Table of contents

The XIV Mexican School on Particles and Fields took place from 8–12 November, 2010, in the colonial city of Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico. The format of the school was such that the morning sessions were devoted to theoretical and experimental reviews, whereas parallel thematic sessions were held in the afternoons. All the reviews and seminars were delivered by experts of international prestige on subjects which are of current interest to the global scientific community and are also actively pursued within Mexico.

In order to equip the attending graduate students and post docs with the necessary introductory tools to allow them to benefit substantially from the specialized seminars, a series of mini-courses were offered prior to the event from 4–7 November 2010, in the Auditorium of the Faculty of Science of the University of Michoacan (UMSNH). The length of each course was about 5 hours, English being the language of instruction. An informal and friendly atmosphere was encouraged during the courses so that the students could overcome their inhibitions and actively participate in the discussions. A novel feature of this event was a colloquium aimed at the general public and younger students of pre-undergraduate level, which allowed the expert scientists to reach out to a wider community and raise their awareness and interest in one of the most fascinating and vital fields of knowledge.

The XIV-MSPF was organized by the Division of Particles and Fields of the Mexican Physical Society. It was generously sponsored by several institutions: Consejo Estatal de Ciencia y Tecnológico (COECyT) del Estado de Michoacán, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Universidad de Sonora, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Universidad de Guanajuato, Universidad de Sinaloa, Centro de Investigaciones de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), la Academia Mexicana de Ciencias and, most importantly, the Red Nacional de Física de Altas Energías.

At a personal level, we are very grateful to Dr Juan Carlos D'Olivo (President of the Red Nacional de Física de Altas Energías), Dr Pedro Mata Vázquez (Director of COECyT), Dr Ricardo Becerril Bárcenas (Director of the Institute of Physics and Mathematics, UMSNH), Dr Rigoberto Vera Mendoza (Director of the Faculty of Science, UMSNH) and Dr José Napoleón Guzmán Ávila (Coordinator of Scientific Research, UMSNH) for their invaluable support in all organizational matters, which enabled the school to become a reality.

We gratefully acknowledge the help of our colleagues in the organizing committee: Alexis Aguilar, Alejandro Ayala, Wolfgang Bietenholz, Alberto Güijosa, Gabriela Murguía, Sarira Sahu (UNAM), Eduard de la Cruz Burelo, Abdel Pérez-Lorenzana (CINVESTAV), Elena Cáceres (UCOL), David Delepine (UG), Mariana Kirchbach (UASLP), Ildefonso León (UAS), Juan Carlos Arteaga-Velázquez (for his impeccable work in managing the web page of the school) and Víctor Villanueva (UMSNH). Most of them contributed to the extra work involved in refereeing the contributions submitted for this publication. Many thanks also go to all the student volunteers for the efficiency and dedication with which they carried out their duties. At the registration desk, we relied on the hard work of Xiomara Gutiérrez, Enif Gutiérrez (UMSNH) and Mara Diaz Pancardo. Several post docs and PhD students provided invaluable support in all organizational matters: Adolfo Huet, Cliffor Compeán, Rocío Bermúdez, Saúl Sánchez, Anabel Trejo, Iraís Rubalcava, Khépani Raya, José Juan González, Saúl Hernández Ortiz (UMSNH), Alfredo Galaviz, and Alan Aganza (USON). Their help in carrying out the organization of the school was essential and without their collaboration, this school would not have been the same. We also acknowledge the help of the administrative secretary Maria Esperanza Jaramillo of IFM (UMSNH).

We would like to take this opportunity to thank all the speakers for delivering excellent lectures and seminars which made this event a success. We are grateful to all the participants for providing their write-ups in time, including the notes of the mini-courses, the review articles, the contributions stemming from the parallel talks and the summarized versions of the posters presented by students.

In conclusion, we cannot resist the temptation to comment that to our utmost delight, the students participated very enthusiastically and we hope that this school will contribute considerably towards their academic development. The future of scientific endeavour always rests upon the students.

