Table of contents

Proceedings of BEACH 2018

XIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BEAUTY, CHARM AND HYPERON HADRONS

17 - 23 June 2018, Peniche, Portugal

Main Editor

Paula Bordalo – IST/Universidade de Lisboa and LIP Lisbon

Editors

Fernando Barão – IST/Universidade de Lisboa and LIP Lisbon

Pedro Bicudo – IST/Universidade de Lisboa and CeFEMA

Marco Bozzo – INFN Genova

Patrizia Cenci – INFN Perugia

Celso Franco – LIP Lisbon

Ricardo Gonçcalo – LIP Lisbon and FCUL/Univ. de Lisboa

Cristina Lazzeroni – University of Birmingham

Nuno Leonardo – LIP Lisbon and IST/Univ. de Lisboa

Janis McKenna – University of British Columbia

Sérgio Ramos – IST/Universidade de Lisboa and LIP Lisbon

Philip Rubin – George Mason University

João Seixas – IST/Universidade de Lisboa and LIP Lisbon

Nick Solomey – Wichita State University

PREFACE

This is the 13^th conference on Beauty, Charm and Hyperon hadrons since the start back in 1995 at Strasbourg. This edition of the series has taken place in the warm and welcoming sea-side of Peniche, Portugal. It was quite a challenge to keep us focused on the scientific agenda given the beauty and excursions associated with the conference surroundings and the graciousness of our local Portuguese hosts who arranged many wonderful activities. The advisory committee would like to take this opportunity to thank the local organizing committee for all its eort, preparations and care they took to make this a very successful conference. We especially thank Paula Bordalo, the Chairperson of this year's conference for her vision for this edition of the conference and the many well thought out events and their breathtaking venues.

About 90 participants from 21 countries representing more than 30 experiments in particle physics participated. The opening talk by Stan Brodsky of SLAC set the reference frame for the discussions which we greatly thank him for performing. The scientific program itself was broad and comprehensive of the recent developments in the field. Intense discussions took place following talks and during the breaks or evenings, fulfilling the vision of Alfred (Fredy) Fridman, our conference founder, which was to bring new upcoming researchers mixed with well established scientists in a conference with only plenary sessions mixing both theory and experimental scientists. This truly does produce an atmosphere of good will and advancement through discussions.

The Conference has been possible thanks to generous support of many institutes: Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas (LIP), Câmara Municipal de Peniche, Associação de Física de Interacções Fortes (AFIF Portugal), and Institut Français au Portugal. We would also like to thank the most important part of this conference, the many attendees for their care to present the highest quality material with the latest results; without this the goals, as set forth when the conference was founded, would not have been met. So, to all of them we acknowledge their heroic effort to maintain this great high standard. We wish everyone well in their future endeavors and hope to see many of you back in future editions of the conference.

Nick Solomey, Wichita State University

Chair of the Conference Advisory Committee

List of Committees are available in this PDF.

List of Abstracts are available in this PDF.

List of Participants are available in this PDF.

List of conference photos are available in this PDF.

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

The NA62 experiment at CERN is designed to measure the branching ratio of the ${K}^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}\upsilon \bar{\upsilon }$ decay with unprecedented precision using a decay-in-flight technique, novel for this process. The experiment took data in 2016, 2017 and 2018. Standard model sensitivity is reached using the 2016 data set, allowing a proof-of-principle of the experimental technique.

Motivated by the future prospects of the NA62 and KOTO experiments, which aim to measure the rare kaon decays ${K}^{+}\to {\pi }^{+}\upsilon \bar{\upsilon }$ and ${K}_{L}\to {\pi }^{0}\upsilon \bar{\upsilon }$, respectively, we discuss the present uncertainties of the Standard Model theory prediction. We also examine which calculations could further improve the theoretical accuracy of the charged and neutral decay modes.

Based on 567 pb⁻¹ data taken at the center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}=4.599\,{\rm{GeV}}$ with BESIII detector, we report the following results: (a) improved measurements of the relative branching fractions (BFs) for the singly Cabbibo-suppressed decays of ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to p{K}^{+}{K}^{-}$ and ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to p{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$, (b) the first evidence for the ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to p\eta$ is found with 4.2σ, (c) the most precise upper limit for ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to p{\pi }^{0}$, the absolute BFs of the two neutron decay modes ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to \displaystyle {\Sigma }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{+}$ and ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to \displaystyle {\Sigma }^{-}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{0}$ are measured with better precision, (d) the measurement of the absolute BFs for the two W-exchange only decays ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to {\Xi }^{0}{K}^{+}$ and ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to \Xi {(1530)}^{0}{K}^{+}$, (e) the significant improved measurement of the absolute BF of the inclusive decay ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}\to \Lambda +X$, (f) the cross section of ${e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Lambda }_{c}^{+}{\bar{\Lambda }}_{c}^{-}$ process is measured with unprecedented precision using the data at $\sqrt{s}=4.575$, 4.580, 4.590 and 4.599 GeV.

The spectroscopy of excited hadronic states in the beauty sector, double heavy hadrons and quarkonia provides a rich proofing ground for effective theories of the strong interaction. The decays of these states also provide a source of exotic hadrons, especially in the charmonium mass region. The unique data samples collected during Run I and II of the LHC open new possibilities for precision studies of these states. Recent results from LHCb on heavy hadron spectroscopy, including exotic mesons and baryons are presented.

