Table of contents

The International Conference on Applied Sciences (ICAS2013) took place in Wuhan, P R China from 26–27 October 2013 at the Military Economics Academy. The conference is regularly organized, alternately in Romania and in P R China, by ''Politehnica'' University of Timişoara, Romania, and Military Economics Academy of Wuhan, P R China, with the aim to serve as a platform for the exchange of information between various areas of applied sciences, and to promote the communication between the scientists of different nations, countries and continents. The conference has been organized for the first time in 15–16 June 2012 at the Engineering Faculty of Hunedoara, Romania.

The topics of the conference covered a comprehensive spectrum of issues:

1. Economical sciences

2. Engineering sciences

3. Fundamental sciences

4. Medical sciences

The conference gathered qualified researchers whose expertise can be used to develop new engineering knowledge that has applicability potential in economics, defense, medicine, etc. The number of registered participants was nearly 90 from 5 countries. During the two days of the conference 4 invited and 36 oral talks were delivered. A few of the speakers deserve a special mention: Mircea Octavian Popoviciu, Academy of Romanian Scientist — Timişoara Branch, Correlations between mechanical properties and cavitation erosion resistance for stainless steels with 12% chromium and variable contents of nickel; Carmen Eleonora Hărău, ''Politehnica'' University of Timişoara, SWOT analysis of Romania's integration in EU; Ding Hui, Military Economics Academy of Wuhan, Design and engineering analysis of material procurement mobile operation platform; Serban Rosu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy ''Victor Babeş'' Timişoara, Cervical and facial infections — a real life threat, among others.

Based on the work presented at the conference, 14 selected papers are included in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. These papers present new researches in the various fields of materials engineering, mechanical engineering, computers engineering, mathematical engineering and clinical engineering. It's our great pleasure to present this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering to the scientific community to promote further researches in these areas. We sincerely hope that the papers published in this volume will contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the respective fields.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (MSE) have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the editors of the ICAS2013 proceedings, Ludovic Dan Lemle and Yiwen Jiang. Special thanks should be directed to the organizing committee for their tremendous efforts in organizing the conference:

General Chair Zhou Laixin, Military Economics Academy of Wuhan

Co-chairs Du Qifa, Military Economics Academy of Wuhan Serban Viorel-Aurel, ''Politehnica'' University of Timişoara Fen Youmei, Wuhan University Lin Pinghua, Huazhong University of Science and Technology

Members Lin Darong, Military Economics Academy of Wuhan Guo Zhonghou, Military Economics Academy of Wuhan Sun Honghong, Military Economics Academy of Wuhan Liu Dong, Military Economics Academy of Wuhan

We thank the authors for their contributions and we would also like to express our gratitude everyone who contributed to this conference, especially for the generous support of the sponsor:

S C Micro-Mega HD S A

Ludovic Dan Lemle and Yiwen Jiang Coordinators of the Scientific Committee of ICAS2013

Deatails of organizers and members of the scientific commmittee are available in the PDF

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

Nitrogen, which is present in the composition of steel either dissolved or as a gas, represents an element, which is generally unwanted, except for the cases when the aim is to obtain nitrides or to increase the austenitic domain in stainless steels. The paper shows the results obtained in increasing the nitrogen removal rate during the secondary treatment of steel meant for oil industry pipes, into a Ladle Furnace-type installation. The processed data allowed the determination of variation domains, respectively graphical and analytical correlations between the nitrogen removal rate and the parameters of the secondary treatment process (bubbling duration, steel temperature and argon pressure).

The extension of the raw material basis for the steel making industry represents a priority nowadays, within the context of sustainable development. The issue is of utmost importance particularly now when the environment legislation sets strict dumping conditions on the one hand and, on the other hand, when huge quantities of waste, already deposited in dumps and ponds raise serious problems in terms of meeting such conditions. The paper introduces some researches on exploiting waste containing iron and carbon in steel making; this powdery and small-grain waste is to be processed into briquettes. The self-reducing briquettes can be used in steel elaboration in electric arc furnaces, replacing the scrap, which is scarce.

The quality of finite steel products depends on steel content of hydrogen. On steel elaboration, in order to remove the dissolved hydrogen, at least one ladle secondary treatment is needed. The paper introduces the results obtained in the increase of hydrogen removal output, during steel secondary treatment inside the LF installation. Correlations were established between the hydrogen removal rate and the parameters of the secondary treatment (bubbling flow, bubbling time and bubbling pressures).