Adnan Bashir (UMSNH, Morelia) Guillermo Contreras (CINVESTAV, Mérida) Alfredo Raya (UMSNH, Morelia) Maria Elena Tejeda-Yeomans (UNISON, Hermosillo)

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

An immediate non-comprehensive and fast reading three hours immersion in supersymmetry. Get yourself prepared for the LHC.

In these lectures, we will describe a systematic procedure for constructing an inner product in a pseudo-Hermitian quantum mechanical system.

We provide a brief introduction to string theory. We review some basic aspects of the theory as the quantization of the bosonic and the supersymmetric string. D-branes are studied in some detail as well as some aspects of T-duality. The course is intended for students with some previous knowledge in Quantum Field Theory and General Relativity.

Spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in QCD has traditionally been inferred indirectly through low-energy theorems and comparison with experiments. Thanks to the understanding of an unexpected connection between chiral Random Matrix Theory and chiral Perturbation Theory, the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry in QCD can now be shown unequivocally from first principles and lattice simulations. In these lectures I give an introduction to the subject, starting with an elementary discussion of spontaneous breaking of global symmetries.

This paper reviews shortly a small part of the contents of a set of lectures, presented at the XIV International School of Particles and Fields in Morelia, state of Michoacán, Mexico, during November 2010. The main goal of those lectures was to introduce students to some of the basic ideas and tools required for experimental and phenomenological analysis of collider data. In particular, after an introduction to the scientific motivations, that drives the construction of powerful accelerator complexes, and the need of reaching high center of mass energies and luminosities, some basic concept about collider particle detectors will be discussed. A status about the present running colliders and collider experiments as well as future plans and research and development is also given.

In this lecture we will describe a systematic method for evaluating effective actions at finite temperature. The method will be illustrated with the effective actions for the 0 + 1 dimensional massive QED as well as for the 1 + 1 dimensional QED with massless or massive fermions.

We give an overview of the light front holographic approach to strongly coupled QCD, whereby a confining gauge theory quantized on the light front is mapped to a higher-dimensional anti de Sitter (AdS) space incorporating the AdS/CFT correspondence as a useful guide. One can start from the Hamiltonian equation of motion in physical space time by studying the off-shell dynamics of the bound state wavefunctions as a function of the invariant mass of the constituents. To a first semiclassical approximation, where quantum loops and quark masses are not included, this leads to a light-front Hamiltonian equation which describes the bound state dynamics of light hadrons in terms of an invariant impact variable ζ, which measures the separation of the partons within the hadron at equal light-front time. Alternatively, one can start from the gravity side by studying the propagation of hadronic modes in a fixed effective gravitational background which encodes salient properties of the QCD dual theory, such as the ultraviolet conformal limit at the AdS boundary at z → 0, as well as modifications of the background geometry in the large z infrared region to describe confinement. In the semiclassical approximation both approaches are equivalent. This allows us to identify the holographic variable z in AdS space with the impact variable ζ. Light-front holography also allows a precise mapping of transition amplitudes from AdS to physical space-time. In contrast with the usual AdS/QCD framework, in light front holography the internal structure of hadrons is explicitly introduced and the angular momentum of the constituents plays a key role.

Recent interest in developing Mexican expertise in Accelerator Science and Technology has resulted in several actions by the Division of Particles and Fields in Mexico, and by the electron accelerator community in the United States. We report on the very encouraging activities over the past two years which were aimed at developing a light source as the most effective starting point. We present a number of possibilities to initiate and grow an accelerator science program and present a path that would lead to building, commissioning and operating a third or fourth generation light source in Mexico.

The LHC is set to achieve a total 14 TeV collision energy for every pair of protons colliding. At this energy it will be possible to study interactions of the SM particles that may contain particles beyond it. We therefore will continue improving our understanding of particle physics, at the very least. Ideally many particles would be discovered and its interactions would be studied. A framework study for understanding the decay, mixing and CP breaking processes of these and the SM particles are the family symmetries. Proposed to explain the hierarchy of fermion masses and mixing in the SM but posed for explanations and predictions of what may happen beyond the SM. In this talk I will review the present bounds on flavour changing neutral currents and make a summary of how family symmetries can explain them.

