Table of contents

After successfully held for three consecutive year, 2020 4th International Conference on Traffic Engineering and Transportation System (ICTETS 2020) was successfully held during August 21-23, 2020 in Guilin, China. ICTETS 2020 is to bring together innovative academics and industrial experts in the field of traffic engineering and transportation system to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in traffic engineering and transportation system and another goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world. The conference will be held every year to make it an enableing platform for people to share views and experiences in traffic engineering and transportation system and related areas.

The conference featured four keynotes (40 minutes each, including Q&A) and oral presentations. The papers in the oral sessions were allotted 15 minutes each for presentation. There were a total of 110 participants, including keynote speakers, invited speaker, committee members, session chairs, authors, presenters and listeners. We are greatly honored to have invited Prof. Qizhou Hu from Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China and Prof. Dongfang Yang, from Guizhou University For Nationalities, China to serve as our General Conference Chair. The rest of the committee was composed from Turkey, Australia, India, Brazil, Malaysia, Iran and other countries.

In the keynote presentations part, our beloved Conference Chair, Prof. Qizhou Hu was also invited to present his talk Thoughts on bicycle traffic in Europe. In the comprehensive analysis of the development trend of bicycle traffic in European countries, this paper analyzes the successful road of European bicycle development. In addition, we had A. Prof./Dr. Baohua Guo from Henan Polytechnic University, China to present his latest research on Rock mechanics in Road Engineering, Road safety and congestion control. The third keynote speaker. A. Prof. Shaopeng Zhong, Dalian University of Technology, China presented his latest research: Exploring the joint effect of shared autonomous vehicles and congestion pricing on regional job accessibility. On his speech, he presented shared autonomous vehicles (SAVs) and road congestion pricing studies. A. Prof./Dr. Law Teik Hua, from Road Safety Research Center, Engineering Faculty, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, as the last keynote speaker, he presented an excellent talk: Development of safety performance index for intercity buses: An exploratory factor analysis approach. In the last part of the conference, all participants were invited to discuss and explore the academic issues after the presentations. The discussion was lasted for about 30-60 minutes. The conference provided a forum for discussing traffic engineering and transportation system and in particular for promoting the interchange of novel ideas and the presentations of the latest developments in this field. This conference will also provide an ideal environment to develop new collaborations and meet experts on the fundamentals, applications, and products of the mentioned fields.

We are glad to share with you that we received lots of submissions from the conference and we selected a bunch of high-quality papers and compiled them into the proceedings after rigorously reviewed them. These papers feature following topics but are not limited to: Traffic Engineering, Transportation system and supply chain and other related topics. All the papers have been through rigorous review and process to meet the requirements of International publication standard.

Lastly, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Chairman, the distinguished keynote speakers, as well as all the participants. We also want to thank the publisher for publishing the proceedings. May the readers could enjoy the gain some valuable knowledge from the proceedings. We are expecting more and more experts and scholars from all over the world to join this international event next year.

The Organizing Committee of ICTETS 2020

List of Committee member are available in the pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Single-blind / Double-blind / Triple-blind / Open / Other

• Double-blind

• Conference submission management system: AI Scholar Submission System

• Number of submissions received: 189

• Number of submissions sent for review: 172

• Number of submissions accepted: 124

• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 65.6%

• Average number of reviews per paper: 2

• Total number of reviewers involved: 35

• Any additional info on review process:

• Contact person for queries: Dongfang Yang, Shanghai Ocean University, df.yang@gdaiae.org

For a long time, the display mode of color design is mostly two-dimensional pictures, which is relatively single, and there is still a certain gap between the effect and the reality. Based on the technology of virtual reality, this paper aims to change the traditional way of color perception of picture, through the three-dimensional color display mode of virtual simulation, to realize the real feeling of car body color design, and to facilitate the revision and improvement of color design. Analyze the color proportion and various RGB values in the existing color pictures, design the color of the rail car according to the relevant values, and carry on the virtual simulation display.

In the whole construction process of highway and bridge, strict engineering quality and safety management, to some extent, is to help promote the long-term development of highway and bridge technology, at the same time, can effectively guarantee the overall safety of bridge and highway construction projects, and reduce the occurrence of safety accidents. In this paper, the application of BIM technology in the safety management of highways and bridges is analyzed to effectively improve the quality and efficiency of construction safety management measures, in order to provide important reference value for bridge construction management safety.

As the highway transportation network expands and modern technologies in the automobile industry develops, automobiles contribute a lot to human life, which have also led to many problems such as traffic accidents, traffic jams, environmental pollution, and energy waste. Take traffic accidents as an example. According to the China's website of the State Administration of Work Safety, in 2011, about 211,000 people died or injured in traffic accidents, with the death toll hitting 62,000. Among all those accidents, rear-end collisions account for a large proportion, as the freeway rear-end accidents was about 33.4% of the total accidents in China and 24% in America. These traffic accidents have not only resulted in huge economic losses, but have also made highways more congested and occupied medical resources.

Aiming at increasing the ship operating income, the ship operating efficiency is proposed and explained in detail. Based on the analysis of relevant factors affecting ship operation, the mathematical model of ship operating efficiency is constructed, in which the cargo transportation, cargo turnover, fuel oil consumption of the main engine and the general berthing time are employed to measure the annual operating efficiency of the ship which has a good rationality, and the calculation and verification are carried out using the mass operation data collected by a typical ship as an example. The results show that the ship's operating efficiency model is effective, which can help shipping companies form a series of intelligent decision support in order to promote the level of ship operation management.

This paper proposes an improved gray model of equal dimensional innovation based on time-varying parameters and the gray characteristics of small sample and poor information of the safety monitoring data during underground cavern construction, so as to predict and judge the deformation of surrounding rocks in underground caverns and to obtain relatively reliable results in the analysis of uncertain systems. Under certain conditions, the improved gray model of equal dimensional innovation based on time-varying parameters can be used to predict the deformation of surrounding rocks during the excavation of underground caverns, thereby providing mathematical analysis tools for safe construction.

In highway traffic, setting up the necessary traffic safety facilities can provide a guarantee for the safe driving of vehicles. To a certain extent, proper and reasonable setting of traffic safety facilities is an important indicator to measure the safety design of highway traffic engineering. In order to do a good job in highway traffic safety from the source, people gradually pay attention to how to improve the rationality of the design of highway traffic safety facilities. As people pay more attention to highway traffic safety facilities, their design technology has become an important research content to effectively avoid safety problems in highway traffic design, construction and operation, and reduce the high cost of subsequent upgrades. This paper takes the design technology of highway traffic engineering safety facilities as the research object, and analyzes the main structure of highway traffic road safety facilities and the main causes of safety problems on the side of highway traffic roads. On this basis, with the main purpose of effectively avoiding road traffic safety accidents and guaranteeing road traffic safety, targeted safety protection measures are provided. From the aspects of guardrail design technology, visual illusion deceleration marking design technology, warning signs and other aspects, research and discussion are carried out to provide a reference for effectively improving the overall level of traffic safety facilities design.

In this paper, the expressway traffic flow prediction model based on the Bi-LSTM is designed, and four sections of expressway are applied to the model for training and evaluation. Through training and verification, the results show that the average prediction accuracy, MAPE, RMSE, and MAE of the proposed model is 89.54%, 10.46%, 31.55, and 24.58, respectively. In addition, in order to evaluate the effect of the proposed model, this paper introduces the ARIMA model for comparison. It is found that the prediction accuracy of the Bi-LSTM is 18.30% higher than ARIMA, the RMSE is reduced by 31.85, and the MAE is reduced by 26.32. The results show that the proposed Bi-LSTM model exhibits higher prediction performance. Afterwards, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the predicted value and the original value of each road section. The results show that the proposed model has a certain lag, and the forecast value of traffic flow is low for rush hours, however, the forecast value of traffic flow is higher in the low peak hours.

In order to study the dynamic response and motion response characteristics of the river-sea direct ship's structure under different conditions and waves during the navigation of the river section and the sea section, a container ship on the route from Wuhan to Yangshan was tested by using dynamic strain gauge, motion sensor and wave height gauge. The test points are arranged in the front and rear end walls of the cargo tank area, the middle section of the ship, the corner of the hatch, the intersection of the longitudinal bulkhead and the inner bottom plate and other areas that may produce high stress. The test results show that the wave environment conditions of the route area of the Yangtze River estuary are more complex, and the response components of the ship structure are more variable, which is quite different from the response of the structure in the Yangtze River Estuary; the predicted value of wave load is similar to the measured value, and the predicted bending moment is slightly larger than the measured bending moment.

In the digital age, the vehicle has gone beyond the basic properity of the vehicle has gradually become a mobile data port. From the perspective of users, the comfortable, safe and high-speed driving experience of vehicles no longer meets the needs of users. In the future, vehicle will become an important tool for mobile life service. Therefore, the vehicle artistic modelling design is bound to the direction of digital, intelligent development. In this paper, the key factors affecting the vehicle art design are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, and the law of the new energy vehicle art design is explored from two aspects of technology and art. Then the method of new energy vehicle art design is discussed.

Under the background that ships waiting for locks is becoming normal and increasingly intensified, the need to build a new channel of Three Gorges to enhance the navigability of the golden waterway of the Yangtze River is very urgent. The construction of new channel ship locks will inevitably involve the coordination of the new channel representative ship types and existing ships and ship locks and joint scheduling. This article studies the rules of necessary freight rate (RFR), energy efficiency design index (EEDI), transportation efficiency with the length and the width of the ship based on the limitation of channel and lock on the main dimensions of ships. The main dimension series of representative ship types suitable for the new passage of the Three Gorges Project are put forward.

Traffic accidents of road passenger transport vehicles will cause great harm and impact on society and families. Analyzing the factors involved in the accident can find the main reason for the accident. This article analyzes the participating factors in accidents based on the data from the annual road traffic accident statistics report. Combining with the results of historical research, the important influencing factors are classified and analyzed, and some key factors of driving safety are summarized. Transport companies should pay attention to the key factors that may lead to accidents and eliminate these hidden dangers.

In recent years, with the continuous development of the national economy, the state and people have a higher demand for the service level of the highway, which also requires highway managers to have a more accurate prediction of the running state of the highway. So this paper proposes an Elman neural network highway state prediction method considering the risky driving behavior. In this method, expert scoring method and analytic hierarchy process are used to calculate the weight of highway risk driving behavior, and then Elman neural network is used to establish the highway state recognition model based on the weight and traffic flow data. Finally, the data of expressways within 4 days is used as the sample training model, and the data of the fifth day is used as the test sample for testing. The results show that the model has a high accuracy for predicting the future traffic status, and it can also provide reference and support for the active traffic early warning and management.

