Table of contents

The 2019th International Conference on Transport and Infrastructure of the Siberian Region (SibTrans 2019) has successfully taken place at Irkutsk State Transport University on May 21 – May 24, 2019. SibTrans 2019 continues to be a forum mainly for the Commonwealth of Independent States professional and academic community, engaged in locomotive engineering, railway infrastructure development and related areas of engineering.

The major goal of SibTrans 2019 was to bring together scientists and practitioners, engineers and industry researchers to share their experience and novations. The four-day conference provided a great opportunity to initiate discussions on topical issues of instrumentation for testing and maintain railways and locomotives, machine-building technologies and machinery, and discuss the challenges encountered and the solutions adopted.

Scientists and practitioners, mostly from Russia, submitted over ten dozen papers. All the papers were reviewed by the editors and invited experts. The most up-to-date and comprehensive manuscripts were selected for this volume. We sincerely hope that the SibTrans 2019 proceedings will show the readers a broad overview of the latest research results on the field of transportation.

At last, we would like to express our deep appreciation and gratitude to all the members of the SibTrans 2019 scientific committee for their strenuous efforts. Without their assistance and dedication, it would be impossible to hold the discussion at such a high level and to collect quality papers for compiling the conference proceedings. Finally, we want to show appreciation of all the authors, participants and editors of the proceedings for their critical contribution to the work, organization, and holding of the conference and to the preparation of the papers.

With kindest regards,

Dmitriy I. Sachkov, Nikita V. Martyushev, Anton P. Kutsiy

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

The paper presents semi-analytical approaches to the method of evaluating strain-stress mode of railway rails when a part of the solution is in the form of ramp functions whose rate of change cannot be adequately considered using the standard method of finite elements. The proposed model of a multipoint boundary value problem allows for effective evaluation of the rail's work against the changing of its profile, i.e. due to its wear.

The work is based on equations of motion of viscoelastic lubricant (Maxwell fluid) for the case of "thin layer", continuity and the formula of the rate of dissipation of mechanical energy. We found asymptotic solution to the degrees of small parameter K, characterizing the rate of dissipation of mechanical energy. This allows determining the molten surface of the bearing sleeve covered with a fusible metal melt, taking into account the dependence of the viscosity of the lubricant and the shear modulus of pressure in the adiabatic process. For zero approximation under adiabatic process conditions, i.e. without taking into account the melt surface, and a solution for the first approximation, i.e., taking into account the melt surface of the bearing sleeve covered with a fusible metal melt, the exact self-similar solution of the problem with incomplete (pre-emergency) filling of the working gap with a lubricant having viscoelastic properties is found.. On the basis of the results obtained for the zero and first approximation, the bearing capacity and friction force are found at incomplete filling of the working gap with a lubricant. In addition, for verification calculations of the obtained theoretical models, a numerical calculation was carried out and as a result, graphs showing a decrease in the friction coefficient by about 20% were constructed.

The paper studies the matters of the interaction of a source of non-sinusoidal current and voltage with a centralized power supply system for the electric energy recuperation during electric braking of rolling stock on the railroads. Revised energy conservation law in electromagnetic field and spectral analysis of non-sinusoidal voltage and current at the output of the inverter have been used to prove the cause of reduced current of RMS voltage in the overhead system. It has been calculated that controlling the active power of recuperation due to the phase shift of the harmonic current components relative to the similar harmonic voltage components is accompanied by a significant increase in the reactive component of the surge current compared to its active component. Losses of active power in the electric stock recuperating heat exchanger make up 83-87 % of the total power loss in the recuperating heat exchanger and in the overhead system. The reactive component of the equalizing current loads the transformers of the traction substations, therefore the voltage on the buses of the substation switchgear decreases. It is proposed to increase the voltage of the overhead system and the traction substation during the recuperation to maintain the minimum phase shift angle of the harmonic components of the non-sinusoidal current relative to the similar harmonic components in the overhead system.

Environmental issues are always relevant. Nature is subject to constant human intervention. At the same time, associated institutions are being created to solve the tasks of reducing the level of harmful effects and the full restoration of environment. In this article, we assess the level of harmful emissions and wastes of oil and gas complex facilities during drilling, construction of facilities for field development and their operation, and present basic measures to reduce their impact on the air in Potochnoye field. We have examined the amount of emissions and waste from stationary and mobile sources. During wells drilling and facilities construction, the average annual evidence of pollutant emissions into the atmosphere caused by stationary sources will amount to 141.29 tons per year while the pollutant emissions caused by road and construction equipment and vehicles will be equal to 200.8 tons per year. Every year the amount of emissions into the atmosphere caused by the maintenance of the designed facilities will be 13730.9 tons per year, emissions from vehicles will be 47.1 tons per year. During field development, all work on the field should be carried out in compliance with the standards of the legislation of the Russian Federation. Having analyzed the amount of estimated emissions, a set of measures has been drawn up with the objective to reduce the impact of oil and gas complex on atmospheric air.

By means of numerical modeling in the program ANSYS Fluent CFX the evaluation of fractional efficiency in a direct-flow cyclone with intermediate dust collector has been carried out. The boundary conditions were as close as possible to the experimental ones. As a gas phase, the authors take the air under normal conditions, as the solid phase – spherical particles of 30 and 80 microns in size. In order to evaluate the adequacy of the calculation model, a laboratory installation of a DCIC with two separate chambers for the selection of collected particles was made. This design allowed estimating the fractional efficiency of both individual chambers of a direct-flow cyclone DCIC and the apparatus as a whole. The results of the experiments carried out on different types of dust (fly ash, cement) showed a good convergence with the design model

The paper highlights the method of verification and identification of contradictions in the production knowledge bases using one class of logic with vector semantics, namely V^TF-logic. The general verification algorithm is described. It is noted that the use of such logics, while maintaining the need to iterate over the input facts, offers a procedure of direct inference and analysis of the inconsistency only in the case of conclusions-hypotheses, characterized by the value of truth named "complete contradiction". Tracing back the appropriate chain will identify and resolve the cause of the conflict.