In this paper, simulation of propagation of UHE-protons from nearby galaxies is presented. We found good parameter sets to explain the arrival distribution of UHECRs reported by AGASA and energy spectrum reported by HiRes. Using a good parameter set, we demonstrated how the distribution of arrival direction of UHECRs will be as a function of event numbers. We showed clearly that 1000-10000 events are necessary to see the clear source distribution. We also showed that effects of interactions and trapping of UHE-Nuclei in a galaxy cluster are very important. Especially, when a UHECR source is a bursting source such as GRB/AGN flare, heavy UHE-Nuclei are trapped for a long time in the galaxy cluster, which changes the spectrum and chemical composition of UHECRs coming from the galaxy cluster. We also showed that such effects can be also important when there have been sources of UHE-Nuclei in Milky Way. Since light nuclei escape from Milky Way in a short timescale, the chemical composition of UHECRs observed at the Earth can be heavy at high-energy range. Finally, we showed how much high-energy neutrinos are produced in GRBs. Since GRB neutrinos do not suffer from magnetic field bending, detection of high-energy neutrinos are very important to identify sources of UHECRs. Especially, for the case of GRBs, high-energy neutrinos arrive at the earth with gamma-rays simultaneously, which is very strong feature to identify the sources of UHECRs.

In this paper we review a selection of recent results obtained in the area of experimental searches for physics beyond the Standard Model performed at present high-energy physics colliders. In particular we illustrate searches for squarks and gluinos, searches for scalar top and scalar bottom in different scenarios, searches for large extra dimensions, and more in general signature based searches. As no evidence for new physics have been found so far, 95% Confidence Level limits have been set for all the theoretical scenarios that have been investigated by present high energy colliders.

We present a brief review of selected topics in noncommutative field theories ranging from its revival in string theory, its influence on quantum field theories, its possible experimental signatures and ending with some applications in gravity and emergent gravity.

In this talk I will present a brief review of the role of radiative corrections in present and future collider experiments with emphasis on the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). After a general discussion of the importance, typical features and status of higher-order calculations I will discuss their impact on the example of Higgs boson production in association with heavy quarks and precisions studies of W and Z bosons at the LHC.

An overview is given of lattice QCD with dynamical quarks taking study the QCDSF collaboration results for two and three flavours of dynamical quarks for hadronic stucture. We first sketch the lattice simulation and the idea of numerical simulations and why it is a difficult numerical problem. Measuring correlation functions on the generated configuration then gives access to hadronic masses and matrix elements. Several examples are given of results ranging from the mass spectrum and decay constants to the computation of low moments of structure functions.

We use the permutational symmetry group S₃ as a symmetry of flavour, which leads to a unified treatment of masses and mixings of the quarks and leptons. In this framework all mass matrices of the fermions in the theory have the same form with four texture zeroes of class I. Also, with the help of six elements of real matrix representation of S₃ as transformation matrices of similarity classes, we make a classification of the sets of mass matrices with texture zeroes in equivalence classes. This classification reduce the number of phenomenologically viable textures for the non-singulars mass matrices of 3 × 3, from thirty three down to only eleven independent sets of matrices . Each of these sets of matrices has exactly the same physical content.

The (δ-regime of QCD is characterised by light quarks in a small spatial box, but a large extent in (Euclidean) time. In this setting a specific variant of chiral perturbation theory — the (δ-expansion — applies, based on a quantum mechanical treatment of the quasi one-dimensional system. In particular, for vanishing quark masses one obtains a residual pion mass M^R_π, which has been computed to the third order in the δ-expansion. A comparison with numerical measurements of this residual mass allows for a new determination of some Low Energy Constants, which appear in the chiral Lagrangian. We first review the attempts to simulate 2-flavour QCD directly in the δ-regime. This is very tedious, but results compatible with the predictions for M^R_π, have been obtained. Then we show that an extrapolation of pion masses measured in a larger volume towards the (δ-regime leads to good agreement with the theoretical predictions. From those results, we also extract a value for the (controversial) sub-leading Low Energy Constant ₃.