The paper introduces the influence of the control over steel ingot solidification upon the quality characteristics of carbon steels. The laboratory experiments focused on the solidification control of steel ingots with cylindrical cross-section, by addition of crystallizing germs (micro-coolers) in their central area, in order to influence their inner structure and quality characteristics. The use of graphical and analytical correlations allows the establishing of optimal technological domains of variation for the steel casting parameters, with use of micro-coolers, in order to obtain the desired values for their mechanical characteristics.

The material procurement mobile operation platform (MPMOP) consists of six modules, including network operation, truck transportation, remote communication, satellite positioning, power supply and environment regulation. The MPMOP is designed to have six major functions, including online procurement, command control, remote communication, satellite positioning, information management and auxiliary decision. The paper implements an engineering analysis on the MPMOP from three aspects, including transportation transfinite, centroid, and power dissipation.

The running time of hydraulic machineries in cavitation conditions, especially blades and runners, depend on both chemical composition and mechanical properties of the used steels. The researches of the present paper have as goal to obtain new materials with improved behavior and reduced costs. There are given cavitation erosion results upon eight cast steels with martensite as principal structural constituent. The chromium content was maintained constant at approximate 12% but the nickel content was largely modified. The change of chemical content resulted in various proportions of austenite, martensite and ferrite and also in different cavitation erosion behavior. From the eight tested steels four have greater carbon content (approximately 0.1%) and the other four less carbon content (approximate 0.036%). All steels were tested separately in two laboratory facilities: T1 with magnetostrictive nickel tube (vibration amplitude 94 μm, vibration frequency 7000 ± 3% Hz, specimen diameter 14 mm and generator power 500 W) and T2 is respecting the ASTM G32-2010 Standard (vibration amplitude 50μm, vibration frequency 20000 ± 1% Hz, specimen diameter 15.8 mm and generator power 500 W). Analyzing the results it can be seen that the cavitation erosion is correlated with the mechanical properties in the way shown in 1960 by Hammitt and Garcia but is influenced by the structural constituents.

Hydraulic machinery repair works necessitate new materials with improved cavitation erosion resistance and simultaneously good welding properties. The present paper is concerned with the behavior at cavitation of two steels with close contents of chromium (approximately 12%) and nickel (approximate 6%) but with different carbon content (for the first 0.1% C and the second 0.036% C). The reduced carbon content is necessary for an easy welding repair work. As a result of the different chemical content, as is shown by the Schäffler diagram, the steel containing 0.1% C has a structure formed by 60% austenite and 40% martensite while those with 0.036% C has completely martensitic structure. The laboratory tests were done in two vibratory devices one with piezoelectric crystals, respecting the ASME G32-2010 Standard and the other a magnetostrictive vibratory device with nickel tube. The evaluation of the cavitation resistance was obtained with the help of cavitation erosion characteristic curves MDE (t) and MDER (t). For analyzing the steel degradation, the eroded areas were also subjected to microscopic investigations. The results show that the steel with 0.1% C has better cavitation erosion behavior than that of the steel with 0.036% C.

FOCal Underdetermined System Solver (FOCUSS) is a useful method through reweighted ℓ₂ minimization for sparse recovery. In this paper, we introduce an improved FOCUSS by enhancing sparsity with two reweighted ℓ₂ minimization. The reweighted FOCUSS method has higher mission success rate and better accuracy than FOCUSS. The simulation results illustrate the advantage of reweighted FOCUSS.

The actual e – continuously variable transmission (e-CVT) solution for the parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) requires two electric machines, two inverters, and a planetary gear. A distinct electric generator and a propulsion electric motor, both with full power converters, are typical for a series HEV. In an effort to simplify the planetary-geared e-CVT for the parallel HEV or the series HEV we hereby propose to replace the basically two electric machines and their two power converters by a single, axial-air-gap, electric machine central stator, fed from a single PWM converter with dual frequency voltage output and two independent PM rotors, destined for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) and military vehicles applications. The proposed topologies and the magneto-motive force analysis are the core of the paper.