The work presents the knowledge base of the expert system of the aggregate assessment of the level of industrial safety at a hazardous production facility, based on the use of the logico-axiological approach. The fundamental hypothesis: the reduction in production safety is due to the presence of "NE-factors": poor implementation of organizational measures, improper working conditions, inadequate personal protective equipment and so on. Failure to take measures to provide protection against industrial accidents leads to a reduction in the level of industrial safety. According to the approach used, the influence of "NOT-factors" on the level of "non-safety" of production is formalized by products of the type: (SIC)A ->(SIC)B.

The multidimensional nonlinear regression-tensor model is investigated in the substantiation of necessary and sufficient conditions for the optimal multi-factorial process of precision calibration of the parameters of the electromagnetic radiation source in the geostationary orbit (including the large-scale GLONASS system). A robust-adaptive strategy of a posteriori formation of the target functional of electromagnetic observability of a weighted-distributed signal in an established complex of stationary ground points is proposed on the basis of observations of this signal, made with a tolerance.

The article deals with geodetic devices used for the operation of underground pipelines under the conditions of the northern territories of Russia. The electronic total station Trimble M3, the GPS-device Javad GPS Maxor and the pipeline locators Leica Digicat 650i and Ridgid SeekTech SR-20 are taken into consideration, and their characteristics and accuracy are analyzed.

The article analyzes failures of bearings of the axle box unit with polyamide cages and investigates the influence of climatic conditions on operational characteristics of cages. It is determined that the greatest number of defects during the operation of polyamide cages occurs in the following periods: summer-autumn, autumn, winter, winter-spring, spring. The revealed dependence of the operational properties of polyamide samples on weather and climatic conditions in different seasons of the year allows predicting the change in the operational characteristics of the cage and taking measures to restore and improve them. The authors proposed a method of restoration and improvement of operational properties of cages by processing them using a technique of high-frequency electrothermy. Full-scale tests showed the high efficiency of the proposed method, expressed in reducing the weight of the samples as a result of moisture removal, as well as in an ambiguous change in strength properties. Their ambiguity lies in the fact that cages differently restore their original hardness indicators after processing. And in the periods corresponding to winter and winter-spring, it was possible to restore strength indicators to a level even above the original one. For high-frequency processing of polyamide cages, a device has been developed that provides the required coverage of the workpiece electrodes on the upper, lower and inner side surfaces of the partitions. The test of the developed device made is possible to achieve the desired results, expressed in a significant decrease in the relative humidity of the cages and an increase in their strength characteristics by 7.6% of the initial level. All this confirms the practical importance and progressiveness of the developments presented in the work.

The article analyzes the operation of the bogie friction wedge. It considers the question of the necessity and possibility of enhancing the reliability and operational resource of wedge-type shock absorbers of railway bogies by increasing the operational properties of a polymer covering plate of a bogie friction wedge. A method for increasing the operational properties of the polymer covering plate, consisting in its processing by high-frequency currents, is proposed. To implement the high-frequency processing of the considered polymeric covering plate and achieve its uniform warming-up throughout the volume, a specialized tooling is developed and constructed according to the technique established earlier. The developed tooling made it possible to implement a uniform non-inertial self-regulating high-frequency heating throughout the entire volume of the polymer covering plate in laboratory conditions with high intensity. As a result of full-scale tests of the developed tooling and the proposed method of high-frequency processing, deviations of temperature values in different parts of the heated polymer plate became apparent. All of this shows that the heating is not completely uniform. The greatest deviation value was 7.9%. As a result of the work, it was possible to establish the reasons for the lack of full uniformity and to determine the direction of further research.

Under actual operating conditions of electrical networks, it is hard to obtain experimental data that correspond to the maximum levels of the electromagnetic field strengths generated by overhead power transmission lines. Therefore, the analysis of the electromagnetic environment in electric power systems, both at the operated and newly created facilities, is recommended to be performed on the basis of mathematical modeling. The modeling methods and tools developed in IrGUPS and the Fazonord software package implemented on their basis make it possible, after determining the power system mode, to calculate the electromagnetic field strengths generated by multi-wire power transmission lines. In this case, the analyzed lines are considered in close connection with a complex electric power system. To check the adequacy of the simulation, measurements of electric and magnetic field strengths were performed, including comparative calculations for a 110 kV double-circuit line with a ground-wire located within the city. The comparison carried out in rather complex conditions is indicative of the correctness of the method of calculating a multi-wire line electromagnetic field developed in IrGUPS.

The article focuses on the study of logistics professional discourse terminology. The study revealed the tendency towards simplification of the morphological and syntactic structure of logistics terms, discovered new productive patterns for abbreviating logistics terms, found out that the existing problem of terminological homonymy of abbreviations could be solved through applying new patterns for creating abbreviations.

