Table of contents

Within the framework of the presented material, the results of the conducted IV International scientific and practical conference «Actual problems of the energy complex: mining, production, transmission, processing and environmental protection» (APEC-IV-2021).

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the Professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Double Anonymous

• Conference submission management system: Morressier

• Number of submissions received: 138

• Number of submissions sent for review: 138

• Number of submissions accepted: 76

• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 55.1

• Average number of reviews per paper: 2

• Total number of reviewers involved: 26

• Contact person for queries:

Name: Gibadullin Arthur

Email: apec2021@itidms.ru

Affiliation: State University of Management, Moscow, Russian Federation

Shutdown for maintenance of generating equipment is crucial when planning repairs. In the analysis of this issue, it is necessary to understand the nature of the problem and find ways to solve it. It is necessary to define the concept of reliability in general and reliability of power systems in particular. The article examines electric power systems, their properties and elements. The relationship between functions and properties of energy systems is analyzed, and the main functions (associated with operation of generating equipment and its production) are described. The concept of function means that the object has a task that is being performed. In turn, fulfillment or non-fulfillment of the task is related to the concept of reliability. Reliability is a property of an object to perform a given function associated with its purpose, accounting for the given constraints

We analyze the problems of using waste products of the forestry sector for energy purposes with the central ecological zone of the Baikal natural area as the case study. From the standpoint of the energy sector, the two main problems that hinder the spread of wood fuel are discussed: pricing and transport of the end product. From the standpoint of the forestry sector, the main problem is the transport of wood from logging sites. We investigate the influence of the annual amount of wood feedstock at wood processing enterprises on the optimal method of wood waste recycling. It is concluded that, at present, wide adoption of fuel pellets and wood chips proves impossible unless supported by state measures.

The problem of long-term storage of fuel remains relevant for the sparsely populated and inaccessible regions of the Arctic and Priakticheskoy zones. To ensure the heating season, lasting 9-11 months, it is necessary to import diesel fuel during the summer period during navigation, since in winter there is no access to the regions of the North by land. By the decision of the government, large volumes of diesel fuel are imported under the programs for the provision of the northern and arctic regions, so 740 thousand tons of fuel was imported to the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in 2020. This amount of fuel is not assimilated in one season and this fuel is stored in tanks. Where, during long-term storage, the quality of raw materials deteriorates. During long-term storage of fuel, depressants do not prevent fuel stratification. Therefore, together with a depressant additive, a paraffin dispersant is used; the composition of such additives includes mainly amides and imides of mono- and dicarboxylic acids. In this article, we have studied the effect of the Dewaxol depressant-dispersant additive on diesel fuel. Considered how at various concentrations and heating temperatures of the fuel, the cloud point decreases and sedimentation stability improves. As a result of the study, it was found that the best sedimentation stability is possessed by a fuel with a high content of a depressant-dispersant additive. In addition, fuel with an additive concentration of 0.1 wt% has the maximum depressant effect and heated to 60 °C.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the features of changes in global energy consumption over the past two decades of the 21st century. The influence of world crises on energy and demographic parameters is shown. The analysis of the observed changes is carried out on the example of twelve countries that make the main contribution to world energy consumption.

In the article, the authors investigated a device for testing the insulation of electrical equipment with increased voltage. Insulation in electrical devices is an essential design element. The dielectric strength of the insulation is determined by its ability to withstand the continuous rated voltage for which the installation is designed. But in some cases, the strength of the insulation may deteriorate due to moisture or defects. Defects can be air inclusions in solid or liquid dielectric. These air inclusions further create conditions for the occurrence of partial discharges. The article discusses the test schemes that exist today to determine the margin of dielectric strength of insulation. The article presents a diagram of the developed device of the installation for testing insulation based on a single design and technological component. The presented device has a smaller weight and size and more effective voltage gain. The results of mathematical modeling, proving an improvement in gain in comparison with analogs, are given.

At present science is focused on solving the ecological problems of mankind. The transport sector is a major consumer of fossil fuels and the largest emitter of harmful gases. Electric and hybrid vehicles offer solutions to the most important environmental problems facing humankind.

This article is devoted to restoring the energy balance through the integration of alternative energy sources and information technologies, the interconnectedness of which will increase the efficiency of both private and public processes. The aim of the work is to study the decarbonization of the economy and energy systems in the development of renewable energy sources. A comparative analysis of foreign countries that use the largest resources, some are still not used. The study of the territories showed that Russia has significant potential with a concentration of renewable energy sources. Based on the results of the work performed, primary signs of decarbonization of energy in climatic development, bottlenecks of energy systems were identified, and directions of alternative energy in Russia were proposed for energy stabilization. The article is supplied with graphic materials and tables, as well as a detailed description of each stage of the study.

In this work, the study of the possibility of environmentally friendly synthesis and the process of phase formation in the aluminum-vanadium-oxygen system was carried out. The materials obtained were characterized using the methods of X-ray phase composition, BET. The fundamental possibility of obtaining mixed vanadium (III-V) oxide is shown. The mechanism of the formation of the material composition in the V-Al-O system in the course of redox reactions is discussed. It is shown that additional heat treatment at a temperature of 1173 K leads to the formation of a composite material V₂O₅ – Al₂O₃. The research results can be useful for the development of a hardware-friendly and economical method for the synthesis of complex oxide compounds.

Foreign experience in the development of innovative technologies for the energy industry contributes to the reassessment of traditional modern energy production, transformation, transportation, distribution and consumption technologies in terms of information innovations, the global automation of control processes and the energy intellectualization. The role of technological processes is reduced and the role of control systems and information technologies is growing. A transition to smart energy and intelligent systems can be observed. The role of leading energy sources is changing with a shift from fossil fuels to renewable and new energy sources; energy efficiency is improving; increasing energy efficiency has become a sustainable and key element of energy development; a transition from the commodity market to the energy services and energy technology markets can be observed; a large sector of energy services for energy saving management and optimization has been created. It will be the basis for improving energy efficiency. To ensure the transition to an innovative path of development, it is necessary to re-equip the energy industry with advanced equipment, to implement resource-saving technologies, to raise the level of training and qualification of personnel, to create conditions for effective implementation of scientific and technical achievements, to implement higher standards of reliability and quality of electricity supply and new forms of management and financing.

