Development of a gel spray formulation based on banana peel (Musa paradisiaca L.) as an approach to support environmental sustainability

Barangan banana's peel (Musa paradisiaca L.) is one of the most common by-products that are usually disposed in small and large quantities which can cause a serious environmental problem. Spray gel is a type of pharmaceutical preparation that is practical in use. This study aimed to formulate a spray gel preparation from the extract of barangan banana's peel as an antibacterial agent. Barangan banana's peel extract was formulated into a spray gel preparation with varying concentrations of F1 (10%), F2 (15%), and F3 (20%). Organoleptic evaluation, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and centrifuge test were carried out. In the antimicrobial activity test, the barangan banana's peel extract had inhibition zone diameters of 12.0 and 12.3 mm against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. All formulas have stable organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and centrifugation. Additionally, the formulation showed no sign of skin irritation at 24, 48, or 72 hours after the test material of the rabbits. Therefore, it was concluded that spray gel containing banana peel extract could be a very viable option for developing a novel antibacterial agent that is environmentally friendly and may help reducing waste problem.