The gauge structure of the four dimensional effective theory originated in a pure five dimensional Yang-Mills theory compactified on the orbifold S¹ /Z₂, is discussed on the basis of the BRST symmetry. If gauge parameters propagate in the bulk, the excited Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes are gauge fields and the four dimensional theory is gauge invariant only if the compactification is carried out by using curvatures as fundamental objects. The four dimensional theory is governed by two types of gauge transformations, one determined by the KK zero modes of the gauge parameters and the other by the excited ones. Within this context, a gauge-fixing procedure to quantize the KK modes that is covariant under the first type of gauge transformations is shown and the ghost sector induced by the gauge-fixing functions is presented. If the gauge parameters are confined to the usual four dimensional space–time, the known result in the literature is reproduced with some minor variants, although it is emphasized that the excited KK modes are not gauge fields, but matter fields transforming under the adjoint representation of SU₄(N). A calculation of the one-loop contributions of the excited KK modes of the SU_L(2) gauge group on the off-shell W⁺W⁻V, with V a photon or a Z boson, is exhibited. Such contributions are free of ultraviolet divergences and well–behaved at high energies.

The low-temperature behavior of ferromagnets with a spontaneously broken symmetry O(3) → O(2) is analyzed within the perspective of effective Lagrangians. The leading coefficients of the low-temperature expansion for the partition function are calculated up to three loops and the manifestation of the spin-wave interaction in this series is discussed. The effective field theory method has the virtue of being completely systematic and model-independent.

Attention is drawn to the fact that the spectra of the baryons of the lightest flavors, the nucleon and the Δ, carry quantum numbers characteristic for an unitary representation of the conformal group. We show that the above phenomenon is well explained for baryons whose internal structure is dominated by a quark-diquark configuration that resides in a conformally compactified Minkowski space time, R¹ ⊗ S³, and is described by means of the conformal scale equation there. The R¹ ⊗ S³ space-time represents the boundary of the conformally compactified AdS₅, on which one expects to encounter a conformal theory in accord with the gauge-gravity duality. Within this context, our model is congruent with AdS₅/CFT₄.

Forward and Diffractive Physics (FWP) in LHC is a new open window to understand this type of strong interactions. We will present a didactic description of the topics being developed at CMS. As we know there still is no new results to present for FWP. We are accumulating data to have soon new results. We will show a number of topics and the detectors properties to do the observation of several topologies. We expect to give an optimistic view of the area.

Heterotic orbifold compactifications yield a myriad of models that reproduce many properties of the supersymmetric extension of the standard model and provide potential solutions to persisting problems of high energy physics, such as the origin of the neutrino masses and the strong CP problem. However, the details of the phenomenology in these scenarios rely on the assumption of a stable vacuum, characterized by moduli fields. In this note, we drop this assumption and address the problem of moduli stabilization in realistic orbifold models. We study their qualities and their 4D effective action, and discuss how nonperturbative effects indeed lift all bulk moduli directions. The resulting vacua are typically de Sitter and there are generically some quasi-flat directions which can help to deal with cosmological challenges, such as inflation.

The MINERνA Project (http://minerva.fnal.gov) (Main INjector ExpeRimentνA) is an experiment that uses Fermilab NuMI line. Its main goals are measure the interactions neutrino (antineutrino)-Nucleon at low energies, improve neutrino oscillation studies, study the strong dynamics between nucleons and between nuclei (nucleons) and neutrinos, and between nuclei (nucleons) and anti-neutrinos. I report on the current status of MINERνA experiment, studies currently under way, studies that can be done, and the Mexican (Universidad de Guanajuato) participation in MINERνA experiment.

We present the current status of ongoing efforts to use functional methods, Dyson-Schwinger equations and functional renormalization group equations, for the description of the infrared regime of nonabelian (pure) gauge theories. In particular, we present a new determination of the color-Coulomb potential with the help of the functional renormalization group that results in an almost linearly rising potential between static color charges at large spatial distances.