The parameter estimation problem in linear model is considered when multicollinearity and outliers exist simultaneously. A class of new robust biased estimator, Generalized Shrunken Type-GM Estimation, with their calculated methods are established by combination of GM estimator and biased estimator include Ridge estimate, Principal components estimate and Liu estimate and so on. A numerical example shows that the most attractive advantage of these new estimators is that they can not only overcome the multicollinearity of coefficient matrix and outliers but also have the ability to control the influence of leverage points.

The paper presents a study of the possibility of using artificial neural networks for the prediction of the current and the voltage of Electric Arc Furnaces. Multi-layer perceptron and radial based functions Artificial Neural Networks implemented in Matlab were used. The study is based on measured data items from an Electric Arc Furnace in an industrial plant in Romania.

In this article the authors present the necessary steps in object orientated design of an interactive environment that is dedicated to the process of acquaintances assimilation in Hamiltonian graphs theory domain, especially for the simulation of algorithms which determine the Hamiltonian trails and circuits. The modelling of the interactive environment is achieved through specific UML diagrams representing the steps of analysis, design and implementation. This interactive environment is very useful for both students and professors, because computer programming domain, especially digraphs theory domain is comprehended and assimilated with difficulty by students.

Cervicofacial infections of dental origin are a difficult and complex issue of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Recognizing in due time the situations which are likely to develop a life-threatening condition and medical surgical prompt interventions significantly reduce the rate of the complications. Between January 2009 and March 2013, at the Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara, 17 patients with severe cervicofacial infections were admitted in the emergency department as they needed a complex medical surgical treatment in accordance with protocol established together with the intensive-care department. Assessing the situations, we noticed a difficult, prolonged time of the recovery process which needed a hospitalization period of around 20 days. It recorded two deceased because of cervical necrotizing fasciitis and oral floor phlegmon, the most severe forms of the cervicofacial infections. The severity of the condition of the patients with cervicofacial infections must be figured and as quickly as possible an energetic therapeutic attitude must be adopted. The experience shows a frequent resistance to antibiotics like ampicillin, penicillin and oxacillin. The patients must be guided in due time to a clinic which has an intensive care department, where the surgical treatment must be administrated together with an intensive treatment for supporting the general condition. The reduction of the vital risk of the cervicofacial infections of dental origin will be done through an attentive assessment of the general and local condition (status) of the outpatients, before the dental extraction. The absence of a treatment adapted to the situation and to the clinic development, meaningfully increases the rate of the complications and the length of the hospitalization, the lethal evolution being not excluded.

Oral maxillo-facial region cancer carries major importance in the tumour pathology of the organism being characterized by a high frequency as well as by the variety of the clinical anatomical and topographic forms through which it is presented. Over 60% of labial carcinoma begins as an asymptomatic ulceration, therefore patients do not pay due attention, considering it a "rebellious thrush" and they make a specialized medical appointment in an advanced stage of the tumor. In this study we pursued the frequency of the lip cancer pathology compared to the total CMF; the distribution the lip cancer by sex and age in patients who submitted to the specialized service; the originating environment of the patient with lip cancer; the anatomical location of the lip cancer; the frequency of relapses after treatment; the presence of adenopathy in the first consultation. The study was performed at the Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timişoara and pursued statistical aspects of the lip cancer incidence over a period of five years (2007-2012). Pre- and postoperative patients were monitored constantly, registering in individual sheets the evolution of the disease, monitoring the relapses after treatment and the presence of adenopathy in the first consultation. As shown in the statistics made in the last five years (2007-2012), from a total of 8135 cases with CMF pathology hospitalized in the Timisoara surgery clinic, 163 cases, or 2%, were cancer of the lip. Analyzing the gender distribution shows that males represent 81% of cases while the remaining 19% were found in women. From the study of age distribution, we found that the number of cases increases with age: 153 cases over 60 years old and 58 cases between 20 – 60 years. Personal statistics from the 212 cases of cancer of the lip reveal that 143 (67%) patients were from the rural areas and 69 (33%) from urban areas. Neoplastic pathology is constantly increasing both in frequency as well as in the therapeutic problems raised. In the face and oral cavity cancer catagory, lip represents 2% of all cases and 19-25% of the total facial cancer area. Lip cancer is one of the localizations that, when detected early, can benefit from an effective therapy with high chances of healing. In order to achieve a complex treatment, interdisciplinary collaboration is required, only thus being able to determine both the therapeutic methods as well as their association.