The article presents an algorithm for calculating and predicting the integral index of a building's heat supply system, based on a group of criteria for energy efficiency and reliability. The fundamentals of the mathematical apparatus for calculating the reliability index are given. The minimum set of data required for calculating the reliability index has been formulated. The algorithm used in the developed software is presented, the features of the formation of the program interface are shown. The article provides an example of calculating the integral index using the example of a simplified heat supply scheme for an office building in Moscow. Conclusions are drawn about the applicability of the proposed model.

The article analyzes the components of the energy structure based on carbon-free energy, shows the catalysts and risks. An assessment of the reserves for increasing the energy efficiency of large cities in Russia is presented on the example of the Moscow metropolis. The ranking of the technical and economic feasibility of introducing modern energy-saving technologies based on a large-scale analysis of projects implemented in Moscow is given. Revealed and assessed the magnitude of the effects of the main stakeholders of "green building": city; investor and owner of premises; resident and tenant; specialist-designer, engineer, architect. Sectors are shown that are most expedient both from the point of view of the achieved effects, and from the point of view of achieving the maximum economic effect.

The work is devoted to the thermal calculation of the fuel element of a nuclear reactor. Attention was paid to the mathematical modeling of the temperature field under boundary conditions of the first kind. Approximations of the dependence of the thermal conductivity of uranium oxide on temperature in the form of a quadratic function were used for numerical modeling.

Oil and gas producing enterprises at all stages of the life cycle have a negative impact on the components of the natural environment: atmosphere, soil, surface water bodies and groundwater. One of the serious environmental problems is the formation of drilling sludge during the construction of wells for oil and gas production. Some enterprises have debts on illiquid sludge barns. One of the reasons for this state of affairs is the shortcomings in the calculation of the actual volumes of sludge formed during drilling. The analysis of the existing methods for calculating drilling waste, literature sources and available materials for calculating the volume of drilling mud has revealed certain inaccuracies (errors) in calculating the volume of drilling mud and some unaccounted factors associated with the operation of drilling tools. A computational experiment was carried out and, using the example of one of the oil and gas producing enterprises, a comparison of the volumes of drilling sludge was made, taking into account possible errors, and a discrepancy of 181 m³ of drilling sludge per well was revealed. The elimination of errors in the calculation of waste generation standards and limits on their placement during the construction of wells will allow to adjust the volume of drilling waste generated and prevent the occurrence of possible environmental problems at the sites of well construction.

The work is relevant and urgent at the present time due to the consequences of the emergency situation in the countries. Therefore, it became necessary to restructure the work of industrial facilities in order to improve environmental protection with the help of the work of employers and people. In the study, scientists identified the positive and negative aspects of the use of energy in the ecology of the globe, improving the cleanliness of work in the production of enterprises, and also studied the materials (documentation) in the field of regulation of renewable energy sources in the implementation of production in organizations. The article analyzes the international reports of the energy industry, researches of scientists, past international conferences. With the aim of preserving the environment and supporting the ecology in every state and enterprises, there is a need to use natural resources for mixed use of energy through power grids or renewable energy sources. The main theses on the preservation of the environment and the suspension of its pollution, the rise in the purity of the ecological world have been formed.

The results of the development of a universal control circuit for a triggering polarized electromagnet for a low voltage vacuum contactor are presented. The circuit is implemented in the form of a printed wiring block and is unified with an element base with a control circuit for the KV2-160, KV2-250 vacuum contactors commercially produced by the domestic industry. The developed design of an electromagnetic drive with magnetic memory based on high-coercive permanent magnets is described. The working cycle of an electromagnet with a ferromagnetic shunt for the implementation of a manual return unit for the purpose of its use in emergency or necessary technological modes is considered. A block for manual return of contacts of a vacuum contactor using an eccentric transmission has been developed and implemented, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the effort of manual operation when returning the shunt to its original position for the operation of the contactor in normal mode. The classical graphical-analytical method for calculating magnetic circuits with permanent magnets has been modernized. The fundamentals of the modernized method for calculating magnetic circuits with permanent magnets are considered. The positive results of approbation of the developed calculation methods, which were implemented in the development of a vacuum contactor with magnetic memory and the function of manual return of the electromagnet armature and opening of the main contacts for the serial production of contactors, are noted.

The article examines the issues of availability of energy resources and energy production in the BRICS countries in the context of sustainable development. The study also analyzes the energy balance and the share of energy sources produced in the BRICS countries. The article describes a contribution of the BRICS countries to global energy demand and production. Using statistics and reports of leading energy experts, a forecast of future consumption and demand was developed. It shows a significant increase in both global demand and energy production. The study proposes measures aimed to address the problems hindering the development of the energy sector in the BRICS countries.

Experimental studies of the influence of cryogenic flow parameters (pressure, mass flow rate, etc.) on the processes of chilling of the model tracts and the current-carrying capacity of the HTSC cable in the model of the hybrid system have been carried out. The results of an experimental study of the processes of chilling of ducts, their cryostatting in a transport duct at subcritical and supercritical pressures are analyzed.

The article discusses modern views on the problem of pipeline waxing when transporting highly paraffinic oil from the Kyrtaelskoye field in the Komi Republic via the Kyrtael - Chikshino oil pipeline and possible ways to improve the rheological properties of the pumped oil. The paper presents the results of measuring the rheological characteristics of samples from one batch of oil as it flows through the pipeline, as well as the results of modeling the operation of the pipeline in the NIPAL 3.0 program for various pumping options. It has been established that, taking into account the complex rheological properties of oil pumped through the interfield oil pipeline PPSN "Kyrtael" - PSP "Chikshino", the operation of the oil pipeline is possible at pumping volumes of at least 2300 tons / day due to an increase in the critical operating pressure in the oil pipeline. At the moment, a Flexoil depressant is injected into the oil stream to improve the rheological parameters. In connection with a gradual decrease in the volume of oil pumping, the speed of oil movement decreases and the temperature of the pumped oil decreases below the pour point. Even with the use of a pour point depressant, the pipeline will not be able to operate at the beginning of 2024 (according to the existing operation scheme). The analysis of the problem of pumping oil through an interfield oil pipeline performed in this work shows the need to achieve optimal parameters for pumping oil during the operation of the pipeline under consideration in order to ensure the safety of oil transportation from the Kyrtaelskoye field and further pumping into the system of Transneft-Sever JSC into the Usa-Ukhta main oil pipeline. The paper considers standard methods of oil heating with the help of line heaters, as well as the method of oil heating on the linear part of the interfield oil pipeline using induction flow heaters, which were first proposed when pumping oil through the oil pipeline PPSN "Kyrtael" - PPSP "Chikshino".