Oscillations between active and sterile neutrinos remain as an open possibility to explain some anomalous experimental observations. In a four-neutrino (three active plus one sterile) mixing scheme, we use the Magnus expansion of the evolution operator to study the evolution of neutrino flavor amplitudes within the Earth. We apply this formalism to calculate the transition probabilities from active to sterile neutrinos with energies of the order of a few GeV, taking into account the matter effect for a varying terrestrial density.

I have developed two-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code. I have performed numerical simulations of collapsars using these codes and realistic progenitor models. In the GRMHD simulation, it is shown that a jet is launched from the center of the progenitor. We also performed simulations of collapsars with different Kerr parameters a = 0, 0.5, 0.9, 0.95. It is shown that a more rapidly rotating black hole is driving a more energetic jet. No jet is seen for the case of Schwartzschild black hole case, while the total energy of the jet is as large as 10⁵⁰ erg for a rapidly rotating Kerr black hole case (a = 0.95). In order to explain the high luminosity of a GRB, it is concluded that a rapidly rotating black hole is favored ('faster is better'). We also performed two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations in the context of collapsar model to investigate the explosive nucleosynthesis happened there. It is found that the amount of ⁵⁶Ni is very sensitive to the energy deposition rate. This result means that the amount of synthesized ⁵⁶Ni can be little even if the total explosion energy is as large as 10⁵² erg. Thus, some GRBs can associate with faint supernovae. Thus we consider it is quite natural to detect no underlying supernova in some X-ray afterglows.

We propose a general framework to constrain ΔL = 2 processes by measuring observ-ables associated with neutrino-antineutrino oscillations in π^± decays. First, we use this formalism as a new strategy for detecting the CP-violating phases and the effective mass of muon Majorana neutrinos. Within the generic framework of quantum field theory, we compute the non-factorizable probability for producing a pair of same-charged muons in π^± decays as a distinctive signature of oscillations. Using the neutrino-antineutrino oscillation probability reported by MINOS collaboration, a new stringent bound on the effective muon-neutrino mass is derived. Secondly, we interpret the production of the pair of same-charged muons as a result of lepton number violating (LNV) interactions at the neutrino source, which allow us to constrain New Physics.

We shortly review on the connection between higher-spin gauge field theories and supersymmetric spinning particle models. In such approach the higher spin equations of motion are linked to the first-class constraint algebra associated with the quantization of particle models. Here we consider a class of spinning particle models characterized by local O(N)-extended supersymmetry since these models are known to provide an alternative approach to the geometric formulation of higher spin field theory. We describe the canonical quantization of the models in curved target space and discuss the obstructions that appear in presence of an arbitrarily curved background. We then point out the special role that conformally flat spaces appear to have in such models and present a derivation of the higher-spin curvatures for maximally symmetric spaces.

We study the non-perturbative phenomena of Dynamical Mass Generation and Confinement by truncating at the non-perturbative level the Schwinger-Dyson equations in Maxwell-Chern-Simons planar quantum electrodynamics. We obtain numerical solutions for the fermion propagator in Landau gauge within the so-called rainbow approximation. A comparison with the ordinary theory without the Chern-Simons term is presented.

It is a challenge to describe the non-Fermi liquid behavior that appears in strongly interacting systems of fermions using traditional field theory techniques. A proposal to model the associated "strange metal" phenomenology is to use a strongly coupled critical point with non-relativistic scale invariance, dual to a Lifshitz geometry, coupled to a finite density of probe charged carriers dual to D-branes. We use this model to study the thermodynamic and transport properties of charge carriers at finite and zero temperature. At zero temperature we show that the large wavelength behavior is dominated by a single mode whose properties are similar to the zero sound of Fermi liquids.

We discuss a set of recently discovered quadratic relations between gauge theory amplitudes. Such relations give additional structural simplifications for amplitudes in QCD. Remarkably, their origin lie in an analogous set of relations that involve also gravitons. When certain gluon helicities are flipped we obtain relations that do not involve gravitons, but which refer only to QCD.