We present a precise lattice computation of masses and decay constants of pseudoscalar and vector heavy-light mesons with m_ℓ = m_u/d, m_s and m_h in the range (m_c, ∼ 3m_c). We employ the ETMC gauge configurations with both N_f = 2 and N_f = 2 + 1 + 1 dynamical quarks and the ETMC ratio method to reach the b-quark mass. In the case of the vector decay constants an unusual quenching effect of the strange quark is observed. Specific masses combinations are then analyzed in terms of the Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE) to extract matrix elements up to dimension-6, including $\bar{\Lambda }$, and ${\mu }_{\pi }^{2}$ and ${\mu }_{G}^{2}$ with a good precision. These parameters play a crucial role in the inclusive determination of the V_ub and V_cb matrix elements.

Besides its b and c quark physics programme, due to the experiment's unique geometry, LHCb also provides a suitable enviroment for QCD and central exclusive production measurements in a unique forward pseudorapidity range. The latest results on inelastic cross-section for proton-proton collisions and the central exclusive production of J/ψ and ψ(2S) vector mesons, both at $\sqrt{s}=13{\rm{TeV}}$ at LHCb are presented.

Exclusive dilepton production occurs with high cross section in gamma-mediated processes at the LHC. The pure QED process γγ → ℓ⁺ℓ⁻ provides the conditions to study particle production with masses at the electroweak scale. By tagging the leading proton from the hard interaction, the Precision Proton Spectrometer (PPS) provides an increased sensitivity to selecting exclusive processes. PPS is a detector system to add tracking and timing information at approximately 210 m from the interaction point around the CMS detector. It is designed to operate at high luminosity with up to 50 interactions per 25 ns bunch crossing to perform measurements of e.g. the quartic gauge couplings and search for rare exclusive processes. Since 2016, PPS has been taking data in normal high-luminosity proton-proton LHC collisions. Exclusive dilepton production with proton tagging, the first results obtained with PPS, and the status of the ongoing program are discussed.

The anomalous magnetic momentum of the muon, a_µ = (g−2), has been considered as one of the variables with which to test the completeness of the Standard Model. It has been precisely measured experimentally and calculated theoretically, but there is a 3 to 4 standard deviations between measurement and calculation. The dominant contribution to the uncertainty in the theoretical calculation comes from the hadronic part, including hadronic vacuum polarization and hadronic light-by-light scattering. The two-photon fusion process at electron-positron colliders can be used to measure the space-like transition form factors, which will served as an input or constraint to the calculation of the hadronic light-by-light contribution to a_µ. Studies of the form factors using two-photon processes for π⁰, η and η', as well as the cross-section of γγ* → π⁺π⁻ are presented.

In 2003 and 2004, the NA48/2 experiment collected an unprecedented statistics of charged kaon decays to measure the CP violation in three pions. An additional extensive physics program has been carried out. In particular, it was possible to verify the predictions of low energy QCD in several processes, with high precision. In this paper we present the precise measurement of the charged kaon semileptonic form factors (FF) and the first observation of the K⁺ → π⁺π⁰e⁺e⁻ decay. The semileptonic FF are measured on the sample collected in 2004 in a dedicated minimum bias run, to overcome the limitation imposed by the 3 pions triggers, while the first observation of the K⁺ → π⁺π⁰e⁺e⁻ decay is based on the full sample of data collected in two years.

The BESIII collaboration here reports the first observation of polarized Λ and ${\bar{\Lambda }}$ hyperons produced in two different processes: i) the resonant ${e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to \psi \to \Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$, using a data sample of 1.31 × 10⁹J/ψ events and ii) the non-resonant ${e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {{\rm{\gamma }}}^{\ast }\to \Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$, using a 66.9 pb⁻¹ data sample collected at $\sqrt{s}=2.396\,{\rm{GeV}}$. In ${e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to \psi \to \Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$, the phase between the electric and the magnetic amplitude is measured for the first time to be 42.3° ± 0.6° ± 0.5°. The multi-dimensional analysis enables a model-independent measurement of the decay parameters for $\Lambda \to p{\pi }^{-}({\alpha }_{-}),{\rm{}}\bar{\Lambda }\to \bar{p}{\pi }^{+}({\alpha }_{+})$ and $\bar{\Lambda }\to \bar{n}{\pi }^{0}({\bar{\alpha }}_{0})$. The obtained value α₋ = 0.750 ± 0.009 ± 0.004 differs with 5σ from the PDG value. This value, together with the measurement α₊ = −0.758 ± 0.010 ± 0.007 allow for the most precise test of CP violation in decays so far: A_CP = ( α₋ + α₊)/(α₋ − α₊) of −0.006 ± 0.012 ± 0.007. The decay asymmetry ${\bar{\alpha }}_{0}=-0.692\pm 0.016\pm 0.006$ is measured for the first time. The ${e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to \Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$ reaction at $\sqrt{s}=2.396\,{\rm{GeV}}$ enables a first complete measurement of the time-like electric and magnetic form factor of any baryon, of the modulus of the ratio R = |G_E/G_M| and of the relative phase ΔΦ = Φ_E − Φ_M. With the decay asymmetry parameters from the J/ψ data, the obtained values are R = 0.96 ± 0.14 ± 0.02 and ΔΦ = 37° ± 12° ± 6°. In addition, the cross section has been measured with unprecedented precision to be σ = 119.0 ± 5.3 ± 5.1 pb, which corresponds to an effective form factor of |G| = 0.123 ± 0.003 ± 0.003.

