Table of contents

The pedagogical practices are the various actions that the teacher executes to enhance the human development of the student. Within these activities are teaching, communicating, socializing experiences, reflecting from everyday life, evaluating cognitive processes and even interacting with the educational community. These practices require a conceptual, procedural and strategie preparation on the part of the teacher. Their knowledge will never be enough to achieve that their students as individuals or collectively manage to appropriate the seeds of knowledge that they must acquire.

The riskiest teachers build their proposals for pedagogical practices within the framework of research projects, to obtain models that allow evaluating the effectiveness of their activities. Later, after an act of reflection and argumentation based on their own experiences as well as those of others, these innovative teachers manage to have sufficiënt arguments to socialize and disseminate their new knowledge and experience acquired.

List of titles Organizing Committee, International Scientific Committee, National Scientific Committee, Sponsor, Partners are available in this Pdf.

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review:

Single blind

• Conference submission management system:

By email received from the organizing and editorial committee of the conference. The correspondence authors make the submission by email.

• Number of submissions received:

32

• Number of submissions sent for review:

30

• Number of submissions accepted:

21

• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100):

65.63%

• Average number of reviews per paper:

2 reviews per paper

• Total number of reviewers involved:

16

• Any additional info on review process:

All papers are plagiarism checked by Turnitin software

• Contact person for queries:

Ely Dannier V. Viño

Foundation of Researchers in Science and Technology of Materials (FORISTOM)

Email: foristom@gmail.com

Silicon photomultipliers are devices widely used and have direct applications in multiple scientific fields. Currently, the Universidad Antonio Nariño, Colombia, finance the research project Characterization of the coherent structures in the edge region of the plasma column in the TCABR tokamak using Langmuir probes in collaboration with Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brazil. In this project, we research plasma, and recently, we proposed a silicon photomultiplier to measure X-ray emissions from the plasma column. In this application, we have to know specific characteristics of silicon photomultiplier in behavior controlled conditions to establish its possible changes during exposure to radiation of plasma; one of silicon photomultiplier characteristics more important is gain due to its temperature dependence that generates disturbances on its response. To characterize the silicon photomultiplier in controlled conditions, we developed an analog integral proportional temperature automatic control system for the control of a silicon photomultiplier characterization setup that lets temperature variations from room temperature to 50°C reaching reference temperature in 1 minute with a steady state error less than 2% and overshoot of 5.53%.

This article exposes the implementation of the H2 controller, which is rare in the literature because it is a more robust control and not only errors but also disturbances that can affect the dynamics of the control system are considered. The deduction of the equations for the continuous and discrete case is shown, which is little identified in this type of controllers and finally the implementation of said control over the rotation angle of the rotor of a motor is exposed, which is of great utility and importance. in electrical power systems for the generation and service of energy.

One of the problems derived from the overcrowding of cities and industry is the location of optimal facilities, these types of problems suffer from the problem of dimensionality themselves. In the following article, the problem is formulated in a mathematical way and it is approached from a metaheuristic epistemology which is the only methodology for now to find local optimum, since these optimization problems are still open in the scientific literature because they are considered problems of nondeterministic polynomial time. The explored technique is that of genetic algorithms which uses the classical theory of evolution to formulate and solve optimization problems.

Locating in space is essential for devices that perform navigation. currently inertial measurement units have been developed to allow navigation, however, this type of sensors present different errors in measurements. They have different errors that appear and accumulate when measurements advance. For this reason, the characterization of the error sources presented in sensor BNO055 is performed; data is acquired using a Raspberry Pi and Allan's variance method was used for data analysis. A parameter fit is made in the error equation using the Levenberg-Marquardt numerical method a method commonly used in experimental physics.

In complex analysis courses, it is common to use physical interpretations as a didactic tool for teaching complex numbers. In the case of operations between complex numbers, the geometric interpretation of addition and subtraction is well known; however, many authors avoid the interpretation of the multiplication of complex numbers. In this paper, using the physical concepts of rotation and scaling, we will explain the multiplication of complex numbers through visualization in the Argand plane. In addition, we use visual representations in order to obtain proofs without words for some identities.

