Table of contents

The collection of works «Urban development and urban environment» is based on materials of the scientific and practical conference «CITIES AS DEVELOPMENT CENTERS» (CDCcon 2020). The Conference was held in August 2020 in Obninsk, Kaluga region, Russia.

The conference was attended in person and in absentia by representatives of the leading research and educational centers of Russia: MEPhI, Lomonosov Moscow State University, RANEPA, HSE, MARKHI, Kutafin Moscow State University.

The collection presents an interdisciplinary analysis of the modern development of cities as centers of development of communities and economies of countries and regions. Special attention is paid to the development of cities where science-intensive and high-tech industries are located, as well as the role of universities as drivers of urban development.

The materials of the collection are divided into chapters that analyze the issues of the development of the urban environment, human and social capital of the cities, urban economy and management of the modern city, problems of the development of "smart cities".

The question of the key factors that determine the sustainable development of cities, their scientific and technological superiority is of particular importance to the editors and the authors of the collection.

An important conclusion of the conference participants is that in the process of development each city should find its own identity, become a "craft" city - a product of joint creativity of scientists, citizens, government officials and business.

List of Committees are available in the pdf

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Double-blind

• Conference submission management system:

All articles were received before December 1, 2020 by email. Person in charge of peer review management: Ivan A. Chikharev, National Research Nuclear University "MEPhI"

• Email used for management: IAChikharev@mephi.ru

• Number of submissions received: 32

• Number of submissions sent for review: 24

• Number of submissions accepted: 24

• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 75

• Average number of reviews per paper: 2

• Total number of reviewers involved: 30

• Any additional info on review process: -

• Contact person for queries:

Name : Ivan A. Chikharev

Affiliation: Associate Professor of the Department of Management of Science-Intensive Sectoral and Regional Projects, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow, Russia

Email : IAChikharev@mephi.ru

Modern urban studies are developing in an inextricable connection with sociology and economic theory, since the city is thought of as a "machine" that summarizes all the processes taking place in society and, accordingly, through the development of cities, it is possible to solve such pressing issues as inequality, growth of crime, etc. However, no less important is the issue of the "organic integrity" of cities, which implies a careful treatment of a variety of buildings, including those that seem technologically and aesthetically outdated. This article highlights the basic contradiction between two approaches to urban planning: the pursuit of constant innovation and the desire to preserve the diversity of urban development. Virtual reality is becoming one of the most effective tools for solving issues of the city care today. The article will analyze international experience, demonstrating how the design of new buildings is carried out with the help of VR technologies and the work is carried out to preserve the cultural and historical heritage.

The article defines the principles of functioning and developing the structure of a multi-communication logistic system of a small city, which develops the level of intellectualization of a Smart City. A system of criteria for monitoring the transport and logistics system of the city is also proposed in order to increase the transparency and manageability of the city transport infrastructure.

The article discusses the applicability of the term "suburbia" to the mass housing development in the USSR in the 60-70s of the XX century. For this, the main features of suburbia are formulated as a phenomenon manifested in different cultures. The first of them is an ideological model that determines the peculiarities of the lifestyle in the suburbs and acts as the main city-forming and formative factor.

Being a special type of development of non-urban areas, suburbia is primarily determined by the type of the settlement, and not by the features of space-planning or urban planning solutions. From this point of view, suburbia is a mono-territory with a simplified approach to solving social, functional and planning tasks.

Being the product of a design approach which does not rely on the historical tradition of the surrounding landscape development, suburbia is not a self-sufficient territorial entity, being a part of the city "orbit" as an element of the network structure with its own complex structure of economic, social, cultural and other kinds of connections. Replacing the suburbs or suburban settlements in the vicinity of the city, the suburbia loses their properties as elements of the settlement network.

One of the main typological signs of suburbia is the massive, typical character of construction and urban planning solutions. At the same time, it is interpreted as the main place of residence of socially homogeneous population, the so-called "middle class", defined not by local traditions, but by the standards of the mass consumers.

As a consequence of this approach, both in the American and Soviet versions of the suburbs of the 60-70s there are no complex zoning and functional density, no possibility of choice both in the typology of urban spaces and socially significant objects, no natural landscape and microlandscape identity.

To improve the quality of the urban environment, it is important to analyze the patterns of placement of public spaces. The results obtained will help to create the framework of public spaces more correctly, including new and existing places of attraction for people.

The article examines the methodological problems of modern urban planning exemplified by the next "new" initiative. The weakness of the declared goals, of methods and means of the modern urban planning practice is shown. The root of the problem lies in the elimination of professionally trained people from all spheres of urban planning. The problems of the spatial organization of urbanized areas are concentrated today around the issues of social comfort of the urban environment. Therefore, the study of the peculiarities of people's perception of the surrounding architectural space can become a methodological platform for overcoming urgent problems of urban planning. The path to the development of a comfortable urban environment runs through the development of a program to obtain a meaningful, expressive, memorable system of images. Cognitive urban studies allow one to give a systematic assessment of models of urban spaces and add a humanitarian aspect to the algorithms for the spatial organization of urbanized territories.

