Raman Investigation of Sodium Titanate Nanotubes under Hydrostatic Pressures up to 26.9 GPa

High pressure behavior of sodium titanate nanotubes (Na₂Ti₂O₅) is investigated by Raman spectroscopy in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) at room temperature. The two pressure-induced irreversible phase transitions are observed under the given pressure. One occurs at about 4.2 GPa accompanied with a new Raman peak emerging at 834 cm⁻¹ which results from the lattice distortion of the Ti-O network in titanate nanotubes. It can be can be assigned to Ti-O lattice vibrations within lepidocrocite-type (H_0.7Ti_1.825V_0.175O ₄·H₂O)TiO₆ octahedral host layers with V being vacancy. The structure of the nanotubes transforms to orthorhombic lepidocrocite structure. Another amorphous phase transition occurs at 16.7 GPa. This phase transition is induced by the collapse of titanate nanotubes. All the Raman bands shift toward higher wavenumbers with a pressure dependence ranging from 1.58–5.6 cm⁻¹/GPa.