Using of RAPD-PCR markers to detect the genetic relationship of number of Bellevalia Lapeyr and Ornithogalum L. species developing in central and northern of Iraq

This study evaluates eleven wild plant species belong to two genera of Asparagaceae family, naming of Bellevalia lapeyr and Ornithogalum L. and discuss the similarities and differences among all species by using eighteen random primers for the Random amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the genetic relationship and genetic distance among these species. The study aimed to determination genetic relationships among all the eleven species by using RAPD markers and the method of extraction DNA from plants was CTAB with liquid nitrogen. The result show 16 primers success in giving 293 bands, of which 263 were polymorphic bands, 25 unique bands and 5 were absent. B.chrisii type also succeeded in showing two unique bands at OPG-08 primer without registering any other bands. The lowest genetic distance was 0.306 between B. longipes and B.parva, while the highest genetic distance was 0.943 between B.chrisii and O.pyrenaicum. It is concluded from our study based on the results of the RAPD test that the studied species were divided into two main groups, each group was divided into subgroups, the first group included three groups and the second main group included two main groups. The study found that the O.pyrenaicum type is distinguished by being far from the rest of the species.