The article focuses on the importance of using the developments of aesthetics as a theoretical framework for applied urban research. The need for this is prompted by the internal logic of the process of "global aestheticization" now taking place in the field of the humanities. According to a number of reputable scientists (in particular, one of the most famous modern German philosophers Wolfang Welsch), in the context of the revision of the usual forms of experience and the spread of virtual communication practices, aesthetics has the potential to become a kind of a synthetic science, interpreting the rapidly spreading "derealization of "reality". At the same time, it is obvious that aesthetics can no longer remain within the narrow framework of philosophical discourse, but is called upon to go beyond it into the realm of existence and conduct a comprehensive analysis of specific manifestations of the sociocultural life of a modern person, in particular, heterogeneous urban processes, "poetics of the urban environment."

Science Art over the past 20 years has become one of the most relevant and rapidly developing forms of contemporary art, it reveals the possibilities of innovative interdisciplinary projects in which an artist and designers work in collaboration with scientists, engineers and technologists, expanding the boundaries of the concept of "art", on the one hand, and revealing the humanistic potential of the latest achievements of science, on the other.

These processes also affect the urban environment. High-tech urban clusters, accumulating significant scientific potential, through the opening of science art laboratories, in which collaborative projects of researchers and artists are carried out, stimulate the clusters development, using the intuitive principles of art. This article analyzes the examples of a successfully functioning Ljudmila laboratory in Ljubljana, the International Synthetic Aesthetics project, the My Neighborhood social networking project, and describes the case of the restoration of a historic elm tree in Biscarrosse, France. According to the results of the study, the authors conclude that cooperation between scientists and people of creative professions can turn out to be a significant vector for the development of not only science and art, but also social life in the cities where the practice of Science Art is used.

The paper analyses basic approaches which should be implemented for transformation of urban environment to preserve urban heritage values. For case study was chosen Peschanye streets district (Moscow, Russia) as an integral element of the urban environment, as a historical and cultural, experimental city district and as a potentially emergency development site. The article discusses the heritage and cultural landscape-based approach for urban development where the conservation and development are potential partners, affects principles and processes and all together can create increased value for city and citizens.

The paper analyzes the experience of Barcelona in constructing a city as a social attractor, an area to which the global socio-economic system gravitates. The role of positive changes in the urban environment, the introduction of intelligent technologies of urban management, linking the city with global flows in ensuring the attractiveness of the Mediterranean city are consistently analyzed. The authors define the fundamental structure of the Mediterranean urban attractor, including openness and accessibility of the sea, internal and external transport accessibility, comfortable urban environment, introduction of smart city technologies and connectivity with the global economy.

The formation of a comfortable urban environment is one of the important challenges of public authorities and is implemented at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities. The development of modern cities poses many challenges for their administration, most of which are solved by state or municipal funding (co-funding). In the context of budget deficit at the regional and local levels, it is necessary to develop a methodology for the distribution of costs on improvement and other social needs.

The article studies the characteristics of a river in a city as a special type of an urban environment object, which defines a special type of spatiality. The access of the community to the production of city space through the production of river space is considered. The authors analyze whether the river can be a catalytic space for the urban community, which allows it to better cope with this role than other spaces do, and how the potential of rivers can be used in the production of urban space.

The article continues a new page in political geography related to the use of performative rules in the interpretation of spatial phenomena. The capital, in our case Jerusalem, as the brightest embodiment of spatial relations in the state, from the standpoint of performativity will be presented as a special symbolic system that contributes to the capital growth of the capital, which will allow deconstructing this phenomenon in a new and original way.

The case of Jerusalem appears through the prism of the manifestation of the capital of the capital. A performative approach to the capital city opens up new possibilities for interpreting the essential features of the symbolic and real capital.

The concept of genius loci has been widely studied in the scientific literature, mainly in relation to the "spirit of place" concept, and outstanding personalities of the past. The paper examines the phenomenon of the "genius of place" as a living person acting here and now, and highlights a specific role he plays in the development of "place". The authors argue that the role of the "geniuses" is especially noticeable in small towns and settlements. A number of studied cases allow us to identify found "geniuses of places" mostly as "varangians" (outlanders). The paper draws initial conclusions regarding the interaction of "genius" and "place", formulates possible hypotheses and directions for further research.

New innovative approaches to educational activities in "smart" nuclear cities are described. Examples of using the developed system of online control over student perception of materials of a particular discipline are given. Processing the results of monitoring the educational process allows you to draw preliminary conclusions about the abilities (giftedness) of students for certain types of activities, described, including in the course materials. The software and hardware complex can be used for other educational programs, which, depending on the subject area of study, allows you to form a kind of "digital portrait" of each student.