The article presents the simulation results of electromagnetic effects of a 25 kV electric traction network on a steel pipeline with a pipe diameter of 250 mm. It is shown that a pipeline with insulating pipe coatings can induce stresses dangerous to operating personnel. At certain points of the pipeline, grounded on both sides, the magnitude of the induced voltage can reach 116 V with an approach width of 100 meters. Therefore, it is required to develop and implement special measures to protect operating personnel. With an increase in the approach width to 400 m, the maximum values of the induced voltages did not exceed the permissible level. In modes of short circuits in the electric traction network, the induced voltages in the pipeline may briefly exceed 500 V. The highest voltages are observed at points located near the short circuit point. In case of short circuits at the terminals of the traction substations, the magnitudes of the induced voltages are reduced to 75 V. To reduce the induced voltages, the following measures can be assumed: reducing the length of parallel passage sections of pipeline and railway, increasing the approach width, installing additional groundings. During the operation of the structure, the magnitude of the "pipe-to-ground" transition resistance may decrease, which will result in a decrease in induced voltages.

The article provides the data about functional dependencies affecting the heating characteristic of the traction electric motor (faulty soldering in the riser winding). Studies have shown the functional dependence of the temperature drop along the length of the riser (with the coefficient 0.95 %) that allows determining the functional dependence of the riser temperature on its length.

The transport activities at a large industrial enterprise are usually an auxiliary process. Therefore, its optimization with information technologies is often neglected. As a result, the cost accounting for the transportation of goods for various purposes is often a weighty problem due to inconsistent information flows. The method considered in this article combines the ontological and architectural approaches for the enterprise activities modeling intended to equalize occasionally a somewhat significant gap between business expectations and TMS functionality.

The report is devoted to a possibility of a control of each Hopfield's neuron as an elementary unit of the neural network with variable signal conductivity used for transport scheduling tasks. It is set that direct control of the neuron is impossible in terms of initial data available for initializing the neural network. Also the result of some control algorithms based on statistical computations and signals dynamic is described below.

One of the most loaded structures, and at the same time, the weakest elements of the power equipment of traction rolling stock, is isolation. The analysis of the operation of power equipment of electric locomotives from the negative impact of climatic factors on it has been made. It was revealed that to ensure reliable and safe operation, a system of maintenance and repair of rolling stock is necessary, taking into account the zonal conditions of operational features. The necessity of creating adaptive systems to maintain optimal values for temperature and humidity conditions for the insulation structures of electric locomotives is shown.

The article provides an analysis of the interaction of the system "Emitter – Environment – Material" in the drying and hardening of the insulation of electrical equipment of electric locomotives, taking into account the intended purpose of the process. The structural-logical diagram of technological processes of using thermal radiation during repair of insulation materials of windings of power equipment of electric locomotives is presented. This structural and logical diagram indicates the need for an individual approach to the analysis of the system elements' interaction in the process of using heat radiation for the polymerization of impregnating materials for hardening. It is necessary to comply with the parameters of the maximum permissible temperature and heating rate not only for isolation of this class of heat resistance but also for an impregnating material, depending on which losses in the medium depend. A simplified approach to the analysis of the interaction process of the "System" elements in the mathematical model is proposed. The basis of this model is the relationship between the dose of irradiation of polymer insulation with thermal radiation and the expected results on the characteristics and properties of electrical insulating materials.

In recent years, the number of rolling stock derailments, especially unladen wagons has begun to increase on railways located in hard geographical and climatic conditions in Eastern Siberia. In view of this, we propose the methods for evaluation of the interaction of wagons and railroad track for safety train movement and determination of appropriate schedule for train operation.

The paper presents the main directions of the technological process of high-frequency processing of polymeric materials used in rolling stock products. The necessity of developing a mathematical model of the critical process of exposure to high-frequency energy is substantiated. As a model, an imitational mathematical model of the process of high-frequency processing of polymeric materials that takes into account breakdown phenomena is proposed (based on experimental studies of a large number of the most used polymer materials).

In order to improve the organization and performance of equipment maintenance, innovative proposals were developed and implemented. The explanations were taken into account when determining the methods for evaluating the maintenance performed for the joint approval of a unified methodology of applying the concept of a standard hour. The planning of performing equipment maintenance by day during the whole month was revised, which, in turn, allowed minimizing significant fluctuations in the scope of work and eliminating peak loads. The works on the maintenance of the mechanical and energy components of a single assembly were revised and combined as much as possible, which ensured the more efficient use of working time. Work has been organized on updating the composition of the operations to be performed, since the scope of maintenance work in the assignment forms is not always representative of the complex of necessary operations. Preventive work with subordinate personnel is organized in the field of improving the industrial standards in the workplace.

The effectiveness of the transport network depends on the coherence of all message options. Suburban rail transportation and route bus service are travel options often used in medium and large cities in developed and developing countries. Integrating these two travel options reduces total travel time. The study will consider the application of the operational integration model of suburban trains and urban public transport. The model includes two submodels: routing and planning. In the routing submodels, public transport bus routes are generated that pass through the railway station. The planning sub-model will allow developing suburban train schedules with the optimal coordination of timetables for urban bus routes. As an example, the railway station Angarsk and the urban route network are considered. Bus transportation is coordinated with the existing railway timetable for the arrival of local trains. Genetic algorithms are robust optimization techniques and can be used in planning submodels. The result of the study is to determine the routes that require changes in the timetable, taking into account the arriving trains.

The paper reports on search for additional criteria to estimate the electrical connection state in the operating mode characterized by abrupt change in electric current parameters. The results obtained in the course of theoretical studies are based on the use of methods of mathematical and experimental modeling of thermal processes in electrical connections of a traction power supply system. New criteria for estimating the state of the electrical connection for cyclic traction load have been found out. Investigation of the defectiveness ratio in the "heating-cooling" cycle makes it possible to estimate the current state of the electrical connection under service conditions.