To set up a schedule of toll collector in advance and reduce the queue length and traffic congestion of toll stations, this paper proposes a short-term forecasting method for toll stations based on long short-term memory network. First, we analyze the quality of highway toll data. Then, a data preprocessing method based on the cubical smoothing algorithm with five-point approximation is designed. Moreover, we establish the traffic data set which is associated with the toll stations information and time. Then we construct a traffic flow prediction model. Taking the Airport Station of Airport Highway in Guangzhou as an example, then test the validity and real-time performance of our model. The results show that the mean absolute percentage error of the prediction is about 3.6% when the forecast horizon of prediction is 5 minutes; when the forecast horizon of prediction is 10 minutes, the mean absolute percentage error is about 6.07%; when the forecast horizon of prediction is 15 minutes, the mean absolute percentage error is about 8.68%, therefore, the model can accurately predict the traffic flow of toll stations. At the same time, compared with the KNN algorithm and GBDT algorithm, the model of this paper not only has higher prediction accuracy, but also has better adaptability to predict the peak, and when weather is adverse, the algorithm of this paper also can predict accurately through extracting the relevance of time in data set effectively.

The influence of jute fiber and polyvinyl alcohol on the solidified silt was analyzed through the unconfined compressive strength test. The results showed that the addition of jute fiber and polyvinyl alcohol could not only improve the strength of the solidified silt, but also significantly improve the residual strength of the solidified soil. With the addition of fiber, the compressive strength of solidified soil increases first and then decreases with the increase of fiber content, and the optimal fiber content is 0.3%. The addition of PVA makes the compressive strength of solidified soil increase with the increase of fiber, and when the PVA content is 0.8%, the strength of solidified soil increases most obviously. Under the action of composite curing agent, the strength of solidified soil increases rapidly in the 1d-7d age, but decreases slowly in the 7d-14d age.

At present, the design of tunnel insulation layer in cold area mostly depends on engineering analogy, and the rationality of the design cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, in this study, on the basis of an ANSYS finite element analysis model, boundary conditions and calculation parameters are determined for the Jiangluling Tunnel in the cold region of Tibet, China. An analysis of the different laying methods of the thermal insulation layer between the permafrost section and the non-permafrost section is conducted, along with a comprehensive evaluation of several commonly used thermal insulation materials. Based on the results, the double layering method is recommended for the thermal insulation layer of the permafrost section. The commencement of the freeze–thaw cycle can be delayed by laying the insulation layer in the non-frozen soil section, and laying outside the wall is usually preferred. When the off-wall laying is not possible, the surface laying method is preferred.

In view of the problems of high transportation cost, low loading and unloading efficiency, poor reinforcement in the transportation of glass and coiled steel, combined with the transportation of tubular goods such as aluminum rods and logs, a safe, stable and recyclable 20ft multifunctional platform container is designed, which is based on the "Code for Steel Structure Design". The overall structure of the 20ft multifunctional platform container consists of two parts: the bottom "platform" and the upper "A-frame", which has three functions of loading coiled steel, tubular goods and bare glass. In addition, the feasibility of loading cargo on platform container was checked in accordance with the requirements of the "Rules for Loading and Reinforcement of Railway Cargo". The platform container is constructed and carried on the finite element analysis by using the software named SolidWorks, its stress analysis and displacement analysis results are in line with relevant regulations. The designed multifunctional platform container can improve the loading and unloading efficiency of glass and coiled steel transportation, save loading reinforcement materials and transportation costs, having a promising market prospect.

In recent years, the total length of highways in service has been continuously increasing, and the demand for highway transportation has also increased. The damages and defects of highway and its supporting facilities with aging have serious effects on operation efficiency and driving safety. This paper studied the evaluation method of highway safety maintenance to assess the safety condition of highway and its supporting facilities. Firstly, an evaluation index system of highway safety maintenance was established from two major aspects: road structure and environment conditions, safety protection and management conditions. Secondly, the impact of discrete degree of index scores on the evaluation result of cloud model was analyzed, and then the equilibrium fine-tuning factor was proposed to improve the weighted mode between weights and scores. Based on the two-dimensional cloud model, a general process of safety evaluation considering the equilibrium fine-tuning factor was thus developed, and a cloud similarity algorithm based on the membership degree method was also proposed. Finally, a numerical study was carried out to validate the proposed model, and the sensitivity analysis of equilibrium significance α was conducted. The results showed that the impact of equilibrium fine-tuning factor on the comprehensive evaluation result is unneglectable, and the proposed method conforms to the reality of safety evaluation better, which can be applied in the highway safety maintenance evaluation for future reference.

Taking a large-span steel curved bridge in Yunnan Province as the research object, this paper focuses on the multi-point jacking construction technology and construction control points, which provides the basis for the limited jacking construction planning and reasonable arrangement of working procedures in Yunnan Province. Taking the successful application of a large-span steel box girder on the pusher as an example, the numerical simulation of the steel pushing process is carried out by using the finite element software 3D3S, and the data analysis of the structure is summarized in this paper, which provides reference for solving similar engineering problems in the future.

The paper has studied on how to quantitatively evaluate greenhouse gas emissions during asphalt pavement construction. The calculation method is put forward, and the greenhouse gas emissions during the construction of asphalt pavement are obtained. Through calculating examples, the paper got energy saving and emissions reduction effect of warm mix asphalt, at the same time, and drew conclusions of effects of different mixing equipment and transportation equipment on total greenhouse gas emissions. The paper got some good conclusions through the calculation data: the raw material production process accounts for 13% of the total emissions; while asphalt mixture mixing, paving and rolling accounted for 67% of the total emissions, of which about 60% were in the asphalt mixture mixing stage alone. Transport processes account for 20% of total emissions. Compared with warm mix asphalt, heat mix asphalt reduced emissions by 18.2%. The main influencing factor of greenhouse gas emissions in the transportation process is the ratio between diesel consumption of transport equipment in one hundred kilometers and the maximum freight volume of the transportation equipment.

In order to ensure the safety of train operation and improve the ability of train to deal with emergencies independently, this paper classifies and defines the possible conflicts in railway operation, and proposes a method of train conflict prediction and collaborative resolution. The feasibility of this method is verified by the establishment of timed automata model for different operation scenarios. Finally, a prediction method of station level resource occupation conflict is proposed, which is verified by a simulation example.

In order to increase the filter area of vehicle wood fiber air filter, improve the filtration efficiency of air filter, and reduce the filtration resistance of air filter, a kind of W-shaped wood fiber air filter is designed in this paper. Through the existing empirical formulas, it is found that the main factors affecting the filtration resistance are fiber filling ratio, Reynolds number Re and fiber arrangement. In this paper, the filter resistance of air filter is simulated based on Boltzmann method. Firstly, the change curve of filter resistance with filling rate and Reynolds number under parallel arrangement and staggered arrangement is studied, and compared with the existing theoretical formula. Then, by analyzing the fiber equivalent radius, filling rate and filter element thickness of filter resistance, the relationship curve between filter resistance and various influencing factors is obtained. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by using the self-developed filter performance test rig. The results show that the experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results. The filtration resistance does not change much at low Reynolds number, mainly decreases with the increase of the equivalent radius of the fiber, and increases with the increase of the filling ratio. With the increase of filter thickness, these results provide theoretical basis and suggestions for the structure optimization of air filter.

Liquefaction of the bulk particle cargoes is a serious hidden risk for the ore transportation ship. To further understand the liquefaction mechanism of the particle cargoes, the model experiments have been carried out, by adopting saturated iron concentrate samples and the six degrees of freedom swing table. The effect of external load frequency on pore water pressure and excess pore pressure ratio was investigated. Results show that the external load is the main factor causing liquefaction of the cargo, and the possibility of liquefaction of different parts of the whole cargo is different. The bottom part of the cargo changes the most under different external loads, while the top does not.

In order to study the effect of a new TPS high viscosity modifier on the performance of its modified asphalt, a new type of TPS high viscosity modified asphalt with 3%, 8%, 13% and 18% content will be prepared, SBS modified asphalt and Japanese TPS modified asphalt were selected for comparison, high temperature and low temperature indexes were tested respectively, and the modification effect of the new TPS high viscosity modifier was verified through comparative analysis, and the more suitable dosage was determined. The results show that with the increase of the new TPS content, the performance of asphalt has been improved. When the content of the new TPS reaches 13%, the indicators of high-viscosity asphalt have fully met the requirements of the specification; By comparing the performance of each high-viscosity asphalt, and combining the requirements of high-viscosity asphalt and Japanese TPS. For the comparison between high-viscosity modifiers, the recommended dosage of this new TPS is between 13% and 18%.

The external luminance of highway tunnels in cold areas is a key parameter for the lighting design of the tunnel entrance section. Due to the influence of the tunnel portal form, tunnel orientation, solar radiation intensity and solar irradiation angle, the external luminance of the tunnel varies with different seasons and different times. At present, there are relatively few studies on the time-varying characteristics of the external luminance of highway tunnels in cold areas. Relying on the Wunvfeng extra-long tunnel, combined with different tunnel opening orientations, the changes in the luminance of the tunnel exterior with time under several typical weather conditions are analyzed. The dynamic characteristics of the external luminance outside the tunnel in the cold area was obtained, which provide more detailed and reliable data for tunnel design. It has reference value for the lighting design and operation control of the entrance section of the tunnel and the design of light reduction outside the tunnel.

A research method to establish the matching degree of supply and demand of bus stations by using Moran's I, which describes the spatial agglomerating feature, was proposed based on IC card and GPS data mining. The bus boarding station information was deduced by the time matching method and the passenger demand of the station was represented by the passenger flow in the station, the vehicle data from GPS data were selected as the bus service supply, the matching situation of bus supply and demand in different time periods in the whole city was researched, the degree of station imbalance was identified, to assist the bus system to optimize supply. Take Qingdao city as an example, the empirical research indicated that: It was concluded that the demand and supply of the bus service in the research area matched well on the whole, and the supply of buses at the bus stations basically met the travel demand of residents. According to the LISA diagram of station clustering distribution, the stations with a mismatch of supply and demand in the area were identified through spatio-temporal difference analysis, and the mismatch was relatively more obvious in regions where a small number of stations were located.

In view of the special geographical landform, complex climate and serious influence of climate on roads in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, by studying the temperature field of asphalt pavement in Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, the respective characteristics and differences of the temperature distribution of asphalt pavement structure are obtained in this paper. The results show that the road surface temperature of the asphalt pavement in Tongliao, Inner Mongolia has a correlation with the atmospheric temperature, especially in spring and autumn. With the increase of the depth of pavement structure, the correlation between temperature and atmospheric temperature gradually becomes weaken, and it is basically out of the variation regularities of temperature at the pavement base.

This research proposes an aircraft/engine integrated design system construction method for civil aircraft based on system engineering oriented to large civil aircraft airworthiness certification. The aircraft/engine integrated design system of civil aircraft based on the "mapping model" highlights the logical completeness of the development evidence. This research contains two types of core design evidence: 1) design data of aircraft/engine integrated system; 2) aircraft/engine integrated system confirming and verifying data. The mapping model corresponds to the constraints of airworthiness regulations on the aircraft/engine integrated system design in three aspects: requirements analysis and confirmation, functional design, and design execution and verification, which promotes design data and airworthiness compliance evidence build in parallel.

