Table of contents

Preface

This issue of the Journal is devoted to research and studies presented at the International Conference on Innovations in Non-Destructive Testing SibTest. The conference was held in Sosnovka, Novosibirsk, Russia, on 27–30 June 2017.

The conference brought together experts from different countries and organizations that had a great opportunity to share knowledge during oral and poster presentations, to initiate discussions on topics that are of interest to the conference attendees.

The conference aimed to discuss innovative methods and application of advanced technologies in non-destructive testing. The conference attempted to bring together university, academic and industrial science, to expand co-operation of scientists from different countries in research and development and commercialization of innovative technologies in non-destructive testing.

List of committee members are available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

An ultrawideband antenna based on a short dielectric dipole has been developed to sound dielectric layered media and to search objects including those hidden behind a dielectric barrier. In contrast to the previously presented antennas, the new one has an unbalanced output and contains a built-in balanced-to-unbalanced unit. As a result of optimization of the antenna geometry and topology of active elements, the lower frequency boundary was shifted toward low frequencies. The antenna records short nanosecond pulses with the spectrum ranging from 150 MHz to 2 GHz with small waveform distortions.

Spatial resolution of high-energy computed tomography is experimentally studied on the basis of X-ray inspection of a steel cylinder to assess the operability of the system [1, 2]. To determine the spatial resolution in the energy range of X-ray radiation from 1 to 4 MeV, the modulation transfer function with a preliminary filtering of radiation by a copper plate of 4 mm thickness was measured. The effect of beam hardening and correction of ring artifacts is studied. The modulation transfer function is determined using the Brucker microCT software. Experimental studies were conducted in the Russian-Chinese scientific laboratory for X-ray control and inspection of the Tomsk Polytechnic University [3, 4].

With a validated finite element system COSMOS/M, the out-of-plane displacements corresponding to model sources of acoustic emission (AE) were calculated in three-dimensional samples. The displacement signals were calculated for positions of the receiver on the top plate surface at several different distances (in the far-field) from the source's epicenter.

Psycho-emotional state is one of the factors effecting human health. Its evaluation allows revealing hidden psychological trauma which can be reason of chronic stress, depression or psychosomatic disorders. Modern techniques of objective psycho-emotional state assessment involve a device which detects electrophysiological parameters of human body connected with emotional reaction and psychological condition. The present study covers development and testing of psycho-emotional state assessment device. The developed implement uses three methods of electrophysiological activity evaluation: electrocardiography, electroencephalography and galvanic skin response detection. The device represents hardware-software complex consisting of nanosensors, measuring unit, lead wires and laptop. Filters are excluded from the measuring circuit due to metrological parameters and noise immunity of implemented nanosensors. This solution minimizes signal distortion and allows measuring signals of 0.3 μV and higher in a wide frequency range (0-10000 Hz) with minimal data loss. In addition, results of preliminary medical studies aimed to find correspondence between different psycho-emotional states and electrophysiological parameters are described. Impact of filters on electrophysiological studies was studied. According to the results conventional filters significantly distort EEG channel information. Further research will be directed to the creation of complete base of electrophysiological parameters related to a particular emotion.

The problem of removing industrial enterprises from the historical center of the city and the subsequent effective use of the territories has been relevant for Western countries. Nowadays, the problem is crucial for Russia, its megacities and regional centers. The paper analyzes successful projects of transforming industrial facilities into cultural, business and residential objects in the world and in Russia. The patterns of the project development have been determined and presented in the paper.

The current state of ecology means the strict observance of measures for the utilization of household and industrial wastes that is connected with very essential expenses of means and time. Thanks to spectroscopic devices usage the spectral methods allow to carry out the express quantitative and qualitative analysis in a workplace and field conditions. In a work the application of spectral methods by studying the degradation of toxic organic compounds after preliminary radiation of various sources is shown. Experimental data of optical density of water at various influences are given.

The first results of studying the properties of X- and G-ray beams generated at the grazing incidence of 18-MeV electrons with the 50 and 8-μm-thick Si crystals and a 13-μm-thick Ta foil of 4 mm in length along the electron beam are presented. The target has been placed in a goniometer inside the chamber of a B-18 betatron. The results exhibit strong changes in the angular distribution of radiation at the variation of the orientation of the target. This effect is not observed in the case of the normal incidence of electrons on the surface of a thin target. Images of a reference microstructure have been obtained with a high resolution of details of the microstructure owing to the smallness of the source of radiation. The dependence of the contrast of an image on the position of the microstructure in the radiation cone has been demonstrated, which is determined by the change in the effective size of the radiation source when the emission angle of the source is changed.