At present wide application in the machine tool industry has a professional connection with equiaxed circuit. These torque transmission connections have a number of operational advantages over traditionally used such as: high accuracy, stiffness, wear resistance, strength and vibration resistance. The practice of using these compounds in the critical nodes of metal-cutting machines in particular multi-purpose CNC machines has shown that these compounds have high flexibility in the requirements for reusable assemblies of the connection when replacing technological sets of tools. Experimental studies of these compounds of models made of optically active material allowed us to study the processes of contact interaction of parts of the compound under cyclic loading.

The article is devoted to an experimental study of the dynamic characteristics of the four-beam frequency filter under consideration in various power consumption modes. Based on the PSpice program, a typical power supply circuit for LED lamps was modeled. The peaks of the harmonic series reflect the power of the higher harmonics relative to the fundamental harmonic. In the three-phase mode of the lighting systems switching, the filter compensating device according to the four-beam "star connection" scheme is more efficient. The experimental results showed that the content of the 3rd harmonic, when the filter of the compensating device is turned on, exceeds the permissible state standard specification by 5% only in the 6-fold asymmetry mode in the current of the main power supply. Thus, in three-phase networks, using a four-beam passive harmonic filter, it is possible to suppress the higher harmonics of non-sinusoidal voltages and currents effectively. The filtering level of the harmonic components provides a significant reduction in the non-sinusoidality of the current and, as a result, an increase in the quality of electricity, as well as a reduction in power losses in the filter compensating device, a decrease in the overall dimensions of the filter and its cost.

The article provides a classical prime cost accounting, outlining steps for calculating the cost at production site. The calculations compare two methods of manufacturing titanium parts for the aviation industry. The first method uses the mold forming by drop forging and the second one uses a modern superplastic manufacturing technology. This comparative calculation will determine the price of production of one set of parts for the SU-30. The considered methods of manufacturing parts will show the prime cost of production and will draw conclusions on further cooperation between Irkutsk Aviation Plant and Irkutsk State Technical University in the field of titanium products mold forming for modern aircraft.

The article discusses the issues of improving the quality of electricity in the networks of nontraction railway consumers through the use of energy routers. Model studies of the electricity supply system of railways with high-frequency routers were carried out. Results have been obtained that allow using energy routers to supply electricity to plants of railway consumers with increased requirements for electric power quality. The article presents the results of the calculation of the high-frequency transformer and its experimental characteristics obtained in the study of high-frequency electrical plants of consumers.

The paper considers the issues of measuring the geometric parameters of the springs using a laser-optical sensor. The features of an automated rig for measuring the parameters of the springs are presented. The work also investigates the operation of the laser-optical sensor. The results obtained allow using the laser-optical sensor for measuring the geometric parameters of the springs of a rolling stock. The measurements obtained with the laser-optical sensor to determine the parameters of the locomotive suspension springs are presented.

Nowadays synchronous machines with permanent magnets are widely used in motor manufacturing due to output parameters. The paper aims to analyse the radial magnetic forces that cause the stator vibration of a synchronous machine with permanent magnets and a fractional slot concentrated winding. The method to assess the vibration parameters of synchronous machine is proposed.

Transport in Siberia is an integral part of human life. It is one of the important sectors of the national and regional economies. It is necessary to know how transport technologies have evolved. Development of technologies accelerates the economic growth of the region, establishes strong economic ties with developed regions of the country. The regions with a developed transport infrastructure have the most useful conditions for the economic growth. This article aims to describe the development of the transport system in Siberia. It describes the development of information technologies applied in the transport industry of Siberia. Application of the GLONASS navigation system is analyzed by the example of Irkutsk region.

The paper is concerned with the qualitative assessment of socio-economic development of transport industry of the region made with a help of information systems and mathematical methods. The object of this study is a railway transportation system in Transbaikal region. The research was made on the basis of a priori and posteriori approach with the use of recessionary analysis and correlation. The research of basic trends in socio-economic development of Transbaikal region during a long period of time (10 years) comprising the periods of growth and stagnation made it possible to reveal a set of models which affects the volume of transportation. This will help to forecast a strategy of development of Transbaikal region. The article contains the results of empirical study on interconnection between a set of factors and a volume of passenger transportation in Transbaikal region.

This article presents computer modeling results for AC railroads power supply system modes. It considers various methods of connection of controlled reactive power sources (RPS). It is shown that the various problems of stabilizing the voltage levels in the traction network and reducing electrical energy losses can be solved. The computer-aided modeling indicates that to install RPS into all phases of traction substations is the best way to stabilize voltage levels in traction networks and reduce electrical energy losses. When the reactive power sources are present in the free phase, traction network losses increase in comparison with the option when the RPS are not present. The installation of sources in the retarding or leading phase allows stabilizing voltage in the load utilizing equipment, reducing losses and non-symmetry in supply mains. The best option in terms of electrical energy losses is connecting the RPS to the leading phase. In terms of non-symmetry in supply mains, the best performance is produced when the RPS are installed in the retarding phase.