In mathematics, engineering, and physics, some problems can be solved through complex functions; in many cases, with geometric inconveniences or complicated domains. Conformal mappings are essential to transform a complicated analytic domain onto a simple domain. Physical approaches to visualization of complex functions can be used to represent conformal mappings, here we use the transformation of regions of the complex plane. This paper provides a graphical overview of the transformation of a set of regions by the complex exponential function.

This article presents a methodology for fractal analysis using the Hurst re-staging exponent for the generation prediction of a hydroelectric power plant. Which is an innovative technique to address this problem since literature usually performs it through classical and lately Bayesian statistical processes. The importance of the work implies amalgamation of concepts from fractal theory, chaos, phase space, delay time and Hurst exponent, necessary in the analysis that will determine an estimate of the future behavior of a chaotic series. Thus, the problem is addressed from the qualitative analysis through the theory of chaos.

This paper discusses the adequacy of methods used in monitoring the aquatic environment in aquaculture. It is assumed that the strategy of controlling each of the environmental parameters by observing their compliance with the technical limits established in aquaculture is not sufficient to highlight all the aspects that may compromise the quality of the process. Therefore, the univariate methods that are usually used in water monitoring in aquaculture cannot show aspects of the process derived from the joint variability between the parameters. Thus, a multivariate method for monitoring the aquatic environment in aquaculture based on Hotelling's T² chart was proposed in this paper. Data on four physicochemical parameters (oxygen, temperature, pH and transparency) were collected from four aquatic species breeding ponds at the company Aquapesca in Mozambique, located in southeastern Africa. The correlation structure evidenced in the four physicochemical parameters analyzed showed a strong and positive relationship between temperature and pH, oxygen and transparency are inversely correlated. This correlation structure indicates that a possible reduction in water temperature also reduces the pH and vice versa, while a reduction in transparency implies an increase in dissolved oxygen. The multivariate method used shows the relationship between the parameters and the strategies to manage them, as well as the control strategy of the multivariate structure through Hotelling's T² chart, pointing out and correcting all the aspects that may compromise the quality of the breeding of the species in aquaculture.

The difficulties of representation and understanding of the dimension are evident in the different educational levels. University education is no stranger to this situation. This communication was developed within the framework of the graphic design course. This course was designed under the use of specialized software in geometry, which was freely available and intuitive. It should be remembered that the adequate use of representations and attributes proper to the dimension aids in the representations of movement phenomena, as well as in the representations in force diagrams in the teaching of physics. This qualitative research aims to address aspects of representation and dimensionality from the description of some selected tasks of the group participants, who contrast the first representations, with their final activities. That is, these representations showed their evolution in construction, to the extent that the flat representations of objects in the portfolio were built in real dimensions, keeping the proportional relationship between its parts.

The objective of this article is to identify the competencies of students studying the subject of natural sciences - physics at the high school level, in accordance with the curricular guidelines of the Ministerio de Educación Nacional de Colombia. Methodologically, it was based on a quantitative design, using a student perception survey. The results show, from the students' point of view, that the teachers have knowledge of their discipline, but the follow-up and improvement of their pedagogical practice at the curricular, didactic and evaluation levels is questioned. It is questioned that the processes related to research and the scientific method are not linked to their classes, so that the students' level of competences is not the ideal one according to what is established from the curricular orientations at a national level.

Learning processes are affected by a series of factors, both individual students and the institutional environment in which they develop. The present work is developed under the context of learning processes in areas of physics in engineering students, belonging to the academic program of technology in industrial processes, considering the socio-demographic and academic variables that affect students and that in turn affect student dropout. Data collection instruments were applied to a population group of 90 students, allowing to propose strategic scenarios that would contribute to improve the quality of academic processes and students' skills in the study of mechanical and electromagnetic physics. It was determined that the role played by teachers and the methodology in which they teach their students, the physical conditions and teaching methods directly affect the effectiveness of learning and academic performance. It was also demonstrated that the lack of prior knowledge in the fundamentals of logic-mathematics and basic physics are determining aspects in the failure and repetition of the subjects.

