Morphophysiological characteristics and yields of black rice (Oryza sativa L. Indica) induced by gamma rays 100 gy at m3 generation

Black rice is a popular local rice and has potential to be developed due to having benefit for health. The high crop posture, long time period for cultivating, and low productivity being limitation factors for black rice cultivation. Induced mutation using irradiation of gamma rays was expected to produce M3 mutant black rice that has better agronomic and physiological properties. The aims of this research were to examine morphophysiological characters by growth analysis and yield performance on M3 generation of local black rice varieties from Boyolali and Bantul as a result of 100 Gy gamma ray irradiation. The observational data were analysed descriptively and compared to local black rice varieties at a dose of 100 Gy with the control plants (without irradiation) through T-test analysis. The result showed morphophysiological character on M3 mutant black rice of Bantul varieties with dose 100 Gy based on growth analysis showed that the value of NAR, SLW, and CGR is high on 2–4 WAP. Bantul 0 Gy had a high increase of LAI on 2–4 WAP. Mutation that occurs on mutant M3 black rice at a dose of 100 Gy causing short plant height, but the yield components were still low.