Rectifier locomotives have non-linear current-voltage characteristics and generate higher harmonics (HH) in the power supply networks, which is accompanied by the following negative effects: reduced equipment service life, distortion of electricity metering, occurrence of resonant processes, etc. Therefore, the problem of reducing the levels of harmonic distortion in the networks adjacent to the traction substations of the AC railways is of increased relevance. The level of HH generation depends on the design features of electric locomotives. Electric stock with zone-and-phase regulation creates high harmonic distortions, which results in increased losses, increased electromagnetic effects on adjacent power and telecommunication lines and reduced reliability of power supply. Electric locomotives with asynchronous traction motors (ATM) connected via 4q – S converters virtually do not distort the sinusoidality of the current curve. To measure the degree of reduction of harmonic distortion during the movement of locomotives with ATM, simulation modeling of non-sinusoidal modes of a typical 25 kV traction power supply system was carried out for two variants of the locomotives used: 1) VL-80R with DC motors; 2) UTY –1 with asynchronous traction motors. The methodology for determining non-sinusoidal modes is based on the technology of modeling electric power systems (EPS) in phase coordinates; at the same time, the models of EPS elements were formed as lattice schemes characterized by a fully connected topology. The parameters of these circuits can be recalculated to the frequencies of HH. The proposed approach is universal and can be used to study non-sinusoidal modes in existing and future traction power supply systems. The simulation results showed that the problem of increased harmonic distortion in the networks feeding the traction substations can be completely solved by replacing the acting locomotives with new-generation electric locomotives with asynchronous electric drives and four-quadrant converters.

The growth in freight traffic transported throughout the entire network of Russian Railways, and in the Eastern Polygon in particular, is constantly growing, so an increase in train traffic reduces the time for technological work at railway infrastructure facilities. Consequently, it is necessary to develop methods for assessing the state of infrastructure facilities virtually without using "track possession". In this regard, the article proposes to improve the existing remote method for diagnosing high-voltage insulation of the overhead system (registration of ultraviolet and thermal radiation with a special device), enhancing it with additional measurement. The proposed solution is to assess the state of high-voltage insulation by measuring electromagnetic radiation, which will increase the accuracy of diagnostics. As for a technological solution – to record a signal (partial discharges and surface partial discharges) with three antennas (induction electrometric converters), it is aimed at improving the accuracy of localization of a faulty string of insulators.

An approach has been proposed to determine the area of change in the parameters of the controlled plant by the example of a system with PID controller. The search for ranges of parameter changes is based on the solution of the nonlinear programming problem, which is obtained as a conclusion of V.L. Kharitonov's theorem on the robust stability of linear systems.

In this scientific work, the authors consider the issue of non-destructive testing. In the article, the authors describe the process of improving the performance properties of polymeric products of complex configuration. In the article, the authors choose the method of high-frequency control as the most suitable for assessing the quality of products in the manufacture and during repair work. The scientific work describes the process of diagnosing products made from polymeric materials on the developed diagnostic device. This article describes the development of methods for designing a technological additional device for diagnosing products of complex configuration. In this paper, the authors solved the problem of manufacturing electrodes for experimental diagnostics. The authors drew conclusions and set goals for further research.

Composite components tend to have higher deviations from the nominal dimension in conjunction with metal components. Composites production processes simulation methods have already been developed before long time ago. This article presents the possibility of integrating the technique of non-rigid dimensional chains, taking into account the elastic properties of composite materials to assess the products assemblage with machinery parts from composite materials, on the basis of three-dimensional GePARD system. The fundamental points of the dimensional chain calculating method with non-rigid parts, as well as methods of assessing the stiffness for some types of composite materials, which take into account some peculiarities of its structure, are also examined. The assemblability of an assembly unit is represented by the parameter of the functional assembly requirement depending on the critical accuracy characteristics.

An analysis of the application of information technology in transport and technological machines is presented. The features of the use of information technology in the design and operation of transport equipment are given. The objectives of applying information technology at the stage of machine design are determined. The information model of the bulldozer is presented as the system comprising external environment – working equipment – caterpillar track - frame - transmission - engine - operator. A dynamic model of the bulldozer has been developed. Mathematical models of the elements of the dynamic model are presented. Also, characteristics are given which reflect the processes occurring during technological operations when using the bulldozer for carrying out excavation works. It has been established that the information model of the bulldozer makes it possible to obtain data to calculate loading of the bulldozer elements and to optimize selection of the best machine parameters at the stage of functional design.

The paper considers peculiarities of forecasting in the field of railroad facilities based on approximation of time series and neural networks. The objects of traction power supply of the Transbaikal Railway are considered as the object of the study. Forecasting on the basis of approximation for consumers with maximum power consumption increases the accuracy of forecasting the electric energy consumption by 4...7%. The application of neural networks in forecasting of power consumption allows reducing the value of error to 2%, thus leading to significant reduction of costs for fuel and energy balance of a structural division or an enterprise as a whole.

Increase of transit traffic volume demands application of new technological solutions structured in accordance with the tight schedule of the movement of freight trains. The forms of organizing traffic volumes based on the tight schedule are the intersectional and group trains and technical routes of regular service requiring specially organized reception of groups of wagons at their railroad yard.

Now there are quite a few optimizing models aimed at describing and researching of the uniform object – a freight transportation control system. Many of them give the individual formal description of the system, while being closed to further specification and development.

One of the main goals of transport processes control consists in optimum performance of cargo transportation of the predefined volume determined at a certain time interval, using the existing technical, information and steering complexes.

In this article the authors propose their concept of a correction system for the direction of a locomotive spotlight's luminous flux in the horizontal plane during train movement. This solution will keep the railway tracks well-lit while the locomotive moves on curved track during night time and in limited visibility conditions and drastically increase the railway traffic safety.

