Table of contents

2^nd International Conference "Advances in Environmental Engineering" (AEE2019) organised by Faculty of Mining and Geology of the VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava and Faculty of Civil Engineering of the Technical University of Košice was held in November 25-27, 2019 in Ostrava, Czech Republic.

The conference offered an international platform for the dissemination of original research results, new ideas and discovered advances in the field of environmental engineering and related interdisciplinary topics. In addition, the valuable professional programme was extended by a social program including the interesting technical excursions.

List of Sponsors, Editors, Scientific Committee, Organising Guarantees, Organising Committee and List of Reviewers available in this pdf.

Advances in Environmental Engineering 2019, November 25-27, 2019, Ostrava, Czech Republic

List of authors available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the proceedings Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

This paper deals with the issue of preventive civil protection from emergency incidents in water structures. The first part of the work focuses on the methods of water retention development and its use. Then follows the presentation of current status in the Czech Republic and the world regarding hydro plants. In the last part of this paper the Procedure for Estimating Loss of Life Caused by Dam Failure according to DSO-99-06, used in the USA with parameters of Whaley Dam, is described. The other part deals with possible issues of civil protection in emergency situations in dams.

Ultrafiltration was investigated within the pilot-plant tests at the Rozgrund water treatment plant during the treatment of surface water originating from the Rozgrund reservoir. Fully automated ultrafiltration equipment with the membrane module UA-640 (Microdyn-Nadir) was used. On the base of filtration cycles, the effectiveness of membraned technology was evaluated. By the application of membrane technology used, the required quality of treated water has been achieved.

Pesticides can get in drinking water sources above all by means of agricultural activities, and they can negatively affect not only the environment but also our health. Adsorption is one of the water treatment processes used for pesticide removal from water. Our laboratory trial studying removal of pesticides from raw water used the sorption process on two selected sorbents. The laboratory experiment was performed at the Institute of Municipal Water Management, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Brno University of Technology. Charcoal was one of the sorbents, used in the form of Filtrasorb F100. The other sorbent was Bayoxide E33, selected due to its favourable results in removal of metals from water. The measured values suggest that Filtrasorb F100 reduced concentrations of most pesticides down to the lower limit of measurability. Only pesticide metazachlor ESA showed continuous increase of concentration in the course of the filtration. Bayoxide E33 was unable to remove pesticides. Most pesticides were desorbed by the material after a time, only in the case of two pesticides (atrazin-2-hydroxy and terbuthylazin-desethyl-2-hydroxy) concentrations were reduced down to the limit of measurability.

The article focuses on the characteristics of the microbial community in the postmining territory of Poproč (Slovak Republic), where polymetallic ore was mined in the past. The investigated waste substrates are characterized by the still high presence of antimony, arsenate, lead and other toxic and potentially toxic metals and semimetals. Microbial activity in postmining substrates was established on the basis of the presence of functional microbial biomass by fumigation-extraction method. The results are complemented by additional ecosystem parameters, in particular, the representation of individual cultivable groups of microorganisms. The activity of the microbial community is in direct interaction with the post-mining environmental burden and can, therefore, be considered as an indicator of the revitalization of the in situ environment.

The article deals with increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment by changing the technology in the village to thousands of inhabitants. The original technology of the wastewater treatment plant from the already unsatisfactory technology of biological processes treatment was carried out after the reconstruction of the wastewater treatment using a process of directional operations with nitrification and upstream denitrification. At the end of the paper are evaluated the results of measurement and evaluation after the reconstruction of the treatment plant and the best results with the results that were measured before reconstruction. These results show that the pollution concentration has decreased for all loss indicators. All values are limited below the allowable dose limit and the greatest changes occurred in BOD5, CODCr and N-NH4 +, where the pollution dropped by at least half. Ammonia nitrogen decreased by 97% after the treatment plant reconstruction. The average decrease was by 10.7 mg/l. After the reconstruction of the wastewater treatment plant, the effects of the treatment increase, especially for N-NH4 +, Nc and Pc by 20%. In systems with sessile biomass a higher degree of sludge mineralization is used due to the higher age of microorganisms.