The article describes the results of testing ECG-Express devices, previously developed at the Tomsk Polytechnic University. The testing was carried out on the basis of Tomsk Scientific Research Institute of Cardiology. Here we show the argumentation for application of such a devices in medical practice as well as number of cases of successful use.

This paper is considering the most suitable algorithms to build a classifier for evaluating of the functional heart condition with the ability to estimate the direction and progress of the patient's treatment. The cons and pros of algorithms was analyzed with respect to the problem posed. The most optimal solution has been given and justified.

The research focuses on a pure-tone audiometer designing. The relevance of the study is proved by high incidence of an auditory analyser in older people and children. At first, the article provides information about subjective and objective audiometry methods. Secondly, we offer block-diagram and basic-circuit arrangement of device. We decided to base on STM32F407VG microcontroller and use digital pot in the function of attenuator. Third, we implemented microcontroller and PC connection. C programming language is used for microcontroller's program and PC's interface. Fourthly, we created the pure-tone audiometer prototype. In the future, we will implement the objective method ASSR in addition to pure-tone audiometry.

The article considers the possibility of checking fuel elements by X-ray computerized tomography. The checking tasks are based on the detection of particles of active material, evaluation of the heterogeneity of the distribution of uranium salts and the detection of clusters of uranium particles. First of all, scheme of scanning improve the performance and quality of the resulting three-dimensional images of the internal structure is determined. Further, the possibility of detecting clusters of uranium particles having the size of 1 mm3 and measuring the coordinates of clusters of uranium particles in the middle layer with the accuracy of within a voxel size (for the considered experiments of about 80 μm) is experimentally proved in the main part. The problem of estimating the heterogeneity of the distribution of the active material in the middle layer and the detection of particles of active material with a nominal diameter of 0.1 mm in the "blank" is solved.

Simulation results of the antenna system of the radar of subsurface sounding intended for contactless investigation of the road condition are presented. The elements of the antenna system of ground penetrating radar with extended bandwidth made as a combination of electric and magnetic type radiators have been designed. The transmission coefficient between the elements of the antenna array determining their mutual influence has been calculated. Despite the close arrangement of the elements in the array, the level of mutual influence of the elements is not critical. The developed antenna array can be used both for excitation with short ultrawideband pulses and for frequency steering in the range of 0.8-4 GHz.

The work deals with study of peat deposits of oligotrophic bog and spatial distribution of snow cover by geolocation. Data from ground penetrating radar were compared with the data of conventional measurements of a peat depth and snow cover. A fairly good agreement between the thickness of the peat deposits, snow depth by using ground penetrating radar and the data of conventional measurements has been obtained.

The article explores the dimensions of the probing region of two coaxial probes during the measurement of the dielectric properties of biological tissues and media at microwave radiation. This region is formed in the overlapping evanescent fields of the probes.

This paper features the technology for identifying the location of real people behind the barriers in real time using the UWB sensing. The opportunity to obtain the radar images of moving and not moving people was presented in this paper. The oscillation rate of a human chest can be defined by the continuous recording the not moving person. The point of this technique is in calculation of the differential signal in successive periods of time. The range of application to be extended considering the particular conditions. The research results can be used in intelligence service as well as for searching people trapped under the rubble.

The authors propose a solution of the problem of radiovision using the reflective array, each element of which can change the reflection coefficient under the action of external control voltage. The focusing abilities of flat reflection array of monochromatic radiation were studied to solve the problem of radiovision. The array element based on waveguide with a controlled reflection coefficient was developed. The phase shift switching is 180°.

Radiowave tomography of dielectric objects containing metal inclusions is a rather complex problem, since the scattering of waves by dielectric inhomogeneities occurs against the background of substantially stronger reflections from metal parts, even if they are geometrically small. The arising features of obtaining a tomogram in such conditions, including overcoming of disguising by reinforcing ribbons and the appearance of locational shadows at different depths, are discussed in the paper. Herewith principled importance to achieve high focusing of UWB radiation by tomosynthesis is noted on the basis of direct experimental data.