The paper presents a new method for improving the efficiency of the braking control algorithm for a two-wheeled motorcycle. The method is based on the use of high quality information sources - direct measurement and analysis of forces in the wheel-road contact. The criterion for generating control signals by actuators is based on the negative sign of derivatives of lateral forces acting on wheels with respect to time. Experimental studies have shown that the negative sign of lateral force derivatives with respect to time determines side slip of wheels relative to the road surface. The consequence of the sideslip is loss of vehicle stability. The algorithm for generating vehicle control signals, which is based on the negative sign of the lateral force derivative with respect to time, is, to some extent, analogous to modern ESP systems (electronic stability control systems), which are currently being actively installed in two-wheeled vehicles (motorcycles).

The article deals with the issue of friction reduction. Application of lubrication to decrease the intensity of wear in the wheel-rail system is widely-spread in rail transport. However, the lubricants used in this technology, even those which are made according to contemporary significant requirements relating to the environment, cause irreparable harm to the nature. The article suggests the application of lubrication based on reducing the temperature in the contact area by applying a refrigerant.

The article presents the results of original investigations of the thermodynamic laws of sorption extraction of Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺from wastewater. As an adsorbent, a natural zeolite from the Holinsky deposit of the klinoptilolite type, modified with a sulphur polymer, obtained from waste in the production of epichlorohydrin was proposed. The limiting parameters of the adsorption process are described by the Langmuir equation. The graphical method the limiting value of adsorption, the adsorption equilibrium constant, the differential heat of adsorption, the adsorption rate constant, the activation energy, the Gibbs energy was founded. It is proved that the investigated processes obey the laws of physical adsorption and are spontaneous.

The article presents investigations of adsorption of heavy metal ions Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cu²⁺ by modified zeolites. As a modifier of zeolites of the Holinsky deposit, a sulfur polymer is proposed that is obtained from waste during the production of epichlorohydrin, the main components of which is 1,2,3 - trichloropropane. The mechanisms of adsorption and the results of investigations by the methods of infra-red pectroscopy and energy differential X-ray spectroscopy of the initial samples of materials are described in detail. On the IR- spectres new absorption bands are considered. These bands reflect the nature of fixation of modifier on the surface of sorbent.

The design, principle of operation, method for determining the inductance and the algorithm for plotting the voltage regulation characteristics of a two-packet synchronous generator with a combined excitation are described in this article. Characterization and inductance calculation were carried out for a prototype having a power of 11 kW, number of phases - 3, frequency of induced EMF in the AC winding - 550 Hz, number of pole pairs - 11.

The article outlines the importance of engineering and geodetic survey during the reconstruction of automobile roads. The main phases of engineering and geodetic survey, such as the creation of a horizontal and vertical control, topographic plotting, technologies for the detailed staking of circular curves, and softwares for the execution of data processing, are taken into consideration. Possible tolerance limits in building and geodetic operations are reported. Research on the evenness of the upper surface of the asphaltic coating of an automobile road after its reconstruction is carried out.

Annotation. The paper numerically studies adhesive-mechanical composite joints with metal and composite connecting elements (rivets and fasteners). The results of comparative experimental tests of metal and composite connectors are presented. The stress-strain state in various layers of composite plates reinforcing composite fibers and in an epoxy matrix is investigated.

The high cost of precious metals and environmental requirements lead to the need for the completeness of their extraction from primary and secondary raw materials.

During the processing of primary raw materials, waste solutions are produced that contain low-concentration precious metals, which must be removed from the process. To prevent losses and comply with environmental protection requirements, it is necessary to extract precious metals from waste solutions. The complexity of this task lies in the low concentration and chemical forms of the presence of precious metals in aqueous systems. The cementation method, currently used for the extraction of precious metals, has several disadvantages: the duration of the process, high-energy consumption, etc. To increase the efficiency of the method used, it is necessary to pre-treat the solution with the goal of labilizing the noble metal complexes. The purpose of the experiment: determination of the optimal modes of the electrohydropulse (EHP) method for intensifying the process of additional extraction of platinum group metals (PGM) and heavy non-ferrous metals from industrial solutions of refining production. As a result of the study, the necessary materials were selected to create the reactor and electrode systems, the volume of the laboratory reactor was determined. Trial launches of the installation were carried out, according to the results of which a pulse current generator (PCG) was configured. A series of tests was carried out, based on the results of which conclusions were drawn about the possibility of using this method to activate stock solutions.

The article considers questions of creation of an intelligent CAD (Computer-Aided Design) system to design APCS (Automated Process Control System) in the transport sector. The CAD system should represent a graphic 2D engine adapted for the solution of problems of design of APCS, surrounded with an information support cloud in the form of a set of relational databases of the engineering information necessary for effective and error-free work of the APCS designers. Programs of processing information that appears on drawings, schemes and tables of the APCS projects on the basis of the algorithms adopted in this subject domain should become an essential part of information support. A CAD system should be equipped with artificial intelligence programs for processing and sorting of external information and search of mistakes in the project.

Currently, a large number of flocculants differing in properties and composition and working differently in various conditions is manufactured. Drilling fluids are complex systems differing in component composition, thus, it is not possible to recommend a universal flocculant. The present study carries out the analysis with the use of two methods with the objective to assess reagents' flocculating ability. Having analyzed the results obtained, the following conclusions can be drawn: the reagents BENEX, BENTOPLUS and DRB-9 can be used to increase the clay solution viscosity provided that the additives BENTOPLUS and DRB-9 do not exceed the concentration of 0.2 kg/m³; in a concentration of up to 0.1 kg/m³ flocculant SPECFLOC A 7950-20 can be used to increase a clay solution viscosity, at a concentration of 0.2 and 0.3 kg/m³ the additive affects a drilling fluid mainly as a flocculant, thus, reducing the static shear stress of the solution and increasing filtrate flow. If dynamic shear stress is the only determining parameter in drilling with drilling fluid with SPECFLOC N6919 additive, then it can be recommended for being used. In all other cases additional research is required.