Risk assessment of defined types of hazards and their negative impacts in the territory is the basis for creating risk maps. Risk maps, following up the tasks from the concept of civil protection, will provide quality data for qualified decision-making in territorial planning. The article captures the process of creating risk maps in the Czech Republic in relation to territorial planning and sustainable development of the territory.

Inorganic coagulants, synthetic organic polymers and alternative natural coagulants are used to treat raw water into drinking water and in wastewater treatment. In this experiment, model dairy water and kaolin water were treated with four alternative coagulants. Trigonella foenum-graecum proved to be the best coagulant among the selected alternative coagulants.

The development of urbanized areas leads to abiding negative changes in the landscape. The percentage of impermeable surfaces in the cities is increasing. Currently, efforts are being made to replace paved surfaces with alternative materials that contribute to reducing surface runoff. The aim of this paper is to get acquainted briefly with legislation dealing with the issue of rainwater management, with standards ensuring the correct design of rainwater infiltration devices and with the quality requirement of infiltrated water. In the second part, the paper summarizes the knowledge from the given area.

This article is focused on utilization of geothermal potential of mining water in the North Bohemian brown Coal Basin. Using of geothermal energy reduce CO² which is one from interest for protecting of the environment and with sustainable development. Other benefit is that geothermal energy is that cost effective. Although geothermal energy has many advantages is not so much utilized. In terms of geothermal energy, the site, as part of the Krušnohorské and Podkrušnohorské area, and these are to the most promising areas in the Czech Republic sections characterized by high heat flow. In article is presented the case study at Bílina mine. The field research covered water temperature measurement and the abundance of four hydro-geological boreholes and results showed that although the geothermal potential of the mine water is not significant, there will be great potential in low-temperature energy source use for heat pumps.

The Slovak Republic has a rich mining history. Despite of the decrease of mine activities in Slovak regions, there are still the abandoned sites that can cause environmental risks due to a generation of the acid mine drainages. These waters contain many toxic pollutants, mainly heavy metals and sulphates, which have negative impact on the environment. The paper deals with a study of the influence of the abandoned mine Smolnik (Slovakia) on the aquatic environment. The chemical analyses of waters reveal negative impact on the Smolnik creek after the contamination by acid mine drainages mainly sulphates and heavy metals as iron, manganese, aluminium, copper, and zinc.

A large number of secondary raw materials arise from industrial production. It is necessary to find a way for the use of these materials not utilisable for the primary production, for example, to adjust physically-mechanical and chemical properties in order to manufacture the artificial soil substrate for reclamation of those areas which are affected by industrial activities. Then the whole cycle is finally closed. My focus is on the adaptation and utilisation of secondary raw materials. This raw material arises from the treatment of industrial water during cellulose production. The raw material is adapted and utilised by using by-energy products and excavation of soils. We created a special production process for this purpose. We included semi-mobile technological production line that allows for qualitative entry change with the use of physically-mechanical processes, in order to create a certificated reclamation mixture according to specific formulas.

The paper focuses on an assessment of a river habitat quality in piedmont streams using a bioindication by the brown trout. The study was performed at four sites, piedmont streams in Slovakia, but modelling procedure herein is particularly described only for the Handlovka River, in the Nitra basin. For the field and modelling work, a natural reference reach and a regulated reach have been chosen within each stream. Hydrometric, geodetic and morphological measurements were conducted. The paper focuses on modelling in the Hydrocheck software and Computer Software System for Environmental Flow Analysis (SEFA) based on the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) and result output is the Area Weighted Suitability (AWS). The abiotic parameters for modelling were chosen as depth and velocity rates. The biotic parameter was chosen as an ichthyologic abundance of the brown trout. The results show significant difference between natural and modified channel, presenting natural reach as more suitable for fish abundance with higher AWS score. The regulated reaches are significantly affected by the river regulation, construction of concrete panels and sever contamination from anthropogenic runoff. On the contrary, the natural channels offer enough morphological structure and various shelter possibilities for enhancement of fish population.