I shortly review the worldline instanton method for calculating Schwinger pair production rates in (i) one-loop QED (ii) multiloop QED and (iii) one-loop open string theory.

Modifications of the structure of jets produced in ion-ion collisions represent a very sensitive tool to study the interactions of partons with the medium. Partonic energy loss manifests itself as a decrease of the number of particles carrying a high fraction of the jet energy and, the additional radiated energy, increases the number of low-energy particles. We present and analysis of jets produced in ion-ion collisions at LHC energies. Predictions with two different Monte Carlo simulation models (PYQUEN and Q-PYTHIA) for the parton energy loss, are analyzed together with modification of the jet structure.

T2K is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment with the primary aim of measuring the smallest and most elusive neutrino mixing angle, θ₁₃. 2010 saw the beginning of the T2K data-taking phase. This paper gives an overview of the T2K experiment, its goals and current status, and will discuss some of the initial data. All parts of the experiment: beamline, near detectors and far detector, are functioning well. In the far detector, 23 events have been selected from the first T2K dataset. Particle identification in the far detector also is discussed in this paper. Detailed analysis has not yet been completed.

We report on an indirect study of solar activity by using the Forbush effect which consists on the anti-correlation between the intensity of solar activity and the intensity of secondary cosmic radiation detected at ground level at the Earth. We have used a cylindrical water Cherenkov detector to measure the rate of arrival of secondary cosmic rays in Morelia Mich., Mexico, at 1950 m.a.s.l. We describe the analysis required to unfold the effect of atmospheric pressure and the search for Forbush decreases in our data, the latter correspond to more than one year of continuous data collection.

We analyzed the double production and the triple self-coupling of the standard model Higgs boson at future γγ collider energies, with the reactions γγ → tHH. We evaluated the total cross section for tHH and calculated the total number of events considering the complete set of Feynman diagrams at tree-level and for different values of the triple coupling κλHHH. The numerical computation was done for the energy which is expected to be available at a possible Future Linear γγ Collider with a center-of-mass energy 500–3000 GeV and luminosities of 1000 and 5000 fb⁻¹. We found that the number of events for the process γγ → tHH taking into account the decay products of both t and H, is enough to obtain relevant information about the triple Higgs boson self-coupling.

We obtain bounds on the anomalous coupling HZγ through data published by the L3 Collaboration on the process e⁺e⁻ → τ⁺τ⁻γ. Our analysis leads to bounds on this coupling of order 10⁻², for an intermediate mass Higgs boson 115 < M_H < 145 GeV, two orders of magnitude above the Standard Model prediction.

We will present and study an algebra describing a mixed paraparticle model, known in the bibliography as "The Relative Parabose Set (RPBS)". Focusing in the special case of a single parabosonic and a single parafermionic degree of freedom P^(1,1)_BF, we will construct a class of Fock–like representations of this algebra, dependent on a positive parameter p a kind of generalized parastatistics order. Mathematical properties of the Fock–like modules will be investigated for all values of p and constructions such as ladder operators, irreducibility (for the carrier spaces) and -gradings (for both the carrier spaces and the algebra itself) will be established.

In the framework of the Little Higgs Model (LHM), we calculate the decay width Γ(Z₁ → e⁺e⁻) with corrections of QED and QCD. We analyze this with recent data from LEP and compute the contribution of the model. We find that the deviations of the decay width of reaction Z₁ → e⁺e⁻ from its SM value are relatively large in the parameter space preferred by the electroweak precision data. Furthermore, with reasonable free parameter values, the absolute value of the relative correction parameter δΓ/Γ_SM is of 15% – 50%. The experimental measurement values might generate constraints on the free parameters of the LHM.

