Analysis of the effective change in the functions of land use and its impact on city structure, the study area Karrada / Baghdad / Iraq

The idea of the research came from the control of real estate developers and investors in the private sector on changing the activities of land uses, contrary to the basic design of cities. This change will be in two types, but the activity will be changed completely, such as converting green areas and orchards into commercial areas such as restaurants and markets, or by increasing the intensity of the activity itself within the same use as splitting the residential areas into small or multi-story housing units. The aim of the research is to quantify this situation in the Karrada district of Baghdad, and trying to find a vision to solve this problem by assuming that this change can be directed positively forward by changing the city's structure functionally, as one of the biggest problems is leaving the issue without question. On the other hand, the weak implementation of the law in general, and therefore the difficulty of controlling the profitability of the investment movement in changing the city's activities. Since this phenomenon appeared clearly after the structural change of the economy and society in Iraq after 2003, the time period for the study was chosen from 2007 to 2019. Where the year 2007 was considered the beginning of assimilation of changes after 2003 and their urban appearance with their socio-economic impacts, and 2019 is the current time when this change reaches its peak.