The foreseen climatic changes and thus related changes in the water supplies shall largely concerns the industry. The paper reviews the current conditions in the supplies of service water in the industry, and aims to identify the options how to supply the industry with water in the periods of drought. In particular, it focuses on medium-sized companies that require water for their technologies. The paper builds on the knowledge of circular economy to target both financial and raw material savings.

This publication deals with the migration permeability of watercourses in the Czech Republic and in the world from the point of view of the constructions enabling this migration. The goal of this article is to compare the situation of fish ladders in the individual continents with the situation in the Czech Republic. It is clear that the area of migration permeability of watercourses was only a marginal topic worldwide, but this sphere of water management has recently gained increasing importance.

The territorial system of ecological stability is an integral part of spatial planning activities. The paper compares and analyses this system in selected cities of the Czech Republic and tries to identify factors that influence the overall area of the system elements. The paper compares data on territorial system of ecological stability in the administrative territory of four selected cities - Ostrava, Český Tešín, Nový Jičín, and Jihlava. These data are based on data from the Czech Statistical Office and town and country planning plans. Their example shows that the overall scope of TSES does not always depend on the nature of a consistent city environment. At the end, the link to the current issue of BIM is briefly described.

Modern geographic information systems are able to visualize almost any information in their maps. Important is the data that the GIS should visualize. This data consists of information from the cadaster, passports or city plan. This paper discusses the possibilities of visualizing climate data based on a sensory network. The results can be used in the planning and development of the city. Internet of Things is a modern part of the Smart City concept that forms the basis of the modern city. The world's most modern cities are equipped with hundreds or thousands of sensors. The data can be used for planning and development of the city. The result is more efficient facility management of the city, administration and operation, strategy and planning. In conjunction with building information management, more precisely city information management, significant savings can be achieved. Climatic conditions measure various institutes outside the influence of the city. For efficient use of data, the possibility to operate these sensors operatively and deploy them according to their own requirements and needs, the city should have its own sensor network for measuring climatic conditions.

Climate change and the resulting threats create a new challenge for local authorities and residents of cities. The nationwide Project addressed for biggest Polish cities assessed their sensitivity and counteracting capabilities in selected urban areas. Within the Project various actions were proposed. To some extent, the implementation of these activities may, however, threaten the water resources. The paper presents risk assessment and shows the possibilities of rational management of water resources in selected cities of Upper Silesia.

An article describes an emphasis on aesthetics and humanisation of a public field in the waterside of the river Ostravice in the city of Ostrava and its surroundings. The aim of a project "The revitalization of the river "Ostravice" is to improve life conditions and to attract citizens and tourists to spend their free time there.

The article deals with the comparison of wastewater quality in gravity and alternative drainage systems. The gravity drainage systems include combined and sanitary sewerage systems, the alternative systems encompass pressure and vacuum sewerage systems. The difference in the quality of wastewater conveyed to a wastewater treatment plant is influenced by the relevant sewerage system, its technical condition and regular maintenance. The objective of the article is to highlight the differences in wastewater quality with respect to BOD, COD, SS, NH4, Nt and Pct indicators based on the chemical analyzes conducted over several years of operation. The comparison is made for selected municipalities in the Czech Republic in 2005-2019 for various sewerage systems.

The article deals with optimising the design parameters of wastewater production and specific pollution production in wastewater treatment plants up to 2,000 PE. The values of design parameters for the WWTP calculation are laid down in the legislation (ČSN 75 6401 and ČSN 75 6402) recommending their use with a potential reduction in the pollution of up to 50% according to the size of the municipality. Determination of the pollution reduction is no longer defined in standards and design values for different drainage systems are not defined, either. The design values for WWTP calculations should be based on realistic measurements covering at least the past three years. The objective of this article is to determine more precise design values applicable to WWTP calculations and different drainage systems on the basis of statistical evaluation of individual water quality indicator analyses.

