Table of contents

PREFACE

Bismillahirrahmanirrahim,

Assalamu'alaikum Warrahmatullah Wabarrakatuh,

This issue is published in line with the Eleventh International Seminar on Industrial Engineering and Management (11^th ISIEM). The articles cover a broad spectrum of topics in Industrial Engineering and Management, which are Quality Engineering Management, Decision Support System and Artificial Intelligent, Ergonomics, Supply Chain Management, Production System, Operation Research, and Industrial Management. These articles provide an overview of critical research issues reflecting on past achievements and future challenges. Those papers were selected from 120 abstracts, and we send these papers to IOP to be published there as an Open Access Proceeding. This statistic shows the high competition to get published on this proceeding.

This issue and seminar become special as more delegates come and join from various country as well as universities. We host 90 delegates both from abroad and local.

The 11^th ISIEM is hosted by seven universities, which are Universitas Pasundan, Universitas Esa Unggul, Universitas Trisakti, Universitas Tarumanagara, Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia, and Universitas Pancasila.

This is the thirteenth years of the collaboration of those universities, and the second time we had MOU with IOP in United Kingdom to publishing the papers that is indexed by Scopus.

In this occasion, let us give special thanks to Prof. Dr. Md. Mamun Habib, from BRAC Business School (BBS), BRAC University, Bangladesh, Editor-in-Chief, International Journal of Supply Chain Management (IJSCM) UK, Prof. Dr. Dzuraidah Abd. Wahab from Center for Integrated Design of Advanced Mechanical Systems Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, for their contribution as keynote speakers. We are also grateful to all reviewers, for their commitment, effort and dedication in undertaking the task of reviewing all of the abstracts and full papers. Reviewing a large number of submissions in a relatively short time frame is always challenging. Without their help and dedication, it would not be possible to produce this proceeding in such a short time frame. I highly appreciate all members of committees (advisory, steering, and organizing committees) for mutual efforts and invaluable contribution for the success of seminar.

Wassalamu'alaikum Warrahmatullah Wabarrakatuh.

Ir. Wahyukaton, MT.

Chairman

List of Conference Photographs are available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

The Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) project is conducted by the central government in cooperation with the provincial government of DKI Jakarta and supported by the Japanese government through Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The government goal is to create good e-Governance for the MRT project, and together initiate the use of e-Supply Chain Management (e-SCM), especially the e-Procurement, for the entire project. Technological innovation which is collaborated within the e-SCM becomes a very important aspect to support the e-Governance. This paper aims to determine the criteria and sub-criteria of success of the implementation of MRT parts' e-Procurement, and to determine the priorities of the MRT parts' e-Procurement process for the provincial government of DKI Jakarta. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process was employed to explore and simulate the level of importance of criteria and sub-criteria, in relations with the successful implementation of e-Procurement in MRT project. Top management commitment was found to be the most influential criteria by 0.334, followed by government policy and regulation (0.305), technology infrastructure (0.176), value acquisition (0.103), and suppliers' relations (0.082).

The supply chain is the relationship between material flows or services, money flow and information ranging from suppliers, producers, distributors, warehouses, retailers to customers. The smooth flow of material in the supply chain affected in the fulfillment of customer needs. If the problem occurs, it caused losses and risks. To minimize risks, it can be handled with Supply Chain Risk Management. This research was conducted in the supply chain in Wooden Toys Industries by identifying risks using the Fuzzy Reasoning method to calculate the amount of opportunity and impact that would arise if the risk occurred. To reduce the opportunity and impact of risk, a mitigation strategy is needed to consider and can be done using the Analytical Network Process method. Followed the results, the competitor's moves have a large chance and risk. Thus, risk mitigation can be proposed is necessary to conduct market observations and identify competitors at (31.3%).

Labor utilization in construction project is the most critical because it costs 30-50% of the total cost. In many projects, the labors e.g craftman are hired outside the company. Contractors and owners need sufficient information related to those labors whom they will work with. It is necessary for clients understanding each labor productivity performance in order to achieve the project quality. This study aims to provide the infomation needed by designing an information system that can be easily accessed. This is also to support clients for decision making in terms of teamwork project involved. The level of productivity is measured by Labor Utilization Rate (LUR) using three variables: effective working time, contributory working time, and ineffective working time. Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is applied in designing the information system. The finding showed that information system is properly implemented to assist clients in determining workers using productivity calculation. The system can inform the recommended workers by calculating and sorting their level of productivity that support client's decision making towards construction workers.

Increasing and empowering the economy of the community is an important thing that is a shared responsibility. This is the basis for the LAZ Al Azhar Empowerment "Sejuta Berdaya" program that makes Jampang Village as one of the target groups in the form of Kelompok Swadaya Masyarakat (KSM) which are named KSM Pelita Jampang Gemilang. The community in Jampang village has a variety of jobs with a low economic level. The foundation provides funding to the community through a sharia microfinance institution that collects and distributes public funds in accordance with Islamic law. The Jampang Sharia Cooperative is still operating manually. Registration process, member information, amount of funds and reports are still done manually and stored in a notebook. This causes the operational process not to run properly, because the data is not organized and stored neatly. Based on these conditions, a financial information system is needed, which is a web-based sharia cooperative, so that the operational processes and reports to members and administrators can run better and faster, so that they can help effectively and on target. Information systems are created using SDLC through the stages of user requirements, analysis and implementation.

Tempe is a traditional Indonesian food with processed soybean as the main ingredients. Indonesia is the largest tempe producer in the world with hundreds of thousands of traditional tempe maker. Currently the traditional production process is wasteful that requires the amount of water as much as 1321 liters/production of 37,5 kg tempe. Innovative dry production process is still less desirable because the dry soybean cracker machine is not optimal with a defect of 14,4% per production. In addition, the machine is unable to separate the husk and soybeans from the outlet. There are 12 alternative production concepts to produce highest quality tempe. TOPSIS method was used for selecting best production concept which reduces defect to 6,5% while manual separation process is eliminated. Water consumption is reduced to 800 liters/production of 35,125 kg tempe.

PT. XYZ has various divisions, one of them is the R&D division. This division is responsible for research and innovation. The highest impact on accidents caused by a worker injured and bleeding around 14.29%. In addition, the highest potential hazards are raw material spill around 14.29%. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to identify the factors potentially that lead to the high potential hazards in the R&D division. In addition, it also formulates the alternative to decision-making strategies. The research method used the SWOT method and AHP to determine the priority to selecting strategies for reducing the potential for occupational hazards. This study used the questionnaires and distributed among five experts in the company. The result shows that the strategy of Weakness-Opportunity (WO) is the highest weight around 3.38. Then, the calculation by using the AHP method obtained that monitoring and evaluation of occupational health and safety through improvement of Work Instruction became the main priority is equal to 0.32. The AHP method also showed the consistency value of approximately 0.09. Therefore, further research is needed to evaluate the alternatives chosen.

Risk is a factor that has a potential to occur in every part of an industry, including its supply chain. Every industry must consider and manage its supply chain risks in order to minimize losses while improving performance. In this study, a supply chain risk management (SCRM) approach was conducted in the supply chain of wooden toy industry as a way to minimize the impact of risk. In this case, SCRM method is done by identifying risks, assessing risks using the failure mode effect criticality analysis (FMECA) method to determine the risk priorities that must be mitigated, and establish strategies to mitigate the risk with analytical network process (ANP) method. Thus, the risk priority in the wooden toy industry's supply chain is the cost/price risk with the highest WRPN value of 33,379. In order to mitigate the cost/price risk, conducting strategic accounting practices and financial planning are recommended to be considered as its strategies.

Safety climate and safety behavior has an essential contribution to safety in all forms of the organizations. This research aimed to measure the impact of safety climate on safety behavior on bus rapid transit drivers in Jakarta. Bus rapid transit accident occurred inside and outside the bus lane. The incidence of the accident indicates that the risk is real. The measurement of the safety climate was using Nordic Safety Climate Questionnaire (NOSACQ-50). The NOSACQ-50 was adapted to fit the characteristics of transportation object. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 bus rapid transit drivers in Jakarta. Structural Equation Modelling – Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method was used to determine the influence safety climate to safety behavior among bus rapid transit drivers. The testing on the outer and inner model was conducted by bootstrapping and blindfolding process using Smart PLS software on the significance level of 0.05. The results of the study are that the workers' safety commitment and safety communication, learning, and trust in co-workers' safety competence had a positive and significant influence on safety behavior.

PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII is a company that produce orthodox black tea in Indonesia with a land area of less than 400 hectares. In the production section, especially the sorting room in sorting machine, which produces dust contaminants are very disturbing operators who are working. For the maintenance process is scheduled for 2 hours on working hours every 1 month, if maintenance takes more than 2 hours it will cause the production process is delayed. To support the maintenance process on dust collector, Design of dust collector using design for assembly (DFA) aproachp using Boothroyd and Dewhurst method. DFA approach is chosen to simplify the process of maintenance dust collector, which required unloading dust collector every maintenance. There are 2 dust collector designs proposed to get the best assembly design. The design of dust collector with optimal assembly time, with the application of Boothroyd and Dewhurst is design 2 with total component of 82 pieces with assembly time of 552.62 sec with assembling efficiency of 24.43%. It is hoped that by using design 2, the dust collector maintenance process does not interfere with the production process and the shorter time of assembly.

PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII is a company produces orthodox black tea. The wood pellets distribution in drying station still uses human power without any tools. The process is done as far as five meters with the transport time of each sack for three minutes and the weight is 30 kg. In the previous research has produced a design that used as reference in this research. The purpose of the research is to provide trolley design by applying Finite Element Method and Design for Assembly approach. The method is chosen because the trolley force should be considered so the trolley has good strength. The initially complex and inflexible designs are expected to be simpler and more efficient. The results of this research are wooden pellet trolleys on handle, platform, frame, and stairs chunk are considered safe from the results of the test. While the wheels chunk need to be re-election of material into titanium alloy because it is considered unsafe based on the test results. Then the design of wooden pellet trolleys results in a higher assembly efficiency rating of 27.77% with 127 total components and total processing time of 928.98 seconds so it can be concluded better than reference design.