Compensators of electrodynamic repulsion forces of closed electrical contacts are designed to increase the stability of the operation of switching electrical devices when short-circuit currents flow. The possibilities of increasing the efficiency of electrodynamic compensators (one-loop and two-loop) in their traditional design are very limited. The paper analyzes an electrodynamic compensator for high-current contacts, in which the free end of the inactive contact included in the design of the compensator with contact pads is bent 180 degrees towards the axis of rotation of the inactive contact. As a result of this, the shoulder, on which the electrodynamic force of repulsion of the contacts acts, decreases. In such a design, the moment of repulsion of the contacts will also be less and the fulfillment of the condition for its full compensation is facilitated. Formulas are given for calculating the additional electrodynamic force of the considered compensator and its contour coefficient. Calculations of the additional electrodynamic effort of the breaker compensator for a rated current of 630A with a short-time withstand current of 40kA have been performed. With the length of the bent part of the inactive contact equal to 25% of the total length of the current loop, the resulting electrodynamic force of the compensator increases by 4.69%. In this case, a 25% reduction in the torque that is repulsive to the contacts occurs.

The main reasons for the occurrence of oil outbursts from burning reservoirs are considered. To prevent the release of oil from a burning reservoir, they must be forced and intensively mixed using bottom sediment systems. Measures for pumping oil from burning reservoirs are proposed.

One of the trends in global energy development in recent years has been the rapid growth of renewable energy sources, driven by new technologies. Large hydro power plants can be considered as traditional renewable energy sources. Among the new technologies, solar, wind, biomass and geothermal power generation have taken the lead. This paper is devoted to a comparative analysis of existing types of renewable energy sources in order to identify the most promising ones to ensure the implementation of the Doctrine of the Energy Security of the Russian Federation as a further development of the economy, taking into account global trends.

B The transition from traditional ion exchange technologies of water desalination to baromembrane technologies is fully justified from the point of view of ecology. Baromembrane technologies are more expensive methods of preparing additional water for thermal power plants. Therefore, it is necessary in each case to assess the feasibility of upgrading individual nodes of the technological scheme of water treatment. This is especially true for thermal power plants with supercritical parameters, since the preparation of additional water of appropriate quality is possible only with the combined use of reverse osmosis and electrodeionization methods or with the combination of reverse osmosis and ion exchange methods.The article considers one of the possible options for choosing the optimal water treatment scheme based on the analysis of water quality after each stage of purification, the costs of introducing new methods of water treatment, the requirements for the qualification of personnel and environmental indicators of the water treatment plant.

The growth of traction current leads to losses of electrical energy in the traction rail network, which entails losses for railway companies, including the Russian Railways holding. Additional losses arise due to the deterioration of the resistance of the elements, which occurs in a shorter time in terms of sections on which the movement of trains of increased mass and length is not carried out. Equations for estimation of the power and electrical energy losses in the DC traction rail network have been obtained. These equations are applicable both for the calculation at the sections of the circulation of freight trains, the mass of which does not exceed the weight norm established by the schedule on the route of this train, and taking into account the correction for the passage of long and heavy trains. A simulation model that makes it possible to assess the power losses in a section of a traction rail network depending on changes in the resistance of both individual elements and entire groups that make up the traction rail network, as well as to analyze the effect of the transition resistance rail-ground on the magnitude of leakage currents has been prepared. The need to constantly maintain the elements of the traction rail network in a working condition is determined. It is explained by a significant increase in losses in electrical energy when passing trains of increased weight and length, even with minor deviations of the resistance values from those established by the regulatory documentation. To maintain an operable state and reduce the likelihood of the appearance of faulty elements of the traction rail network, entailing the loss of electrical energy, it is proposed to develop automated monitoring systems for the traction rail network, which ensure the adoption of decisions on the need for maintenance or repair of an element of the traction rail network and transmit information about this repair personnel on duty.

The digital training ground of Sevastopol State University (SevSU) is a physical model of a section of an intelligent distribution network of a new generation. In this article, a semi-Markov model of the distribution network section of the SevGU digital training ground is built. The reliability stationary characteristics of the considered section of the network are determined, two cases of consumer nutrition are considered. A numerical example of finding the reliability stationary characteristics using the obtained in the article formulas is given. The obtained results make it possible to analyze the reliability and efficiency of the distribution network sections.

The article presents results of heavy metals (HMs) monitoring in system "atmospheric air - water - soil - crop production" on three territories with different levels of pollution where agricultural fields and livestock complexes are situated. Highly hazardous Cd, Pb, Zn and moderately hazardous Cu are priority HMs for Ryazan region. A direct relationship has been established between the concentration of heavy metals on territories of different ecological conditions, as evidenced by the high concentration ratios of toxicants in environmental objects. The total pollution of facilities in JSC Avangard in Ryazan district, located within the regional center of Ryazan, is 13 % and 33 % higher in comparison with other two farms, which is explained by the entry of HMs into the environment with emissions and discharges of enterprises, their sedimentation into other environments.

The material provides an analysis of the number of organizations developing/using advanced production technologies, as well as the number of advanced production technologies developed and used in energy sector. The article concludes with data on the effects (or lack thereof) of the introduction of advanced production technologies by enterprises (statistical observation participants) and the obstacles to the successful implementation of advanced production technologies.

Filtration of an incompressible liquid (gas) in a non-deformable porou s medium is investigated. The results of numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic features of the flow arising after the passage of the liquid through a layer of an immobile porous medium are presented. An interpenetrating model of multiphase media is used to describe such flows. The porosity and permeability of the porous medium, as well as the force of interfacial interaction, are considered in the framework of compliance with the Kozeny-Karman ratio. The influence of the geometrical shape of the bulk layer on the nature and magnitude of the inhomogeneity of the flow velocity behind the obstacle is shown. Considering the shape of the porous medium significantly affects the flow parameters. Numerical simulation results are compared with experimental data. The effects of the non-uniformity of the fluid velocity field arising from the curvature of the layer surface and the influence of the arising inhomogeneity on the velocity are investigated by the methods of a computational experiment. A qualitative comparison is made of velocity inhomogeneities when a fluid flows through a porous obstacle. For the numerical implementation of the filtration equation of the interpenetrating model, a SIMPLElike algorithm was used.

