracy of the simulation results is verified by actual welding and testing.

The pressure equipment is the key equipment in the petrochemical industry, natural gas chemical industry and coal chemical industry. Without safe and reliable pressure equipment, advanced process industry cannot be realized. It is important of the quality assurance of pressure vessel in order to prevent the failure of pressure vessel, especially some rupture accidents. One of the key reasons for quality assurance of pressure vessel is the treatment of residual stress in welded joint. In this paper, the working stress and welding residual stress of the thick plate of pressure equipment material and the welding joint of pressure equipment have been measured and analyzed successively by means of actual stress measurement and finite element simulation analysis. The influencing factors of welding stress are introduced, and the control of residual stress is analyzed and some suggestions are put forward in this paper.