This study aims to design a wood pellets carrier using Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD) approach to improve productivity of work. This research was conducted at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII, Ciater. There is a manual transport activity of wood pellets where to carry 30 tons of wood pellets is done by 5 workers each of which must carry a maximum of 60 kg of wood pellets. In the process of designing the trolley, knowing the worker complaints using NORDIC Body Map questionnaire and then analysed the value of the existing work posture. In addition, the making of needs statement for the EFD approach is based on the ergonomics concept is ESHCE (Effective, Safe, Healthy, Comfortable and Efficient) and another product design stage to generate an ergonomic trolley design. After generated the ergonomic trolley design then carried out analysis of push pull and productivity. By comparing the existing productivity and proposal productivity, it can be said that this wooden pellet transport trolley can increase work productivity in the drying work station.

The Tea packaging paper sack process at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VIII is done manually using human labor to lift paper sack weighing 40-60 kg. This condition makes it harder for the labor and increases the risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). In the existing condition, the RULA score is seven which have high risk of work accidents. To minimize the risk of MSDs, a proposed work tool is designed using the Ergonomic Function Deployment approach to produce ergonomic tools. The proposed work tool was developed with the ESHCE principle (Effective, Safe, Healthy, Comfortable, and Efficient) which became a variable in meeting the Ergonomic Function Deployment (EFD) approach. The research results showed that the proposed work tools could help workers in carrying out packaging activities with the decrease in the RULA value on the labor's posture and could reduce processing time because it united all activities in the packaging area. So it can be concluded that the proposed work tools can reduce the risk of MSDs and can help workers to process the packaging of tea with minimum time.

The purpose of this research is to assess work risk caused by non-ergonomic of both facility layout and workplace at some Small Scale Medium Enterprises (SMEs) at nagari Batu Taba, sub-district IV Angkek, West Sumatera. The research samples are traditional food industrial and convection. The research participants are those who have been worked for more than ten years. Amongst the grievances experienced by the worker are tiredness and musculoskeletal disorders. This evaluation adopts the ergonomic facility layout and workplace through using Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA). The assessment result by implementing WERA shows that the worker does experience risk with final score 30 at medium level, as for the worker who cut the clothes pattern is at high level, 45. Task is not accepted and immediately changes. It means that some recommendations to improve the workplace are of vital importance. The ergonomic design introduced in this research has potential to reduce the risk at some small scale industrial at nagari Batu Taba, sub-district IV Angkek.

English is one of the widely used international languages for communication among the nations. Therefore people needs to master the language both in speaking as well as writing and reading. In Indonesia, the mastery of this foreign language is still poor. Thus it is imperative to teach students this language since the elementary school. But, at this time the existing methods of teaching and learning process in the school has not been able to produce the expected quality. Even many students are not interested to learn it. 64% of the students score are below standard, and 67% of the students are not motivated to study hard. The objective of this study is to develop the Kansei Board Game to improve student's motivation in learning English effectively. Kansei Engineering Type 1 method is used to determine design specification based on user's feelings and emotions. A survey was conducted to identify the words of Kansei, while a statistical analysis is used to validate the hypotheses of the proposed design. The study showed that the method for teaching and learning process by using the Kansei board games is valid to meet user criteria and can increase motivation for students in learning English.

The explosive growth of the internet has led to pathological use, also known as internet addiction. A lot of countries have reported increased number of internet addiction among teenagers and the negative effects of it. Purpose of this study is to observed prevalence of internet addiction and the musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS), physical, and psychosocial behavior problems among sample of Indonesian university students. Seven hundred and fifteen Indonesian university students (mean age = 20.9 year, SD = 2.52 year, 290 female) participated voluntarily in this study by filing out a set of questionnaires consist of internet addiction test (IAT) questionnaire, Nordic body map to observe MSS, and a questionnaire about physical and psychosocial problems. The prevalence of internet addiction among Indonesian university students were 3.2 %, whereas 61% of the samples were categorized as having problem with internet. As predicted, higher internet addiction was accompanying with higher MSS. Most participants (> 50%) were reporting MSS in upper neck, lower neck, right shoulder, back, and waist. higher internet addiction also shows higher physical and psychosocial behavior problems. This study confirms number of general prevalence of internet addiction in teenagers. Result of this study also strengthen the fact of negative effects of intense use of internet not only for physical and musculoskeletal, but also for psychosocial wellbeing.

Ergonomic product refers to a product which is designed based on the principle of human centered design in order to accomodate user's characteristics and capacities. Despite the benefits of an ergonomic design, there are not many industrial products labeled as an ergonomic one. This indicates the consumers are still unfamiliar with the existence of the ergonomic products and its utilization. The aim of this study was to investigate the consumers' awareness toward an ergonomic product. A survey to 16 Indonesian university students and 24 employees was done utilizing a set of questionnaire representing six parameters comprising consumer awareness of ergonomic product, perceived of design, perceived of comfortability, perceived of social image, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness. The results revealed that only 55% of respondents were aware of ergonomic product. There were indications of positive appeal from ergonomic product for its consumer in term of its design, comfortability, social image, and usefulness.

A survey was developed to evaluate employee perceptions of the safety culture and culture of nuclear security. The survey was made up of 52 questions divided into 13 factors: leadership, involvement of employee, work environment, employee competence, management commitment, procedures, leader attitude, training and qualifications, employee attitude, implementation and operation, integrated safety, self-assessment, belief. The survey was conducted on 125 employees working in nuclear area. A survey were conducted between February and May 2016. A numerical value was given to each question, so that the results of the survey were represented as a score. The data reveal that age group 60-69 years dominate by having the best perception on 6 factors. The overall value of factors, the company is included in rank B. The relationship between the long term period of working and to the value of rank does not show the relationship trend. MANOVA analysis showed that if multivariate test was done together, the thirteen factors did not show any differences on the group lenght of working. However, if analyzed individually, it turns out the Training and Qualification factors have different effects on the group of long term period of working.

The mental workload affects productivity workers to accomplish the task. Staff has many tasks that not only main task but additional task. The additional task is from superior in the same place or the other place. The SOP for duties and distribution of task is not clear so the fatigue can affect to productivity. The method to measure mental workload is NASA-TLX. NASA TLX has six indicators: mental demand, physical demand, temporal demand, performance, frustration, and effort. The analysis not only based on result of NASA TLX but also using statistic test. The result is performance indicator is high that described the staff not satisfied with their job has done. The staff not satisfy but the effort has been taken out is very high. The result of Mann Whitney is not different with two group of the period long term of working which divided in < 7 years and >7 years. The result of correlation test is if the staff make more effort, the satisfaction for their tasks has been done is bigger. The regression test produces an equation but cannot be used to calculation or prediction the staff mental workload. Because regression coefficient is not significant (not usable). The solution is staff must divide the task. Dissatisfaction can reduce motivation and the members cannot perform well.

Sustainable production has to become a necessity for all industries for last decades. While the industry has to improve the quality of the product, they also need to consider three essential indicators (economic, social and environment). To concern for sustainable production, there are many indicators that can be set. Every industry may have different indicators with others depends on their policy, goal, and circumstances. The objective of this research is to propose a practical approach to determine appropriate sustainable production indicators. The selection process of sustainable production indicators will be challenging. The proposed method used a framework of eco-quality function deployment. The construction of house of quality in this concept is derived from three main perspectives of sustainable development such as, economic, social and environment. The assessment of eco-quality function deployment involves expert judgments. The linguistic terms in fuzzy concept is applied. The result showed that the combination of fuzzy eco-QFD could be a useful tool for the selection process of sustainable production indicators that is flexible enough to be modified and can accommodate many varieties of indicators.

The accuracy of the job completion is very important to increase productivity. PT.UPA-Orang Tua Group has a chemical analysis laboratory (Analytical Research Laboratory) which is tasked analyzing samples from Formulator Divisions. In carrying out the sample chemical analysis, the company has 10 working days lead time. But it was seen that a number of samples were handled beyond the 10-day deadline. This is thought to be a chemical analyst's workload that exceeds its capacity. In this study, workload will be calculated using the Workload Analysis method and also set a standard time for chemical analysis in which the company does not have it. The object of this research is to determine the standard time taken from the preparation of chemical analysis of each parameter. There are 8 chemical parameters that will be calculated. Then observations of work time were carried out by a chemical analyst with good abilities and moderate work rhythms. Determination of the standard time for chemical analysis is 24.07 hours per sample. And the workload for each analyst is 7 samples per month, so it takes 11 chemical analysts to complete 639 samples that will come to meet the 10-day work target.

The object of this research is small and medium micro enterprises that make sticky "Opak" with a manual process. The process of ripening food by roasting, where food is placed on a ram wire that is placed on top of the fire stove. The quality of the opaque produced is very dependent on the skills of the employees and the accuracy of flipping through the opaque to obtain good results. In fact, the opaque quality of roasting results varies. Besides, limited production results, causing high demand from customers often cannot be fulfilled by the "Opak" craftsmen. To overcome this problem, the research team designed ripening of glutinous "Opak" with roller method. This sticky rice opaque machine with roller method uses electric power with a low-speed level, so the craftsmen can easily control the maturity level of food ingredients. With the making of the "Opak" sticking machine in the roller method, it is expected that the ripening process can be done with a machine and the maturity level can be uniform; so that the production process is not limited by employee skills; and customer requests can be met.

A Traffic accident is caused by the negligence and the low situation awareness of the motorcycle riders. Based on the Indonesian Police traffic data, until May 2018, there were 32,127 motorcycle accidents with 6,009 people died. The highest accidents happened to the riders between 15-19 years old. Thus, feasibility of the motorcycle riders becomes crucial. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of awareness of the motorcycle riders as well as to determine the minimum age level to ride motorcycle. There were 75 respondents participating in this study who were about 17 to 19 years old. The Quantitative Analysis of Situational Awareness method was used to achieve the objective. The results of this study show that 17 years old riders have better situation awareness level than 18 years old ones. Meanwhile, the best situation awareness level is at age 19. It is because of the value of calibration (12.22%) which is smaller than 17 years old (17.52%) and 18 years old riders (26.48%). Therefore, this study recommends the feasibility of motorcycle riders should be 19 years old as the minimum requirement.