The article discusses the gas turbine electric power stations model creation on the converted aircraft engines basis. Simulation is necessary for the development and control algorithms computer testing for such electric power stations. For this, the developed control algorithms must be tested in various situations arising during the power stations operation. It is well known that it is difficult or impossible to reproduce the most critical modes in real operation and on test benches. Therefore, such studies are carried out on mathematical models, using various designs semi-natural stands, in which real control equipment is interfaced with a mathematical model that reproduces the electrical system behavior. The article discusses a possible solution to this problem: for individual characteristic modes, simplified, fast-solving models with a limited adequacy area, but with high performance, are built. The article proposes to assign the task of constructing such models to an artificial neural network. This opens up additional opportunities for reducing the time required to obtain such models, for example, by using neural networks that have already been trained for a different mode, which in the future will allow expanding the adequacy area of the created neural network models.

In our changing world, innovative technologies play an important role in the development of the fuel and energy industry. The use of green energy and the gradual abandonment of hydrocarbons are gaining popularity due to their negative impact on the environmental situation in the world. This phenomenon gives a new direction in the development of innovative technologies whose main purposes are to improve efficiency of energy consumption, to reduce costs and emissions into the atmosphere. The problems of the fuel and energy sector are serious, as this sector is a dangerous polluter of the environment. According to the Paris Agreement, governments have adopted laws and created zero-emission roadmaps to reduce emissions and support developing countries. The article describes innovative technologies that contribute to the development of the global fuel and energy sector, and forecasts when this sector will become environmentally friendly. At the current stage of development of the fuel and energy sector, the most popular energy source is hydrogen, as it is considered to be an incentive to improve efficiency of traditional energy consumption.

The work is devoted to the process of gorenje. Attention was paid to mathematical modeling of the flame temperature field under boundary conditions of the third kind. This takes into account convective heat transfer.

The main goal of the work is to assess the possibility of minimizing the design time of nuclear reactors. The achievement of the goal is facilitated by the development of hierarchical models of neutron-physical calculation of the reactor. The models assume the use of a single software package, which eliminates errors associated with the inconsistency of mathematical models used at different levels. The work uses the well-known MCU code, developed by specialists of the NRC "Kurchatov Institute" and the author's codes. To analyze the void reactivity effect in fast reactors with a traditional geometric shape of the core, a two-level model is used. For studies of a strip zone reactor, an intermediate level of hierarchy is required: a three-level model is used. The subsystem of the lower level is characterized by the minimum time spent on calculations. It allows you to estimate the exact upper bound of the void reactivity effect. Thus, at the stage of preparing a technical proposal, it is possible to limit ourselves to using only the lower-level model, which will reduce the research time by an order of magnitude. This model made it possible to quickly solve a number of practical problems. The significance of research is determined by the possibility of easy adaptation of the model to reactors of different types and to use as the base code of any software package for precision neutron-physical calculation of the reactor. There is no need to use a third-level subsystem to analyze the void reactivity effect in reactors with an unconventional core or low-power reactors. The subsystem gives highly overestimated void effect results. The proposed models are used for post-optimization analysis, computational experiment, and parameterization procedures.

The analysis of existing heating systems in Russian cities was carried out. The predominant systems in most cities are centralized from CHPPs, industrial and district boiler houses. The functional structure of the city of Voronezh is analyzed - the system of centralized heat supply of the city is divided between different legal entities transfer of heat energy to consumers. The main problems of the city heat supply are considered. Proposed a set of measures to improve the efficiency of the heat supply of Voronezh, such as the introduction of an electronic model of heat supply of the city and the use of technical means to improve energy efficient mode of heating networks. Comparison of the existing available capacity of heat supply sources and perspective heat load in each of the allocated zones of sources was carried out.

The intelligent electricity metering system is designed to collect data from electricity meters in an automatic mode (i.e. without the direct participation of the electricity consumer and other persons). Intelligent energy metering systems rely on a network of smart meters and have a number of new features: bidirectional interaction with meters; automated processing and storage of large amounts of data; flexible and user-friendly interface; active involvement of consumers in the process of energy management

The calculation method for a water distributor of a constant cross section uniformly perforated along the height for a multilayer stratified thermal storage tank used in solar heating and hot water supply systems was developed.

A method is proposed and the possibilities of using the application program Simulink of the MATLAB package for analyzing the characteristics of a special electric drive based on an asynchronous electric motor are considered. A special feature of the electric drive is the working machine. The moment of resistance of the working machine depends non-linearly on the speed of the electric drive. The actuator uses system Direct Torque Control. Methods for analyzing the stability of the operation of an electric drive in the most severe operating modes - starting and changing the control action - are considered.

The article considers the influence of chemical bond components (covalent character C_C, metallic character C_M and ionic character C_I, in %) in homo- and heteronuclear substances and materials on their classification into classes of electrical conductivity: conductors, semiconductors and dielectrics. Consideration of the influence of the chemical bond type (via C_C, C_M, C_I) on the nature of the electrical conductivity properties of homo- and hetero compounds and respective materials showed the influence of all three components of the chemical bond on it. As a result, it became possible to classify homonuclear compounds of elements by electrical properties into three groups of materials: conductors - C_C < C_M; semiconductors - C_C ≍ or > C_M; dielectrics - C_C > C_M. A good correlation of the ratio of these components with the values of their electrical resistivity, the width of the band gap and the type of conductivity was established. It was found that the increase in electrical conductivity in heteronuclear binary materials, in general, is determined by the growth of C_M.

The paper describes an approach for determining the technical state of an axial compressor as part of a gas turbine unit, based on thermogasdynamic parameters that are measured at the operating facility. As a criterion for the technical condition, it is proposed to use the ratio of the actual efficiency of an axial compressor to the reference efficiency in such modes. To do this, it is enough to know the temperatures and pressures of the air at the inlet and outlet of the axial compressor. A method for selecting such modes is described and some features of filtering the operating parameters of a gas turbine plant are noted. In the proposed approach, the choice of modes for analyzing the technical state of an axial compressor is carried out according to the value of the effective power of the gas turbine unit. Some results of determining the criterion of the technical condition of an axial compressor for a gas turbine unit, which drives a centrifugal compressor of natural gas, are presented. Based on the analysis of the degradation of the technical condition criterion, it is possible to determine its predicted value. The results of the work can be used to create automated systems for assessing and predicting the technical condition of drive gas turbine units at their facilities. The application of the obtained results of the work expands the possibilities of servicing gas turbine plants according to the actual state. The proposed approach can be adapted and applied for gas turbine plants for various purposes, as well as for their individual units.