This study investigated commuters' departure time choice with stochastic capacity. It has typically been solved by using Vickrey's bottleneck model which doesn't take the impact of commuters' activity on decision-making into account. We added activity utility parameters to Vickrey's bottleneck model. Travel costs became negative utility. The model considered home-activity utility before work and work-activity utility in the morning rush. Simultaneously, the capacity of the bottleneck changed randomly between a designed value (good condition) and a degraded one(bad condition). We derived six reasonable equilibrium patterns by maximizing the commuters' activity utility and closed form solutions to all possible equilibrium patterns. The departure rate curve for each equilibrium pattern was made within a reasonable parameter range.

In order to study the applicability of anti-rutting agent LY to different asphalt mixtures, six asphalt mixtures, including AC-16, AC-16+0.4% anti-rutting agent, SBS modified asphalt AC-16, SBS modified asphalt AC-16+0.4% anti-rutting agent, SMA-16, SMA-16+0.4% anti-rutting agen, were tested for high temperature performance, low temperature performance and water stability performance. The test results show that the anti-rutting agent LY can improve the high temperature performance, low temperature performance and water stability of AC-16 and SMA-16 asphalt mixtures, and the effect is best when used with AC-16 asphalt mixtures. Compared with SBS modified asphalt mixture, although anti-rutting agent LY can improve its high-temperature performance, it has a negative impact on its low-temperature performance and water stability, so it is not recommended to use anti-rutting agent LY together with SBS modified asphalt mixture.

To solve the problem of freezing damage in tunnels in cold areas, based on the investigation and analysis of the existing tunnel insulation measures in cold regions, the Wunvfeng Tunnel is used as a supporting project. First, indoor tests are conducted to analyze the insulation performance, insulation effect and influencing factors of the cold insulation layer. The moisture-proof performance has a great influence on the cold-proof and thermal insulation effect. From the test results, it can be seen that when the thermal insulation layer is immersed in water, its thermal insulation performance decreases rapidly. The temperature behind the thermal insulation layer decreases rapidly with time, and the temperature quickly drops below zero without convergence, trend, the loss of cold-proof and thermal insulation performance. Then, through numerical simulation, the thermal insulation effect of different insulation layer laying methods (intermediate method, double layer method and surface method) was compared and analyzed, and it was concluded that under the same thickness of insulation layer, the better insulation layer laying method was surface method. It also shows that the closer the insulation layer is to the interface between the surrounding rock and the ambient air, the better its insulation effect.

The scattered objects contain a lot of important information on the scene of traffic accidents. The identification and extraction of relevant characteristic values of the scattered objects on the scene of traffic accidents can provide important basis for solving the collision speed of the vehicles in the accident and provide some evidence for the handling of traffic accidents. In this paper, scattered objects on the scene of traffic accidents are taken as the research object. According to the theoretical model of camera imaging and the characteristics of scattered objects in the accident site, a camera calibration system was proposed by combining with MATALB software. In order to reduce the error caused by background environment in the calibration process, the red calibration object with known structure size was designed to obtain the aerial photography image containing the calibration object. MATLAB was used to extract the calibration object in the image and establish the relationship model between the actual value of the calibration object and the image value. The image processing accuracy was improved by gray transformation, Wiener filter denoising, Laplace sharpening and Canny algorithm edge detection. Taking circular and irregular scattered objects as examples, the simulation test is designed. The proposed calibration method and image processing method are applied to identify the features of scattered objects. The identification results are calculated and compared with the actual measurement results to verify the accuracy of the proposed method and provide a reference for on-site accident treatment.

Which type of flight training aircraft the flight training school introduces depends largely on the direct operation cost (DOC) of the aircraft in the flight training. This paper divides DOC into two categories, namely fixed cost and variable cost. Then it constructed the calculating model for each cost item. The language of Java was used to achieve visual interface for the flight training aircraft. These above findings as well as the developed tool are expected to raise the evaluation accuracy in introducing the type of flight training aircraft for the flight training school.

With the rapid growth of social economy, many companies often have multiple distribution centers. In this paper, multiple depots vehicle routing problem with soft time windows (MDVRPSTW) is researched. A mathematical model, which is aiming to minimize the transport cost, is established. Two-phase algorithm is designed to solve this problem. In the first phase, customers' orders are distributed to the distribution center by exact algorithm. In the second phase, all the route of each distribution center is calculated. Because this problem is an NP-hard problem, it is difficult to get optimal solution fast when calculating large scale examples, improved genetic algorithm is adopted to solve this problem. In this paper, traditional roulette selection method is abandoned in the stage of designing the selection operator, so as to avoid that the early high fitness individuals occupy the population rapidly and the later population stops evolution due to the small difference of individual fitness. Finally, a practice example of a certain company is calculated by the above method to verify the efficiency of algorithm in this paper.

In this paper, the vehicle dynamics simulation software Trucksim was used to build road models and truck models to test the driving speed and climbing distance of 6-axis trucks under different conditions. By comparing with the correlation of the maximum slope length in the "Road Route Design Specification" (JTG D20-2017), we determine the demand of specific power for trucks on expressways with different design speeds. The results show that the initial speed, specific power and slope of the road affect the maximum slope length of the vehicle. The maximum slope length increases with the increase of the initial speed and the specific power of the vehicle and it decreases with the degree of longitudinal slope increases. The Demand of Specific power for trucks on China's expressways increase with the decrease in design speed, which is 7.0kW/t (120km/h), 8.0kW/t (100km/h), and 9.0kW/t (80km/h) respectively.

The vehicle dynamical model was established by taking the articulated vehicle driven electrically as the research object, and the vehicle dynamical simulation was carried out by using ADAMS. The effects of different center of mass position, steering parameters, mass, lateral stiffness of tire, suspension stiffness and damping on the driving stability of articulated vehicle were analyzed. The simulation results showed that the driving stability of the articulated vehicle was improved by factors such as the position of the center of mass closing to the hinged point, increasing the steering stiffness and damping, reducing the lateral stiffness of the tire, increasing the suspension stiffness and damping, appropriately increasing the rear body mass, etc. This study provided a reference for the design and improvement of the vehicle.

In order to analyze the application status of machine-made sand in concrete pavement structure, and discuss new ideas for the development of machine-made sand concrete pavement, researches on several key issues of machine-made sand concrete pavement were reviewed and summarized, including wear resistance, mechanical properties and dry shrinkage performance;the requirements of industry standard and three local standards for the quality index of machine-made sand were compared and analyzed. The results show that the machine-made sand can meet the performance requirements of cement concrete pavement; many local standards have few differences in the quality of machine-made sand, but more differences in the technical indexes of the best performance of machine-made sand concrete.

Imaging the Martian surface with a sun-synchronous orbit is a fundamental task of most current Mars exploration programs. In this paper, the Mars-Deimos multi-target orbit design is carried out for a small spacecraft that uses the spacecraft's spare spacecraft to achieve a carrier launch. Due to the 92.7° inclination of the working orbit of the main detector, Deimos detection is carried out by means of a swept intersection: The working orbit is designed for a large elliptical orbit with a critical inclination of 116.6° and a lifetime of 280 Deimos intersections. Unlike the Viking-1 orbital control, which is used to suppress arch line drift, the working track maintenance strategy designed in this paper is used only to eliminate tangential drift, and keep the consumption and frequency reducing with increasing orbital accuracy. Finally, the working orbit was analysed for its imaging, illumination and metrological/numeric transmission conditions and the spatio-temporal distribution of occult events between the small spacecraft and the main probe. Deimos imaging plan is used in the pre life descent phase, and Mars surface imaging plan is used in the post life ascent phase. The results of the analysis indicate that the full use of the carrier margin for small spacecraft launch can be carried out, for example, imaging the surface of Mars and Centaur, and covering the earth's atmosphere with the main detector. The working orbit and orbital control strategies are designed to take into account the impact of orbital determination errors and main actuators (both short-period and long-period items, etc.) on the Deimos rendezvous, and to have engineering implementation conditions.

The paper establishes a new multiple classifier for grading the traffic accident based on the Hard Decision Model and the parallel topological structure. Logistic Regression, decision tree(DT) and BP Neural Network are selected as the base classifiers and matter-element analysis is employed as the fusion algorithm to improve the traditional topological structure. Matter-Element analysis has potential to increase the objectivity and dynamic in the criterion setting of the multiple classifier by combining the confidence coefficient of the base classification results. The accuracies of different base classifiers are used for weight factors calculation instead of the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) or the fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE) to avoid the influence of human factors. 200 recordings of the traffic accident are selected as a case study for methodology verification. The results show that compared with the base classifiers, the capacity to identify the class of traffic accident can be strengthened apparently by the multiple classifier based on confidence coefficient and Matter-Element Analysis Meanwhile, this classifier provides the best opportunity to avoid many bad conditions of single model, such as overfitting and under-fitting.

The Sichuan-Tibet Railway faces severe challenges such as changeable weather and long ramps. In order to reduce the ramp stop accidents of locomotive, the traction characteristic curve and braking characteristic curve of the locomotive are revised considering the wheel-rail adhesion limit under different weather conditions. Then the traction quality of dry rail, wet rail and ice rail is given. The modified characteristic curves and traction quality are used to simulate the traction load of Sichuan-Tibet Railway under different rail surface conditions. The results show that under dry rail conditions, the traction quality is 2500 tons and the driving power and regenerative braking power are extremely large, respectively 20MW and 16MW. Under wet rail and ice rail conditions, traction quality and regenerative braking power are significantly limited by adhesion. When ice rail, the traction quality is only 1200 tons; the driving power and the regenerative braking power are only respectively 14MW and 9 MW. At the same time, the running interval when growing uphill is 7 minutes longer than that under dry rail conditions. It provides a reference for the layout of the train operation diagrams and the design of the traction power supply system.

Logistics parks have made tremendous contributions not only to freight industry but also to the urban development and social benefits. We took German logistics and logistics parks as an illustration. Firstly, we introduced the definition and the status quo of German logistics and logistics parks, especially the development characteristics of the Bremen logistics park. Then we summarized both domestic and international theoretical researches on the relationship between government and logistics parks. By reviewing the practice of logistics parks in China, we pointed out the challenges and existing problems based on the actual situation of logistics development in China. At last, we put forward the relevant suggestions, which are beneficial to the development of logistics parks in China.