Using e⁺e⁻ annihilation data taken at the CESR collider with the CLEO-c detector, measurements of hyperon pair production cross sections and elastic and transition electromagnetic form factors have been made at the charmonium resonances: ψ(2S), $\sqrt{s}=3.69\,{\rm{GeV}}$, |Q²| = 13.6 GeV², = 48 pb⁻¹; ψ(3770), $\sqrt{s}=3.77\,{\rm{GeV}}$, |Q²| = 14.2 GeV², = 805 pb⁻¹; and ψ(4170), $\sqrt{s}=4.17\,{\rm{GeV}}$, |Q²| = 17.4 GeV², = 586 pb⁻¹. Results with good statistical precision are obtained with high efficiency particle identification. Systematics of pair production cross sections, and form factors with respect to the number of strange quarks in the hyperons are studied, and evidence is presented for effects of diquark correlations in comparative results for Λ⁰ and Σ⁰, both of which have the same uds quark content but different isospin.

The LHC represents the current energy frontier in collider experiments. Its most notable result so far was the experimental discovery of the Higgs boson, by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. It is also very well suited to explore the physics of the top quark, the heaviest known elementary particle, with a Yukawa coupling of order 1. The data collected by these experiments during the LHC Run II allowed the measurement of top and Higgs experimental results, which provide very stringent tests of the Standard Model expectations near the electroweak scale, and therefore likely windows into new physics. The present article discusses the most recent experimental highlights in this area.

Searches for SM Higgs and Z bosons decaying to a J/ψ and a photon, with subsequent decay of the J/ψ to µ⁺µ⁻ and the Z boson rare decay to a ψ meson and two oppositely charged same-flavour leptons, ℓ⁺ℓ⁻, where ψ represents contributions from direct J/ψ and ψ(2S) → J/ψ X, and ℓ = µ, e are presented. The analyses are performed using data recorded by the CMS detector from proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb⁻¹. The observed (expected) upper limit on the branching fraction for H → J/ψγ with m_H = 125 GeV is 7.6(5.2) × 10⁻⁴, 260 (170) times larger than the standard model prediction, at 95% confidence level. The observed (expected) upper limit on the Z → J/ψγ branching fraction is 1.4(1.6)×10⁻⁶, 15 (18) times larger than the standard model prediction, at 95% confidence level. The signal of the Z boson rare decay to a ψ meson and two oppositely charged same-flavour leptons, ℓ⁺ℓ⁻, is observed with a significance in excess of 5 standard deviations. After removing the contributions from ψ(2S) decays to J/ψ, the ratio of the branching fraction of the Z → J/ψℓ⁺ℓ⁻, to the decay Z → µ⁺µ⁻µ⁺µ⁻ within a fiducial phase space is measured to be

In this paper, the top quark flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) interaction is studied through the process of the three-top quark production at the LHC for center-of-mass energy of 14 TeV. We also investigate the anomalous top quark chromoelectric and chromomagnetic dipole moments through the four top-quarks production signal at the center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. We demonstrate that these processes are powerful tools to constrain the top quark FCNC couplings as well as the top dipole moments.

The study of mesons and baryons which contain at least one charm quark is referred to as open charm physics. It offers the possibility to study up-type quark transitions. Since the quark can not be treated in any mass limit, theoretical predictions are difficult and experimental input is crucial. BESIII collected large data samples of e⁺e⁻ collisions at several charm thresholds. The at-threshold decay topology offers special opportunities to study open charm decays.

We present a selection of recent BESIII results: The measurement of the branching fraction ${{\rm{D}}}_{{\rm{s}}}^{+}\to {\rm{p}}{\bar{\rm{n}}}$, the form factor of neutral D decays to K⁻µ⁺ν_µ as well as the search for rare decays D → h(h')e⁺e⁻. Recent results on ${\Lambda }_{{\rm{c}}}^{+}$ decays are presented in [1].

At the CERN SPS, the DsTau project has been proposed to study tau-neutrino production aiming at providing important information for future ν_τ measurements. Precise measurement of the ν_τ cross section would enable a search for new physics effects in ν_τ charged current interactions. It also has practical implications for neutrino oscillation experiments. The dominant source of ν_τ is the sequential decay of D_s mesons produced by proton interactions, whose uncertainty dominates current uncertainty in the ν_τ cross section measurement. The project aims at reducing the systematic uncertainty from about 50% to 10% by measuring the D_s differential production cross section. For this purpose, emulsion detectors with a nanometre-precision readout will be used to detect small kinks of the D_s → τ decay. An emulsion detector has a position resolution of 50 nm, allowing for the detection of D_s → τ → X double kinks in a few millimeter range.

Several measurements have shown deviations from lepton universality in tree-level semi-leptonic decays of b hadrons. In these proceedings three LHCb measurements of lepton universality in such decays are presented along with a brief overview for the future possibilities of these and similar observables.

A program of measuring exclusive e⁺e⁻ to light hadrons processes is in place at BABAR with the aim to improve the calculation of the hadronic contribution to the muon g–2. We present the most recent results obtained with the full data set of about 470 fb⁻¹ collected by the BABAR experiment. In particular, we report the result on the channel e⁺e⁻ → π⁺π⁻π⁰π⁰, which gives the main uncertainty on the total cross section in the energy region between 1 and 2 GeV. We have also completed the studies of the final states with two neutral or charged kaons.

Exotic charmonium-like states have been observed by various experiments over the last 15 years, but their nature is still under discussion. Photo-(muo)production is a new promising instrument to study them. COMPASS, a fixed target experiment at CERN, analyzed the full set of the data collected with a muon beam between 2002 and 2011, covering the range from 7 GeV to 19 GeV in the centre-of-mass energy of the virtual photon-nucleon system. A signal in the mass spectrum of J/ψπ⁺π⁻ with the statistical significance of 4.1 σ was observed in the reaction µ⁺N → µ⁺(J/ψπ⁺π⁻)π^±N'. Its mass and width are consistent with those of the X(3872). The shape of the π⁺π⁻ mass distribution from the observed decay into J/ψπ⁺π⁻is different from previous observations for X(3872). The observed signal may be interpreted as possible evidence of a new charmonium state $\tilde{X}$(3872). It could be associated with a neutral partner of X(3872) with C = −1 predicted by a tetraquark model.