Literature information about the problems in the technology of energy and ceramics is given. In the article the information about the promising directions of development of energy and firing technologies, about the influence of sintering material in the microwave field on the structure and properties of the material and the prospects of this direction in the hydrogen energy industry is considered. The results of firing samples of diatomite with additives of carbonate clay (marl) and NaCl salt in a microwave oven are considered. Microphotographs of the structures of the obtained materials are presented. For compositions of diatomite, a mixture of diatomite, marl and NaCl salt, the results of X-ray diffraction analysis and microphotographs of material structures are considered. For diatomite containing montmorillonite clay, a large exothermic effect in the temperature range 400 - 700 ° C was found upon heating. The composition based on diatomite with the addition of marl and salt passes this temperature range with endothermic effect. A promising direction of research into the technology of synthesis and storage of hydrogen is shown.

The methods of functional integration of discrete electrical and electromagnetic components allow to increase the reliability and efficiency of electrical energy conversion systems, to reduce their weight and dimensions. The authors proposed a solution based on replacing some individual discrete components of a DC voltage boost converter with a multifunctional integrated electromagnetic component (MIEC). The component acts as an inductor and filter capacitor. A computer model of a DC voltage boost converter based on MIEC in the MatLab software package has been developed. The graphs of the output voltage are obtained. The circuits of step-up converters of constant voltage are analyzed. The optimal for the implementation of the replacement of the inductor and the filter capacitor with a multifunctional integrated electromagnetic component has been chosen. A circuit of a DC voltage boost converter based on MIEC is assembled. Oscillograms of the output voltage were taken. The analysis of the computer model and laboratory test sample was carried out.

The article considers the partial discharges impact on busbars of voltage class 20 kV. The composition of a new type insulation includes a dusty inert material, which contributes to an increase in electrical strength. As a result of the tests carried out, the amplitude of partial discharges was recorded. It did not exceed the standard values. Also, areas of partial discharges high-amplitude values were recorded less than busbars without filler.

The article studies the chemical, mineralogical, granulometric composition and type of chemical bond, as well as meso- and macrostructure of bentonite of the Nurlat deposit of the Republic of Tatarstan. By laser diffraction, the average particle size in the studied bentonite was found to be dominated by fractions of particles with a size of less than 10 µm (31.18%) and 10-40 µm (36.99%). The average particle size of bentonite was 45.67 µm. According to X-ray analysis, bentonite is mineralogically represented by montmorillonite with an interplane distance of 15.0 Å (001), muscovite, chlorite, kaolinite, clinoptilolite, albite and quartz. The microstructure of bentonite is formed mainly by large anisometric flattened microaggregates and volumetric isometric aggregates up to 70 µm. The average pore size was 0.23 µm, porosity was 39.2%. The microstructural model was cellular with elements of a spongy structure.

The tasks related to the efficient operation and maintenance of the power equipment in a working condition are considered. In the work, a model is built and a method is proposed for optimizing the intensity of performance indicators, which does not take into account the structure and with instant indexing of failure. At this stage, a lower estimate is obtained for the minimum average unit costs, taking into account the residual resource of the elements of such a system. This makes it possible to provide the required level of emergency repair frequency. The collection and accumulation of such information is in demand when planning subsequent preventive restorations of elements and equipment of electric power enterprises.

An installation for experimental research of thermal and hydraulic processes in hybrid high-power energy transmission systems is considered, in which an increase in power transmission and energy flux density is achieved by the simultaneous transportation of liquid hydrogen or LNG (liquefied natural gas) and in electrical form - using a superconducting cable.

This article is devoted to mathematical models for the study of natural frequencies, static stresses of radial impellers with cover disk for chemical and power engineering, taking into account ecology and their modeling by the finite element method. General form and mathematical model based on the finite element method of a radial impeller with a covering disc from Schiele & Co (Germany). For a numerical study, this wheel is accepted in the technical field in different computing software systems. For example, commercial systems such as ANSYS WORKBENCH, SOLIDWORKS and initiative software packages (BLADIS+) [1] for solving problems of statics, vibrations and calculating the resource of different technical systems. Calculations of natural frequencies and static stresses of a radial impeller of 10 blades for chemical engineering are presented. The results obtained in this work can be safely assumed the study of changes in natural frequencies and static stresses of turbomachines are relevant at the design and refinement stages. These computer calculations make it possible to significantly reduce the volume of expensive experimental studies that pollute the environment, reduce design time and improve ecology.

Small oil fields in the western part of the Tatarstan Republic, localized within single brachyanticlinal structures, have been studied. The main productive oil deposits are confined to the deposits of the Tournaisian stage. The reservoir rocks are leached lumpy-peloid limestones, grainstones. Oil-saturated limestones are predominantly medium- and high-capacity reservoirs. Within the limits of oil deposits, oils are characterized by a weak oxidation state. Their composition is dominated by the middle fractions of hydrocarbons. Only in the bottom part of oil deposits near the oil-water contact is the prevalence of heavy hydrocarbons. This indicates that the oil deposits are in the early stages of formation water flooding. By analogy with the same small oil fields on the eastern side of the Melekesskaya depression, it can be expected that oil inflows will not exceed 6-8 tons/day.

The article examines the role of the oil cluster in the economy of the Samara region. Due to him in 2018-2019. formed about 19% of the gross added value of the region. It unites production, transportation, and oil refining, forming the regional budget, providing employment for the population. The work purpose is to study the oil industry state in the Samara region and determine the features of its development. Within the framework of this study, it is planned to solve the following tasks: - study of statistical data on the Samara region oil cluster state; - identification of patterns and dependencies of its development; -identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the Samara region as an oil-producing territory. The volume of oil production reached 16 million tons of oil per year, and there is a tendency towards its increase. At the same time, the cost of production and electricity consumption are increasing, which indicates the improvement of production technology, the formation of a modern infrastructure of the industry. The problem of inappropriate use of agricultural land under the facilities of the oil sector is emerging. Most of this land is located in the eastern part of the region. In the future damage should reach almost 2.0 billion rubles in year.

The article discusses the issue of increasing the dielectric strength of solid insulation of conduits used in various areas of the electric power industry, chemical and metallurgical industries, as well as in the agro-industrial complex. For a conductor with a voltage class of 6 (10) kV with a specially developed new type of insulating compound, electric strength tests were carried out with a full lightning impulse and one-minute power frequency voltage. As a result of the tests carried out, the functionality of the improved design and the new type of insulation was confirmed.