In this paper, SMA-13 and LB-13 gradations are designed in order to study the influence of cold patch asphalt mixture gradation and the component changes of cold patch asphalt liquid on the performance of cold patch asphalt mixture. By measuring the volume parameters and Marshall stability of the two asphalt mixtures, the gradations are compared and analyzed. By measuring the Marshall stability and residual stability of LB-13 cold patch asphalt mixture with different anti stripping agent content, asphalt to diesel ratio and cold patch agent content, the influence of the component changes of cold patch asphalt liquid on the Marshall performance and water stability of the mixture was studied. It is found that the Marshall stability of LB-13 asphalt mixtures is slightly lower than that of SMA-13 asphalt mixtures, and the void ratio is 13.4%, which is conducive to diesel volatilization. Compared with SMA-13 gradation, LB-13 asphalt mixture is more suitable as the reference gradation of cold patch asphalt mixture. When the content of anti stripping agent is 0.30 % ∼ 0.40 %, the Marshall stability of cold patch asphalt mixture increases gradually with the increase of anti stripping agent content, while the immersion residual stability increases first and then decreases with the increase of anti stripping agent content, and the immersion residual stability reaches the highest value (89.2 %) when the content of anti stripping agent is 0.35 %. When the ratio of asphalt to diesel is 74:24 ∼ 82:16, the residual stability of cold patch asphalt mixture increases with the increase of the ratio of asphalt to diesel, and when the ratio of asphalt to diesel is more than 80:14, the Marshall stability of cold patch asphalt mixture increases significantly, which is higher than 7 kN. The Marshall stability of cold patch asphalt mixture decreases with the increase of cold patch agent when the content of cold patch agent is 1.7 % ∼ 2.3 %; the immersion residual stability decreases first and then increases with the increase of cold patch agent, and reaches the highest when the content of cold patch agent is 1.7 %, which is 89.6 %. Considering the Marshall performance and water stability of cold patch asphalt mixture, when the ratio of asphalt to diesel oil is 78:20, the content of cold patch agent is 1.7 %, and the content of anti stripping agent is 0.35 %, the performance of cold patch asphalt mixture is the best.

Aggregate mechanical properties directly affect the structural performance of asphalt mixtures. Aggregates must be hard and wear-resistant, with the ability to resist disintegration to ensure good pavement performance. Appropriate and effective experimental evaluation methods of aggregate properties will contribute to a better understanding of material performance. This paper reviewed the literature on the applications of various types of aggregate mechanical test methods and analyzed the relationships among them. Aggregate degradation changes the aggregate gradation, and hence the volume characteristics of the asphalt mixture. Aggregate degradation in different compaction processes of asphalt mixtures during construction was described, and related influencing factors were analyzed. Finally, suggestions were made to overcome the deficiencies of the existing test methods and the problem of aggregate degradation.

Severe freezing injury can lead to tunnel encroachment and affect the safety of tunnel operation. The temperature field of surrounding rock and lining can be changed obviously by laying insulation layer on the outside surface of tunnel lining. Taking Wunvfeng tunnel as the engineering background. ANSYS program is used to simulate the surrounding rock temperature field, by comparing the two cases with and without protective layer, the variation law of surrounding rock temperature with time and space is obtained.

The study of the characteristic of aquatic traffic accidents is significant for avoiding accidents effectively and guiding the supervision of water traffic safety and the search and rescue of water accidents. In this paper, the temporal and spatial characteristics of aquatic accidents from the aspects of accident occurrence and accident consequences were studied. The results indicated that the total number of verified distress incidents has significant temporal and spatial distribution characteristics; the number of verified distress incidents in coastal areas is significantly higher than that of inland rivers; the main causes of water accidents include collisions, stranding, fires and windstorm, all of which have a significant temporal distribution. In terms of accident consequences, the number of general danger is significantly higher than that of other levels of risk, and there is a significant temporal distribution characteristics on four danger levels. The main types of ships in distress are transporting ships, agricultural vessels, fishing boats and official ships. The number of transporting ships and fishing boats both fluctuated greatly in some months; there was no difference on the temporal distribution for the number of agricultural vessels and official ships in a year. There is no significant linear relationship between the number of distressed people and ships; the number of people in distress on the four types of ships all showed a certain time distribution characteristics; the number of deaths and disappearances in the main rivers rose sharply in June. By analyzing the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of accidents and their consequences, this paper provides a basis for the relevant authorities to optimize the prevention and control of water accidents, the layout of water search and rescue forces and the timeliness of target searches.

In this paper, the problem of how to relieve traffic congestion was studied based on traffic signal control and traffic assignment. A bi-level planning model was built. The upper model was designed to minimize the total system delay time while the lower model was designed to maintain travel time equilibrium along any route chosen among the intra-regional O-D pairs. For the calculation of travel time, adequate consideration was given to the road travel time and the signal delay time caused at intersections. The model was then solved. The simulation results show that with inter-route travel time equilibrium maintained, the delay time and travel time throughout the road network were reduced compared with signal coordination control, with the algorithm validated.

In this paper, the Wushi tunnel of Qingyun Expressway in Guangdong Province is taken as the engineering background, the shallow buried section of mountain tunnel is the area with frequent tunnel diseases, in order to solve the problems of poor self-stability of the excavation surface, destruction of supporting structure and water inrush caused by fully weathered surrounding rock in shallow tunnel, after integrating the treatment technology of the existing fully weathered surrounding rock shallow buried tunnel, pre-reinforcement treatment of fully weathered granite with cover grouting technology on deep surface, the working face is excavated after being pre-supported by a double-layer advanced small pipe and using a new type of self-adhesive waterproof membrane to ensure the waterproof effect of the lining, safe and efficient completion of shallow tunnel excavation, Then backfill the soil of the construction surface to carry out ecological restoration work. Through the study of this process, the construction process flow of the fully weathered surrounding rock shallow buried tunnel is summarized, and the key points of each construction stage are pointed out to ensure the construction quality and optimize the construction technology of the shallow buried section of the mountain tunnel, which provide a reference for other similar engineering problems.

The identification of key components is very important for the real-life system. Because the complex network is a powerful tool to analyze the behavior of the complex network, we explore the key nodes by using the complex networks. First, we utilize the degree, the betweenness, the closeness centrality, the eigenvector centrality and the Pagerank to reflect the importance of the node. Then the machine components are abstracted as a node, and the interactions are abstracted as an edge. According to the topology structure of the high-speed train, it is found that the high-speed train has the scale-free feature. By removing the nodes in the light of the sequence of nodes, we can obtain the effective measure and analyze the key nodes of the high-speed train performance degradation caused by the failure. The simulation results show that the node with the high PageRank value and degree is critical for the network. This work may contribute to the discovery of the key components in the high-speed train.

In order to maximize the navigation capacity of the Three Gorges and relieve the backlog of vessels, considering the regulation of navigation and the attributes of vessels of Three Gorges Hub, the concept of priority ship collection is introduced and the priority of dispatching is determined. Taking the utilization ratio of lock chamber and the mean latency of vessels at lockage as optimization target, an optimal scheduling algorithm for Three Gorge Lock chamber scheduling is proposed, which integrates two-dimensional strip packing heuristic algorithm and genetic algorithm. The proposed algorithm is tested on the vessels downlink data of Three Gorges Lock in August 2016 then compared with the manual arrangement strategy. The results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance in utilization ratio of lock chamber and the mean latency of vessels at lockage. The proposed algorithm can improve the carrying capacity of the Three Gorges ship lock to a certain extent.

Background China's squatting transportation mode has been continuously developed. A single road hoisting transportation can no longer meet the market demand, and a variety of ways to coexist in the transportation mode is constantly emerging. Objective To study how the stern transport vehicles can complete the dispatching task more efficiently under the conditions of land and sea transportation. Methods analyzes the advantages of the sling transport operation under the condition of land and sea transportation, and establishes the scheduling model of the stern transport vehicle based on land and sea transportation. This paper designs a heuristic algorithm to solve the initial solution of the model. Based on this, combined with the application of simulated annealing The algorithm performs the objective function minimization solution. Results The vehicle scheduling model was verified by practical examples, which proved the practicability of the model and algorithm.

Background With the ever-changing urban development and a growing number of vehicles, the road congestion problem has become a hotspot issue at present. As an important constituent part of road traffic system, public traffic system has become an effective force relieving the traffic congestion problem. Objective To explore how to better reduce the prediction error of arrival time at bus stop on basis of actual GPS bus data. Method The arrival time at bus stop was analyzed based on GPS data, a time series optimization model based on genetic algorithm was established, followed by the prediction error analysis of arrival time at bus stop. Result The prediction result of GA-ARIMA model is superior to that of the traditional time series model, which indicates the effectiveness of this model.

Identifying the research frontier trends in the field of transportation can provide researchers with new perspectives and innovation points, and provide information support for decision-making of scientific research planning managers. In this paper, the visual knowledge map analysis method is used to analyze the conference documents published by the Transportation Research Board of the United States from 2015 to 2019, and analyze in detail eight key areas, including aviation, highway, marine transportation, motor carriers, pedestrians and bicyclists, pipelines, public transportation and railroads. The above analysis reveals the research frontier trends of the whole and 8 key sub fields in the field of transportation.

In order to further study the application of corrugated steel web composite box girder bridge in practical engineering, this paper selects a corrugated steel web box girder bridge with transverse diaphragms as the theoretical model, and uses the cross space grid method to simulate The model. Beam188 is the element type selected for this ANSYS modeling. The longitudinal element of the web is equivalent to a flat plate according to the plate and shell theory. The shape of the vertical element remains unchanged. Under the condition of its own weight, the natural frequency and deflection of the model are compared. The research results show that when the web is divided into whole and separated, the errors of the first-order natural frequencies of the two spatial mesh models and the solid finite element model are both within 10%, and the accuracy of the overall division is higher.

Finite element analysis is one crucial means to evaluate and optimize the stability and safety of a three-storey parking garage. The geometric model of a three-storey parking garage was built with CATIA. A finite element model was set up by HyperMesh for static strength analysis in Abaqus. It is essential to consider some key factors such as simplification of mesh model, boundary conditions, weight and loads. The strength of the parking garage under full-load was analyzed. Finally, the frame structure of the parking garage was improved based on the result of simulation.

Taking the cargo hold from a 57000 DWT bulk carrier as an example, the movement of iron concentrate particles in the cargo hold was simulated by using the discrete element software EDEM. The effect of water content on the movement of the cargo is replaced by variation of the particle's friction coefficient. Considering the friction coefficient, particle size grading, particle collision recovery coefficient, rolling amplitude of cargo hold and cargo loading depth, 11 working conditions were designed and simulated. Results show that the decrease of friction coefficient, the increase of rolling amplitude and the loading capacity would aggravate the overall shift of the center of gravity of the cargos. In the case of the same loading depth, the more particles, the stronger the particle collision. And the collision recovery coefficient has little effect on the movement of particles.

The positioning accuracy detection of CORS system is an essential link before it is put into market. However, the location accuracy detection method does not take into account the correlation between the comprehensive environment around the detection point and the external coincidence accuracy, so the method is not rigorous and scientific. This paper proposes a method based on nonparametric statistics, which can verify the correlation between the comprehensive environment around the detection point and the external coincidence accuracy from a mathematical point of view, and then it is incorporated into the traditional positioning accuracy detection method, and is verified by a CORS system. The results are satisfactory, which proves that this method is very effective in compensating the integrity of CORS positioning accuracy detection method.