The use of physics in structural engineering requires the combination of its logical strength with social sensitivity. Logical strength is provided by mathematics and physics with practical solutions and new thinking relationships. Social sensitivity is achieved by inserting this "hard" knowledge into the solution of community problems. It is desirable that the teaching of physics and its applications prioritize holistic knowledge over mechanicity and that this process be similar to the one followed by the artist when he conceives his work: he dreams it, tries it, feels it, and adjusts and delivers it after having understood it with his whole being. In terms of curriculum, it is advisable to rethink the contents, encourage the use of majeutics, reduce standardization, personalize evaluation, and abolish the belief that there can be useless knowledge.

Physical-mathematical thinking is the visible representation of the relationship between physics and mathematics. It is based on the development of the five types of mathematical thinking and leads to the consolidation of the learning of physics through the construction, interpretation, abstraction and consolidation of meanings for the teacher and the student about physical phenomena. The work allows for the implementation of a pedagogical strategy based on project-based pedagogy, which facilitates the development and application of mathematical algorithms for the analysis, understanding and explanation of physics by students in the context of collaborative field work. The study is framed in the quantitative paradigm, in a quasi-experimental design, working with control and experimental groups. Pre-test is applied to identify the development of physical-mathematical thinking in students and as a support to the design of the intervention proposal. Once the proposal is developed, the results are evaluated by means of a post-test that allows identifying significant improvements in the students' physical-mathematical thinking.

This article presents reflections on the use of case studies that revolve around the student's environment to use it as an input in the development of the mathematics course in the seventh grades at the "Isidro Caballero Delgado" school in Floridablanca, Santander, Colombia. With this experience, it can be determined that the use of robotics prototypes in mathematics is a support tool as a pedagogical strategy in the student's learning process, strengthening not only the academic but also their comprehensive training. That is why students use the construction of the prototypes not only to learn mathematical concepts for better understanding, analysis, and critical reasoning but also to develop technical language in an empirical way giving answers to the laws of physics in the prototype or its function. This work is part of doctoral research where 60 students of the experimental group participated. The structure of the document contains a first section with the introduction, second section where the methodology and the applied strategy are detailed; in section third the results obtained are mentioned; and finally, in fourth section, the conclusions and possible recommendations are presented.

The purpose of this manuscript was to characterize and analyse both the differences and similarities of the results between the different careers in a public university in eastern Colombia, in the state tests Saber Pro 2017, in the modules quantitative reasoning and written communication, skills needed to evidence the level of scientific thinking, very useful for professionals in engineering and science, especially for professionals in mathematics and physics. In this research, a univariate descriptive analysis was carried out, followed by a principal component analysis. Engineering programs tend to perform better in quantitative reasoning and those of social sciences and education in written communication. These results indicate that graduates of engineering and science programs have a level of scientific thinking more related to the exact and natural sciences.

This article aims to describe the process of measuring mental state variables through a brain-computer interface in the interaction of humans with books with augmented reality; specifically, it seeks to analyze the variables commitment, stress, interest, relaxation, excitement, concentration in the interaction of students with a book with augmented reality compared with the measurement of the same variables when reading a traditional text. For the process of measuring emotional signals, two texts were designed for the data structure subject of the systems engineering program, the first in traditional format and the second with augmented reality applications. Subsequently, the mental state measures were taken through the brain-computer interface to the sample of students of the subject interacting with the traditional book and the book with augmented reality. Finally, through the interface software application, the results of the variables of each student interacting with the mentioned texts were downloaded and comparatively analyzed. Through comparative analysis, it is shown that the variable of mental state interest increases in the interaction of higher education students with books with augmented reality compared to reading a traditional text. Brain-computer interface systems have become an effective strategy for the measurement of emotional variables in the incorporation of emerging technologies such as augmented reality into teaching-learning processes in higher education.