Sugar is the daily basic need of human life. It is made from cane trees and manufactured using a milling machine in the early stages. This machine is operated 24 hours per day; consequently, it should be in a good condition and the company must be able to ensure the machine can run well by scheduling regular maintenance. This study aimed to investigate the potential failure of manufacturing process to provide some recommendations for improvement. Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method was applied to analyze the situation, and Logic Tree Analysis (LTA) was implemented to classify the types of improvement. This study found 13 failure modes, including a loose hammer tip, a broken end of the cutter, a non-balanced hammer rotation, a broken hammer handlebar, a broken wheel bearing, a loose switch, a loose split pen, a loose fastener bolt, an overload, a destroyed rubber seal, a broken turbine coupling, a broken screw-bolt, and a hollow roller. Meanwhile, the classification of improvement consisted of 3 categories namely safety problem (A), outage problem (B), and economic problem (C). Subsequently, the A category recommended setting up the machine in accordance with SOP while the B category recommended inspecting the machine routinely and preparing parts. In addition, the C category recommended performing accurate installation, lubrication, and cleaning.

Sragen regency has a traditional woven fabric called goyor woven, whose presence is disappearing. One way to revive its existence is to encourage its use as the material for official uniforms of Sragen civil servants. For this purpose, there is a need to research the most preferable design of the goyor woven fabrics by the civil servants. The aim of this research is to determine the technical specifications of the goyor woven fabric by combining the characteristics of the goyor fabric and the preferences of Sragen civil servants. The method used is integrated QFD with conjoint analysis. QFD is used to translate consumer voices into technical specifications while conjoint analysis is used to find the best combination of the proposed goyor woven fabric design with the technical specifications. The initial result of the research indicates that the technical specifications of the goyor fabric design that is formed are red and blue fabrics with floral and geometric patterns. Based on conjoint analysis the option that best suits the preferences of Sragen civil servants is the combination of blue goyor fabric with geometric pattern.

The existence of creative culinary houses with thematic besides culinary has attracted a lot of public attention. In the business balance between supply and demand, sharpness of analysis is needed to see the potential on both sides. Although the supply of culinary business has been very numerous and varied in the city of, analysis of how to build a unique product and find a niche that can still be penetrated is very important. Culinary developments around ex-lokalisasi area are still limited to products that have been developed in the community such as crackers, chips, seaweed and the like. The superior products that are in demand by the community and have great potential are various heavy and light foods that can be consumed in daily life to get enough sales potential and business sustainability. The community gives a positive appreciation in the question of perception about the existence of culinary houses and gives positive interest to become consumers, but some still have negative perceptions about the ex-lokalisasi area and expect the stigma to be lost. In the perception as a producer, the public still doubts the potential for marketing and sales success and the limitations of the place. It is expected that this creative culinary house can have relationships with various other economic centers in the city.

Website is one of supporting facilities that used by universities as communication and marketing media. The Industrial Modelling and Simulation Laboratory website is one of the academic websites at the Islamic University of Indonesia. There are still problems found on the website such as not uniform display content, less attractive appearance, complex navigation and too many link layouts. It was indicated that the website has not been easy and effective to be used so that an evaluation and usability testing needs to be carried out to improve the function of the website. The research method used was participatory design, performance measurement and usability scale (SUS) system questionnaire. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of evaluation based on participatory design and the level of usability on the proposed website. The evaluation process identifies problems and suggestions for improvement through 2 iteration stages to produce a proposal design. In the process of usability testing the proposed website shows that the proposal for a new laboratory website has an effectiveness level of 78%, an efficiency level of 76% and a satisfaction level of 74% with excellent categories.

Company improvements and evaluations must always be carried out by companies to improve company performances. One of the factors that influence the performance was the smooth production on machine performance. Good risk management was one of the keys to maintaining a smooth production process. This research was conducted at a manufacturing company, PT. XYZ, to carry out risk management on machines that had low performance. From the results of the quarterly report to the four parts of maintenance, the forklift was a machine and facility with the lowest NPM (Quality Performance Score-QPS). The method used in this research was Fuzzy FMEA (Failure Mode and Effect Analysis), in order to obtain priority in repair and maintenance of forklifts. The result of this study was that the failure mode of the hydraulic hose rupture got the highest FRPN (Fuzzy RPN) value of 631 so that the hydraulic part with the failure mode of the broken hydraulic hose was recommended to be the main focus in the repair and maintenance of the forklift. The result of using Fuzzy FMEA was more proposed as a reference focus to get more objective risk management compared to conventional FMEA results in machine repair and maintenance.

Cutting process is one of processes in producing tofu before being packaged and marketed. Generally, cutting tofu is performed manually using a ruler with repetitive movements as 20-24 times, therefore it required longer time to cut and cause low back pain (LBP) in workers. Present study objective is to analyze the risk of work with repetitive task in the process of cutting tofu and designing tools to reduce these risks without decreasing the quality of the tofu. The methodology use OCRA and anthropometry which performed on two tofu factories (Mr. Joko and Mr. Udin) in Batam, as research subject. The results showed that repeated movements during tofu cutting were carried out for 33-35 seconds, with the percentage higher at hands work and waiting times in seconds. Furthermore, the OCRA risks of repetitive movements assessment is classified as medium-risk conditions (3.8-4.48). However, it is necessary to repair the cutting tools. Improvements are gained by designing cutting tools in accordance with the operator's hand anthropometry. The new tofu cutting tool produces only 2 times repetitive movements, which is lesser and using OCRA assessment the level of movement risk becomes optimal (≤ 1.5).

Automatic fatigue recognition based on eye and mouth movements has been widely researched and used to detect human fatigue. However, there were only few studies that quantitatively examining fatigue status based on static images. This study was a pilot study that aimed to examine differences in human facial dimension between fresh and fatigue condition, based on photos. 4 photos from 8 subjects were taken, each photo depicted the subject in fresh condition with a neutral expression, fresh condition with a happy expression, fatigue condition with neutral expression, and fatigue condition with happy expression. Each photo was analyzed using Face Reader 7.1 software to detect the coordinates of the points around the eyes and mouth. 10 dimensions around the eyes were calculated for each situation. In neutral expressions, paired t-test with significance value of 0.05 proved that in 8 dimensions, value in fresh conditions were different from ones in fatigue conditions. But these results were not proven in the picture with happy expressions. Although further research is needed, this finding could be a first step for developing the knowledge to detect fatigue based on facial static images.

In Indonesia, some industries do manual work using human labor. Among other things is the process of raw materials handling. Likewise, this happened to PT XYZ, which has not used a tool in the material handling process. The material are steel plates and wood plates. This study aims to determine the physical complaints felt by workers, determine the workload classification, and analyze the work posture of workers. In accordance with the results of the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, there are complaints from workers, especially pain in the upper neck, pain in the left and right shoulder, pain in the left upper and right upper arm, backpain, low back pain, left and right forearm pain, left-right wrist pain, and right and left hand pain. Based on Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and Workplace Ergonomic Risk Assessment (WERA) analysis, all activities of carrying steel plates and wood plates are categorized as medium. Based on Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), the elements of work that require immediate action are Taking Plate (Wood) and Carrying the Plate (Wood). The results of the calculation of energy consumption obtained by 5.94 kcal / minute and categorized as work heavy / heavy work (5.0 - 7.5 kcal / minute). Workers carr plates with a weight of 30 to 42 kg, while according to NIOSH Equation and Snook Table analysis the maximum load is 14.06 kg, so this is far beyond and dangerous.

PT. S Steel is a company producing zinc coated steel sheet (BJLS). The company runs from 1969 and is a joint venture company with Japan. The current production plant is located in an urban area, and the government of Makassar issued a government regulation in which the factory should not exist in the city area. So that PT. S Steel will build its new production plant in the industrial estate. In this feasibility study will be discussed about the construction of production plant PT. S Steel is reviewed in terms of market, technical aspects, legal and environmental aspects, as well as financial aspects. Market aspect analysis is done by using interview and historical data as reference. In the market aspect it is known that the amount of demand from zinc continues to decline while the galvalume rises as a new trend. Technical aspects analysis resulted in the output of facility layout and financial aspect analysis calculated based on calculation of NPV, BCR, and PBP with projection for 5 years period. financial analysis was assessed from several eligibility criteria, namely NPV with value Rp 487,404,605,133 and said to be feasible because NPV> 0, IRR 48.703% and said to be feasible because IRR> MARR 11%, and PBP worth 2.34. This feasibility study shows that the implementation of the construction of PT. S Steel is feasible to operate.

Currently, competitions between universities at the national and international levels become tighter. Every university gives the best effort. They develop every aspect of the university's pillars quality to get more attention. These aspects include curriculum so that each student can learn more in an organized way. The same also applied for its facilities so that each student never lack of supporting tools and a delightful environment to learn. Even the lecturers are the best in their field so as to educate quality students. This happens not only in the national but also at the international level. In accordance with the proverbs often heard, 'library is the heart of the university'. Naturally the library becomes an important part of the university. Library of Andalas University has been awarded 'excellent' on a national scale by BAN-PT, according to SNI 7330.2009 and SNP 010: 2011. This achievement also requires library to maintain their quality. In line with Andalas University goal to obtain international recognition, library also need acquire ISO certification as in ISO 11620. The framework corresponding to the library's performance appraisal tool is MBNQA (Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award), because MBNQA is the best management guide for organizations in order to achieve high quality and world-class certification. Thus, to obtain certification of international standards and maintain it, designing a new library performance appraisal tool is necessary. This new assessment tool will adopt MBNQA framework using national scale by BAN-PT and ISO 11620 indicator. The process to make new assessment tool will be assist by AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method.