The article discusses approaches to crisis management based on the resources of political influence. The research is based on a dynamic model of resources of political influence, which includes the main resources of trust and competence, which, in turn, allow mobilizing and optimal distributing of material resources. The importance of resources of political influence in various aspects and at various stages of crisis management and anti-crisis communications has been demonstrated. On the basis of a systematic approach to the development of social systems, the features of the processes of substitution and compensation of resources in the conditions of crisis dynamics of the system are analyzed. Possibilities of concentration of power resources in crisis conditions are considered. The perspective of modern approaches to public management based on information, data and knowledge management and based on social intelligence is revealed.

The study was conducted on the material of individual nuclear cities during the first wave of the spread of the new coronavirus infection.

The capital is one of the backbone institutions in the political and administrative structure of the state. This is not only the location of the central authorities, the center for managing political processes in the country, but also the most important political institution that forms, reproduces and transforms its statehood, primarily influencing the political-territorial structure, the system of relations between "center-regions" and the regional state policy. This understanding of the capital city raises the question of why does the political and administrative structure of the state involve the allocation of a capital city, i.e. in other words, the inevitable division of the country into the center and regions, the formation of potentially conflicting social groups: residents of the center and residents of the periphery? And another question arising is what functions does such a division perform and how does it affect the nature of political processes in the state as a whole?

Based on the analysis of the current Russian urban planning legislation and the practice of its application, the paper studies the system of legal support for the renovation of built-up urban areas in the Russian Federation, shows the features of the current legal forms and mechanisms for providing the renovation of territories, analyzes the conceptual apparatus in the field of renovation, identifies the main problems of legal support for the renovation of built-up areas and shows the directions of its further improvement.

The paper deals with the issues of managing urban shrinkage, gives a brief description of the concept of urban shrinkage, notes the peculiarities of shrinkage in cities, as well as the shortcomings of the negative attitude to managed shrinkage from the policy and management system. Management tools of urban shrinkage in the Russian scientific and special literature have not been given due attention so far. The paper presents two approaches to the structuring of such tools, including the author's one based on the development of the concept and program of managed shrinkage in the urban-type settlement of Nickel, Murmansk region. The necessity to perceive managed urban shrinkage as an investment project with its own payback and positive social effect is emphasized.

The paper analyses concepts, planning and trends in European spatial planning network on the example of Rome (Italy), Berlin-Brandenburg (Germany) and Kristiansand (Norway) in order to formulate basic model for managerial innovations and conceptual framework consisting of key managerial innovations and approaches for spatial development of the metropolises. The article discusses the integrated diversity concept, the role of local actors in spatial development, spatial approach and spatially oriented policies, initiatives in strategic spatial planning and in regional development, innovative creative forces and regional identity.

The article examines the activities of the State Atomic Energy Corporation "Rosatom" on the implementation of social projects in the cities where nuclear facilities are located and improving the quality of territory management. The factors of social and political risk for the implementation of the programs of the State Corporation "Rosatom" for the development of nuclear cities are given. Possible methods for managing political risks in nuclear cities are presented.

Technological (digital) transformation, the evolution of the socio-demographic structure, profound changes in the economy of cities and the urban environment in the modern world determine the relevance of the search for new approaches to urban development. At the same time, high-tech municipalities, and in particular - Russian nuclear cities, possess significant features against the background of global trends. Using the methodology of systems analysis, expert surveys and comparative case studies, the article analyzes the productivity parameters of a high-tech municipality and approaches to urban development based on the material of Russian nuclear cities.

The article is dedicated to the end-to-end digital technologies of Industrial Internet of Things, big data and artificial intelligence used in "Smart City" project. The focus is on TRL and CRL technologies technological and commercial readiness assessment systems. Information system for monitoring, remote control and support of engineering systems technical condition at Housing and Utility Infrastructure facilities is studied and its readiness for use in "Smart City" project is evaluated.

The country's economic stability and security, overcoming the consequences of the economic crisis, as well as comprehensive regional development are closely related to the preservation and further development of our own industrial, scientific and technical complexes. The introduction of the concept of technological sovereignty, as well as the definition of a set of measures to achieve it, are necessary steps towards sustainable development and security of the state. In scientific research, much attention has been paid to the problem of modernizing industrial production through the introduction of advanced innovative and technical innovations, but at the same time, the issue of ensuring the technological and component independence of domestic production has not been sufficiently studied. The practical significance of the results of the work lies in the possibility of applying the formulated conclusions and recommendations in the practical activities of the subjects of regional infrastructure, as well as in the possibility of their application by the authorities in the formation of regional economic policy for the development of the scientific, technical and industrial complex in the context of all its components in order to ensure the sustainability of the economic growth of each territory.

The priority direction of the development of the modern Russian economy is its digitalization, which necessitates the introduction of high technologies and innovative products in various areas of management and production. It should be noted that the process of tax administration is distinguished by a high level of application of digital technologies for calculating and paying taxes. The article studies the advantages and disadvantages of using digital technologies in the process of tax administration, including their application by territorial tax authorities in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and municipalities. The analysis of specific measures for the implementation of high technologies in the field of taxation (personal account of the taxpayer, ACS "VAT-2", "My Tax") was performed and the prospects for improving the quality and efficiency of tax administration in the Russian Federation at the regional and local levels were identified.