The BESIII experiment, located at the symmetric electron positron collider BEPCII in Beijing, is successfully operating since 2008 and has collected large data samples at center-of-mass energies in particular above 4 GeV in the past few years. The analysis of these samples has resulted in a number of surprising discoveries with respect to the "XY Z states". In this talk, we highlight recent results of the hadron spectroscopy program, with a focus on new results in the XY Z energy region.

New enhancements in the charmonium and bottomonium spectra observed since 2003 are very briefly reviewed. Special attention is paid to χ_c1(3872) (formerly X(3872)) owing to its remarkable proximity to the ${\bar{D}}^{\star 0}{D}^{0}$ threshold, which allows modelling as a quasibound axial-vector $c\bar{c}$ state with a large ${\bar{D}}^{\star 0}{D}^{0}$ admixture. In contrast, the interpretation of many other charmonium-like and bottomonium-like states is still very controversial and some may not even correspond to genuine resonances. Accordingly, several entries in the PDG tables have been wildly changing over the years. Three representative states are reviewed here as non-resonant enhancements due to threshold effects, viz. ψ(4260), ψ(4660), and ϒ(10580).

Searches for heavy neutral leptons in charged kaon decays have been performed under different conditions by the NA62 and NA48/2 experiments at the CERN SPS. This paper describes the most recent results set by those experiments compared to previous measurements.

The LHCb experiment has collected the world's largest sample of charmed hadrons. This sample is used to measure ${D}^{0}-{\bar{D}}^{0}$ mixing and to search for direct and indirect CP violation, and its sensitivity is now approaching the Standard Model expectations. In this document, the most recent LHCb results on CP violation in charm sector and on charm mixing are reported.

${B}_{({\rm{s}})}^{0}$ meson decays to states containing a charmonium meson are theoretically clean modes to measure the weak mixing phases ϕ_d and ϕ_s, one of the key goals of the LHCb experiment. The current status of measurements of these observables performed by the LHCb collaboration is presented. The future perspectives, as well as the expected precision that will be achieved from LHCb, are also discussed.

The concept of lepton flavour universality (LFU), according to which the three lepton families are equivalent except for their masses, is a cornerstone prediction of the Standard Model (SM). LFU can be violated in models beyond the SM by new physics particles that couple preferentially to certain generations of leptons. In the last few years, hints of LFU violation have been observed in both tree-level b → cℓν and loop-level b → sℓℓ transitions. These measurements, combined with the tensions observed in angular observables and branching fractions of rare semileptonic b decays, point to a coherent pattern of anomalies that could soon turn into the first observation of physics beyond the SM. These proceedings review the anomalies seen by collider experiments, and give an outlook for the near future.

Several different experiments show evidences of Lepton Flavour Universality violation in semi-leptonic B meson decays, both in charged and neutral currents. These anomalies can be interpreted in terms of new short-distance interactions that involve mainly the third generation of fermions. I will first discuss the present status of the anomalies, and their connection to other low- and high-energy observables, in a model-independent way, adopting an Effective Field Theory approach based on a CKM-like flavour structure. I will then extend the analysis to a few simple UV completions with different types of mediator, discussing the main issues that have to be faced in each case. A few models emerge, which look capable of accommodating both charged- and neutral-current anomalies consistently with all the experimental bounds, with associated flavour and high-p_T signatures within the reach of present and future experiments.

QCD is not supersymmetrical in the traditional sense – the QCD Lagrangian is based on quark and gluonic fields – not squarks or gluinos. However, its hadronic eigensolutions conform to a representation of superconformal algebra, reflecting the underlying conformal symmetry of chiral QCD and its Pauli matrix representation. The eigensolutions of superconformal algebra provide a unified Regge spectroscopy of meson, baryon, and tetraquarks of the same parity and twist as equal-mass members of the same 4-plet representation with a universal Regge slope. The pion $q\bar{q}$ eigenstate has zero mass for m_q = 0. The superconformal relations also can be extended to heavy-light quark mesons and baryons. The combined approach of light-front holography and superconformal algebra also provides insight into the origin of the QCD mass scale and color confinement. A key tool is the remarkable dAFF principle which shows how a mass scale can appear in the Hamiltonian and the equations of motion while retaining the conformal symmetry of the action. When one applies the dAFF procedure to chiral QCD, a mass scale ӄ appears which determines universal Regge slopes, hadron masses in the absence of the Higgs coupling. The predictions from light-front holography and superconformal algebra can also be extended to mesons, baryons, and tetraquarks with strange, charm and bottom quarks. Although conformal symmetry is strongly broken by the heavy quark mass, the basic underlying supersymmetric mechanism, which transforms mesons to baryons (and baryons to tetraquarks), still holds and gives remarkable mass degeneracy across the entire spectrum of light, heavy-light and double-heavy hadrons. One also predicts the form of the nonperturbative QCD running coupling: α_s(Q²) ∝ e^−Q2/4ӄ2, in agreement with the effective charge determined from measurements of the Bjorken sum rule. One also obtains viable predictions for spacelike and timelike hadronic form factors, structure functions, distribution amplitudes, and transverse momentum distributions.