Agent based simulation is a simulation model that can be used to describe the interaction between the involved agents. The interaction is generated from observations of human behavior. This study aims to provide an overview of business process PT Aksara Solopos and involved agents in it, especially for Koran Harian Solopos. In addition, to cope with the large number of paper returns is estimating the newspaper demand by simulation. Simulations done using NetLogo 6.0.3 applications. This research produced the number of clients who are subscribed by newspaper deliveryman and daily stock for the company, newsagents, newspaper deliveryman to complete the consumer demand.

Carrots are one type of agricultural products with large quantities in Indonesia. One of the carrot based products is carrot syrup. To determine the optimal process and composition of the carrot syrup, design of experiment using Taguchi method was carried out. This research have focused to optimize the carrot syrup with multiple quality using multi response Taguchi method based on the average quality losses. The quality dimension used are the sugar content and microbial impurities of the carrot syrup. The two quality dimensions have different responses, larger the better for sugar content and smaller the better for microbial content mold and yeast. The parameters determined to optimize the product quality dimensions are the duration of heating and the amount of sugar. The result of the optimal process and composition of carrot syrup is the duration of heat for 30 minutes and the amount of sugar of 210%.

Construction project is an important activity along with the increasing need of infrastructure and residential building. Construction projects with different investment value and complexity level affect the completion duration of construction work. The higher the value or the more complex the building, the longer time required to accomplish the construction project. During the construction process, it is possible to find risks both from internal and external management which potentially cause project overdue that will lead to cost overruns. This study focused on assessing and managing schedule risk in three main phases of construction project, such as: feasibility study, design, and construction. A certain sample of residential building project was choosen as study case. In this study, mathematical approaches are used by performing CPM-PERT and Monte-Carlo simulation method. The results of this study can be used to help project managers to minimize potential risks by projecting simulation results and to assess if a project can be completed in timely manner according to given schedule.

Distribution is one of crucial activities for a company because it will benefit the company from the sales of its distributed products. One way to facilitate distribution is determining an optimal route. Determining an optimal route is an important issue to solve since it can affect vehicle operating cost and time. Moreover, it is required to obtain an efficient route. This research deals with the optimization of distribution route of a garment SME located in Pandeglang, namely Forboys (FBS), who produces children's clothing. This research attempts to seek which route is best for distributing semi-finished goods from FBS Warehouse to each CMT in Pandeglang, so as to minimize the cost incurred. In order to distribute semi-finished goods quickly, an efficient distribution route from FBS Warehouse to each CMT is required. This research is conducted uses Genetic Algorithm method. Genetic algorithm which is reliable in producing optimal output that can be used to solve the most appropriate for this type of problem. Based on the results of the research, the optimum route is found to be the one starting the delivery from FBS Warehouse - CMT 3 - CMT 2 - CMT 1 and back to FBS Warehouse, with a total distance of 205.5 km and the cost incurred for each distribution of IDR 386,500.

Project scheduling is the application of skills, techniques, and intuition acquired through knowledge and experience to develop effective schedule models. It is integrated with various project components, such as activities, resources, and logical relationships. This is a case study of project scheduling under resource-constrained in an aircraft industry. In order to successfully run a project should focus on the project accomplishing effort related to the deadline. When the schedule execution of activities does not meet the project scheduling plan, the entire project may take longer duration to achieve the deliverables. This paper presents a rearranged schedule compared to the current set. Utilizing project management software (PMS), the project can be finished in 91 days employing 12 operators. Microsoft Project is preferred for further evaluating and managing project scheduling solution. The data is treated automated and the leveling method is applied to compress the completion project time related to the scope of the study is the limited resources allocated. Leads and lags have been identified regarding the new schedule results. The project can be accomplished quickly enough using the rearranged schedule.

Inventories of conventional agricultural cultivation products are closely related to available land area. Often the area of available land is not comparable to meet all demands and cause a profit loss. Appropriate planting management is needed to minimize the profit loss. This study aims to optimize the profit from Chrysanthemum seedling cultivation on Cianjur seedling plantation by developing a model of decision-making system through simulating the planting proportion between varieties. The method used in this research is by using hard method operational research (OR) approaches, while the simulation process is done using spread sheet excel with manual input. The results showed that in one planting period required four times planting with the particular planting proportion. The total profit generated from the best scenario simulation is IDR. 385,779,274.19 with 24.63% profit from first planting, 26.26% from second planting, 27.97% from third planting and 21.13% from fourth planting. The results of this study provide a basis for determining the decision of planting patterns compared with existing conditions that have not used the planning model at all.

In this paper, a two-stage algorithm developed for the cutting sequencing problem in a modular manufacturing system. This system has a level of flexibility depends on the cutting stage of raw material. This paper focuses primarily on the work station. In the first stage of the algorithm, an integer linear programming model is used to determine the number of hardboards that will be cut. The model was tested with two different objective function is to minimize waste and to minimize the number of hardboards used. In the second stage, a heuristic developed a scheduling pattern of cutting, where the due date and the number of requests demand a consideration. This algorithm is further implemented in a furniture manufacturer that operates using the make-to-order basis.

Indonesia is an archipelagic country which around 77% of its area is covered by water. Thus, developing good logistic system is needed especially in water-based route to distribute goods to the entire country. To develop national logistic system, government establishes Sea Highyway concept. This new concept is expected to lower the logistic cost for Eastern side of Indonesia especially Papua. The existing routing system has not yet established to reach all the seaport at Papua. This issue will still force air-based and land-based distribution system to take over most of its distribution activity. The main discussion of this research is to determine the most optimal routing system for container shipment in Papua. The determination of optimal routing system applies Integer Linear Programming for its approach. The scope of this research would be the container shipment originated from Tanjung Perak and Makassar. The seaports taken into account for this research consist of 3 hub ports and 7 feeder ports. Based on the calculation, 54 alternatives routing are determined and 22 of these are the most optimal routing system for container shipment in Papua.

VRP highly close related with distance and cost minimization. PD. Kebersihan Kota Bandung has been facing one of the problem related with vehicle routing since this company has not have a fixed route for waste transportation because of their limited vehicle used and it will cost them a lot more if they have to add more vehicle to handle this. Therefore, research on VRP for this case has been done especially in West Bandung Region to find a better solution to reduce total distances and cost in which the company have to pay out. Method used to solve this problem is Genetic Algorithm with Clarke and Wright Saving used first to find initial solution. Genetic Algorithm is problem independent, it means that it can solve a lot of problems in a different field and still have probability to keep continuing to find the best solution including global search. Based on researh that has been done, there are three route with three trucks created with total volume for each vehicle on those route which are 7,053 m³, 6,753 m³, and 6,903 m³ with total distance 65,33 km.

The Supply Chain Management Division (SCM) of KM Rubber Company is responsible for delivering the sole product, crumb rubber, from its various factories in Sumatera to the destination ports for further delivery to customers or export destinations. The aim of this study is to provide the improved route for the depot distribution to each destination ports with the shortest time and distance. Writing stage begins with preliminary studies, followed by the identification of the problem, determine the purpose of research, data collection, data processing that contains the initial distribution system optimization solved by methods of transportation and distribution of a new route that is resolved by Genetic Algorithm, and closed by the analysis and conclusions. The manual calculation method to obtain the optimal route gives a total transport distance of 8832.12 km; while the distribution of the proposed route using Genetic Algorithms generate total distance routes as far as 5188.06 km. As the distance is shorter the new route will generate minimal costs and shorter travel time.

Developing algorithms for solving complex optimisation problems has become a challenging topic recently. This study has applied a novel constructive heuristics algorithm named Domino Algorithm for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) case which is aimed to efficiently reduce the calculation complexity and to find the optimal results of TSP best solution of tour lengths. As the study is a basic version of Domino Algorithm, it is decided to use the small TSP data sets consisting of 100 cities or less, such as Eil51, Berlin52, St70, Eil76, Pr76, and Rat99. This study also applied Nearest Neighbor approach to compare its result with that of Domino Algorithm. The results have shown that better tour lengths were achieved by Domino Algorithm (using 1 or 2 player (s)) for Eil51, Eil76, St70, Rat 99; and were resulted by Nearest Neighbor for Berlin52, and Pr76. For further research, the algorithm should be intensively combined with applying the improvement heuristic and should also be hybridized with meta-heuristics algorithm focusing on finding the optimal results by which the application will be moreover quite simple and easy.

The demand for forecasting task is very important to determine the number of stocks efficiently. This process should accommodate the demand for a company's product or service and control the inventory level. Especially for products such as building materials that needed capitals to buy and wide space to keep it safe. This research has objective to minimize the excessive amount of product in inventory and minimize loss in sales. This study was compared between a method named Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) that known as one of the most accurate and widely used forecasting model and ARIMA as a time series model to find the most accurate in forecasting of inventory. In this case, the model of BPNN used 6 input neurons as a monthly period of sale, the price of the product, amount of historical selling, an approximation of project renovation, an approximation of new project building and number of a competitor. And for Arima method we have three trials of tentative models. To compare the accuracy between them, we used the performance criteria such as MAD, MAE, RMSE, RRSE and RAE. In this research, we obtained that forecasting with BPNN is more accurate than ARIMA with error prediction of 19.6, 19.6, 30.4, 0.6, 0.5 for those performance criteria consecutively.

PT. Avesta Continental Pack is a manufacturer of flexible packaging for pharmaceutical products. The company faces ineffective production scheduling and repeatedly failed to finish orders at the expected time limit. Customers requesting orders in different finishing time contributes in causing delays in the delivery process. Consequently, customers ended up claiming the fee because of the late delivery. Therefore, a more advanced scheduling system will assist the company in managing the delivery time. The purpose of this research is to establish the most effective job scheduling arrangement to minimize mean tardiness as well as mean lateness job. As the production process uses flow shop method, this research applies heuristic methods, such as Earliest Due Date (EDD) method, Short Processing Time (SPT), Nawaz, Enscore, and Ham (NEH) algorithm and Campbell, Dudek, and Smith (CDS) algorithm. The result shows that SPT method provides the most optimum outcome, specifically by reducing mean tardiness by 801.81 minutes or 85.57% and decreasing mean lateness job by 2 or 66.67%. The best job sequence is subsequently job 8 - job 4 - job 1 - job 6 - job 7 - job 5 - job 2 - job 3, which minimizes the average delay time from 937.05 minutes to 135.24 minutes.