We describe the simulation of atmospheric air showers originated by gamma rays with energies in the 0.1-1 TeV range. We study the properties of the secondary particles at a height above level of 4100 m corresponding to the height of the array of water Cherenkov detectors (WCDs) of the HAWC (High Altitude Water Cherenkov) Observatory. In particular we study the pile-up effect of the secondary particles as they arrive at the HAWC Observatory to discern the way in which the PMTs of the WCDs of HAWC can distinguish isolated secondary particles as a function of their signal thresholds. This study is relevant to the application of the single-particle counting technique often used to try to detect gamma ray bursts (GRBs) with ground-based experiments.

The nondiagonal Hbs coupling within the context of an effective Yukawa sector that comprises SU_L(2) × U_Y(1)-invariant operators of up to dimension six is studied. The recent experimental result on B → X_sγ with hard photons is employed to constrain the Hbs vertex, with which the branching ratio for the B_s → γγ decay is estimated. It is found that the B_s → γγ decay can reach a branching ratio of the order of 4 × 10⁻⁸.

We review how second order equations for fields arise just by using projectors over Poincaré invariant subspaces. We focus in the case of fields describing massive spin ½ particles, we propose a particular second order Lagrangian and present preliminary results in its quantization.

We consider a warped five-dimensional thick braneworld with a four-dimensional Poincaré invariant space-time in the framework of scalar matter non-minimally coupled to gravity plus a Gauss-Bonnet term in the bulk. Scalar field and higher curvature corrections to the background equations as well as the perturbed equations are shown. A relationship between 4-dimensional and 5-dimensional Planck masses is studied in general terms. By imposing finiteness of the 4-dimensional Planck mass and regularity of the geometry, the localization properties of the tensor modes of the first order perturbed geometry are analized for an important class of solutions motivated by models with scalar fields which are minimally coupled to gravity. In order to study the gravity localization properties for this model, the normalizability condition for the lowest level of the tensor fluctuations is analized. We see that for the class of solutions examined, gravity in 4 dimensions is recovered if the curvature invariants are regular and Planck masses are finite.

We work with gauge systems and using gauge invariant functions we study its quantum counterpart and we find if all these operators are self adjoint or not. Our study is divided in two cases, when we choose clock or clocks that its Poisson brackets with the set of constraints is one or it is different to one. We show some transition amplitudes.

We bound the Z'tc coupling using the meson mixing system. We obtained such coupling which is less than 5.75 × 10⁻². We have studied the Z' boson resonance considering single top production in the e⁺e⁻ → Z' → tc process. We obtained the number of events which is expected to be less than 10⁷ at the International Linear Collider scenario. We get a branching ratio of the order of 10⁻² for the Z' → tc decay.

In this work we propose the geometrical distribution of the air Cherenkov detectors array (ACD), who will be part of the Cosmic High Altitude Radiation Monitor Observatory (CHARM) located at Pico de Orizaba Volcano at 4300 m.a.s.l.. The proposal is based on a library of events built with photons, protons and iron nuclei as primary particles by montecarlo simulations with energies from 10¹⁴ eV to 10¹⁷ eV. The goal of this detectors will be to determinate the nature of primary cosmic radiation, through measuring the height at which the secondary particles generated reach his maximum number or X_max, this quantity is related with the effective cross section and finally with the atomic number A of the primary particles. In addition to this we proposed an energy estimator based on the study of the lateral distribution function of the generated events.

We describe a general purpose data acquisition system for PMT signals. Hardware-wise it consists of a 4-channel ADC daughter board, an FPGA mother board, a GPS receiver and an atmospheric pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. The four ADC channels simultaneously sample PMT input signals with a sampling rate of 100MS/s. We have evaluated the noise of our system obtaining less than -48.6dB. This DAQ system includes a firmware suitable for pulse processing in cosmic rays applications. In particular, we describe in detail the way in which this system can be used during the commissioning and early operation phases of the High Altitude Water Cherenkov Observatory (HAWC) currently under construction at Sierra Negra in Mexico.

The Tatyana II satellite is the second one of the University Satellite Program, which is led by the Moscow State University with the participation of the Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla. This satellite has ultraviolet, red-infrared and charged particles detectors. In this work preliminary results based on the data collected by these detectors on board the satellite over a period of ∼3.5 months are presented.