The MEG experiment, phase I, has recently established the best experimental upper limit on the branching ratio of the µ → eγ decay of 4.2 × 10⁻¹³ (90% Confidence Level). According to the standard model (SM) of particle physics, such a decay should definitely be non observable while several model of new physics (NP) beyond the SM (BSM) predict it should happen at an experimentally detectable rate. In this talk I summarize the theoretical motivations for searching for this decay and I present the status of the second phase of the experiment, MEG II, which will be able to increase the sensitivity to the µ → eγ decay by about one order of magnitude in few years of data taking.

The LHCb experiment is able to measure the production properties of heavy hadrons in a phase-space region that is complementary with respect to those of the ATLAS and CMS experiments. These measurements provide valuable information that allows to better understand quantum chromodynamics and to discriminate among several theoretical models. The measurement of the production cross-section of Υ(1S), Υ(2S) and Υ(3S) mesons at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is presented, along with the determination of the production cross-section of B⁺ mesons at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and 13 TeV. Finally, the measurement of the ${D}_{s}^{+}$ production asymmetry at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV is also presented.

A wide range of studies of quarkonium production and spectroscopy are performed by the CMS experiment. The quarkonium system is interesting and can be used mainly to probe the underlying Quantum Cromo Dynamics (QCD) processes but also to tune MC generators at new energies, since heavy flavour (HF) states are background to many searches, and can be used to obtain calibration and understanding of the detectors. Events are selected from muon pairs, and the final state includes hadrons and photons. The identification of secondary vertices allows for the separation of prompt (P) and non prompt (NP) production.

In the conference talk I presented the many recent results obtained with 13 TeV data at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) but in this paper I focus on the most recent result: the first observation of resolved χ_b1(3P) and χ_b2(3P) states and their mass splitting measurement through the decay channel χ_b(3P) → Υ(3S)γ.

Precise measurements of production and properties of hadrons containing a b quark, performed using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, are reported. These are important to investigate underlying mechanisms in QCD describing heavy quarks. The dependencies on transverse momentum and rapidity are investigated. Comparisons with theory expectations and among different collision energies are provided.

This work presents the latest results on open heavy-flavour production in proton–proton, proton–lead, lead–lead and xenon–xenon collisions from the ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb Collaborations at the LHC.

A rich set of open heavy flavour states is observed by LHCb in pPb collisions data collected at 5 and 8.16 TeV nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy. Results include new measurements of production of beauty hadrons in pA collisions through cleanly reconstructed exclusive decays. Open charm states, including the ${\Lambda }_{c}^{+}$ baryon, were also observed in pA collisions for the first time by LHCb.

Spin correlations for the ΛΛ and $\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$ pairs, generated in relativistic heavy-ion collisions, and related angular correlations at the joint registration of space-parity nonconserving hadronic decays of two hyperons are theoretically analyzed. The correlation tensor components can be derived from the double angular distribution of products of two decays by the method of "moments". The properties of the "trace" of the correlation tensor (a sum of three diagonal components), determining the angular correlations as well as the relative fractions of the triplet and singlet states of respective pairs, are discussed. In the present report, spin correlations for two identical (ΛΛ) and two non-identical ($\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$) particles are generally considered within the conventional model of one-particle sources, implying that correlations vanish at sufficiently large relative momenta. However, under these conditions (especially at ultrarelativistic energies), for two non-identical particles ($\Lambda \bar{\Lambda }$) the two-particle annihilation sources – quark-antiquark and two-gluon ones – start playing a noticeable role and lead to the difference of the correlation tensor from zero. In particular, such a situation may arise, when the system passes through the "mixed phase" and – due to the multiple production of free quarks and gluons in the process of deconfinement of hadronic matter – the number of two-particle sources strongly increases.

In this article the Belle II experiment will be described and its status and physics prospects will be presented. Belle II is situated in Japan, at the KEK laboratory and it is the upgraded version of the Belle experiment. It uses a new collider named SuperKEKB, a new generation of B-factory based on the innovative Nano-Beam scheme technique, which is expected to collect an integrated luminosity of 50 ab⁻¹. Using this amount of data, together with improved detector performances, it will be possible to provide important contributions about several flavour physics topics (i.e. UT angles, CKM matrix elements, FCNC processes, LFV studies, etc.) through high precision measurements. The main aim is to investigate new physics scenarios and validate highly suppressed SM predictions. The experiment is almost completely assembled; it already took the first data without the vertex detector installed while the data taking will start in February 2019.

Fixed target experiments are a particularly useful tool in the search of very weakly coupled particles in the MeV-GeV range, which are of interest as potential dark matter mediators. Owing to the high beam energy and a hermetic detector coverage, NA62 also has the opportunity to directly search for a variety of long-lived beyond the Standard Model particles, such as axion-like particles and dark photons. Furthermore, the large sample of K⁺ decays available at NA62 allows a rich program for rare and forbidden decay studies. In this paper the status of these searches is reviewed, giving prospects for future data taking at NA62.

The investigations of light kaonic atoms offer the unique opportunity to perform experiments equivalent to scattering at vanishing relative energies, being their atomic binding energies in the keV range. This allows the determination of the hadron-nucleus interaction at threshold without the need of an extrapolation to zero relative energy. The energy shift and broadening of the lowest-lying states of such atoms, induced by the kaon-nucleus strong interaction, can be determined with high precision from atomic X-ray spectroscopy. The lightest atomic systems, kaonic hydrogen and kaonic deuterium, deliver the isospin-dependent kaon-nucleon scattering lengths. The most precise kaonic hydrogen measurement to date, together with an exploratory measurement of kaonic deuterium, were carried out by the SIDDHARTA collaboration at the DAΦNE electron-positron collider of LNF-INFN. The measurement of kaonic deuterium will be realized in the near future by SIDDHARTA-2, a major upgrade of SIDDHARTA. A correlated study of the kaon-nuclei interaction at momenta below 130 MeV/c is carried out by the AMADEUS collaboration, using the KLOE detector and dedicated targets inserted near the collider interaction point. In this paper an overview of the main results obtained by SIDDHARTA together with the future plans, the SIDDHARTA-2 experiment and with the preliminary results of the study of charged antikaons interacting with nuclei by the AMADEUS collaboration, are shown.