The approaches to the implementation of the mirror through transmission electromagnetic-acoustic (EMA) testing technique on multiple reflections are introduced. Operating principles of through-type EMA transducers and the special-purpose installation realizing the mirror through transmission EMA testing technique on multiple reflections are described. The modeling results of electrodynamic mechanism of interaction between the through type EMA transducers are presented and used for the efficiency increase and the improvement of dimensional characteristics. The special model, with the use of which the formation principles of through-type EMA transducer acoustic fields in cylindrical objects were investigated, is developed. The additional informative parameters based on the correlation, spectral and probability and statistic analyses of the multiple reflections oscillograms are suggested. The results of structural analysis and investigation of acoustoelasticity with the use of the mirror through transmission EMA technique on the multiple reflections are presented.

The generalized integral solutions of the problem connected with excitation and propagation of torsional waves by electromagnetic-acoustic transducers in unloaded pipes and under conditions of loading on contact viscoelastic media, taking into account excitation parameters (frequency and geometry of the transducers), geometry, viscosity and elastic characteristics of pipe material and surrounding media, are presented. The amplitude of angular displacements of the torsional waves in pipes is estimated from the point of choice of frequency band, scanning distance and sensitivity estimation in guided wave testing of the pipes with various types and sizes. The numerical and experimental estimation of influence of the surrounding media viscoelastic characteristics on attenuation of the torsional T(0,1), longitudinal L(0,1) and flexural F(1,1) waves in the pipe is performed. The model of acoustic path of the guided wave technique on multiple reflections for testing the pipes with fixed sizes is presented and the guided wave technique sensitivity to defects depending on quantity of the received reflections, clamping force of the acoustic transducer and unwanted mode amplitude which is restricting the sensitivity to the defects is estimated.

This paper presents issues of identification of various AE sources in order to increase the information value of AE method. This task is especially relevant for complex objects, when factors that affect an acoustic path on an object of testing significantly affect parameters of signals recorded by sensor. Correlation criteria, sensitive to type of AE source in metal objects is determined in the article.

Peculiarities in development of single-channel electroencephalograph for monitoring the depth of anaesthesia are discussed. Relation between the depth of anaesthesia and different parameters of the electroencephalographic signal is shown. Structure and features of the developed device are described. Results of device's testing are presented.

The issues of increasing the effectiveness of the magnetic particle method of nondestructive testing by using a new flaw detection material is considered in the paper. The requirements for flaw detection materials are determined, which ensure the effectiveness of the inspection method. A new flaw detection material – magnetic fluids from iron-containing waste products – has been developed.

The article is devoted to the development of a hardware-software complex for monitoring and controlling the process of air purification by means of a cyclone-separator. The hardware of this complex is the Arduino platform, to which are connected pressure sensors, air velocities, dustmeters, which allow monitoring of the main parameters of the cyclone-separator. Also, a frequency converter was developed to regulate the rotation speed of an asynchronous motor necessary to correct the flow rate, the control signals of which come with Arduino. The program part of the complex is written in the form of a web application in the programming language JavaScript and inserts into CSS and HTML for the user interface. This program allows you to receive data from sensors, build dependencies in real time and control the speed of rotation of an asynchronous electric drive. The conducted experiment shows that the cleaning efficiency is 95-99.9%, while the airflow at the cyclone inlet is 16-18 m/s, and at the exit 50-70 m/s.

This paper presents an investigation of terajets formation by dielectric periodic structure at terahertz frequencies in effective medium regime (photonic metamaterial). The dispersions of effective permittivity for periodic structures formed by plastics (ABS, black) were analytically obtained for both regimes. The study of the interaction of a plane wave and artificial cubic dielectric on a substrate parallelepiped to form a subwavelength terahertz beams (terajet) was performed. The results of numerical simulation of S-parameters of structure are discussed. The subwavelength beam waist of terajets about 0.39λ – 0.41λ were obtained. The quality factor of terajets are discussed. The results may be applied for creation of methods to obtain subwavelength beams in the terahertz frequency range, and devices based on them. These investigations are opening new research lines such as mesoscale focusing devices for different sensing applications.

