Abstract
Nowadays, estimating the fatigue life of almost any industrial component under multi-axial loads is still a very complicated issue. In this paper, models of multi-axial fatigue for various loading conditions depend on damage parameters conditions shown with a comprehensive review of the multi-axial fatigue machines designed to provide proportional and non-proportional combined loading conditions in the laboratory and corresponding models developed to predict specimens fatigue life. A brief of experimental multi-axial fatigue results reported by previous studies is also presented. Especially, the focus here is on combined bending-torsion and axial-torsion conditions. Such a study allows for a better understanding of the effect of the loading path on material fatigue behaviour during their real operations. Also, predicting fatigue life accurately under non-proportional complex loads will give clear data about when this component is a failure during a real process.
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