In a factory, the position of the production machine plays an important role because if the engine is damaged it will disrupt the production target. This study analyzes the performance of Double Indian Ballbreaker Net Sorter (DIBN) machines, one of the machines used to produce orthodox tea which in the fact, this machine often damaged and has high downtime. This leads to a low level of machine availability in the Production Department. For that, we need an Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) method to measure the performance and the level of effectiveness of the machine and six big losses factor analysis to find out what factors cause low of OEE value. Based on the OEE calculation results, the value of OEE DIBN machine is 53.98%. The result is still far from the standard set by the Japanese Institute of Plant Maintenance of 85%. From six big losses, it is known that the most influencing factors to decrease the effectiveness of DIBN machines are rework losses (23.33%), reduced yield losses (20.17%) and reduced speed of 19.49%.

Every company who performs production activities needs inventory of raw materials. The most important thing which is mandatory for all companies when performing their production activities is management of inventory, as inventory is an asset for a company. Availability of raw materials in the industry is expected to facilitate production/service activities to meet consumer needs. Ready-made garment industry, XYZ Pty Ltd is a family business established in 2004 located in Jakarta which engages in textile manufacture and has shown a relatively high demand. While XYZ Pty Ltd attempted to meet the demand, the inventory level was not able to balance with it, resulting in after-hour work of employees. In order to provide appropriate solutions, we proposed some strategies using Mamdani method and TFN (Triangular Fuzzy Number) range which selected appropriate rules to optimize inventory level of the company. Average of range score Fuzzy Interference System obtained for both production level and demand level were 36,500, while average of range score Fuzzy Interference System obtained for Inventory Cost and Inventory Level were 2,250,000,000 and 13,900, respectively. Rules resulting in a high inventory level are very good for use either together with other levels or not. Rules resulting in an intermediate inventory level are also good for use, in particular together with low and intermediate demand levels. Rules resulting in a high demand level are still good for use. On the other hand, rules resulting in a low inventory level are not good for use.

Marine transportation industry is one of the most vital activities in the world. Demand to provide effective and efficient inter-regional connectivity within the marine transportation framework will be a common agenda in some areas. South Asia Pacific region has a member country of more than 14 countries. With the region's economic growth of about 5.3 percent, compared to the world average of 3.2 percent, because it is the most safe area compared to other regions (Antara, 2016). Almost 70% of total world trade takes place among countries in Asia Pacific. In this study, we try to focus on comparative analysis of IT support system to support the operation of marine transportation services in 3 countries namely Indonesia, Malaysia and USA. Some port systems in the archipelagic country particularly the South Asia Pacific region have adopted approaches such as the ERP system, but are still partial. Each part of the port management creates its own information system, and links it to every organization's website. Utilizing existing ERP systems, will be key in designing new frameworks with IOT concepts. With the development of IOT techniques and major investments in marine transportation systems in the Asia Pacific region, intelligent transportation will be able to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of marine and port transportation services processes. The technology of the Internet of Things will enable the development of transportation systems to be more intelligent, safe, harmonious, and energy efficient.

PT ABC President Indonesia is a manufacturing company engaged in the food sector by producing ABC noodles and Nu Greentea. At PT ABC President Indonesia, the production scheduling process is one of the main processes carried out to determine the number of products that must be produced. Based on the problems that occur regarding stock, it is proposed that the best forecasting method is based on the time series of each Distribution Centre (DC) and processing Distribution Centre (DC) requests using the Distribution Requirement Planning (DRP) method. Where the DRP method is used, so that the company can meet the demand of every DC so that there is no shortage of products and the production process continues to run without the company experiencing losses. In addition, with the use of DRP method there will be additional stock so that if there is a defect, the company still has stock remaining so that it can still meet the customer demands for each DC and the product distribution process runs more regularly.

This paper describes how to apply both of value stream mapping tools and kanban system for identifying and reducing wastes that happened on shop-floor. This research was conducted at a basic chemical company which produces the thinner. This study aims to reduce even to eliminate the types of waste that occur on the production line of jerrycan product type. The plot of VSM is used to picture the entire of value stream. The value stream mapping tools are used to analyze the certain waste after it has been figured out by using waste assessment model. Hence in this study two selected tools were applied and discussed further, i.e. process activity mapping, and supply chain response matrix. The Current-VSM shown that value-added time of 472.33 s compared with total lead time of 132,568.76 s, consequently obtained process cycle efficiency (PCE) approximately 0.36%. Kanban system will be implemented to eliminate waste of unnecessary inventory throughout the value stream. At last, the result of improvements shown that value of PCE probably will increase by 67.25%, non-value activity will reduce 6.74%, as well as order fulfillment time of the whole process will be 13 days with 3.59 days of physical stock.

During the rubber production process, there are several wastes caused by breakdown machines, damaged equipments, and production delays. Those wastes have negative impact to companies and thus, need to be eliminated. This study aims to assess wastes in rubber production process using lean manufacturing approach. Waste Relationship Matrix (WRM), Waste Assessment Questionnaire (WAQ), and Value Stream Analysis Tools (VALSAT) are applied to identify the wastes. Fishbone Diagram is then used to determine the root cause of problems. Finally, Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) method is applied to evaluate the source of wastes and develop the action plans. It indicated that over production, inventory, and defects as the three highest wastes in the rubber production. Process Activity Mapping (PAM) is selected as the analysis tools in VALSAT and it obtained the activities in the rubber production are mostly categorized into value added activities. The necessary but non value added activities are also identified at a fairly high frequent. The major risks during the rubber production is related to dynamo damage and machine clogged in both hammer mill and mangle machine. It needs high attention from the production manager of rubber industry. Then, action plans are suggested to improve the maintenance program.

Business competitions between manufacturing fabrication industries increase fiercely. Companies were demanded to produce high quality products with competitive price that can be delivered to the consumer on time. Storage tank (10000 liter capacity) is one of the most ordered item but most of the time the delivery is unpunctual. During the initial planning, buffer time was unavailable, which caused 32% cost increase by waste. In this study, the concept between lean manufacture and lean project management was bridged to obtain minimal delay. The first research methodology was to identify and analyze waste, second method was risk analysis by FMEA, and final method was cost and time estimation by critical chain project management. S Curve depicted the decrease of delay, and value stream mapping was used to map optimum result from lean project management. Potential waste was "waiting", and the highest FMEA risk value was material delay caused by weather conditions. Project buffer result shows 39% decrease in engineering task and the actual cost was still within the budget. The company need to integrate HR cost in the project and measure the time buffer to predict delay gap.

SPT was the most studied rule in sequencing. Most of the research concluded that SPT was the best rule but other research concluded that SPT did not achieve the best performance. Studies shown that performance varies due to a great different environments because there were so many factors affected the performance. One of the factors that lead to differences in the conclusions was varying of processing time. The objective of the paper was to evaluate the effect of processing time's variance to the performance of sequencing rules. Only processing time variance was being investigated while number of machine was treated as nuisance factor. To achieve this objective, an experiment was designed and the experiment result was analyzed using anova. Performance measure used in the experiment was lateness. Only five sequencing rules were used. The rules were First In First Out (FIFO), EDD, SPT and Slack Time. The experiment found that for a small number of job, the effect of processing time's variance was not significant to the performance of sequencing rule. For large number of jobs, processing time's variance had a significant effect on the performance of sequencing rule. For further research, more sequencing rule to be consider while some assumptions is relaxed.

The X power plant is one of an electric company subsidiaries. Engaged in providing electricity for the certain regions. In general, the type of treatment from X power plant is short and long term maintenance. The application of these two systems helps X power plant to maintain the machines. The author argues that the type of maintenance from X power plant is not or is not yet optimal, the author wants to test whether reliability centered maintenance II treatment method can be applied in X power plant so that the efficiency and maintenance of the machine is in accordance with their individual needs. After implementing the RCM II information worksheet and RCM II decision worksheet, it is found that the existing maintenance management system in X power plant can be. Several incompatibility are detected, and should be matched with the corresponding maintenance method. For further research, the author recommend that the object of research are broadened so that the RCM II method can be used on other energy generating industries.

The study was conducted in a heavy equipment remanufacturing industry. The problem faced by the industry is in order to make the right decisions about the number of products that must be produced and the labor and parts needed to carry out the remanufacturing process. All decisions regarding this matter consider the cost of the new and reprocessed parts and the workforce used, since it depends on the condition of the product returned. In this regard, it will be useful to provide recommendations for developing the production process framework for remanufacturing. The main purpose of this paper is to measure the appropriate production quantity with an existing remanufacturing alternative, during the 3 months observations. This study based on the Cobb-Douglas production function with labor and parts as the input. The remanufacturing process itself consists of three stages; disassembly, reconditioning and reassembly. There were two cases that occurred in reassembly process during 3 months of observation. The input for reassembly process uses new parts and reconditioned parts. In Case I all parts from disassembly process are forwarded to reconditioning process without any constraints. In Case II the parts are binding by the constraints of the return parts. As a result, the existing production quantity from reassembly process is below the maximum output, except for month 2. This indicates that production framework needs to pay attention to the proportion of input parameters. It means that the maximum quantity of the new products could get from a given combination of labor and parts at the reassembly process.

