Synthesis, Theoretical Treatment and Investigation of Adsorption of 4,4'-((1E,1'E)-(Methylenebis(4,1-phenylene))bis(diazene-2,1-diyl))bis(naphthalen-1-ol) on Olive Peel

In this study, the compound 4,4'-((1E,1'E)-(methylenebis(4,1-phenylene))bis (diazene-2,1-diyl))bis (naphthalen-1-ol) synthesized by reaction of 4,4'-Diaminodiphenylmethane with Alpha-naphthol. This compound was identified by using an element C.H.N analyzer, Infra-Red spectrum, Ultraviolet and Visible spectrum, and GC-Mass spectrometry. We used olive peels to adsorb the synthesized dye from an ethanol solution. The results obtained showed that olive peel has a good adsorption on the bis-azo dye. Temperature and pH effect were studied under multiple conditions. The result showed that the adsorption increased with temperature increasing, and adsorption efficiency according to pH as 7<4<9. Theoretical treatment was studied in gas phase for molecular mechanics and semi-empirical computations using the hyper chem8 program. Dipole moment, formation heat and binding energy were done via the methods (PM₃ and ZINDO/S) at 25°C. Electrostatic potential of active sites were also studied for the newly synthesized bis-azo dye. Vibrational values were evaluate using PM3 method, the theoretical frequencies obtained from the calculations were consistent with the experimental values. HOMO & LUMO (frontier orbitals) were studied by PM₃ method, electronic spectrum was also studied using ZINDO/S method and compared with experimental spectrums. The results obtained were closely related between the theoretical and experimental spectrum.