We outline the most important results regarding the stability of doubly heavy tetraquarks $QQ\bar{q}\bar{q}$ with an adequate treatment of the four-body dynamics. We consider both color-mixing and spin-dependent effects. Our results are straightforwardly applied to the case of all-heavy tetraquarks $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$. We conclude that the stability is favored in the limit M_Q/m_q ≫ 1 pointing to the stability of the $bb\bar{u}\bar{d}$ state and the instability of all-heavy tetraquarks.

We study tetraquark resonances with lattice QCD potentials computed for two static quarks and two dynamical quarks, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation and the emergent wave method of scattering theory. We compute the phase shifts and search for S and T matrix poles in the second Riemann sheet. We predict a new tetraquark resonance for l = 1, decaying into two B mesons, with quantum numbers I(J^P) = 0(1⁻), mass $m={10576}_{-4}^{+4}\,{\rm{MeV}}$ and decay width $\Gamma ={112}_{-103}^{+90}{\rm{MeV}}$.

A meson-baryon interaction in the charm +1, strangeness −2 and isospin 0 sector is built from a t-channel vector meson exchange model employing effective Lagrangians. The implementation of coupled-channel unitarization in the s-wave scattering amplitudes gives rise to two structures that have similar masses and widths to those of the Ω_c(3050)⁰ and Ω_c(3090)⁰ states recently observed by the LHCb collaboration. A meson-baryon molecular interpretation of these resonances would assign their spin-parity to be J^P = 1/2⁻.

Recent anomalies observed in astrophysical and terrestrial dark matter search experiments have motivated the proposal of a "dark sector" with GeV-scale gauge boson force carriers and new Higgs bosons. These dark sector bosons would mediate interactions between the dark sector and the Standard Model.

Using the BABAR detector at the PEP-II e⁺e⁻collider, we have conducted a broad program to search for direct evidence of dark matter via the dark sector. We present four searches for new dark sector particles and find no evidence for dark particles. We set stringent limits on dark sector particle production and coupling strengths. In particular, our limits in each of these four dark sector models essentially exclude values of the dark photon coupling suggested by the dark photon/dark sector interpretation the muon g_µ − 2 anomaly.

The Mu2e experiment at Fermilab will search for new phenomena by measuring the rate of muon to electron conversion in the field of a nucleus, μN → eN. Data collection will begin in 2021 and will continue for three years. The experiment will achieve a single-event sensitivity of 3 × 10⁻¹⁷ with < 0.5 background events. This equates to an experimental limit on the conversion rate of 8 × 10⁻¹⁷ at the 90%CL, which is a four-order-of-magnitude improvement over existing limits. A pulsed proton beam will be provided by the Fermilab booster, and a three-part solenoid will be used to produce, transport, and stop a muon beam on an Al target, whereafter the muons may interact and undergo conversion. The sensitivity requires that 10¹⁸ muons be stopped, which calls for the most intense muon beam ever made. The background requirement sets a strong constraint on the momentum resolution, which translates into stringent demands on detector performance. The major detectors consist of a precision, ultra low-mass straw-tube tracker, used for momentum reconstruction; a crystal calorimeter for enhanced PID; and an encasing multi-layer set of scintillation counters to veto false signals otherwise generated by cosmic muons.

Among the theoretical models addressing the dark matter problem, the category based on a secluded sector is attracting increasing interest. The PADME experiment, at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati of INFN, is designed to be sensitive to the production of a low mass gauge boson A' of a new U(1) symmetry holding for dark sector particles and weakly coupled to the Standard Model photon. The DAΦNE Beam-Test Facility at LNF will provide a high intensity, mono-energetic positron beam impinging on a low Z target. The PADME detector will measure with high precision the momentum of the photon, produced along with the A' boson in e⁺e⁻ → A'+γ annihilation in the target, thus allowing to measure the A' mass as the missing mass in the final state. This technique, particularly useful in case of invisible decays of the A' boson, will be exploited for the first time in a fixed target experiment. Simulation studies predict a sensitivity on the interaction strength (² parameter) down to 10⁻6, in the mass region 1 MeV < M_A' < 23.7 MeV. In this work the physics potential, the experimental strategy and the status of readiness of the experiment will be reviewed.

The KLOE-2 experiment at the INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF) completed its data-taking at the e⁺e⁻ DAΦNE collider, which is implementing an innovative collision scheme based on a crab-waist configuration, and achieving the integrated luminosity goal of more than 5 fb⁻¹. KLOE-2 represents the continuation of KLOE with an upgraded detector and an extended physics program which includes neutral kaon interferometry and test of discrete symmetries among the main topics. Entangled neutral kaon pairs produced at DAΦNE are a unique tool to test discrete symmetries and quantum coherence at the utmost sensitivity, in particular strongly motivating the experimental searches of possible CPT violating effects, which would constitute an unambiguous signal of a New Physics framework. The status of the latest ongoing analyses on KLOE/KLOE-2 data using the most refined analyses tools will be presented and discussed: (i) search for CP violating K_S→3π⁰ decay, (ii) measurement of the K_S semileptonic charge asymmetry and tests of CP and CPT symmetry, (iii) test of Time reversal and CPT in transitions in ϕ→K_SK_L→πν, 3π⁰, (2π) decays.