Administration office at "X" Department is a room for managing papers and letters administration, documentation, archiving, and also a room for communication to lecturers and students and office administrators. This room needs to have good layout in order to support the activity for all elements within the department. Redesign the office layout will reduce the time to wait for completing the letters which are needed by the students and the lecturers. This paper's objectives are to improve the information flow and data flow, to reduce the documents stack, and to create a comfortable office to meet the facility layout principles. Activity Relation Chart (ARC) is been used to redesign the office layout by distributing questionnaires to the students and officers and lecturers to obtain the preference of closeness to construct the chart. The result is to redesign the desk into "L" shape to reduce the movements. Also, this result was explained later by a simulation using ARENA.

Every company always try to fulfill their customers' demand in order to gain maximum profit with minimum cost. To achieve that, company needs to pay attention to all aspects of the industry from upstream to downstream and create an integrated system so all processes can run effectively and efficiently. One important aspect that needs to be considered closely is production time. Company have to ensure that the production activity can be done within the time target so customers can get the right product in the right time. In the production floor, the balance of production lines is effecting the efficiency of production process. This research measures the efficiency of a manufacturing process in a generator company (DPG Inc.) based on its production time. Then, line balancing is applied to the generator manufacture line using RPW, J-Wagon, and LCR method to know the comparison of efficiency before and after line balancing applied. Based on the line efficiency, smoothness index and balance delay obtained, the best line balancing method to use in the generator manufacture line is LCR. The result is the generator manufacture line is more efficient after line balancing applied, especially using LCR method.

PT. ABC is a wood processing company which manufacture household appliances such as chair, table, wagon, shelf, and clothen hanger using rubber wood as the base material. Based on the results of observations made on the company, it was known that the production process in the company still having many non-value added activities such as delay and long distance transportation activities, causing longer lead time of the production process. From the problems that exist in the company, lean manufacturing approach is used to reduce non value added activities by using Value Stream Mapping to identify activities which are value added and which are the non-value added then to reduce non-value added activities 5W and 1H principles is used. After non-value added activities have been reduced, followed by Group Technology Layout approach to design three alternative layouts with the purpose of minimize the distance between station. This study aims to eliminate non-value added activities through simplification of the production process and redesign of the layout to reduce production time. The results of this study concluded that using this method the manufacturing lead time is decreased from the beginning of 19237.4 seconds to 14340.3 seconds. In addition, process cycle efficiency also increased by 34.15% and the completion of the process also increased by 20 units or by 25.64%.

In many years, the problem of lateness remains a problem for companies. This problem also occurs in textile company. At PT. AKS, one of the textile company, the lateness causes by bottleneck on one of their work station, which is Split Workstation, and the other caused by large unit load. The objective of this research is to minimize lateness by reducing the bottleneck and unit load. This research purposed a Drum-Buffer-Rope method and CDS algorithm to solve the problem. The constraint work station which is Split Workstation as the drum which is the control point of the whole system. The rope systematic which is backward scheduling applied at work stations before Split Workstation to minimize the queue time and to control the work in process. CDS Algorithm used in the interest of jobs sequencing to be processes after Split Workstation by using a forward scheduling. To solve the large unit load, we determine the unit load by trial and error. The result of this research manufacturing lead time decrease is by 61.88 percent from the current condition, queue time decrease is by 82.45 percent from current condition and the lateness decrease is by 35.71 percent from current condition.

The Objective of this research was to improve the productivity and efficiency in a line process of a case study. The observation showed that current efficiency was about 87% and operator productivity was about 13.3 pcs/hour/man power. Productivity improvement can be reached by three step. First, identification and reduction of non-added value activity. There are 13 non value added activities which are prioritized to be eliminated based on Pareto principles. Second, the reduction number of operators while doing the third step: reallocate the work of each operator after reduction. Operator reduction is done from 3 to 2 operators only. Then the job that is already efficient from the stepped operator is moved to two other operators. After repairing and balancing tasks for each operator, the efficiency value becomes 96% and productivity increases to 20.5 pcs/hour/man power and man power savings to two men power.

PT. Carnegie Universal Industries manufactures holster products and magazine carrier. Holsters have the most variants and the highest demand. To produce a holster, a mold is needed for each type of handgun. A mold uses wooden mold and blue gun. Mold making takes the longest time compared to other stages in the holster production process. The mold making process does not yet have standards, therefore it takes a long time and high cost. The purpose of this study is to develop a process planning to facilitate the making of molds with automated systems using the Computer Aided Process Planning (CAPP) method, speed up production time, and reduce production costs. The CAPP generative approach is generated through decision logic, formulation, search, algorithm and geometric based data. Database programs are created to store detailed information on each print that has been created. This approach design proved that the mold making procedures are simplified and speeded up and have standards, so that the time and costs are used more effectively and efficiently.

Different computerized algorithms are used to assist the layout planner in generating alternate layout. CRAFT (Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Technique) has been developed to improve an existing layout, while ALDEP (Automated Layout Design Program) is a construction layout. The improvement given by ALDEP over CRAFT technique was found to reduce annual material handling cost by 23% [1]. This study hypothesize that better result could be gained by combined two algorithms rather than their independent application. The hypothesis is verified by taking layout problems of CV Aji Jaya Mandiri. The objective of the study is to get the optimal layout of CV Aji Jaya Mandiri using ALDEP and followed by improving it with CRAFT. ALDEP based on the value of proximity (total closeness rating). The layout resulted from ALDEP is improved by exchanging machines positions. The newly layout obtained by ALDEP is compared with the result layout improved by CRAFT. There are two criteria for comparing the layout: material handling cost taken from MHES (material handling evaluation sheet), and the manufacturing lead time or processing time using Promodel simulation. The material handling cost of the layout resulted by CRAFT was decreased by 6,24%, that is mean that CRAFT was improved the layout effectively. The result of simulation showed the manufacturing lead time of the improved layout decreased 23 minutes. Layout evaluation using Adjacency Based Scoring for the CRAFT layout increase 15% compare with the initial layout so it was selected as the best layout. This study concluded that combined use of computerized layout design algorithms provides better result,

The hybrid assembly differentiation flow shop is a three-stage flow shop system with machining, assembly and differentiation stages. The machining stage produces k parts in independently unrelated dedicated machines. After k parts of a job completed, they are assembled at the assembly stage and assigned to dedicated machines for a final process. At the end, several types of finished products are resulted. The finished products should be delivered at their respective different due dates. The problem is to find a schedule considering multi due dates, and the criterion of minimizing total actual flow time. This paper proposes a model for job scheduling in a hybrid assembly differentiation flow shops and its algorithm for solving the problems. The initial solution is defined using SPT-based heuristic and it is optimized using variable neighbourhood descend method. The proposed model is tested using a set of hypothetic data. The solution shows that the algorithm can solve the problems effectively.

The increasingly competitive business environment has encouraged many actors to use information and communication technology as a competitive advantage, including the garment industry. So far, difficulties in controlling raw material inventories which causes problems for the production process. If there is a shortage of raw materials, the production process cannot be carried out, on the contrary if the raw material ordered is too excessive it will cause excess and the high cost of raw material inventory. This research develops an information system that can plan the needs of raw materials needed for production. This system is web-based, applying the MRP (Material Requirement Planning) method to develop raw material ordering planning systems, case studies at garment companies, using PHP programming and FIREBIRD databases. This system gets input from the production schedule resulting from production scheduling information system, then provides output in the form of recommendations for scheduling raw material orders. This output can later be used as a reference for the company's operational decisions in planning raw material requirements.

Market rivalry forces manufacturing companies to be customer focus and have an agile system. In manufacturing companies that produce semi-common products based on customer order, the pressure from customers are usually faster delivery, reasonable price and higher product variability. This paper presents the use of Mass Customisation (MC) concept in order to cope with faster delivery and higher product variability. The MC concept is realised by determining Customer Order Decoupling Point (CODP). Besides MC, Theory of Constraint (TOC) concept is also applied in order to address problem that may occurred after MC implementation. Based on a simulation analysis, it shows that CODP implementation could improve delivery lead time and product variability performance dramatically up to 5.15 times compared to existing system. An optimisation algorithm is also proposed for further study in order to improve cost performance of the products.

Project x is an apartment development activities in Tangerang which in the process of construction resulted in the occurrence of noise. Noise is one of the incidents that can be lead to health problems for the surrounding community. Therefore, this research aims to know the spread of noise, the amount of noise reduction that can be reduced by using a hearing protective device and workers' perceptions of noise against hearing loss. The method used is the contour zone. Data used is the result of noise measurement Project x in the daytime and nighttime conditions. The result obtained is the noise level in the project work area during the daytime in area 1, 2 and 3 with a distance of 2 meters are 97.1 dB, 94.4 dB, 93.9 dB, and length of 4 meters are 94.4 dB, 91.5 dB, 93.0 dB and night measurements at a distance of 2 meters are 102.2 dB, 100.1 dB, 96.5 dB, and length of 4 meters are 94.7 dB, 94.7 dB, 97.4 dB. The calculation of day and night above exceeds the noise threshold value set by the Ministry of Labor which is 85 dB. The perception of the worker with the noise disturbances that occur at The Yukata Project. Using hearing protection devices will reduce the noises, but at nighttime conditions in areas 1 and 2 at a distance of 4 meters, the noise level still exceeds the noise threshold value which has been determined by the ministry of labor.

To gain competitive advantages, companies must combine and collaborate with the tangible and intangible assets. The most important intangible assets in companies are people because people have the knowledge to run the companies. Competencies of each individual in a company is a basic characteristic that must be taken into account. The purpose of this research is to improve the quality of human resources of maintenance staff in the manufacturing company by designing competency measurement instrument that aims to assess the competency of employees. The focus of this research is the mechanical expertise of maintenance staff. SECI method is used in this research for managing knowledge that is held by senior employees regarding employee competence in electronic expertise. The SECI method converts the knowledge of a person's tacit knowledge into an explicit knowledge so that the knowledge can be used by others. The knowledge that is gathered from SECI method is converted into a list of competence and break down into the detailed competency. The result of this paper is the competency measurement instrument that aims to assess the competency of employees. Future research can be done to test the instrument and add more specific criteria.