Nowadays, district central cooling system is used widely to provide cooling for a city or a large area. The existence of a large amount of vanadium brings unexpected problems to the prevention of high temperature. This paper discusses the main features of District centralized cooling system, introduces the characteristics and construction of the multi-energy system including district centralized cooling system. The corresponding planning and deployment methods are described. Design and deployment of system are introduced. From the energy system of Guangzhou university town and Qian Hai Area of Shen Zhen, the composition of energy system of district and its application in different area are studied.

From the perspective of passenger demand, according to the characteristics of different types of passengers, based on the generalized cost optimization, a passenger transfer selection model is constructed. According to the actual needs of passengers during the transfer process, the definition and calculation method of the generalized cost of passenger transportation products in the model of economy, fastness, comfort, convenience and reliability are proposed, and the critical value of passenger transfer time is studied. Finally, the calculation is carried out by taking the passengers transferred from Harbin to Changsha at the Beijing as the research object. The results show that the calculation results of this model can meet the transfer needs of different types of passengers.

Under the background of the promoting policies of electric vehicles development, the electrification of taxi is imperative in China. This paper aims to build an evaluating index system for the suitability of taxi vehicles from the perspective of actual taxi users to support local cities to choose adaptive electric vehicle types. Based on the analysis of operating characteristics and technical needs of taxi, a three-level index system of target level, standard level and index level is proposed. Safety, convenience, efficiency, economy, and comfort are proposed in target layer; and 17 indicators are defined in index layer, such as operation cost, average daily operation mileage, vehicle failure rate. Using questionnaire survey data of taxi drivers, the weights of each indicators are assigned by the analytic hierarchy process. The research results will effectively support the taxi industry management departments and taxi operating companies to make scientific decision-making in the process of taxi electrification, then promote the sustainable development of the taxi industry.

In order to understand variation of temperature stress in pavement interior in exterme or great cooling climate, the temperature stress behavior and structural applicability of three different base types in cold region were studied. With the help of Abaqus software, the temperature stress of the pavement under the environment of large temperature difference of 20°C, 30°C and 40°C daily is obtained, and the mechanical response of different base courses under the coupling effect of temperature and dynamic load is analyzed. The results show that composite base pavement has the best applicability in the cold region with large temperature difference. When the daily temperature difference increases by 10°C in winter, the variation range of road surface, asphalt base and cement stabilized macadamite top is about 30%∼35%, 15%∼28% and 41%∼50%, respectively. When the daily temperature difference increases by 10°C in summer, the stre-ss increases by 102%∼121%, 77%∼80% and 18%∼21%, respect-vely. The stress increase of composite base pavement is the least. Moreover, it still has advantages under the coupling effect of temperature and dynamic load. To be specific, all the mechanical indexes are small under the coupling effect of low temperature a-nd dynamic load. The shear stress of asphalt layer is better und-er the action of high temperature and dynamic load.

The phenomenon of intersection congestion has become a major problem in the city. Based on the intersection of Hexing road and Dazhi street, the delay phenomenon of Urban Road intersection is optimized. The intersection of Hexing road and Dazhi street is seriously delayed. In order to improve the road capacity of the intersection and reduce the delay of the intersection, the traffic characteristics parameters of the intersection during peak period are obtained, and the traffic capacity and intersection service level of the signalized intersection are analyzed and calculated. Based on the study of the basic content and research methods of signal timing at signalized intersections, the microscopic simulation software VISSIM was used to improve the traffic control scheme with serious delays at intersections and low urban road capacity, the simulation optimization is carried out by changing the signal timing and resetting the channelization scheme of intersection. Meanwhile, the signal timing of intersection is optimized. The results show that the traffic capacity of the intersection has been greatly improved by VISSIM simulation.

This paper analyzes the parking process of maglev trains, establishes the corresponding mathematical model, based on the method of terminal iterative learning control(TILC), uses the stopping position error in the previous braking process to update the current control curve. In this paper, we select the initial braking position, initial speed or braking force or a combination thereof as the control input, and formulate the corresponding learning law. Finally, a line is simulated, and the traditional TILC method and the optimal TILC method are compared through simulation experiments, which verify that the latter has a faster convergence speed.

In order to reduce the labor intensity of heavy-haul train drivers in the downgrade section and near the split phase area, the paper analyzes the factors that affect the driving strategy of heavy-haul train in accordance with the manual driving strategy. In this paper, a control model of heavy-haul train electric braking force based on support vector regression (SVR) is proposed to control the electric braking force. With the manual driving records used as training data, Electric braking force and other information are extracted as output results and features to train the control model. By trial and error, parameters of the control model are adjusted to optimize the model. The results show that the control model in this paper is close to the manual driving in the same situation, which is positive for reducing the labor intensity of drivers in heavy-haul railway.

Based on the practical case "the Consultation on Split Scheme of Beijing Rail Transit Line 13", this paper collects and forecasts the passenger flow information, to combine the situation of the line with the surrounding land use, to probe into those possible problems of the existing split scheme deeply. By adopting digital construction technology, three sets of transfer layout optimization schemes are studied and designed, in order to realize the seamless connection between 13A Line and 13B Line after split. Then, this paper is supposed to establish the index evaluation system, and the satisfactory optimization scheme is obtained by the comprehensive comparison and selection from the aspects of convenience for passengers, feasibility of scheme implementation and so on. AnyLogic software is used to build a simulation model of human-vehicle interaction, which realizes the effect display and dynamic index acquisition. And the optimization effect is analyzed from the perspective of transfer platform security.

In recent years, with the increasingly fierce competition, non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCCs) often pay freight for some small and medium-sized shippers in advance to win more customers. Therefore, NVOCC, whose main source of profit is freight difference, will adjust the freight rate to balance the risk-benefit relationship in the business process. Based on the above business process, this paper establishes the two-sided market pricing model, analyzing the pricing strategy of NVOCC. We find that there is a positive relationship between the capacity utilization and the optimal freight rate and profit of NVOCC; there is a threshold point for the incentive degree of the paid freight in advance by NVOCC to the small and medium-sized shippers: when the incentive degree is higher than the threshold point, the NVOCC obtains the maximum profit by paying freight for some small and medium-sized shippers in advance.

In order to accurately forecast the road section traffic volume, in this study, a spatial-temporal graph attention network model(GALSTM), which is based on graph attention architecture and long and short memory network(LSTM), is proposed to predict the traffic volume of road section. LSTM network is used to extract the temporal correlation of traffic flow data, and graph attention network is used to get adaptive adjacency matrix at each time step to capture the spatial correlation of road network. The proposed GALSTM model and other frequently-used traffic flow prediction methods were validated by using dataset collected by the California highway administration PeMS. Experimental results on two traffic datasets indicate that GALSTM model achieves the best prediction accuracy in all three evaluation metrics of mean absolute errors, mean absolute percentage errors, and root mean squared errors. GALSTM model can be used as an effective method to forecast the traffic volume of road section.

This paper takes railway terminal as research object, considers the diversity of passengers, and uses Anylogic software based on the social force model to build a dynamic simulation model of inbound walking path for complex passenger flow. BeijingWest Railway Station is taken as an example, and equipment utilization balance degree (EUBD), passenger density (PD), average walking time (AWT), passenger queue length (PQL) are selected to evaluate, and optimization suggestions are put forward. Research shows that increasing the number of security inspection equipment, escalators can significantly improve the efficiency of passengers entering the terminal, and the average walking time at the entrance on the northwest and middle side of the second floor is reduced by 73.83%, 65.99% respectively.

The number of electric vehicles keeps increasing, and security problems are becoming increasingly prominent. Through in-depth investigations of electric vehicle traffic accidents, the characteristics and laws of typical out-of-control accidents of electric vehicles are found, and the internal and external factors and mechanisms of such accidents are analysed. By summarising typical cases, pointing out the current problems in the investigation of electric vehicle accidents, it puts forward essential investigation items, investigation methods and new technical identification schemes for electric vehicles. The study fills the gap of the lack of special investigation and identification methods for electric vehicle out-of-control accidents and helps to identify the causes of electric vehicle out-of-control accidents.

Trajectory Based Operation (TBO) is the future vision of air traffic management, and provides efficiency, capacity and safety benefits by managing aircraft trajectories cooperatively. According to air traffic operational characteristic of responsibility airspace division, this paper presents a conflict-free trajectory generation for pre-tactical phase in TBO environment. Considering the traffic flow distribution and flight conflict, a detailed conflict-free trajectory planning algorithm based on waypoint trajectory constraint is developed. Some simulation results based on typical operational data are carried out to show the feasibility of proposed method. This work is of great significance to the development of trajectory management and decision tools to support TBO.

This paper proposes a shipping schedule design problem arising in near-sea liner shipping that aims to determine containership deployment plan, the arrival time at each port of call, and sailing speed for a given liner service route with hard time windows. The problem is transformed into a mixed integer nonlinear nonconvex optimization model, and further transformed into a mixed integer linear optimization model, which can be effectively solved by commercial solvers. The case studies based on a real-life service route show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed solution method. Results also demonstrate that the port time windows affect the total cost of a ship route, the optimal number of ships to deploy, and the optimal schedule.

As an important instruction recording device for civil aircraft, Quick Access Recorder (QAR) records the operating status of various aircraft systems. Therefore, QAR data is an important basis for aircraft safety assessment, maintenance inspection and failure analysis^[1][2]. The Terrain Avoidance Warning System (TAWS) provides the crew with a near-ground warning based on the aircraft's current track information (including the aircraft's current position, air pressure altitude, ground speed and track angle, etc.) and referring to terrain altitude data, obstacle data and airport data information. Generally, the QAR data can be used to obtain a more accurate judgment when a warning occurs in the TAWS system. Through the quantitative analysis of QAR data, this paper finds out the root cause of over speed approaching terrain warning in the flight process of an aircraft.

Taking Chengdu Shuangliu(CTU) and Chongqing Jiangbei(CKG) as examples, using flight data with methods such as volatility and external connection degree, the difference in slots allocation between adjacent regional hub airports from the time and space dimensions is quantitatively depicted. It shows that the overall flight schedule of CTU and CKG is similar, but during peak hours, the strong passenger demand of CTU Airport makes its flight volume more stable, moreover CKG enters the peak hour one hour later than CTU. The morning and evening peak-shaped flight waves are formed in both airports, but the take-off and landing intervals of CTU during peak hours are shorter than that of CKG. In addition, the take-off peak period of CKG is shorter than that of CTU; those with high external connections between the two airports are provincial capitals or sub-provincial cities in domestic, although some cities in remote provinces are more inclined to connect to CTU. International cities with higher external connections are all over China, especially nearly half of the international flights from both cities are to Southeast Asia, and connection degree between CTU and Southeast Asia is higher than Chongqing.