The article considers the method of calculating solar insolation, the algorithm and the program operation for calculating insolation, the graphs are obtained showing the change in solar radiation due to the influence of weather factors and the location of solar-heat collectors installation. The results of the study of the regionally adapted photoelectric power plant using the developed computer model in the Simulink program are presented. The developed model allows to investigate the influence of the main input parameters, such as: latitude and longitude of the power plant installation, difference between the local official time and Greenwich Mean Time, inclination angle of the solar panel, the simulated day, atmospheric transparency factor, albedo and azimuth angle on the insolation intensity of the photoelectric power plant. The obtained dependences can be taken into account in the optimization of power supply systems that use solar energy conversion.

It is feasible to filter low-concentration liquid waste of electroplating enterprises containing chromium compounds using filter columns loaded with fibrous aluminum-containing waste from the production of glass composites. The hydrodynamic parameters during filtration of wastewater through this material have been experimentally studied. The value of the constant in the Kozeny-Carman equation is determined for different degrees of filling of the filter volume, the total and reaction surface of the fibrous wastes are specified. A dependence for calculating head losses in the filter is proposed.

The article deals with the possibility of determining the consumption of electrical energy by heat pumps. In the course of research experimental measurements have been made and energy characteristics of heat pump have been determined. The parameters of the heat pump, which essentially influence the degree of heat production, are determined. As a result of statistical processing of the experimental data the regression model of heat production by the heat pump is received.

The object of research in this paper is the measurement and information complexes of electricity metering (IIC) AIIS KUE designed for measuring, calculating and storing data on electricity consumption at a substation and include: measuring current transformers (TT); measuring voltage transformers (TN); secondary circuits; three-phase multifunctional electric energy meters; secondary electrical circuits; technical means of data transmission channels. The purpose of the work is to check the points of commercial accounting of the AIIS KUE for compliance with the technical requirements of the wholesale electricity and capacity market (OPEM). Modernization of the existing ASKUE will solve the following tasks: 1. Improving the accuracy of commercial electricity metering; 2. Providing reliable and reliable commercial information on the volumes of transmitted and consumed electricity and capacity for making settlements on the wholesale electricity market between the energy supply organization and consumers.

Improving the energy efficiency of compressor stations is currently an urgent problem in the gas industry. Increasing the pressure of the transported gas by compression with the use of gas turbine units as a compressor drive is the most energy-intensive heat-and-power process. The article discusses modern methods of increasing the energy efficiency of compressor s tations with gas pumping units operating based on gas turbine plants by utilizing the heat of exhaust gases from gas turbine plants. A complex system is considered, which includes a gas pumping unit, a gas turbine unit, a waste heat boiler and an absorption refrigeration machine, which allows preheating the gas in front of the combustion chamber, cooling the air before compression and heating water for the compressor station's own needs by utilizing the heat of flue gases after the waste heat boiler and utilizing low-potential heat of compressed gas air coolers.

The article analyzes the existing systems for storing and supplying fuel for diesel locomotives. A storage and fuel supply system for a diesel locomotive converted to slush -like (geterogenic) liquefied natural gas has been developed, its advantages are performed. The use of the cooling resource of the slurry fuel of a diesel locomotive to reduce the temperature of the charge air has been substantiated. The coefficient of utilization of the cooling resource of slush-like fuel has been derived. A comparison of the theoretical results of the methodology for calculating the heat-and-power indicators of a diesel locomotive engine converted to a slush-like(geterogenic) liquefied natural gas and the results of a computational experiment have been provided.

In electric power systems, intelligent electronic devices monitor the state of an energy facility in real time. The data for monitoring the quality of electricity at the intelligent electronic device is transmitted through current and voltage measuring transformers. The operating modes, when the power transformer is turned on under voltage, as well as in emergency modes, signal distortions occur in the transformer. This paper is concerned with simplest feed forward artificial neural network to estimate the parameters of a distorted signal. The neural network is used to estimate the parameters of the current signal in the secondary winding of the current measurement signal. It is shown that the error in determining the parameters of the current is a few percent. The neural network requires a short time to operate, which potentially allows the use of neural network algorithms in intelligent electronic devices to process current and voltage signals in real time.

The article considers modeling, parameters calculation and analysis of the rural electric networks operating modes, containing power take-off units with multi-level unbalanced power consumption. At the same time, a low-voltage electrical network section fragment is considered as a certain cluster in the structure of an extensive and heterogeneous 0.38 kV network. The model is made for a certain "green network" cluster variant, containing several nodes of highly unbalancing power consumption with a balancing device (BD). Connecting options the BD in various power take-off nodes, including power supply buses, are considered. As a balancing technical means, a device is presented that has a minimum resistance to zero-sequence currents with its power automatically control in a zero-sequence currents function. The main criteria for assessing the currents and voltages unbalanced level are the zero-sequence voltage unbalance coefficient, which characterizes the power quality, as well as the power loss coefficient, which characterizes the increase in power and energy losses in the unbalanced mode. Based on the developed method, algorithm and computer program "Unbalance", the calculation was made and the changes characteristics in the studied indicators were constructed using modern the Matlab graphics editor technologies. The analysis of the studied indicators was carried out, on the which basis the most appropriate node in the electrical network model was determined, where the functioning efficiency of the balancing device will be the greatest.

The possibilities of using blockchain in the electric power sector are analyzed based on a study of key blockchain projects and startups initiated by the world's leading electric power companies, defining the type of blockchain platform, as well as the goals and contribution of each project to improving energy efficiency. The key types of blockchain projects in the electric power industry have been identified. The authors came to the conclusion that in the Russian Federation, despite the large number of startups, including pilot blockchain projects, the demand for such developments is constrained by the insufficient development of the regulatory framework in the field of electricity and tariff regulation. Studying foreign experience of legislative regulation and practical application of blockchain in the electric power industry will make a significant breakthrough in achieving the goals set by the concept of "Digital Transformation 2030"

The current work presents the intermediate results of model development to assess the impact of various defects on the axial compressor operation. Recommendations for adjusting computational models are proposed to conduct gas-dynamic and strength studies of compressor stages and blades, taking into account various defects: verification for the presented models was carried out, which results are also presented in the paper. Based on the verification calculations results some features of CFD modeling are considered, as well as requirements for the investigated defects are indicated. The Discussion section presents the defects classification according to their influence on the compressor operation, which studying is possible using a specially developed mathematical description of blade profiles and blades geometry, as well as considering all the recommendations for computational model adjusting and a general approach to blades modeling defects.