Robust parameter design is used to design product that is robust to noise factors so the product's performance fits the target and delivers a better quality. In the process of designing and developing the innovation product of candied carrot, robust parameter design is done using Taguchi Method. The performance of the candied carrot is evaluated in terms of its percentage of sugar. Orthogonal Array (OA) of Taguchi, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, and main effect were employed to analyze the effect of parameters on the percentage of sugar in the candied carrot. The optimal level is determined based on the highest signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. The analysis of the results shows that the optimal composition for candied carrot are the amount of sugar of 25%, 40%, 50%, 60%, the soaking duration for 8 hours, the amount of cinnamon of 10 grams and the age of carrot of 5 months.

PT. Asam Sulfat is industrial Sulfuric Acid that was able to meet the needs of most battery manufacturers in Indonesia. Problems in production operations were mostly caused by production equipment, such as engine stop suddenly, length of set up and adjustment time and decrease of machine production speed. These results caused a decrease level in the efficiency and effectiveness of the engine. This study aims to identify and analyze the machine and components that dominate the sulfuric acid production process damage. The method of analysis used is the Association Rules Algorithm Apriori. Based on the results of initial identification obtained 23 machines and 9 components are often damaged. The variables analyzed include unit, machine type, component, time to repair and turbidity. Using a minimum value of support 0.1 and confidence 0.9 resulted in 17 rules dominated by low turbidity, especially in AT Pump engines and Gasket components. The High turbidity occurred in patterns with the Ash Pump component, The Time to Repair was high and it happened on the Sulfur Pump engine. By knowing the patterns that occurred absolutely the failure in the production process can be more quickly handled.

Taguchi method is a Design of Experiment approach for parameter optimization of a process. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimum parameters and the most influential parameters in the process of soybean cracking in the dry process of tempeh production. In the process of cracking the dry soybeans found a defect of 14.5%. after applying the Taguchi method and obtaining the optimum parameters, the defect on the dry process of cracking the dry soybeans is reduced to 6.6%. Determination of parameters and levels, objective functions, orthogonal array, signal-to-noise ratio, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) will be done in this study to improve the performance of the soy-cracking process. In this study there are three parameters used in conducting experiments with Taguchi method, three parameters namely distance between stones, hopper outlet diameter, and sun-drying duration. The results of this study are: distance between stones with setting optimum 1mm and percentage contribution 13%; hopper outlet diameter with setting optimum 25mm and percentage contribution 85%; and sun-drying duration with drying optimum 1 day and percentage contribution 2%. the most influential parameter is the hopper outlet diameter in the soybean cracking process, as it determines the soybean discharge that goes into the cracking phase.

PT. Mulya Adhi Paramita is a chemical company that focuses on the distribution of chemicals, but also performs the process of reconditioning used iron drums. In the process of reconditioning drum is still found some waste, for that this research using lean six sigma concept which aims to reduce waste on drum recondition process. This research uses DMAIC stage and using Waste Assessment Model method with the result of 2 biggest waste identification is waste motion and defect which will become priority improvement, using Defect Per Million Opportunity to know sigma level that is equal to 3,77 sigma, Value Stream Mapping with percentage result PCE on CVSM of 16.31%; Process Activity Mapping result is value added time of 60.22 minutes, non value added time of 9.74 minutes, and necessary non value added time of 21.88 minutes. After performing the improvement implementation can be seen the result is the increase in PCE on FVSM of 21.5%, decreased percentage defect by 0.72% and DPMO with sigma level of 3.81 sigma

OV Agency is a marketing, sales and service office under PL Assurance. The issues contained in the OV Agency include a lack of understanding of the client against the types and benefits of unit-linked insurance products taken, causing the client to stop paying the premium (expired) or closing policy (surrender), the problems caused by the agency lacking a detailed explanation lead to misunderstanding by the customer. The purpose of this study is to analyze customer satisfaction and service quality conditions, using Fuzzy-Quality Function Deployment to improve service quality, and use data mining to obtain useful indications based on data obtained from questionnaires and interviews. Questionnaires were made with the results of discussions with OV Agency which were then distributed to 100 customer samples. The results of the questionnaire answers are converted into fuzzy numbers which are then processed by the QFD method to determine the technical response to be performed first. The company uses an optimistic index with a value of 0.5 in carrying out technical responses. The three main priorities of technical responses to be undertaken under the prescribed Fuzzy QFD method are to increase the frequency and quality of training for agents, improve quality standards within the company, and update the methods and techniques used in the training. Data mining is calculating to determine the overall level of customer satisfaction. The satisfactory results of OV Agency customer satisfaction rate, it can be seen from satisfactory posterior probability has the greatest value of 0.0017.

The D'Arcadia Treasure (DAT) is a Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) that made shoes from traditional Indonesian fabrics. The research objective is to design a structured and documented quality control system to make companies easier to control the production process according to the quality standards desired by consumers. The initial stage is to identify of DAT's Critical to Quality that will be the basis for compiling a Quality Plan, then using Statistical Process Control method for the control process and Cost of Quality identification. The results of the initial condition analysis are known there are 5 stages of the main process of making flat shoes as the object of research, namely spraying, pattern making, sewing, assembly, and finishing. Furthermore, the quality control system is designed to be divided into 3, namely raw material receipts, production processes, and finished goods equipped with quality control tools checksheet tables and instructions for use. The results of the implementation and analysis of Failure Mode Effect Analysis obtained the highest RPN value of 224 in the assembly process. The entire series of control processes are carried out with the Plan Do Check Action procedure which is a continuous cycle to be implemented in the company.

Yayasan Pendidikan Telkom is one of the educational foundation that houses several of private education institutions ranging from elementary, secondary, to higher education. The foundation constantly improves the quality of education services as the most important component in carrying out institutional operations in order to always gain the trust of prospective students and the community. The efforts of the educational institutions to improve the quality of services, one of them by implementing a quality management system that refers to the latest edition of ISO 9001. Telkom Junior High School is one of the educational institutions that will now begin to implement ISO 9001: 2015. The teachers and school staff experience many obstacles in preparing to face the implementation of the quality management system. With the exploratory research approach, this study aims to produce an assistance model and describe the stages that will be passed by educational institutions in preparing their institutions to face ISO 9001: 2015. This research is the initial stage of studies that will be conducted and will be more focused on the preparation stage, while the discussion of the implementation phase will be carried out in future research. This assistance model is designed to help educational institutions to implement ISO 9001: 2015 according to plan, and especially so that the preparation process takes place quickly and directed.

Quality of product is the important thing for PT BCCI in order to compete with other chemical industry of surfactant. In the production process of surfactant powder the particle size of the product is bigger than screener with mesh size 30 will produce oversize reaching 30% from every batch of products, indicates there is an issue that to be fixed immediately. This research was to find out the root of problem and action to improve the quality product and increase the output. PDCA and FMEA method were used to resolve these problems. The results are priority problem that needs to be improved based on the highest RPN value is the machine on the product evaporation system is the less working Vacuum maximum and the product temperature is less high. The product temperature need increase to 60ºC which was previously 58ºC and pressure on Vacuum <50 mbar. After improvement was applied the results obtained where the value of Cpk increased from 0.163 in the previous study to 3.609 and Oversize decreased from 30% to 20% in each batch process, this is in accordance with the target to be issued with the Oversize percentage below 30% in each process.

Quality and reliability engineering technique are widely used as improvement tools in manufacturing industries, involving the design experiments, quality function deployment (QFD), and survival analysis, focuses on improving the lifecycle of products. However, started at early last decade, some researches in improving the service lifecycle in some service industry consider to implements design of experiment in service industry, followed by other tools such as QFD, and the reliability engineering tools. This research proposed alternatives incorporated quality and reliability engineering methods in evaluating and improving the lifecycle of service. Starting with evaluating the weaknesses of service using SERVQUAL method, finding the improvement plan by implementing QFD, designing the robust service design using Taguchi designed experiment methods, and then implementing survival analysis for ensuring the reliability of designed services. This framework has successfully implemented in designing and evaluating existing airport service system with some recommendation generated in.

Surabaya is known nationally as the pioneer of e-government in Indonesia, as time goes Surabaya's e-government started to provide online services for permits and licenses. One of the service that they provide is business license known as Surat Izin Usaha Perdagangan/Tanda Daftar Perusahan (SIUP/TDP). With this service, citizens are able to take care of such licenses online. This research discussed about citizen's level of acceptance of the online service and identifying factors that influence the acceptance of online SIUP/TDP in Surabaya using Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The factors that influenced the acceptance level were measured through questionnaire survey for 100 respondents who already experienced the service. The data is then analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM). The result shown that 8 of 9 hypotheses are failed to be rejected. Three solutions can be proposed to improve the level of acceptance of the service namely: animated guidance, better socialization campaign, and scheduled site maintenance.

In a bakery, an operator needs a working tool for bread production process. To avoid injury and inconvenience the tool should be suitable and appropriate for the operator's body posture and workload. Operators' assistive device produced is trolley rack. Value engineering approach is carried out on this tool to identify and develop its functions in achieving the balance among cost, reliability and appearance of the product. The work-plan is divided into several development stages: creative stage, analysis stage, development stage and recommendation stage. Product value is determined by comparing between product benefits and product costs. This study employs Function Analysis System Technique (FAST) method which consists of 5 stages, namely information, creative, analysis, development and presentation/recommendation stages. The recommendation stage explains the best alternative design. The results show that alternative II has the highest performance value which is 97.16 and the highest rating of 0.45. It is rated as the best design and has good product durability.

The effects of cocoa clones and fermentation time on the physical and chemical characteristics of cocoa beans has been examined. This study used cocoa pods of superior clones, namely Sulawesi 1, Sulawesi 2, and MCC 02 clones cultivated in East Luwu, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Prior to the fermentation, the mature cocoa pods were stored for six days. Fermentation took place for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours using fermentation boxes made of styrofoam with the capacity of box is 7 kg of wet beans. The drying of the cocoa beans used sun drying method. The results showed that the interaction between fermentation time and type of clones have significantly affected moisture content, proportion of cocoa nibs and shells, and fat content; but the interaction of the both had no significant effect on pH of cocoa nibs and FFA content. In general, the Sulawesi 2 clone had better physical and chemical characteristics than those of the Sulawesi 1 and MCC 02 clones.