We demonstrated for the first time the influence of the main parameters of dielectric spherical cavity, immersed in water, to transformation of whispering gallery mode into acoustojet (acoustic jets) by interaction of acoustic plane wave scatterer. It has been shown that the relative speed of sound in the material, the relative density of the material and the radius of particle significantly affect the condition for the formation of WGM resonance. However, the "more sensitive" parameter is the relative speed of sound.

The safe installation for studying the model electrostatic fields in the model areas of the cyclone is developed. It is found that the induction neutralizer reduces the concentration of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) in the examined object. The distance between the charged region in the cyclone and the neutralizer is the correction value of the height of the corona needles that is characterized by the magnitude of the ignition energy of the medium in the cyclone. The research results can be used in the development of cyclone apparatus for explosive industries, as well as measures to reduce technological emissions into the environment.

The production and application of nanomaterials is rapidly expanding. Therefore the problem of their properties change during long-term storage becomes essential. The properties of metal nanopowders after long-term storage under ambient conditions were studied and the results are presented in this work. The aluminum, iron, zinc, and copper nanopowders produced by the method of electrical explosion of wires were investigated in this work. The investigation was carried out by X-ray and thermal analysis. The estimation of the flame propagation velocity in the bulk layer of nanopowders was carried out. The characteristics of the nanopowders of nanometals studied are given in terms of their fire hazard. The results can be used for diagnostic of fire hazard of nanomaterials and protection of the enterprises against fire and explosion.

An example of information-measuring systems for climate monitoring and operational control of energy resources consumption of the university campus that is functioning in the Altai State Technical University since 2009. The advantages of using such systems for studying various physical processes are discussed. General principles of construction of similar systems, their software, hardware and algorithmic support are considered. It is shown that their fundamental difference from traditional SCADA - systems is the use of databases for storing the results of the observation with a specialized data structure, and by preprocessing of the input signal for its compression. Another difference is the absence of clear criteria for detecting the anomalies in the time series of the observed process. The examples of algorithms that solve this problem are given.

Digital imaging systems are using in most of both industrial and scientific industries. Such systems effectively solve a wide range of tasks in the field of non-destructive testing. There are problems in digital image processing for decades associated with the speed of the operation of such systems, sufficient to efficiently process and analyze video streams in real time, ideally in mobile small-sized devices. In this paper, we consider the use of parallel-pipeline computing architectures in image processing problems using the example of an algorithm for calculating the area of an object on a binary image. The approach used allows us to achieve high-speed performance in the tasks of digital image processing.

The paper describes the structure, operating principle and software of the ultrasonic velocity and air flow meter with the arrangement of sensors at the vertices of the tetrahedron. This design, with a minimum of sensors, makes it possible to measure the velocity components in three directions at once. The influence of dimensions of the construction on the metrological characteristics of the device is evaluated.

The practice of non-destructive testing shows that despite the whole range of working standards that define the methods of measurement of μ-focus spot sizes, the consistency and spread of the obtained results are considered unsatisfactory. In the meantime, knowing the accurate size of μ-focus spot is the determinant factor in optimization of control parameters, which is often carried out with geometric magnification. A new design of test object is proposed, a new method of differentiated line profiles of test object digital image is developed and tested, the computing chain and allowances are described. The obtained results have formed the basis for elaboration of a Standard to measure μ-focus spot size of an X-ray tube.

Article contains results of signal parameter research depend on increase crack length. Analysis methods of signal parameter resistance to external influences and signals clustering from crack propagation and mechanical influences are described in this paper.

The relevance of the work is due to the importance of creation of information-measuring systems and monitoring systems of a new generation to ensure the safety of mining operations and coal production which allow to control all the necessary parameters. The aim of this work is the development of information-measuring system for monitoring the technical condition of the mining facilities.

The article presents the results of research to develop a method and means for monitoring the in situ condition of the joints braking devices in accordance with the gap value and the angle of rotation between segments of "Straight pin" kinematic pairs. It was obtained a mathematical model of the overlap area dependency of the sensor of plates from their relative displacement in the parameters With the help of capacitive sensors it is possible to control not only the hinged joints, but other mechanical parts of the mine winder that allows you to create the monitoring system of the technical condition in real time.