On the basis of quality control methods, the analysis of the causes of technological disturbances (accidents) on overhead power lines was carried out. In particular, the Ishikawa diagram, the Pareto diagram were developed, which made it possible to systematize the main causes of technological violations. The necessity of monitoring the indicators of the reliability of the functioning of overhead power transmission lines by means of information-measuring systems has been substantiated. The structure of an information-measuring system for monitoring parameters that have a negative impact on the functioning quality of overhead power transmission lines is proposed. The proposed system is aimed at ensuring the reliability of the electrical networks operation and improving the quality indicators of services provided to consumers for the transmission of electrical energy.

The article presents the results of the calculation of the thermal parameters of the solar battery of the pilot plant, performed using the ANSYS program. To analyze the influence of various parameters on the efficiency of the solar battery, when setting data in the preprocessor, such parameters as density, thermal conductivity coefficients, and element sizes were varied. Environmental factors were also analyzed, namely, ambient temperature and heat flow. For the developed installation, the choice of training a neural network without a teacher is justified. The results of calculations are presented in the form of graphs and tables, as well as illustrations of the fields of temperature distribution and heat flow.

The article develops systems for the operational assessment of fuel quality indicators, schematic diagrams of sensors, evaluation criteria that allow: to provide the desired values of indicators for the operational assessment and implementation of operational properties of the types of fuel used that determine the quality of the power unit, such as fuel efficiency, emissions of harmful substances, noise level; to identify the main factors at all stages of the transportation process. The article presents the results of a study on the formation of a robust adaptive control method of a power unit based on the developed systems, schemes and evaluation criteria. In order to optimize the control system of the power unit, a three-level information and control model of the fuel quality assessment system on the vehicle has been developed. As a criterion of optimality in terms of the quality of the fuel used, the developed fuel utilization factor of the power unit was used.

The issues of using pipelines of heating networks with modern heat-insulating materials are considered. The features of calculating the estimated cost of a heating main for pipelines with insulation made of recently developed materials are indicated. The graphical dependences of the change in the specific estimated cost on the depth of laying of heat pipes with modern heat-insulating materials are presented. On the basis of the studies carried out by the method of comparison, the most promising insulating material for pipelines of heating networks has been established.

The application of a multifractal approach to assessing the degree of coal disturbance is shown using a series of 2D model configurations of coals and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of coal specimen surfaces. For this, multifractal spectra, also called multifractal signatures, are used, which are suitable for a comprehensive description of the structural organization of the surface of coals with different degrees of disturbance. It is shown that maximum values of the multifractal signatures can be used to assess the degree of coal disturbance, and higher values of the parameters are obtained for coal specimens taken from more disturbed coal seams. As a result of the study, six coal disturbance classes have been identified, corresponding to the disturbance classes for model coal configurations generated for the following disturbance threshold values: 3/9, 4/9, 5/9, 6/9, 7/9 и 8/9.

In mining energy enterprises located at altitudes over 1000 meters above sea level, transport machines are operated in harsh road-climatic conditions, contributing to accelerated wear of equipment and machinery elements. The purpose of the study is related to the assessment and adjustment of the resource of the elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises. The work is devoted to the assessment of the intensity of wear of the elements of machines involved in the transportation of rocks, taking into account the influence of the most significant factors. To assess the resource of elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises, a complex scientific approach was used, taking into account the influence of various combinations of significant factors. The practical significance of the work is associated with planning the need for elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises. The research results, including the simplified mathematical model presented in the article, can be recommended for assessing and adjusting the resource of the elements of transport machines operated in mining energy enterprises.

The work is devoted to the development of a sorption material based on elastic polyurethane foam (PUF) containing waste from agricultural and polymer industries. The fillers were fruit shells of buckwheat grains, rice, acacia sawdust, fruit shells, rice straw, walnut shells and ground corn cobs, hardwood sawdust, polymeric waste of expanded polystyrene foam. Oil from the Romashkinskoye field (Tatarstan) was used as a pollutant. The optimal mass ratio of the components of the material A of the PPU component: B of the PPU component: filler = 1: 0.6: 0.16-0.72 (depending on the type of filler) has been determined. The best absorbing capacity of ∼ 13 g / g is possessed by a material based on polyurethane foam and rice straw. Sorption material for cleaning aquatic ecosystems has a high absorbing capacity not only for petroleum products (diesel fuel, industrial oil), but also for products of inorganic origin (vacuum oil). The sorption material is selective and has a higher absorption capacity with respect to oil than to water, the coefficient of selectivity of absorption is 0.4 for an exposure time of 120 min. The possibility of utilization of waste sorption material by the method of thermochemical degradation using a destructive agent based on PPU component A was investigated. The resulting destructate is a homogeneous liquid, easily combined with BND 60/90 bitumen with the formation of a homogeneous polymer-bitumen binder.

The article discusses and optimizes the system developed by the authors based on closed-cycle hydrogen-thermal storage using external and built-in hydrogen-oxygen steam generator. On the basis of the finite element method with the use of the ANSYS software package, the process of starting up and entering the operating mode of the steam generator was simulated. The distribution dynamics of temperature fields and thermomechanical stresses in the walls of the combustion chamber are shown. When using the built-in combustion chamber, the maximum wall temperature after reaching the operating mode was 391°C and for 179°C for the external combustion chamber. The distribution dynamics of thermomechanical stresses fields practically corresponds to the distribution dynamics of temperature fields. In this case, the thermomechanical stresses for the built-in combustion chamber amounted to 219MPa, for the external – 195MPa. Taking into account the estimation of the calculated lifetime, an optimization technical and economic analysis of the efficiency implementation of hydrogen-oxygen steam generator was carried out. The use of built-in hydrogen-oxygen steam generator makes it possible to increase the efficiency of off-peak electricity use by 14.76% and to reduce the cost of peak electricity production by 18.4%, taking into account the lifetime.

The article discusses the issue of saving fuel resources, a significant reduction in the cost of maintaining and purchasing gas high-temperature sources of heat supply. The paper proposes for comparison a radiation heating system and a system with a water coolant, taking into account the design features of production shops. This assessment was carried out for an industrial facility to be located in Novy Urengoy, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia.

The article discusses the methods of thermal utilization of municipal solid waste. The environmental burden on landfill disposal sites is reduced by waste incineration. At the same time, the production of heat energy occurs with moderately lower environmental impact. The work of an integrated district heating station was considered in the article. The influence of this installation on the environment and the features of the operation of the integrated district boiler house are considered. The study demonstrates the advantages of utilizing municipal waste at an integrated district heating plant over the method of waste incineration in a regular incineration plant.