Mathematical models of a three-wheeled mobile robot based on the variable state apparatus and in the operator's form are presented. Based on these mathematical models, the synthesis of its adaptive control system is carried out according to the method of constructing Ziegler-Nichols PID controllers, as well as modal PID controllers. The design method of proportional controllers with double differentiation (PDD) of the autonomous robot is justified. The rules of wheel pair control are synthesized on the basis of reference models using a simple gradient scheme of the inverse problems method of dynamics in the formulation of P. D. Krutko for the problem of stabilizing (blanking) the angular velocities for a three-wheeled mobile robot. Simulink-models of robot movement are developed for cases with the use of PID-controllers which are adjusted by the Ziegler-Nichols method at synchronous deviation of wheels. Simulink-models of robot motion have been developed for cases using PID controllers set up according to the Ziegler-Nichols method for synchronous wheel deflection, modal and real PID controllers for differential wheel deflection, as well as double differentiation controllers. The analysis of modeling results is considered.

In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the development of new promising high-speed modes of the transport, especially, magnetic and vacuum pipelines. The linear induction motors will be used as traction machines in the early stages of the development of the magnetic-levitation and vacuum transport. The linear induction motors with compound-equalized magnetic flux for lines of the force, which, in addition to traction, can create lateral stabilization forces of high-speed carriages on a magnetic suspension, will be used in a magnetic vehicle in the nearest future. The effective and safe braking issues are of particular importance for high-speed magnetic-levitation transport. To reduce the speed and stop high-speed transport carriages on a magnetic suspension, the linear traction motors can operate as eddy current principle of the brakes. The article discusses the braking modes of a linear induction motor with a compound-equalized magnetic flux for lines based on the equivalent circuit of the machine. The analytical relationships are obtained for the calculation of the braking forces.

The paper is devoted to the experimental study of heat generation processes in various metallic materials under high-cycle loading with different values of asymmetry and amplitudes of cycles. Tests were performed on flat, smooth specimens subjected to cyclic stretching with increasing amplitude. Change in thermal radiation detected by an infrared detector, by the value of the thermal sensitivity of the device NETD was taken for the beginning of a metal sample self-heating. The stresses corresponding to the beginning of self-heating, are called critical. It has been established that Smith and Haigh diagrams of critical stresses of the onset of self-heating are similar to the same diagrams of ultimate fatigue stresses.

The technologies of formation of transportation documents and preliminary informing in the international traffic are the primary directions of improvement of information technologies of interstate transfer points both for the information systems of state control and regulation and for the information systems of the subjects of transportation services. In the railway transport system of the Russian Federation the model of formation of transportation documents and preliminary information has a number of distinctive features from the existing model of the world practice. The article analyzes and determines the possibility of development and interaction of information systems of state authorities, owners and consumers of transport services in a single information space, methods of their consolidation and integration into international transport corridors. Automation of technological operations on processing of transport documents and preliminary informing by creation and introduction of innovative developments in the field of management of process of technological interaction of participants of transport - providing services is considered. The automated system of processing of transportation documents for imported cargo with barcoding and the automated system of informing cargo owners about the approaching expiration date of the phytosanitary certificate are presented and proposed for use at the interstate junction points. The proposed information systems improve and optimize these technologies, accelerate trade turnover and ensure the implementation of projects for the development of a common information space in the segment of international traffic and the development of transport international relations in general. The systems have undergone states registration.

The possibility of the car dynamic performance improvement is studied through structural changes (modernization) of the passenger bogie. Based on the calculations of the natural oscillations of the car, the critical values were determined and rational values of the damper resistance coefficient were chosen for vertical and lateral vibrations. It was concluded that with the forced spatial fluctuations of a carriages on KCCW-CRI bogies the required damping value of the vertical oscillations should be twice as large as for the lateral ones; important factors in damping of the car oscillations are the central suspension dampers. The rational angle of installation of the hydraulic damper in the central suspension and the use of separate action in the central suspension of hydraulic dampers are justified. The proposed version of the modernization of the bogie can improve the smoothness indicators of the car by 25-30%.

The article demonstrates the use of relational interactive logic in solving the problem of monitoring the server equipment of the transport control system. An example of such a problem is the problem of analyzing log records of monitoring server hardware. The server is considered as a special case of the physical control system. The conditions for the correctness of the current state of the equipment are defined in the form of systems of logical equations and inequalities. Solving a system of logical equations by executing a SQL query on a set of tables describing the elementary control systems in the server allows us to judge the deviation of the hardware parameters of the equipment. Recording the correctness conditions in the form of systems of logical equations provides the ability to take into account both the peculiarities of the functioning of the server hardware and some external context within which the server operates. The considered solution demonstrates the applicability of relational interactive logic in solving the problem of controlling individual classes of control systems within the scope of the system analysis discipline.