We propose the new structure of three-axis transceiver magnetic-induction coil for eddy current probing. Due to the orientation of the coils, the direct signal from the transmitting coil to the receiving coil is minimized, which provided a high dynamic range. Sensitivity in all directions is provided by combining coils of different orientations. Numerical simulation and experimental studies of such a system have been carried out and confirmed the applicability of the proposed method and the mathematical model.

Currently, there is a high rate of distribution of renewable energy sources and distributed power generation based on intelligent networks; therefore, meteorological forecasts are particularly useful for planning and managing the energy system in order to increase its overall efficiency and productivity. The application of artificial neural networks (ANN) in the field of photovoltaic energy is presented in this article. Implemented in this study, two periodically repeating dynamic ANS, that are the concentration of the time delay of a neural network (CTDNN) and the non-linear autoregression of a network with exogenous inputs of the NAEI, are used in the development of a model for estimating and daily forecasting of solar radiation. ANN show good productivity, as reliable and accurate models of daily solar radiation are obtained. This allows to successfully predict the photovoltaic output power for this installation. The potential of the proposed method for controlling the energy of the electrical network is shown using the example of the application of the NAEI network for predicting the electric load.

The experimental results of the magnetic field sensor based on various materials are presented. In article the possibility of use of magnetic fluid as a sensitive element of the magnetic field sensor is considered. The importance of current tasks deals with the search of the perspective magnetic substances susceptible to weak magnetic field. The operation principle of the sensor is based on change in the capacity of the condenser with magnetic active medium caused by the magnetic field. The complex organization of magnetic particles into chain aggregates was considered. The principle of measuring the condenser capacity is described. The experimental results are promising for future application.

It is well known that it is possible to convert sound speeds in blood into corresponding densities and total protein concentrations. In this paper we numerically study the possibilities of the blood characteristics and total protein concentrations determinations based on acoustojet phenomenon. It has been shown that the particle of the blood immersed in water allow to form acoustical field localization near the shadow surface of particle by illumination of ultrasound.

The article considered the question of applying the backstop modeling mechanism from the components of anhydride mixtures in the process of managing the technological processes of receiving construction products which based on fluoranhydrite.

The purpose of the present research is the comparative analysis of the epidemiological situation of iodine deficiency in the Tomsk region from 1998 to 2014. There were examined 9901 and 15174 children of the school age including within the medical examination of the children's population in 1998 and 2014 in Tomsk. At all school pupils there were analyzed anamnestic data and carried out anthropometrical measurements, ultrasonography of the thyroid gland was carried out using the portable scanner "Aloka SSD 500" with the linear sensor of 7,5 MHz frequency in the real time, the thyroid volume was evaluated according to Delange (1997). The excretion of inorganic iodine was determined at 264 in 1998 and at 120 children in 2014, respectively, in a one-time portion of urine by the cerium–arsenic method. There was additionally carried out the analysis of results of determination of TSH at 10717 in 1998, and at 15091 in 2014 in a spot of the whole blood at newborn children on the 4-5 day after birth at full-term and on the 7-14 day at prematurely born children. Neonatal TSH in the dried-up samples of capillary blood was determined by the method of the fluorometric immune-ferment analysis with the use of sets of TSH-Neonatal: Delfia, Finland. Statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out with the use of the applied software package pspp. The descriptive analysis included calculation of the median for the quantitative and the calculation of frequencies for qualitative data. The comparative analysis included calculation of distinctions reliability by the Mann-Whitney criterion for independent and to Wilcoxon's criterion for dependent data. The comparative analysis of epidemiological situation of iodine deficiency in Tomsk and the Tomsk region in 1998 and 2014 specifies decreasing the iodine deficiency diseases in the Tomsk region, increasing the iodine provision of the population within 15 years by 27%, decreasing neonatal hyperthyroidism by 1.5 times.

The article describes the results of the research for sensors optimal arrangement during one limb ECG detection. The found placement provides the registration of the enough quality signal sufficient for the diagnosis of arrhythmia, the QRS complex is clearly recognized. Authors also show the test results of the device developed for the diagnosis of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death.

The article presents the control system of the PV concentrator system cooled by a heat sink. The installation is a hybrid system that generates heat and electrical energy from sunlight. The installation consists of a concentrator, photovoltaic modules and their cooling systems. It is necessary to control each part of the System to make it work effectively and get the highest amount of energy from it. The control system consists of subsystems, which control the sun tracking, cooling and the photovoltaic modules with accumulators.