To improve environmental safety of a recovery boiler (RB) it is suggested to use a monitoring and diagnostic system that allows detecting faults of the normal process mode at early stages and preventing their development in emergency situations. The RB diagnostic model structure was developed and faults and possible abnormal situations in RB were analyzed qualitatively with the use of HAZOP methodology.

The equipment 0.38 kV low-voltage electrical networks is not a satisfactory level. Such electric networks operating modes management is carrying out save energy measures and electricity supply improve efficiency in general largely allows. As a result, the electric energy supplied parameters obtaining actual nature information about to consumers through these electric networks is the developing the power transmission requirements measures basis comply. The article presents results current unbalancing modes objective studies in 0.38 kV an electrical network that feeds Irkutsk multi-storey residential building electric consumers. The analysis electric energy parameters, power quality indicators changes as well as electricity lo sses caused by the currents unbalance in the studied electric network are presented. The calculate parameters and using results of balancing device efficiency as well as its influence on the quality indicators studied and electrical energy loss in the studied electrical network are presented.

The article deals with the problem of the reliability of the balance gas reserves of the Vilyui oil and gas region calculated by the volumetric method. Based on the analysis of the development of gas and gas condensate fields of the Predverkhoyansk and Vilyui oil and gas bearing regions, the low production capabilities of the depleted fields of the region are shown. It is concluded that the most reliable in the conditions of a complex geological structure of deposits is the assessment of gas reserves by the pressure drop method. The idea is formulated that for the fields of the Vilyui oil and gas bearing area, which have productive horizons with low initial gas saturation of reservoirs, the final gas recovery factors can be estimated at 0.55. The expediency of considering the issue of the special status of the Srednevilyui gas condensate field as a field with strategic gas reserves is noted.

The typification according to the lithological and geochemical characteristics of the deposits that make up the sections of the two oil source strata: Domanik and Bazhen was carried out . Lithotypes are revealed. For each of the objects of study, a complex of laboratory studies of rocks and contained fluids was carried out. The relationships were revealed between the mineral composition of rocks, the content and types of contained organic matter, the degree of organic matter maturity,the chemical composition of the inorganic and component composition of the organic parts of study strata.

The article examines, analyzes and consolidates the results of research (direct and indirect research methods) of the gas content of the "Five-meter" seam of the Neryungrinsky coal deposit, which is slated for underground mining. The article also presents the criteria that determine the representativeness of the tested samples by the direct method, which allow the introduction of indirect methods for studying the gas content of the "Pyatimetrovy" formation of the Neryungri field without losing the reliability of the results. As a result of the analysis of the factual material and the geological situation at the field, as well as taking into account the data on the current state of open pit mining at the field, the following were identified: the main factors influencing the degree and nature of the gas content of the Pyatimetrovy layer of the Neryungrinskoye field; composition of gases, the inflow of which is expected to enter the mine atmosphere during mining operations to extract coal from the "Five-meter" seam by the underground method. The main results of the research presented in the article are: the identification of two main gas zones of the "Five-meter" formation with the construction of a gas zoning diagram along the depth of the formation; determination of the presence of gas traps at the field with low production rate of free gas, which are determined by the presence of permafrost in the field; establishing the influence of open pit mining at the deposit on the activation of the natural degassing process of the coal seam and its host rocks at the present stage. The quantitative indicators of the methane content of the coal seam in the field have been established, it has been noted that natural gases in the host rocks are identical to those in the reservoir.

The methodological aspects of assessing the toxicity of surface-active substances (SAS) by changing the behavioral response of avoiding the substrate by earthworms Eisenia fetida andrei Bouche, 1972 were studied. The conditions for biotesting were selected, under which the method is more sensitive to the tested pollutants. In this method, 30 worms. placed in a Petri dish with a substrate unfavorable for worms (dry sand). Around it, Petri dishes with test samples of moistened sand contaminated with individual toxicants in various concentrations and their mixtures were placed radially. A control sample (wet sand) was also placed among the prototypes. When the worms selected the most favorable of the tested contaminated substrate samples, their movement from dry sand was observed. After 4 h from the start of the experiment, the number of worms in each of the compartments was counted. The toxic effect of the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was manifested when its content in the soil sample was from 0.001 g / kg; nonionic surfactant Tween-80 – from 1 ml / kg; anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate – from 20 mg / kg.

The electrogenic activity of many microorganisms used in MFC is due to direct electron transfer. It is achieved by direct contact of microbial cells with an electrode. In this regard, an important aspect of research in the field of MFC is the study of the interaction of electrogenic microorganisms with electrode materials. In this work, the influence of polarization of carbon fiber from an external source of electrical energy on the intensity of sorption on it of cells of the electrogenic strain Micrococcus luteus 1-i is considered. It was shown that the polarization of carbon fiber 0.6-0.8 V positively influenced the sorption of cells of the electrogenic strain M. luteus 1-i, and 0.4-0.6 V positively influenced the increase in the number of cells of the strain. The preliminary application of a voltage of 0.6 V to the MFC anode for 2 h led to an increase in the current generated by the M. luteus strain 1 within a 24hour experiment. The obtained positive effect demonstrates the possibility of using this approach to increase the efficiency of the MFC technology.

This article discusses the solution to the problem of active proppant removal from a hydraulic fracture into the wellbore. To reduce the amount of proppant removed not only at the stages of well development, but also during its operation, it is proposed to compact the proppant pack in the created hydraulic fracture with elastic hydraulic waves, which can be generated using a hydraulic spool vibrator. Well treatment according to the technology described in the article makes it possible to attract additional formation fluid to the working agent during hydraulic vibration treatment in field conditions. The use of this technology when testing an exploration well in an oil field has shown high efficiency in terms of increasing its oil production rate.

The article provides recommendations for the development and study of wells with jet devices, depending on the nature of the inflow after hydraulic fracturing. Existing solutions for well development and exploration do not allow getting rid of complications after hydraulic fracturing, such as active proppant removal from the bottomhole zone with overfilling of bottom holes and a decrease in well flow rates. The use of jet pumps of the design proposed in the work makes it possible to effectively develop wells, reduce the time for putting them into operation, conduct high-quality hydrodynamic studies and obtain filtration parameters of the formation. To develop recommendations for the development and study of wells, depending on the nature of the inflow after hydraulic fracturing, reports on the performance of work on the wells of the Russkaya area, Vostochno-Messoyakhskoye field, and Yamburgskaya area were studied. The pressure build-up curve was processed on each well under study. The data obtained were processed according to D. Horner's method.