Bus congestion is a common phenomenon in the process of bus operation, which will worsen bus service to a certain extent and further affect residents' travel choice. To cope with this problem, this paper proposed a new passenger arrival model taking into account the usage of bus app, which represents the dynamic passenger arrival distribution and where bus capacity constraints are explicitly considered. First, a bus propagation model was developed to carry out theoretical analysis of the bus bunching problem. Afterwards, the new passenger arrival rule, namely, triangular passenger arrival rule, was obtained by fitting the researching data of the passengers who used "bus is coming" app. Finally, under this law of arrival, a new enhanced bus propagation model was developed. By comparing the simulated results, we found that the occurrence of bus bunching was reduced dramatically and the operation of the bus was more stable, which indicated the superiority of the triangular passenger arrival rule.

The urban multi-mode traffic system, which is composed of rail transit, bus and trolley bus, taxi (including online car Hailing), bicycle and walking, provides the basic guarantee for the daily travel of urban residents. Based on the analysis of urban multi-mode transportation system and network characteristics, the directed network diagram of multi-mode transportation system is constructed. Based on the research methods of related fields at home and abroad, aiming at the characteristics of urban residents' travel, especially commuting travel, a multi-objective optimization model of urban residents' travel scheme analysis from the perspective of travel time, travel cost, etc. is constructed. Considering the non-linear characteristics of the model, the multi-objective model is transformed into a single objective model, and the model is solved by CPLEX optimization software. Finally, the applicability and reliability of the model are verified by an example.

Large deformation and even collapse are prone to occur in tunnel crossing high geostress soft rock section, which seriously restricts the construction progress. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the construction parameters of high geostress soft rock section by bench method. Based on the Wu Nv Feng extra-long tunnel, this paper calculates and analyzes the surrounding rock deformation and structural stress under different excavation height, excavation length and excavation footage. The analysis shows that 2 / 3 h upper bench height can balance the influence of bench height on construction mechanics and construction convenience; considering the construction mechanical characteristics and excavation support time, the excavation height and excavation footage should be reduced as much as possible. Reasonable bench parameters play an important role in controlling the deformation of soft rock tunnel under high geostress, which can provide reference for tunnels with similar engineering geology and construction environment.

Rail transit has become one of the most important means of transportation in various countries, which brings huge energy consumption. This paper studies how to allocate the running time of trains between multiple stations to adjust the schedule, to achieve the purpose of energy-saving. Before time allocation between multiple stations, there must be an optimal operation strategy for single-station trains. Studies have shown that under the optimal operation strategy, the longer the time, the smaller the energy consumption, and the remaining redundant time is allocated based on the minimum time. The train operation schedule can reduce energy consumption. In the first phase of this paper, the minimum running time between stations is modeled and solved. Based on this, the existing optimal operation strategy is used to obtain the time and energy consumption relationship curve. In the second phase, the operation redundancy is allocated based on the train energy consumption time relationship model. In terms of time, the optimized energy-saving schedule is obtained to achieve the purpose of energy-saving train.

In order to improve the effectiveness and timeliness of the subway emergency plan knowledge, it is necessary to standardize and semantically express the emergency plan knowledge and promote the emergency response work to play a more efficient and timely role. Firstly, an ontology-based emergency planning knowledge modeling is proposed, and a unified and standardized metrology database for the emergency planning ontology is constructed. Secondly, drawing on the case reasoning method MyCBR, combined with the established subway operation accident case knowledge base, a case retrieval method based on semantic similarity is proposed to achieve efficient retrieval of subway emergency accident cases. Finally, Protégé software and MyCBR are used to realize the emergency reasoning knowledge reasoning and case retrieval function, which significantly improves the application efficiency of emergency response knowledge.

This paper mainly studies the influence of different curve positions of metro's small radius curve and the tidality of metro passenger flow on the development of inner rail corrugation. Based on the material friction and wear theory, the rail wear is simulated and analyzed to analyze the time-frequency characteristics of rail corrugated wear. And the development characteristics of rail corrugation are revealed by the analysis of the natural frequency response of the rail and the vibration mode analysis. The results show that the rail corrugation disease first appears on the circular curve, and the occurrence of corrugation is related to the lateral first-order and second-order bending vibrations of the rail. In addition, the tidal nature of subway passenger flow leads to the extension of the rail surface corrugation at its initial position, producing a series of sub-waves with different wave depths.

With the rapid growth of per capita car ownership, urban parking demand has increased sharply, and the contradiction between parking supply and demand has become increasingly prominent. Part of the reason for this problem is that under the conditions of the existing transportation facilities, the functions of parking facilities are not adequate Play. This paper takes the Xiangfang Wanda underground parking lot in Harbin City as the research object. Through questionnaires and observation records, the parking lot is investigated and analyzed. The parking lot is optimized by qualitative and quantitative methods, and finally based on fuzzy synthesis. Evaluation.

The imbalance between traffic supply and demand is the root cause of urban transport problems. Travel mode is the most direct carrier of travel activities. It is feasible to improve traffic problems by optimizing the system it constitutes. Taking the evolution process of the travel mode system as the research object, we modified the model based on the characteristics of different travel modes and built the self-organization evolution model of the travel mode system based on the logistics equation. Using the sensitivity analysis we concluded that the most significant factor influencing the final state of the system evolution is the coopetition relationship among ground buses, private cars, and rail transit. We further analyzed this relationship among three travel modes based on stability theory and obtained the development characteristics of the cooper-competition effect and the corresponding countermeasures, which provides an idea for the optimization of the system structure.

According to the rigid design standard of automotive seat frame structure, the strength and stiffness of a vehicle seat is analyzed and optimized in this paper. The finite element analysis results show that the initial design of the seat can basically meet the stiffness requirements under most standard test conditions. However, in the front crash test condition, there is a risk of strength failure in the seat rail. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the structure. Based on the engineering experience, local characteristics of the seat rail is modified. After conducting simulation of the improved seat structure, it is demonstrated that the seat meets all the design requirements of stiffness and strength.

The safety siding is an isolated line used to ensure safety on traffic operating. Too short a safety siding does not guarantee the safe operation of the train, while too long a safety siding will increase the cost and design difficulty of construction. The prior art specification says the length of the safety siding required is not less than 50m. Obviously, there is still uncertainty about the setting length of safety siding on specific line. This paper combines the characteristics of the suburban railway to design and develop a setting simulation system of safety siding. The safety siding calculation model is established by the traction calculation method, which includes different factors such as braking ratio, train speed, line parameters, signal system and application scenarios. Moreover, it designs the structure and function of the simulation system and discusses the key techniques of simulation. Finally, taking the Fuzhou Railway Station as an example to verify the simulation system. The results show that when the different lines and train parameters are configured, the design length of the result is also different. The simulation system could accomplish the design of the safety siding in different scenes. The calculation results are reliable and have engineering application value.

When using controlled blasting technology to demolish a building, the blasting vibration caused by the blasting process may harm the surrounding structure of the blasting area. To study the influence of blasting vibration on the adjacent subway structure, this paper takes the blasting demolition of a building in Chengdu as an example, analyzes the load during the blasting process, establishes the stratum-structure and load-structure finite element models of the subway structure, and simulates the dynamic response process of the structure, and then studies the safety impact of blasting demolition vibration on the adjacent subway structure. Studies have shown that: under the blasting construction scheme in this paper, the impact of blasting vibration on the subway structure is within a safe and controllable range.

Aim at the widely used energy —saving lamp in highway tunnel, in accordance with the relevant requirements in JTG/T D70/2— 01—2014" Design Details of Highway Tunnel Lighting", traffic prediction theory and multi-source information fusion method, internet of things technology was applied to tunnel lighting control. Taking a highway tunnel as background, this parper carried out application study on the on-demand lighting technology of highway tunnel, and it built LED tunnel lighting system on demand and developed dimming control system for highway tunnel based on the Internet of things, and it achieved networked and intelligent management of lighting energy saving.

In order to verify the fatigue-durability performance of chassis components, the simulation and analysis process is established in this paper based on CDTire model. High-accuracy tire model is constructed by CDTire modeling software according to the tire test data. The multi-body dynamics simulation is completed by combining the CDTire model with the vehicle model. The load of chassis components is extracted and imported into fatigue software. The swing arm is taken as an example for calculation. This analysis process can guide the analysis of chassis components and shorten the development cycle.

On the basis of analyzing the logical structure of grid information model (GIM), a modeling method of GIM using the set theory is proposed for the substations. By studying the coupling principle of power flow and information flow, the GIM was defined as the interconnection between the set of physical objects and the set of information objects. Then, the GIM was decomposed into the power subsystem and load subsystem, which were described from the aspects of input, output, state changes and network structure. Under the constraints of the existing power grid network, subsystems were connected in accordance with rules from different perspectives to form the complete GIM system.

From the perspective of low carbon logistics, we take into account the environmental costs caused by the carbon emissions of battery electric vehicles. In addition, according to the customer's certain requirements for the delivery time during the actual delivery process, this paper introduces the penalty cost of the time window, thus constructing a delivery route optimization model with the goal of minimizing the total delivery cost. Then, this problem is solved by using the Ant Colony Algorithm. Finally, the case design is used for empirical analysis.

Traditional network design approach neglected the impact of network-wide location of service facility configuration on hub network designing scheme. In order to improve the mutual adaptability between hub network scheme and service facility configuration, the selections including the location of hubs, the itinerary of OD pairs and the allocation of both types and number of service facilities on each link were considered as the decision variables. The limitations of the maximum expected number of service facilities deploying on each link and the total service time of each facility type were treated as constraints. Then an integrated mathematical model of p-hub median problem and service facility configuration was constructed. A numeric example with the scale of 9 cities, 4 types of aircraft and 72 OD pairs in domestic airline industry in 2016 is used to verify the feasibility. The results indicate that the approach can decrease the hub network designing cost by 1.34% and the adaptability of hub network scheme to service facility configuration is significantly raised as compared to the traditional approach.

This paper aims at the problems of traditional induction signal control. By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of other timing signal control methods and induction signal control methods, an induction signal control method based on queuing length is proposed. The signal setting method of induction signal control method based on queuing length is analyzed in combination with the characteristics of queue length change and traffic flow. The method presented in this paper is introduced to optimize the length of the green light in the various phases of the previous period, the number of vehicles and the length of the queue, to predict the average head time distance and the queue length of the next cycle, so as to calculate the green light time and the period length of the next cycle of the intersection. At last, VISSIM simulation software is used to compare and analyze the traffic efficiency of induction signal control and traditional induction signal control based on queuing length, and verify the adaptability, feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme.

In order to ensure the normal operation of the bus terminal, the external traffic organization of the bus terminal is studied. This article takes Xi'an Chengnan passenger station as an example, analyzes its external traffic organization in detail, and finds out the problems in the traffic organization of the passenger station based on the survey results. Then, according to the requirements of the external transportation organization, a scheme for optimizing the external transportation organization was proposed, which was carried out using VISSIM simulation software, and the feasibility of the optimization scheme was verified.