The research had as objective to identify the social skills of first semester students of the mathematics program of Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander, Colombia, assigned in the subject of physics I, with a sample of 21 participants between 17 and 21 years old of the stratum 1 and 2, from which only 4.8% of the students work and study, the remaining 95.2% only study. 57% of the participants are women and 47% men, it is also evident that they currently reside in San José de Cúcuta, Colombia, the research under the positivist paradigm with a quantitative approach of quasi-experimental design of descriptive type, were applied: the questionnaire of the scale of social skills, and test of attitudes in physics which is constructed by 50 items that classify the social skills in 6 groups and 20 items in the test of physical attitude with a reliability in the alpha index of 0. 79 The statistical software SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis and the Google form tool for data collection.

The purpose of this research was to propose theoretical elements for the description of the students' attitudes in the teaching of differential calculus and its applications to physics from the onto-semiotic approach in the affective and interactional suitability. The design of this research with a complementary approach of qualitative and quantitative methods, with predominance of the first one, under the interpretative paradigm. The field modality and a quasi-experimental design to evaluate the applicability of the concepts of differential calculus. The collection techniques were: first, the semi-structured interview, in order to guarantee the depth and density of the information so that it converges in an emerging system of meanings and categories; second, the application of a questionnaire to evaluate the cognitive capacity of students under the onto-semiotic and traditional approach; third, observation through surveys. The findings lead to an instructional process through which mathematical concepts are taught efficiently, the student's role is valued as being assertive, autonomous, and responsible, while the teacher contributes to the development of emotional support by increasing the student's motivation, self-confidence, and interest in learning mathematics.

Vehicle congestion is a phenomenon that affects the world due to the potential increase in its population. Consequently, the capacity and level of service of Norte de Santander, Colombia, main avenue was analyzed, being the epicenter of the problem. This article was carried out using the highway capacity manual 2000, in addition to collecting information by means of vehicle gauges, conceptualizing the causes and critical points of the sector to diagnose the vehicle situation, proceeding to classify and process according to the highway capacity manual 2000. It is concluded that currently the system is with a level of service D and E, being these unstable, with tolerable speeds in some specific hours, but an incident on the road would cause little mobility, long queues and high waiting times for its narrow road space.

This article arises as a proposal in view of the need to evaluate the scientific competences promoted by teachers of the subject of physics at the level of basic secondary and secondary technical education. A valid questionnaire was designed from the application of scalar analysis, factorial analysis and content analysis, which is composed of 49 items evaluated by means of a Likert scale with five levels of response. It was applied in a sample of 249 students enrolled in a public educational institution during 2019, characterized by their good results in the area of physics in state tests. The results allowed the identification of strengths in the four dimensions proposed by the Ministerio de Educación Nacional, Colombia (pedagogical, didactic, disciplinary and behavioural), in contrast with some weaknesses within which the evaluation process stands out as the one with the greatest impact, since the students state that this process is assumed by the teacher as a mechanism of pressure and control. When investigating the teachers in a complementary way, positions were determined that were totally opposite to those held by the students, then it is suggested for future research to consider both the students and the teachers as informants and a supervision of the students' notes as the end of triangulating the results to refine the conclusions, on which future improvement plans will depend.

The investigation aimed to analyze the influence of physic-technological change as a factor of competitiveness in the textile and footwear industry in San José de Cúcuta, Colombia. The methodology follows a mixed approach supported by factorial, phenomenological and documentary analysis designs, using instruments such as interviews and surveys, scientific production databases and governmental and trade union reports of the sector. The physic-technological change was conceived by businessmen as a productive process, innovative, of social change, and transformation with associated factors of strategic management, culture of market planning, problem that solves, reach, control of success, materials such as systems based on silicone, polymers, panels and closed air pressure grilles, as well as improvements in sole material and use of recyclable material according to environmental policies, reduction of time of product development, marketing of the invention, resources, management of risk, productivity and competitiveness, depend on type of changes implemented or designed in companies of low, medium or high level and are associated with factor of competitiveness. It is concluded that technological change as a competitiveness factor allows maintaining or increasing market share and endogenous changes in productive and technological systems in the market.