Table of contents

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to 2019 International Conference on Environment Sciences and Renewable Energy (ESRE 2019) which will be held in Bali, Indonesia during May 27-29, 2019. ESRE 2019 is dedicated to issues related to Environment Sciences and Renewable Energy.

The major goal and feature of the conference is to bring academic scientists, engineers, industry researchers together to exchange and share their experiences and research results, and discuss the practical challenges encountered and the solutions adopted. Prof. Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia from Udayana University, Indonesia delivered keynote speech with the title" Design and manufacturing small biogas fueled engine for electric generation". And Prof. Hami Alpas from Middle East Technical University, Metu_ Food Eng. Dept, Ankara, Turkey had keynote speech with the title" High Hydrostatic Pressure (Hhp) Engaged With Time Domain Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (Nmr)". Assoc. Prof. Gun-Hean Chong from Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia delivered keynote speech" A low temperature approach for producing and tailor-made powders: supercritical carbon dioxide". Besides, Many researchers, engineers, academics as well as industrials from all over the world have presented their research results during the session presentations.

This proceeding present a selection from papers submitted to the conference from universities, research institutes and industries. All papers were subjected to peer-review by conference committee members and international reviewers. The papers selected depended on their quality and their relevancy to the conference. The volume tends to present to the readers the recent advances in the field of Environment Sciences and Renewable Energy and various related areas, such as Environmental Chemistry and Biology, Waste Disposal and Recycling, Machines and wind farms, PV manufacture, testing and certification, Environmental Protection, etc.

We would like to thank all the authors who have contributed to this volume, and also the organizing committee, reviewers, speakers, chairpersons, sponsors and all the conference participants for their support to ESRE 2019.

Prof. Tjokorda Gde Tirta Nindhia

Udayana University, Indonesia

June 12, 2019

List of Conference Chair, Program Chair, Contact Chair and International Technical Committee are available in this pdf.

List of First name, Surname, Institution and E-mail address are available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

With the development of renewable energy technologies, microgrid with distributed energy as the main energy source develops rapidly. As a kind of controllable load, electric vehicles can make up for the impact on the microgrid when they are connected to the microgrid in large quantities, so as to avoid load cutting due to insufficient power generation. In this paper, the reliability of microgrid island operation with wind power generation is studied based on the control strategy of electric vehicle. Firstly, the minimum peak load model of electric vehicles is established to evaluate the regulatory potential of electric vehicles during the island operation of microgrid. Secondly, the source-load-storage joint control strategy of microgrid with power supply reliability is proposed. Then, based on Monte Carlo simulation, a microgrid reliability assessment method based on the minimum peak load model of electric vehicles is proposed. Finally, a numerical simulation is carried out through the modified RBTS Bus6 F4 feeder system. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed model and strategy.

The wide application of shared vehicles in the future will bring about tremendous importance to the power grid and planning of charging facilities. At present, there are flaws in the prediction methods for shared vehicles charging demand. Based on data mining of national household travel survey(NHTS), this paper constructs a two-dimensional dynamic traffic behaviour model supported by spatiotemporal feature variables. Then, in order to explore the characteristics of continuous charging and centralized charging of shared vehicles, two charging scenarios are set to construct a charging behaviour model. Finally, the Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the shared vehicle traffic charging behaviour, and get the result of the shared vehicle charging demand at different times and regions. The impact of the load on the grid is analyzed in the same time. The results show that the interactive spatial-temporal characteristic variables can reasonably describe the characteristics of time-space two-dimensional uncertain changes in shared vehicles and the method can make a scientific prediction of the shared vehicle charging demand.

In this paper, an energy monitoring system for small scale wind turbine is proposed. The monitoring system process includes measuring wind turbine power output (voltage and current) and storing systems. The measurement results will be stored in a micro SD at the real time. All processes for measuring and storing data in a data logger were carried out by a microcontroller through several sensors and storage media. The data logger were designed and implemented as small as possible to save material and enhance the performance of serial communication between components inside. Hence, most of components are installed by Surface Mounting Device (SMD) packaging resulted a compact data logger size as 7cm x 8cm. Furthermore, by using FAT32 system files, the data logger is able to operate a micro SD with a size of up to 32GB. Finally, this data logger shows a good capability for measuring voltage, current and storing the results into the SD card including the measurement period.

Installation of wind turbines as power plants in tall buildings in urban areas can be an alternative energy source. However, urban areas usually have erratic wind conditions. Savonius wind turbines can choose because they have several advantages than the others such as able to rotate at low and variable wind speeds, simple construction, low production costs, and high starting torque. However, the Savonius turbine had a disadvantage of low efficiency. This study was carried out experimentally to study the performance of double stage Savonius wind turbine using a phase shift angle (PSA) and semi-elliptical blade shape with three-point configuration. This turbine used two blades, and the use of double stages done by stacking two turbines. The use of wind tunnels as a source of wind was carried out for data variations., The turbines adjusted with PSA 0⁰, 30⁰, 45⁰, 60⁰ before testing. The test results showed that the use of a phase shift angle on a turbine with this semi-elliptical blade affects turbine performance.