The operation of mountainous highways is of high risks and the emergency rescue after an accident is of great difficulty. Affected by the mountains, river densities and other topographic features, highways in mountainous areas are characterized by linear complexity, long span bridge and tunnel group, frequent transitions among subgrade-bridge-tunnel, steep slopes, complex setup of interchange, changeable climate and easy occurrence of secondary accident, etc. In the 5G Internet era, the artificial intelligence theories and methods continue to deepen. To fully integrate emerging information technologies such as computer vision and Edge-cloud Integration to establish a high-risk road sections identification and driving early warning system in mountainous areas will help drivers to drive, promote the intellectualization of mountainous highways, and improve the safety of traffic operation management. In this paper, the Edge-cloud Integration technology and the navigation map data, combined with vehicle vision, are used to establish an early traffic warning system. This system collects and shares data through vehicle-mounted terminal and navigation map, uses Matter-element Model to identify and measure risk in cloud, and feeds back the results to vehicle-mounted terminal. If the identification result shows that it is the high-risk sections, combined with the navigation map, there will be a voice warning to ensure driving safety.

The traffic management system in civil aviation adopts map projection when processing the target track position, but the distortion caused by the coordinate projection error will affect the processing accuracy of the system. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes an optimization method based on the networking mode, constructs multiple networking centers and processing units to form a target tracking report relationship, implements distributed processing splicing according to the regional target situation, and discusses the coordinates in the system networking mode Principles of the use of the system and coordinate conversion. By updating the calculation, the effect of dealing with large-area projection errors is effectively reduced, which provides ideas for my country to establish a nationwide air traffic management system.

To improve the operation efficiency of the trams on the arterial, a green-wave coordinated control scheduling method for trams at intersections is proposed. The influence of the tram on the green wave programming model is analyzed, and the calculation formula of the intersection distance in the programming model is amended. Tram priority signal control system is introduced, including the absolute priority and the relative priority. Combined with these two priority schemes, according to the type of intersection and the time when the tram arrives at the intersection, the tram priority control strategy is designed. Then the position of the tram detector is studied. According to the regularity of tram's operation, the appropriate interval between the departure times of trams is proposed to prevent multiple trams arriving within the same traffic signal period. Finally, the microscopic traffic simulation software VISSIM is used to establish the coordination control model of the tram line in Huaian city, in order to validate the proposed method.

Transportation is the leading and basic industry in the national economy. It is an indispensable and irreplaceable part of social production and living organization system. The macro analysis of the literature in the field of transportation can provide a new perspective for researchers and managers. This paper uses vosviewer software, based on the keyword co-occurrence relationship of literature, to cluster the conference documents published by the Transportation Research Board of the United States from 2015 to 2019, and analyze in detail eight key areas, including aviation, highway, marine transportation, motor carriers, pedestrians and bicyclists, pipelines, public transportation and railroads. The above analysis reveals the research status of the whole and 8 key sub fields in the field of transportation, so as to provide support for science and technology planning and decision-making in the field of transportation.

This paper selects the data of 12 years of operation of China's high-speed railways for empirical analysis. It constructs a VAR model between high-speed railway construction and economic development, and introduces two intermediate variables that make railway transportation capacity and human capital. Through the Johansen cointegration relationship test and Granger causality test, this paper can find that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between high-speed railway construction and economic development. The construction of high-speed railways promotes economic development through the transmission multiplier effect. Finally, forecast the operating mileage of high-speed railways in the next three years. And then put forward corresponding suggestions for the current interactive relationship between high-speed railway and economic development‥

In recent years, China's economy has developed rapidly, especially in the Internet industry and e-commerce. These have led to the rapid growth of the express industry. The express delivery industry has a huge demand for transportation. However, due to the speed and convenience of highway, the highway transportation occupies a large market share. Due to relevant policies and the inadequate transportation capacity resource allocation, a large number of medium and long-distance freight flows that are suitable for railway transportation choose highway transportation. This not only greatly reduces the profits of the railway transportation department, increases the carbon emission of the transportation system, but also makes the load of some road sections higher than expected. Therefore, in order to protect the environment and enhance the market competitiveness of the railway department, the optimization of the railway express freight train schedule is an urgent task.

On the basis of previous research results, this paper first calculates the generalized cost of highway and railway from the perspective of the cargo owner, and finds out whether the cargo owner will choose railway, that is, which freight flow will be attracted to the railway. Then, with the maximization of the profits of the railway department as the objective function, the 0-1 integer programming model is established under the constraints of railway transportation capacity, freight transportation time and decision variable value restrictions, etc. Finally, a small-scale example is designed. After put the data into the model, the optimized operation plan of railway express freight trains is obtained.

As the pace of urbanization in Chengdu continues to accelerate, the construction of urban roads has also been strengthened.2015 forming a dense urban road network. People often say that the city is too noisy. In fact, from a professional point of view, it is urban road noise. Therefore, under the influence of more and more people from urban road noise, it is necessary to investigate the generation and impact of urban road noise and related prevention measures. This article explains the causes and hazards of Chengdu's road noise, and puts forward opinions and suggestions on urban road noise in order to provide some research materials for the same type of urban noise prevention.

Car-sharing has been emergent in many cities all over the world due to the environmental sustainability and the diverse service for users. However, the huge investment and the long payback period hinder the development of car-sharing. To this end, this study attempts to mine the value of car-sharing users in terms of empirical data, aiming to provide suggestions for companies to enhance user management. Based on the order data of a car-sharing company, several indicators are defined. On the basis, the users are divided into three categories, namely high-value users, low-value users and potential users. Furthermore, with the proposed indicators and the personal attributes, a prediction model is developed based on random forest method to predict the category of users in advance. The results show that with the observation period of 7 weeks, the long-term value type of a user can be predicted with accuracy of more than 80%.

Modern air transport is an important part of national economy, however, the air transport construction of China still lags behind developed countries. Here we construct the air transport networks of China, US and EU by taking cities as nodes and airlines as edges to study their characteristics comparatively. Through observing the statistical results of topological indices included degree, excess average degree and betweenness, we find the less branch airlines and the higher workload of hub cities are the factors restricting the air transport network of China. Then based on the indices sorts, we classify the air transport cities into global hub nodes, regional hub nodes and general nodes to show their different importance in the network. We consider that it is necessary to increase the numbers of global hub nodes and branch airlines, and improve their invulnerable abilities. This paper may provide references for guiding the air transport network construction of China.

After the completion of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway, this paper studies the market sharing rate of the normal-speed railway, high-speed railway and civil aviation aircraft in the Beijing-Guangzhou line, and the broad travel cost of passengers. Ticket price, speediness, safety, comfort, convenience and punctuality are selected as evaluation indexes. Combined with the improved Logit model, a multiple discrete choice model of passenger travel is established. Then this paper investigates the travel intention of passengers and the actual data needed for model indicators. At last, the share rate of various modes of transportation in the Beijing-Guangzhou under the circumstances of different distances and different time values is predicted, as well as the impact of air fares on the competitiveness of high-speed rail products.

This paper puts forward the ideas and methods for evaluating the transfer and connection ability of multi-mode rail transit, including high-speed railway, inter-city railway, regional railway and urban rail transit. In the first place, based on the transfer station, the transfer process of passenger flow is analyzed. After that, there are three ratios taken as calculation indexes which are the ratio of transport capacity to transport capacity, service facilities capacity to transport capacity, waiting time to transfer process time. In the end, a crucial step, the transfer capacity of rail transit terminal is calculated by using the entropy weight and TOPSIS method. In summary, a set of methods and procedures for evaluating the transfer and connection capacity of rail transit terminal are obtained, and an example is given to illustrate the transfer system to the subway system of Chengdu East Passenger Transport station on a certain day.

The transportation industry is the country's basic industry, in 2019, the State Council first proposed the transportation power development program. This paper introduces the background and current development of China's transportation industry, focusing on the evaluation index system of traffic strength, analyzes the current situation of China's transportation industry. The overall situation is large but not strong, and there is a certain gap compared with developed countries. Finally, the development trend of the transportation industry is prospected.

For short-term passenger flow in urban railway transit has the characteristics of nonlinear distribution, a combined forecasting model based on variable-point model and neural networks model is proposed. First, the Pettitt method, the optimal segmentation algorithm, the BG segmentation algorithm(BGSA) and the wavelet analysis method are used to detect the change point of the passenger flow sequence at the memorial hall station, identify the change point of the passenger flow curve and divide the interval, and the passenger flow is predicted and verified by using the Multilayer neural network (MLP) and the radial basis function neural network (RBF). The results show that the wavelet analysis-RBF combined model based on change point detection has the root mean square error of 24.20 and the mean absolute percentage error of 3.52%. Compared with the single neural network model, it improves forecasting accuracy.

Ship inspection is a highly professional and technical administrative permission work, which is the first link to ensure the safety of navigation and operation of the ship. Under the new situation of powerful transportation and high-quality development, we need to reexamine the development connotation of China's legal inspection system, analyze the problems existing in the existing ship inspection and inspection management system, clarify the challenges and opportunities faced by the ship inspection system, initially put forward effective solutions, and provide necessary decision-making reference for the standardized construction of ship inspection management.

Combined with the favorable situation of passenger roll transportation in Qiongzhou Strait in the new era, following the guidance of liner policy and the macro market demand closely, the passenger roll transportation in Qiongzhou Strait is defined as the "golden channel" serving the national economy and people's livelihood, which is judged as the economic development channel, tourism support channel, agricultural and trade transport channel, residents' communication channel, green travel channel and combat readiness support channel, and is also committed to promoting the construction of modern, scientific and reasonable comprehensive passenger and cargo transportation channels, to provide high-quality development services for the Qiongzhou Strait water passenger and passenger transportation.

The construction and integration of infrastructure is the hardware foundation for the air-rail intermodal system. The overall structural characteristics and traffic radiation range of The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regional railway network were analyzed with complex network theory. The railway structures including four major airports of The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region were analyzed. The corresponding optimization ideas are put forward based on the current railway network and existing planning.

Based on the statistical data provided by the State Administration for Market Regulation, China Automobile Industry Association and China Consumers' Association, this study analyzes the trends and characteristics of automobile recalls in China from 2008 to 2017. Studies have shown that automobile recalls in China have become a normal trend, there is a recall almost every two days and most recalls are initiated by a few automobile manufacturers. The recall of auto brands such as Volkswagen and Honda usually occur in the first 5 years of the model year. This shows that consumers should pay more attention to the after-sales and maintenance services in this period when buying a car.