The Digitalization of the power supply system and the introduction of sources of distributed generation based on renewable energy create new conditions for improving the efficiency of transport and distribution of electric energy. In normal operation, the 35/10 (6) kV distribution electric networks of railways have an open-ended structure and are partitioned in such a way as to be able to connect a group of substations to another power source in emergency or repair modes. Existing technologies for managing modes in these electrical networks do not imply the possibility of changing their topology to ensure the tasks of reducing overload and electricity losses in the pace of processes of change in demand for electricity in normal modes. As a rule, at present, the task of reconfiguring the electrical network arises when normal conditions are restored after accidents, when lines are overloaded, and if necessary, electrical equipment needs to be repaired according to the n-1 criterion, while optimizing the modes. The most important task of increasing the transmission capacity of distribution grids can be solved by reconfiguring them at the pace of changing the demand for electricity in normal conditions, without resorting to expensive reconstruction and increasing the installed capacity of electrical installations and lines. An algorithm for reconfiguring the electrical network has been developed to increase its capacity based on solving problems of optimizing normal modes (static reconfiguration) and minimizing power consumption without calculating steady-state modes in the pace of electricity demand changes (dynamic reconfiguration).To ensure the admissibility of the modes of distribution electric networks, approaches to managing the supply of active (based on renewable sources) and reactive capacities and the demand of active consumers have been proposed. There are the results of the implementation of dynamic reconfiguration for the test circuitry without taking into account the power supply and demand management of active consumers, indicating the validity of the proposed approaches to improving the capacity of the electrical network

The aim of the study is to reduce the losses of electrical energy in power transformers of AC traction substations. To reduce the losses of electrical energy, interval counterregulation of performance indicators in the traction power supply system is performed. The planning of the electrical energy losses is determined by the predictive time intervals. The electrical energy losses in the time interval are determined by the power losses of instantaneous circuits. Instantaneous circuits determine the voltage of the windings of transformers, the currents of the power supply arms of the electric traction network, the transformation ratios, the temperature of the windings and the power of regional loads. The predictive values of the instantaneous circuits are determined by the results of the monitoring of the completed train schedules, statistical analysis and simulation modeling of the operation of the traction substation. The initial data for the calculation are the predictive discrete values of the performance indicators of the traction power supply system. The calculation of power losses in steel in power transformers is performed taking into account voltage unbalance. Copper losses are determined in phases, taking into account the distribution of arm currents in the windings and the actual transformation ratios. Actual transformation ratios are determined based on the voltage control stage. The effect of winding temperature on power losses is taken into account by the temperature coefficient of resistance. The number of transformers in operation at the predictive time intervals is selected by the minimum loss of electrical energy. The accuracy of the choice of the number of transformers in operation is checked by analyzing the implementation of the forecast train schedule. The error of the initial data and simulation modeling is determined by comparing the predictive values and the monitoring results. It is proposed to carry out performance management of the traction power supply system on the basis of digital technologies.

The article discusses the problems of existing methods of computer-aided design for protecting confidential information of design enterprises of the tool manufacturing industry. The method is described on the basis of a modular, unified approach to security systems. A simulation model of information security threats was developed for the instrument design engineering bureau.

The article describes a method for coordinating the microwave path and verifying the microwave module of the DMVC. The method for coordinating and adjusting the microwave module helps measure and evaluate characteristics of the device to confirm compliance with the DMVC requirements.

The article studies forced test models for determining reliability of on-board electronic equipment due to the combined effects of broadband random vibration and cyclical changes in temperature. The model of multivariate equivalent cyclic tests based on HALT (High accelerated life / limited test) procedures is described.

The development of constructive recommendations aimed at increasing the service life of roller bearings of axle boxes of railway cars is described. The elastic volumetric stress-strain state of the bearing elements of the bearings under consideration is analyzed. Numerical analysis of the corresponding mathematical models was carried out using the finite element method in the NX NASTRAN software environment. It is shown that near the edge of the roller with chamfer-rounding, a stress concentration arises, caused by insufficient smoothness of the contour line of the axial section of the roller. It is noted that this concentration is caused by the fact that the line of the contour under consideration has a finite specified curvature in the section corresponding to the chamfer and almost zero curvature in the adjacent straight section corresponding to the cylindrical surface of the roller. It is shown that the use of smoother contour lines for the marginal zone of a roller more than doubles the maximum value of the stress intensity in the boundary zone under consideration and accordingly increases the cyclic life of the bearing. The proposed smoothing of the line of the considered circuit allows one not only to unload the edge of the roller but also to reduce the contact pressure in its middle part. At the same time the stress-strain state of the roller becomes more uniform by increasing the smoothness of the contour line in the area of the roller's edge and simultaneously reducing the degree of bombing (barrel-shaped) its cylindrical surface.

The paper discusses the method of assessment and analysis of functional risks within the infrastructure of the railway transport network. The basis of the method is laid down in [1-4], but the risk assessment subsystem was not described due to poor repair. This paper will try to fill this gap. A general diagram of traffic safety risks by factors was developed. The method of transforming the probability function of repair rules violation into the probability of traffic safety violation due to some repair is proposed. For this purpose, the problem of minimizing the disparity in non-linear equations determining scaled factors of traffic safety violation (TSV) due to re-pair is solved. The calculation results at the level of linear enterprise are presented.

Handling of high-weight trains, double trains, packet traffic schedule, recuperation on electric locomotives often leads to false protection relays, downtime of trains and increased wear of power switching and protective equipment of traction substations. The paper proposes methods to improve the selectivity of microprocessor relay protection of feeders of AC traction substations contact network by increasing the accuracy of extraction of the first current and voltage harmonic based on phase locked circuits, integration of learning subroutines by fixing the electric parameters and creating the sets of dynamic setpoints in accordance with the current train situation and adaptive parametric identification of dynamic assessment of current electric parameters of the traction network. It also analyzes structural diagrams of hardware and software of the proposed microprocessor protection system of contact network feeders.