This study aims to study the reuse of heat from exhaust gas diesel by using micro turbine ORC to improve thermal efficiency of diesel. The methodology undertaken is as follows: conducting studies on heat exhaust potential, conduct a study of environmental conditions (dry and wet air temperature, availability of water source enhancer), design of working fluid thermodynamically appropriate to use and heating fluid type.

The results of the discussion and analysis obtained the following conclusions: the study of the utilization of exhaust gas Diesel Power Generation micro turbine takes place in Lombok. From field survey results and optimization results of available space in unit 2 & 3 engine configuration and or engine configuration of units 5 & 6 which will be utilized exhaust gas for generator micro turbine ORC; in this study it has been determined that the design of ORC to generate 100 kW electrical energy and will be used for its own use; system design has 2 alternative system design which are simple ORC and ORC with recuperator; 4 alternative working fluids are n-butane, n-pentane, R-134a and R-245fa; 4 thermal fluid alternatives are hot water, saturated steam, Dowtherm A and Thermo XT 32; based on simulation results to generate 100 kW electrical energy with the above design alternatives obtained optimal conditions on ORC system with recuperator, n-pentane working fluid, thermal fluid Thermo XT 32, with heat and mass balance model as follows; thermal efficiency 11,81%, mass flowrate n-pentane 1,92 kg / s and thermo XT mass flowrate 3,67 kg / s and turbine inlet temperature 160°C.

In line with the improving economy, fuel consumption in Indonesia is increasing. Unfortunately, the production of fossil-based fuels is declining, and oil reserves are running low. If there is no serious effort from the government, it is predicted that national energy security will be disrupted. The government has set up an energy mix policy, with targets such as reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and increasing the consumption of renewable fuels, including bioethanol.

Government program on bioethanol is currently unworkable, since its cost of production is more expensive than the price of fossil fuels. This study aims to find policies to encourage the bioethanol production. This study uses secondary data analyzed by the qualitative descriptive approach.

The results of this study indicate that financial engineering can be used by the Government to accelerate the bioethanol programs, by using excise tax and subsidies as instruments. Excise tax for fossil fuel will increase prices, and are expected to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels. The excise revenue can be earmarked to provide subsidies for bioethanol producers. This policy will make the bioethanol production cost lower and is expected to attract producers to produce bioethanol.

Present study focuses on fruit waste biomass generated during the postharvest treatments of coffee cherries (Coffea spp.) and its subsequent utilization within the waste-less, sustainable and ecological farming systems. Investigated samples were collected at the organic shaded multi-culture coffee plantations in West Lampung, Indonesia. Within the determination of most suitable subsequent utilization, the samples were subjected to the analysis of their basic chemical parameters, energy potential and ash composition. Three samples kinds were defined: I. CP (outer skin, pulp), II. CH (husk, silver skin, parchment) and III. CA (burned mixture of previous two waste materials). Obtained values proved following results; CP: Mc - 79.21%, Ac - 2.05%, CV - 17.19 MJ/kg; CH: Mc - 21.08%, Ac - 6.50%, CV - 18.14 MJ/kg; CA: Mc - 30.79%, Ac - 28.11%. Measured values proves the suitability of tested materials for combustion processes as a renewable source of clean energy (high energy potential), but also for the composting purposes (Potassium content K2O - 10.946%). A great potential of tested materials within their subsequent reuse was proved, as well as the fact that they represent a commodity suitable for further valorization.

Urbanization has changed the land use from pervious cover to impervious cover which have an impact on increasing runoff in urban areas. The objective of this study is to determine the effectiveness of spatial distribution of Green Infrastructure (GI) in reducing runoff under various design storms. Simulation of runoff reduction is carried out by implementing the GI in the catchment area located in Pondok Kelapa, Eastern Jakarta, Indonesia. EPA SWMM 5.1 was used to simulate the performance of GI on reducing runoff in the study site for two simulation scenarios: baseline scenario (current conditions) and GI scenario (implementing rain garden and rain barrel). The results show that GI compared to the baseline under various design storms 2-year, 5-year, 10-year, 25-year and 50-year return periods reduce the total runoff volume approximately 9.67%, 8.92%, 8.49%, 7.94%, 7.54%, respectively.

The article is devoted to the methods and algorithm for ranking of environmental indicators depending on their impact on infrastructure for long-term planning of infrastructure development in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the context of global climate change. The article presents the environmental indicators critical values database focused on supporting decision-making as well.