The present study summarizes major challenges in integration of maritime patrol, search and rescue, and proposes corresponding solutions based on previous studies and relevant practice in China and abroad. The patrol mode that integrates cruise, search and rescue is expected to fulfill patrol missions while improving the ships' capacity for search and rescue. In other words, cruise, search and rescue are fulfilled at the same time. At present, major challenges in integration of maritime patrol, search and rescue include problems in organizational planning, layout of sites, deployment and training of personnel, quality of rescue-and-rescue equipment, logistical support and soft environment for integration. Based on rescue capacity building in China and advanced search and rescue modes and technologies of other countries, this study puts forward corresponding measures to upgrade organizational planning, realize proper layout of sites for cruise, search and rescue, cultivate personnel, improve performance of equipment, increase the application of information technologies, improve logistical support, and foster an enabling soft environment for integration of cruise, search and rescue.

The energy consumption of urban rail transit station is an important part of the total energy consumption. In this paper, we focus on the energy consumption of urban rail transit stations. After analyzing the influencing factors and their relationship of station energy consumption from the aspects of electromechanical equipment and operation level, we establish the causal loop diagram of the influencing factors of station energy consumption based on system dynamics, and construct the system dynamics model of station energy consumption. Through simulation calculation, the effects of various influencing factors on the total energy consumption of the station are obtained. Moreover the key factors affecting station energy consumption are found. At last, the concrete measures to improve the energy consumption and energy saving efficiency of the station are presented, which provides theoretical support for the optimization of energy saving of the urban rail transit system.

This paper gives a brief introduction of coal transportation layout in China, and analyzes Haoji Railway using SWOT analysis method, establishes a model to calculate the comprehensive transportation cost of coal by Haoji Railway, Sea-river Combination and highway transport respectively, and the model takes time value and price cuts into consideration. The results show that Haoji is favorable under certain conditions. Finally, some relevant suggestions are put forward accordingly.

At present, with the steady acceleration of infrastructure construction in the western region and the continuous growth of the urban economy, people's living standards have been greatly improved, which has driven the development of urban transportation. With the increasing saturation of urban traffic, the problem of noise pollution is becoming more and more prominent. This article takes the Chengdu area as an example. Due to the rapid development of urban construction, the newly built and expanded urban roads pro mote the transformation from remote areas to prosperous and noisy areas. This change has caused serious traffic noise pollution to the surrounding environment to a certain extent. The noise pollution of urban arterial roads has caused a lot of disturbance to urban residents. Therefore, the study attempts to formulate corresponding treatment methods by analyzing the current situation of Chengdu's road traffic noise and combining with the specific conditions of the region, in order to provide theoretical support for the same type of urban noise treatment.

"Transportation service is convenient, comfortable, economical and efficient" is one of the purposes of " The Program of Building National Strength in Transportation". The high-capacity and high-efficiency fast passenger and freight services provided by the aviation industry meet this need. Civil aviation industry is not only a social service industry, but also an industry closely related to the economic situation. At present, there is a lack of research on the evaluation of socioeconomic adaptability of civil aviation development. From aspects of civil aviation development and economy and society, this paper constructs the index system of socioeconomic adaptability of civil aviation development. And then in this paper, the method of DEA is used to evaluate its adaptability, and the year with better adaptability is found. At the same time, this paper also briefly analyzes the fluctuation of civil aviation passenger transport market, which lays a theoretical foundation for the subsequent development planning of civil aviation, and promotes the high-quality development of civil aviation to a certain extent. And it will achieve the goal of "people's aviation for the people", and then promote the process of building a powerful transportation country.

With the continuous development of Chinese civil aviation industry, the airport construction facilities built in different periods of time have suffered from the dilemma of idle, abandoned or even demolished, so it needs to be protected and utilized from the perspective of industry. Taking the historical buildings of Tianjin Airport as an example, this paper first expounds the development course of Tianjin Airport construction, and then delimits the protection scope and functional partition of the airport historical buildings by means of field survey and textual research, and then the AHP and Delphi method are used to evaluate the comprehensive value of the historic buildings of Tianjin Airport. Finally, according to the evaluation results, it is proposed to apply to the overall protection planning of the historic buildings of Tianjin Airport.

Traffic congestion has become a serious problem in urban area. It may be alleviated by effectively controlling the external conditions affecting the traffic networks. In this paper, various traffic assignment methods are employed to analyze the correlation between OD demand and traffic flow in urban traffic network. To explore the effects of external conditions, three algorithms including all or nothing algorithm, Dial algorithm and MSA algorithm are applied for traffic networks. We study the sensitivity of traffic assignment methods with variation of external conditions (e.g. the number of road sections, the number of intermediate nodes, the number of OD pairs). The comparison results show that the degree of influences depends on OD demands. Additionally, the traffic congestion can be alleviated by removing the node or sections of traffic networks, which can be used to develop traffic management strategies.

Based on the study of the influence mechanism of airports on regional economic development, this paper empirically analyzes the interaction between small and medium-sized airports and regional economic development by using the data of Mianyang Nanjiao airport from 2002 to 2017, in order to provide measurement methods and theoretical support for local governments to encourage and promote the development of local airports. In the part of empirical analysis, firstly, this paper constructs the air transport scale index system of small and medium-sized airports and the evaluation index system of regional economic development. Then, the entropy method is selected to select the key factors of the airport, so as to obtain the airport transportation capacity equivalent, and the principal component analysis method is used to extract the high load index of the regional economic system. Finally, this paper establishes the SVAR model of airport transportation capacity and regional economic relationship, carries out structural impulse response and variance decomposition analysis, draws the conclusion that small and medium-sized airports have a positive impact on regional economic development, but not significant, and analyzes the reasons.

Based on the theory of dynamic flow, we study the optimization problem of dynamic reverse lane, that is, the selection of the road section and the optimization of the time period of lane reverse operation. We abstract an evacuation road network as a directed network with variable capacity, and define the critical dynamical edge for increasing the dynamical maximum flow value of such network. We can get alternative links and corresponding time period for lane-reversal operation by searching critical dynamical edges for increasing the dynamical maximum flow value. We present a modified algorithm to find such critical dynamical edges on the basis of the maximal capacity path algorithm for the static maximum flow problem. We also give a numerical example and test the effects through traffic simulation. The results show that evacuation time can be effectively decreased through taking dynamical reversal lane scheme in regional evacuation.

The development of public transport will have an important impact on the survival and development of the city. The deterioration of the traffic situation will lead to urban problems, such as energy waste, environmental pollution, urban development lag. In some areas, the priority development strategy of public transport has been adopted and adhered to for a long time. Not only can the rapid economic development, land and energy resources be effectively utilized, but the ecological environment is also protected from damage, and the strategic decision of sustainable development is implemented.[1]This paper takes the most representative bus in urban public transport as an example for analysis. Taking the current situation of public transport in Jinan as the breakthrough point, this paper discusses the impact of public transport on the development of Jinan, and discusses the direction of improvement. At the same time, this paper puts forward some views on how to develop urban public transport in Jinan and how to realize the direction of building a central city in the Yellow River Basin.

In order to improve the development quality of China's freight logistics, improve the efficiency of resource utilization, the article uses ARIMA-SVR-DEA method to forecast the freight logistics in our country delayed data and calculate the delayed freight logistics efficiency, and the results show that the unreasonable utilization of resources is the reason for the inefficiency of freight logistics, which provides a reference for the development of freight logistics industry.

China's high-speed rail is already at the forefront of the world. The layout of the high-speed railway bus terminal is not only related to the construction of the high-speed rail network, but also a major strategic decision for urban development, and it is related to another leap forward development opportunity for the city. At present, the evaluation plan of the railway hub passenger transport system is not perfect, because many aspects of the plan are difficult to quantify, and it is prone to inaccurate judgments of factors that lead to more one-sided conclusion. This paper establishes a comparatively comprehensive set of layout evaluation indicators, advocates selecting or creating a corresponding index construction index system according to the characteristics of the evaluation target, and combines the entropy weighting method and the TOPSIS method to form a new rating method and applies it to the layout evaluation.

This paper analyzes the impact of high-speed rail (HSR) on regional tourism from the perspective of per capita hotel consumption and regional hotel industry market power in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. This paper shows that the construction of HSR is not conducive to the coordinated development of the inter-regional hotel industry, especially when there is a large gap in economic development and tourism competitiveness between the two places, the siphoning effect of HSR will be very obvious. HSR may become a factor that restricting the development of hotel industry in economically backward areas.

In the logistics system, logistics nodes play an important role. The centre-of-gravity method is one of the most basic methods in solving the problem of single facility location. The thesis first uses the K-means clustering algorithm to divide the demand points into k clusters, and the k value is selected by the elbow method. Then, the k clusters are regarded as a single facility location problem and analyzed by the center of gravity method. In practical applications, the discrete model analysis can be cited to further obtain the optimal solution.

Since the launch of the "16+1 Cooperation", political mutual trust between China and Central and Eastern Europe Countries (CEECs) has been increasing, and economic cooperation relationship has continued to advance. Aiming at the demand of international strategic development 'going global', this paper analyzes the development trend of logistics and establishes a mathematical model for location selection of the logistics transshipment center of Chinese enterprise based on the demand of cargos and the transportation distance. According to the total trade volume of the CEECs from 2013 to 2017, the paper introduces the Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm (AFSA) to solve the model and finds the optimal logistics transshipment centers under different number of locations. The results show that AFSA is suitable for location selection of the logistics transshipment centers and can provide an important reference for China's logistics enterprises.

The development of modern tram in China is very rapid while the passenger flow effects of many existing tram lines are not as good as expected. In order to find out the main causes and countermeasures, this paper compares the passenger flow effects of 49 tram lines at home and abroad by indicator named passenger flow intensity. Then the impacts of land exploitative intensity of nearby regions, average distance between stations and traffic conditions of the same corridor on passenger flow effect are analyzed based on specific cases. Suggestions of strengthening land exploitative intensity of regions along the tram line, shortening the average distance between stations, avoiding setting tram line on the corridor where road traffic is not heavy or there are multiple parallel rail transit lines are finally made to improve pass enger flow effect of tram line.

It is important to formulate road safety strategic plan for improving road safety. The road safety strategic plans of several other countries in the world are studied in this paper. The differences between China's road safety plan and other countries' are obtained. We can design the objective framework of China's road safety strategic plan from the perspective of technology, and put forward specific suggestions for formulating China's road safety strategic plan.

The highway safety audit is a means to improve the safety level and service ability of highway. Based on the safety audit of Cambodian highway in the construction drawing design and the investigation on the local road network conditions, the countermeasures for improving the road traffic safety and the suggestions for the future development of road traffic safety are put forward.

This article has been retracted by IOP Publishing after the authors contacted us to advise that the methodology used in this paper was erroneous and the results presented were unreliable.

Specifically, the environmental parameters for maximum daily temperature and minimum surface temperature related to the pavement temperature field were incorrectly selected, leading to incorrect conclusions about the applicability of the chosen type of pavement structure.

After an investigation in line with COPE guidelines, IOP Publishing agrees with these findings and has decided to retract the work.

IOP Publishing wishes to credit the authors for bringing the issue to our attention.

Retraction published: 13 October 2023