We expose the current experimental and theoretical situation of the interesting case of the production of ϕ mesons in up to very high energy collisions of hadrons on both nucleon and nuclear targets.

The observed quarkonia states in heavy ion collisions provide a powerful tool to probe the dynamics of the Quark Gluon Plasma. Measurements performed on the ground and excited quarkonia states, as well as their separation into prompt and non-prompt components, reveal the effects of colour screening and colour recombination. In addition, quarkonium production rates and their excited to ground state production ratios in lighter p+Pb collisions are an interesting probe of cold nuclear matter effects. In these proceedings, the latest results of the ATLAS experiment at the LHC on these observables will be presented.

Production of heavy flavored hadrons from fragmentation of heavy quarks represents an alternative probe for a medium created after heavy ion collisions. We demonstrate that observed strong suppression of heavy flavored D and B mesons, produced with high transverse momenta p_T, is caused by final state interactions with such a medium. The space-time pattern of hadronization of a highly virtual heavy quark is controlled predominantly by intensive gluon radiation, which is ceased at a short time scale in accordance with perturbative QCD calculations and LEP measurements of the fragmentation functions. However, production of heavy flavored hadrons lasts a long time due to prompt multiple breakups of produced colorless (pre)hadrons in the medium. This fact together with the specific shape of heavy quark fragmentation function, peaked at large z, allows to explain the observed strong suppression of D and B mesons in a good accord with data.

The strong interactions programme of the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS has been extended through the use of new silicon Vertex Detector, which allows for reconstructing open charm particles. The detector was designed to identify those particles by means of a precise reconstruction of their primary and secondary vertices.

An initial version of the Vertex Detector, called SAVD (Small Acceptance Vertex Detector), was installed end of 2016. It was operated in a Pb+Pb calibration beam time in 2016, and with Xe+La in 2017. A further Pb+Pb beam time is scheduled for late 2018. The first indications of a D⁰ peak were observed in the data obtained from the 2016 Pb+Pb run.

This work introduces the physics motivation behind the open charm measurements, and the status of the analysis of the collected data on open charm production. Moreover, the plans of future open charm measurements in NA61/SHINE experiment and the related to upgrades of the vertex detector will be discussed.

We have calculated the temperature dependent drag and diffussion coefficients of heavy quarks and nuclear modification factor (R_AA) of heavy mesons (D and B mesons) by considering the energy gain due to chromo-electromagnetic field fluctuations along with collisional and radiative energy loss of charm and beauty quarks in the hot and dense deconfined medium of quarks and gluons created in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Our results are in good agreement with the experimentally measured R_AA of D and B mesons by ALICE and CMS experiments at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=2.76{\rm{TeV}}$ and $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=5.02{\rm{TeV}}$.

The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider is a major upgrade of the KEK "B factory" facility in Tsukuba, Japan. The accelerator has already successfully completed the first phase of commissioning in 2016 and first electron positron collisions in Belle II have taken place in April 2018. The design luminosity of SuperKEKB is 8×10³⁵ cm⁻²s⁻¹ and the Belle II experiment is expected to accumulate a data sample of about 50 ab⁻¹, a factor of 50 more than the Belle experiment. With this amount of data, decays sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model can be studied with unprecedented precision. This report discusses our prospects for studying lepton flavor non-universality with the modes B → D^(*)τν, and the prospects for other missing energy modes sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model, such as B → τν and $B\to {K}^{(\ast )}\upsilon \bar{\upsilon }$, which provides one of the cleanest experimental probes of the favour-changing neutral current process $b\to s\upsilon \bar{\upsilon }$.

The flavour changing neutral current decays are interesting probes for searching for new physics. Angular distributions of b → sℓ⁺ℓ⁻ transition processes of both B⁰ → K^*0µ⁺µ⁻ and B⁺ → K⁺µ⁺µ⁻ are studied using a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8{\rm{TeV}}$ collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.5 fb⁻¹. Angular analyses are performed to determine P₁ and ${{P}^{^{\prime} }}_{5}$ angular parameters for B⁰ → K^*0µ⁺µ⁻ and A_FB and F_H parameters for B⁺ → K⁺µ⁺µ⁻, all as functions of the dimuon invariant mass squared. All of the measurements are consistent with the standard model predictions.

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the first bolometric experiment searching for neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay that has been able to reach the 1-ton scale. The detector consists of an array of 988 TeO₂ crystals arranged in a cylindrical compact structure of 19 towers. The construction of the experiment and, in particular, the installation of all towers in the cryostat was completed in 2016 and data taking started in 2017. In this conference we present the 0νββ decay results of CUORE from examining a total TeO₂ exposure of 86.3 kg yr, characterized by an effective energy resolution of 7.7 keV FWHM and a background in the region of interest of 0.014 counts/(keV kg yr). Based on these data, CUORE places a lower limit on the 0νββ decay half-life of ${}^{130}{\rm{Te}}\,{T}_{1/2}^{0\upsilon }\gt 1.5\times {10}^{25}{\rm{yr}}$ (90% C.L.). We then discuss the latest updates in the analysis of background and in the evaluation of the half-life of 2νββ decay of ¹³⁰Te.

SNO+ has been taking data for one year, as a pure water Cherenkov detector, while preparing for filling with scintillator and then loading 3900 kg of Tellurium to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. This contribution reviews the present results and status of SNO+, focusing on how the water commissioning phase extends the capabilities of previous Cherenkov detectors, and on the results that the present data provides for neutrino and other low background physics.

