Enhance of IL-22 expression in Oral Candidiasis Immunosupressed Model with Acanthus ilicifolius Extract Therapy

Oral candidiasis is an inflammation of the oral mucosa caused by a fungal invasion especially Candida albicans, which need the predisposing factors such as Immunosuppression condition. IL-22 plays a role in neutrophil recruitment which plays a role in the defense mechanism against fungal infections. The leaves of Acanthus ilicifolius (A. ilicifolius). Objective. To know the effect of leaves of A.ilicifolius's in chloroform extracts on therapy in enhancing IL-22 expression in oral candidiasis immunosupressed model. Methods. This study was true experimental with post test only control group design. Sixteen males of Rattus Novergicus Wistar strain were immunosuppressed with dexamethasone (0.5mg/day) and tetracycline (1mg/day) orally for 21 days, then induced with C.albicans (ATCC-10231) 6x10⁸ on the tongue of rats for 2 weeks. Rats divided into four groups (n=4/group): no-treatment (G1), nystatin-treatment (G2), A. ilicifollius (8%)-treatment (G3), and A. ilicifollius (16%)-treatment (G4). The rats were treated for 14 days, then the tongue were biopsied. IL-22 expression were examined by immunohistochemistry and observed using microscope (400x magnification) and statistically analyzed (One-way ANOVA, LSD-test, p<0.05). Results. There was significant differences between G1 to G2, G3, G4 (p<0.05). There was no significant differences between G2, G3 and G4 (p>0.05). Conclusions. Chloroform extract from the leaves of A. ilicifolius can increase expression of IL-22 in oral candidiasis immunosupressed model. A. ilicifolius 8% effective in increasing expression of IL-22 and have same effect in comparison both nystatin and A. ilicifolius 16%.