Surface sediments of the inner Gulf of Thailand and four main river estuaries were collected for total arsenic analysis in order to assess spatial distribution pattern, contamination status, regulating factors and potential ecological risk. The study reveals that the arsenic concentrations in the surface sediment samples varied from 5.43–18.01 mg/kg dry weight. Higher arsenic concentrations were found in the Chao Phraya river estuary toward in the eastern of the inner Gulf of Thailand. Based on the sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), arsenic was investigated most unlikely to cause any adverse effects. The result of geo-accumulation index (Igeo) was found to be less than 1, which indicated "unpolluted" state. Moreover, the potential risk of individual metal (Er) values directed that arsenic at all stations posed low ecological risks.

Determining the applicability of a wastewater treatment procedure is dependent on its efficiency and cost-effectivity. The main objective of this study is to establish the reusability of Fe-modified MMT nanomembrane when utilized as adsorbent material for wastewaters containing mercury in complex with cyanide in aqueous solutions. Three cycles of adsorption-elution runs were done on the nanomembranes and the mercury (Hg) concentrations in the wastewaters (initial, after adsorption, after elution) were analyzed using HD XRF. Results showed that there was no substantial difference in the adsorption efficiencies for the first two (2) cycles (37.61% and 35.69%). Using 0.01M acetic acid as eluate, the nanomembranes were observed to be reusable twice before the nanomembranes become extensively degraded. In addition, precipitation was employed to retrieve the Hg from the eluates. One (1) g as-received and grinded (150–500μm) sodium thiosulfate (Na₂S₂O₃) precipitants were used and it was established that, after 24 h, the precipitant with finer particle sizes was able to retrieve higher amounts of Hg (as-received:59% vs grinded:87.27%). Moreover, increasing the amount of the grinded Na₂S₂O₃ to 5g resulted to better Hg recovery (89.47%). Further analysis on the derived precipitates also confirmed the presence of Hg (19.90ppm for red precipitates; 24.73ppm for black precipitates).

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of the utilization of amine functionalized SiO₂ as an adsorbent for removing Cr(VI). The structure property of adsorbent was characterized by N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherm, XPS, SEM and CO₂-TPD. The maximum adsorption capacity of amine functionalized SiO₂ was 27.78 mg/g at initial pH=2, which calculated by Langmuir isotherm model. But SiO₂ does not have the ability to adsorb Cr(VI) before functionalized. Additionally, the adsorption can be described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which illustrated that the "surface reaction" was the controlling step in adsorption process. From the result of CO₂-TPD and adsorption energy, the electrostatic attraction between Cr(VI) species and protonated amine or hydroxyl group were regards as mainly adsorption mechanism.

This study investigates the use of sodium silicate as surface modifier for coir dust waste in cement composite. The improvement of interfacial bond between the lignocellulosic coir dust material and cement matrix could increase potential application of coir dust waste in civil industry, an added value and a solution to its disposal problem. A coir dust-cement composite was produced using a ratio of 1:.0.11:0.75 by weight of cement (cement: coir dust: water). The specimen sizes of 50mmx50mmx100mm for compression and 50mmx50mmx250mm for modulus of rupture were prepared in triplicate and tested using Universal testing machine. Sodium silicate significantly improved compressive and flexural strength and effectively reduced sorption properties of the coir dust cement composite. Based on the mechanical properties test, produced composite was suitable for light weight construction material.

The selective leaching of tin anode slime was extremely important in the process of the recovery of tin anode slime. With the successful leaching, the efficiency of value metals recycling was elevated obviously. Hence, the pretreatment of tin anode slime was studied in this paper by using the environmental technology and hydrometallurgical approach to achieve the goal of valuable metal recovery from traditional waste tin anode slime. It is worth noting that there are a large amount of value metals including Sn, Sb, Bi, Cu and Ag in the tin anode slime. The results indicated the optimal conditions of leaching process are 3.0 M HCl with 0.1M NaClO3 and liquid-solid mass ratio of 30 ml/g in 30 minutes at 45 degrees of Celsius and about Sn 85.32%, Sb 96.93%, Bi 97.63%. Meanwhile, silver and copper were all leached out by HCl solution in the leaching of tin anode slime.

Nano Fe3O4 was prepared by co-precipitation method and loaded into cellulose and biochar to prepare Fe3O4-chitosan-cellulose and Fe3O4-chitosan-biochar.XRD, ft-ir, SEM and energy spectrum showed that the target product was obtained. Fe3O4-chitosan-cellulose and Fe3O4-chitosan-biochar flocculant used in coal slime water treatment respectively. The results showed that water turbidity and COD removal rate of Fe3O4-chitosan-cellulose were 96.90% and 78.34% respectively and the water turbidity and COD removal rates of Fe3O4-chitosan-biochar on slurry water were 94.05% and 73.89% respectively. Fe3O4-chitosan-biochar treatment is better.