Government power plants cannot supply all electricity demand in East Kalimantan Province especially if there is damage to the power plant with the largest production capacity, so cooperation with other suppliers needs to be done. There are four stakeholders that can supply electricity, namely State Electricity Company (SEC), Independent Power Producer (IPP), Rent, and Excess Capacity (EC). Each supplier has different power generation characteristics that lead to differences in fuel costs and emissions. This research proposes 4 mathematical models. The models are scenarios 4 forms of cooperation between electrical stakeholders in East Kalimantan taking into consideration the potential of renewable energy (RE) power plants. This mathematical model is solved with a heuristic algorithm solver excel. The result, the best scenario by integrating three power plants owned by SEC, IPP and RE. Whereas collaboration with the smallest emissions is SEC + Rent + RE.

The agricultural distribution problem of Rural Logistics System is addressed in this paper to improve farmers' income by minimizing annual total cost. The system consists of three entities: (i) logistics terminal, (ii) distribution warehouses, and (iii) industries. The logistics terminal collects agricultural products from farmers' crops, which are stored in distribution warehouses, which are further distribution based on demand of industries. This study developed non-linear mix integer programming model to minimize the annual total costs by incorporating (i) the approach of coordinated planning system, (ii) concept of echelon stock, (iii) single time cycle policy and (iv) transportation route. Many constraints were developed using various criteria. Feasible solution to the mathematical model was obtained by using heuristics method by Clarke and Wright.

Supply chain management has become a crucial aspect of the performance of industries and companies as it manages the flow of goods, services, and information in order to fulfil customers need while reducing the total costs. In order to reduce the production total cost, e-procurement is introduced. E-procurement means of reducing cost is by shortening cycle time and create a simpler procurement process. The aim of this research is to develop a vendor management and e-procurement system using the Android platform. The developed system is hoped to be able to even shorten the cycle time, ease vendor selection and provide a more flexible and convenience procurement process. Through data measurement and documentation review, the developed system was tested against these three parameters for their validity. In the end, this research summarizes the test result and conclude based on the test result that those parameters are achieved in the developed vendor management and e-procurement system.

The stakeholders in the palm oil supply chain (POSC) are the smallholder farmers who produce fresh fruit bunch (FFB), the traders, CPO factory who produces CPO from FFB, refinery who transformed CPO into frying oil, the distributors/retailers, and the consumers. The palm oil tree regularly produces FFB from its third until 24^th year of life.The output of the farmers is measured in its weight (tonnes), so are the outputs of the trader, the CPO factory, the refinery, and the distributors/retailers. However the input to the farmer must be measured differently because the main raw materials are bought in the form of seedling or young palm-oil tree, to be planted on the field and regularly bear FFB to be later sold in tons. The objective of this study is to build a calculation model to allocate the raw material prices of the seedling. Original Hayami method to calculate single company added value was modified to facilitate calculation of the added value of supply chain network of companies. The calculation is based on the crude palm oil (CPO) factory capacity of processing 30 tons of FFB per hour, calculated for a year. The life-cycle-cost approach was used to calculate the appropriate cost of the raw material. Using this approach the raw material cost is IDR 1,012/kg, and the the total POSC added-value is IDR 13,011 per kg of product. It is expected that the modified Hayami added value calculation method can be later applied to larger and more complex industries.

Electric market deregulation aims to provide flexibility for customers to have many suppliers and low prices. However, market deregulation also provides opportunity for certain parties to manipulate supply, so there is a scarcity of products that result in price increases. Therefore, this research proposes a collaborative strategy for electricity market deregulation using the Multi Echelon distribution model applied in East Kalimantan with dummy data. Collaboration strategy made based on optimization of mathematical models in two stages and three scenarios. The simulation was carried out using Excel Solver covering three regions, dynamic time and estimated price fluctuations over three periods. As a result, Gencos gets the biggest profit when serving basic load. Whereas wheeling occurs, the D4 region is a strategic area that generates the largest profit compared to the D1 and D6 regions.

Textile and textile product industries are one of prioritized industries to be developed for its strategic roles in national economy, e.g. contributing to foreign exchange, absorbing a large number of labours, and serving to meet national clothing need. TTP industry has a relatively complex supply chain. Problems in supply chain in companies implementing supply-chain management (SCM) that may occur, among others, are those related to supply-chain mapping. This SCM is used to carry out monitoring, controlling, and identifying position of an organization relative to its competitor and to objectives that they want to achieve. One of companies engaging in TTP industry is FBS Small and Medium Industry (SMI) owned by Mr. Rico since 2004. The company is a make-to-stock manufacturer which produce boys clothing ranging from jeans, t-shirts, to shirts. We conducted interview with experts in the company. Data was collected from the interview with the experts (CEO of the company and his reliable assistant). Based on discussion of FBS SMI supply-chain, it was concluded that basically the flow from suppliers to consumers was same in each production area. Raw materials are transferred from Kebayoran Headquarter to each production areas spread across Java Island, e.g. Jakarta, Pandeglang, Central Java, and Sukabumi, with different CMTs. It is expected that supply-chain mapping analysis of this company is able to clarify the flow of production from raw materials to finished goods reached by consumers.

Good risk management will reduce the impact and risk of an event. In this study discussed the risks that may arise in the wooden toy industry supply chain and how to manage these risks. The calculation divided into three phases; there are risk mapping, risk assessment, and risk management. House of Risk (HOR) is used in calculating potential risks and Analytical Network Process (ANP) is used to choose the best strategy for supply chain risk management. Followed by HOR calculation, risk that has the greatest value and selected as potential risk is the risk of price/cost fluctuations with an ARP value of 432. The strategy of this risk is grouped based on 2 causes, namely raw material price fluctuations and poor management. With ANP calculations, the strategy for raw material price fluctuations are understanding and determining the quantity of material used (28.14%) and combining woods with various commodities (23.23%). Then the alternative for poor management are doing strategic financial accounting (54.48%) and doing financial planning (33.07%).

Distribution process of the horticultural products in Kabupaten Malang is affected by many factors. The distribution factors need to be identified to find the potential risks arise from every problem, in order to anticipate the barriers and losses. This research is conducted using the Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR) method in identifying risks and their risk agents, and using the House of Risks (HOR) method in analysing every risk to determine the mitigation strategies. The results for STA Mantung discovered 15 risks with 23 risk agents. From these 23 risk agents, 12 major risk agents were selected and analysed to determine risk mitigation strategies. There are 14 horticultural mitigation strategies. With these risk management and mitigation strategy the STA Mantung shall be better prepared to face them.

Article 33 of the1945 Constitution clearly states that all vital factors of production, called strategic industries, are controlled by the state and to be use for the prosperity of Indonesian people. This article implies that the strategic industries supply chain should be managed accordingly. The fourth amendment of the 1945 Constitution offers a macro framework as principles to conduct the supply chain. They are Togetherness, Efficiency of justice, Continuity, Environmental perspective and Self-Sufficiency. Furthermore, the framework can be used to build performance measurement indicators for the supply chain. Currently the method that is widely used to measure supply chain performance is the Supply Chain Operation Reference (SCOR). This study studied the relations of the strategic industries principle and performance indicators within the SCOR. Twelve professionals and researchers are interviewed as respondents to investigate those relations. More than 90% respondents agreed that; (1) the principle of togetherness is strongly related to Reliability, Responsiveness and Agility; (2) Efficiency of justice is strongly related to Responsiveness; (3) Continuity is strongly related to Agility; (4) Environmental Perspective is strongly related to Green Supply Chain, and; (5) Self-Sufficiency is strongly related to Responsiveness. Therefore, SCOR performance measurement attribute is related with the strategic industries principles.

The use of lean six sigma in manufacturing industry has been more intense in the past decade. This method comprises two concepts: lean and six sigma, each with its own objectives. Lean is a concept that aims to optimize the value stream process by eliminating all kind of waste. Meanwhile, the goal of six sigma is to increase process capability in the value stream by aiming for zero defects and reduced process variation. The supply chain performance of manufacturing companies is determined by the ongoing internal activities reflected in the value stream, therefore both lean and six sigma applications are hypothesized to have an impact on the performance. Based on the reviewed literature, this study aims to produce a framework that can be used to explain the impact of lean and six sigma on supply chain performance. In the proposed framework, lean indicators are reflected in just-in-time, quality management and employee involvement, whereas six sigma indicators are characterized by the six sigma variables. At the other end of the equation, supply chain performance is defined by four constructs which are supplier selection, production, delivery and logistic performance, and warehouse.

This keynote paper illustrates the theory and evolution of Supply Chain Management (SCM) as well as highlights chronological prospective of SCM in terms of time frame in different areas of manufacturing and service industries. The objective of SCM is to incorporate activities across and within organizations for providing the customer/stakeholders value. Supply Chain Management (SCM) has been widely researched in numerous application domains during the last few decades. Despite the popularity of SCM research and applications, considerable confusion remains as to its meaning, there are several attempts made by researchers and practitioners to appropriately define SCM. This paper demonstrates Educational Supply Chain Management, Integrated Tertiary Educational Supply Chain Management (ITESCM) model, as the application of SCM in the service industry, which would add the values towards academia. ITESCM model were identified and confirmed by 493 respondents, representing experts and administrators, faculty, staffs of the university, employers, graduates, etc. The resulting model was subsequently evaluated for accuracy and validity by multiple linear regressions (MLR) analysis and the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique. The research model provides a novel approach for decision makers of each supply chain components to review and appraise their performance toward fulfillment of ultimate goals i.e. producing high-caliber graduates and high-impact research outcomes, which represent two main contributions, for the betterment of the end customer, i.e., the society.