The Borexino experiment, located in the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy and widely known for its rich Solar Neutrino physics program, has recently celebrated the 10 years of data taking. Among the achievements of the Borexino experiment solar program are: a precision measurement of ⁷Be neutrino flux with uncertainty of 3%, limit on its day/night asymmetry, first spectral measurement of pp-neutrinos, first evidence of monoenergetic pep neutrinos at 5 sigma, ⁸B neutrinos detection with the lowest visible energy threshold of 3 MeV, observation of season modulation of the ⁷Be solar neutrino rate at 3.8 sigma and the best current limit on CNO neutrino flux.

Borexino is now in its high-purity Phase II data taking, thanks to intense purification campaigns of scintillator in 2010-11 that were very successful in further reducing the already low backgrounds. The advanced tecniques of data analysis were improved, allowing to maximize the signal/noise ratio. The detector was thermally insulated in order to improve the fluid stability. As an outcome, quality of the data has significantly increased leading to new levels of sensitivity to all solar neutrino fluxes. This allows a more sensitive probe for CNO neutrinos relevant to the solar metallicity problem.

Measurements of CP violation are a core part of the LHCb physics programme and provide sensitivity to angles of the CKM matrix as well as searching for evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model. A summary of recent B → DX results from LHCb are presented, including the time-dependent B⁰ → D^∓π^± analysis which profits from the largest flavour tagged sample analysed by LHCb, the world's first observation of the B⁺ → D_sKK and the world's most precise (first) measurements of the CP asymmetry in ${B}^{-}\to {D}_{(s)}^{-}{D}^{0}$ decays.

Recent results of CP violation measurements in two- and quasi-two-body charmless B meson decays at LHCb are highlighted. The measurement of the CP -violating weak phase ${\phi }_{s}^{d\bar{d}}$ from the decay ${B}_{s}^{0}\to ({K}^{+}{\pi }^{-})({K}^{-}{\pi }^{+})$ is discussed, as well as the CP -violating phase ${\phi }_{s}^{s\bar{s}}$ from the ${B}_{s}^{0}\to \phi \phi$ decay. In addition, the ${B}_{s}^{0}\to \phi \phi$ analysis includes the measurement of triple product asymmetries, probing for T violation. The final analysis presented measures CP violation in a time-integrated, untagged method using ${B}_{(s)}^{0}\to h{h}^{^{\prime} }$ decays.

The Hades spectrometer is a versatile detector device operating at the SIS18 synchrotron at GSI Darmstadt with a vital list of results on strangeness production including Λ(1405) and Σ(1385) exclusive production cross-sections, Λ polarization, Λ-p correlation and Kaons in-medium. With the upgrade of the SIS18 synchrotron for the FAIR facility and the upgrade of HADES with a new Forward Detector, the experiment will have an unique opportunity to study also excited hyperon states. Among others, production and electromagnetic decays of excited Λ and Σ hyperons states, Ξ⁻ cascade spectroscopy and - production and correlation are planned. We have studied the reconstruction feasibility using two benchmark channels of Λ(1520) → Λe⁺e⁻ Dalitz decay and exclusive Ξ⁻ production in pp→Ξ⁻K⁺K⁺p reaction. The Forward Detector consisting of a forward tracker made of PANDA straw tubes prototypes and a RPC time of flight detector will enlarge HADES acceptance to forward angles (0.5-7°), important for Λ tagging. The magnetic field-free forward region will require employment of kinematical refit and neural networks analysis methods to perform particle identification. In this contribution highlights of strangeness production in p-p and p-A reactions will be presented together with perspectives for the future hyperon programme.

This paper briefly describes some prospects for new physics searches related to CP violation studies in B decays with the Belle II experiment. With a design luminosity of 8 · 10³⁵ cm⁻² s⁻¹, and an integrated luminosity above 50 ab⁻¹, the new B-factory SuperKEKB will exceed the record instantaneous luminosity of its predecessor KEKB by a factor of 40. The new Belle II detector with most subsystems upgraded will allow to measure the parameters of CP violation even more precisely in spite of increased backgrounds and radiation loads. The CKM mechanism is expected to be tested at 1% level at Belle II.

The discovery of the Higgs boson has fully confirmed the Standard Model of particles and fields. Nevertheless, fundamental phenomena like the existence of dark matter and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe still deserve an explanation that could come from the discovery of new particles. The SHiP experiment proposal at CERN is meant to search for particles in the few GeV mass domain, very weakly coupled with ordinary particles. The existence of such particles, foreseen in Beyond Standard Models, is largely unexplored. A beam dump facility using high intensity 400 GeV protons is a copious source of such unknown particles in the GeV mass range. The beam dump is also a copious source of neutrinos and in particular it is an ideal source of tau neutrinos, the less known particle in the Standard Model. We report the physics potential of such an experiment. We also describe an ancillary measurement of the charm cross-section carried out in July 2018.

Flavor physics stands today at an exciting forefront. Unprecedentedly large flavor- $$$enriched data sets are allowing to reach high levels of precision and to explore new observables and rare sensitive processes. The large suite of precision measurements matching the expectation from the standard theory, the observation of its scalar, followed more recently by that of the Yukawa interaction, together with the negative outcome of the direct searches for new fundamental states, render the Standard Model an unexpectedly robust effective theory up to the TeV scale. At the same time, a coherent set of so-called flavor anomalies persistently emerge from the data, constituting a tantalising indication of the presence of New Physics. Explorations of the flavor sector in its many fronts are actively pursued and planned, which are bound to shed further light on the Standard Model and possibly reach beyond it in the near future.