Since concrete is one of the most important and useful materials in the construction sector, which, unfortunately, has an adverse impact on the environment, it is evident that correct procedures for designing and/or assessing concrete structures need to be created. Model Code 2020 with the focus to sustainability stated to be one of main aspiration goals, which will have implications for subsidiary performance requirements critical to structural design, integrate life cycle perspective, reliability and performance based concepts and end-of-service-life issues. Evidently the combined impact of the service life and relevant safety level of structures on the economical and environmental aspects desire full consideration of engineers and stakeholders. Consideration is also given to energy and raw material costs, as well as to environmental impact throughout the life cycle – e.g. due to emissions.

In large urbanized areas is used rainwater drainage and that has a negative impact on the functionality of the sewerage system during heavy rainfall. Pipes and objects on the sewer network are being overloaded. This causes quick floods. In our research, we are focused on the assessment of part of the sewerage of Trnava city. The collectors C and D belonging to the eastern part of the city. In our assessing we use boundary rain from ombrografic station of Trnava City.

This article deals with the flood situation in the municipality of Hradec nad Svitavou and describes the possibility of increasing the flooding protection by means of a dry detention basin, whose task is to transform the flood wave thus reducing the damage caused by the wave. This measure will increase the time required to carry out the necessary flood preparations. Dry detention basin is based on hydraulic calculations and drawings described in more details in this article.

This article presents the results of a research dealing with the detection of mutagenic activity of two samples used in the textile industry, Methylene Blue synthetic dye and Inotex real dye bath before, during and at the end of the biodegradation process by means of ligninolytic fungus Irpex lacteus. There is evidence that Methylene Blue synthetic dye was detected as an indirect mutagen prior to the biodegradation process. However, the biodegradation intermediate product was evaluated as a direct mutagen and the final product of biodegradation no longer induced any mutagenic activity. Inotex dye bath samples were assessed as non-mutagenic.

In this article, the authors deal with the influence of management on vegetative reproduction of Helianthus tuberosus, which is invasive plant in the Czech Republic and spreads uncontrollably in the Poodri PLA, where it displaces native plant species. We applied the proposed management (application of herbicides, mowing, engraving) on the study areas and then monitored the condition of the plant tubers.

Nowadays, many households in the Czech Republic have a dishwasher. Their use releases the remnants of the dishwashing detergents used therein into the sewerage network. These substances affect the activity and also the lifetime of microorganisms in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). Research is focused on respiration inhibition of microorganisms contained in activation sludge from WWTP and their affected by dishwashing detergents. In view of Regulation No 259/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the limitation of the total phosphorus content of dishwashing detergents (into force on 1 January 2017), there have been significant changes in the structure of these detergents. The article describes the effect of selected dishwashing detergents on respiratory inhibition of activation sludge from a large municipal WWTP Ostrava and a small municipal WWTP Michálkovice. Both of these WWTPs are owned by OVAK (Ostrava waterworks and sewerage). Subsequently, the research is focused on the comparison of obtained results. The highest variation in values were measured for sample 3, where the inhibition measured when testing a sludge from a large WWTP differed by up to 60% from that measured when testing a sludge from a small WWTP. The research also evaluates possible causes of respiration inhibition of microorganisms when testing specific sample solution.

The paper deals with the problem of floatability of coal with different degree of surface oxidation. It was found that coal floatability decreases with increasing degree of oxidation of its surface. In order to improve the flotation of the oxidized coal sample, mineral motor oil was used as a non-polar collector and oleic acid as a surfactant. Flotation tests showed a significant increase in the floatability of the oxidized coal sample after the addition of oleic acid and the close relationship between the degree of oxidation of the coal surface and the proportion of oleic acid as a collector.

Heavy metals pose a significant risk to all environmental elements and human health. The danger lies in the fact that they can be toxic even at low concentrations. For this reason, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was chosen from all available methods to monitor the concentration of selected heavy metals. In comparison with other methods, very low concentrations of monitored substances (in μg/l) can be determined by ICP-MS.

This paper deals with the monitoring of the concentration of selected heavy metals at the inlet and outlet of the municipal wastewater treatment plant, namely lead, cadmium and nickel. The results show that the purification process has a positive effect on the reduction of the concentration of heavy metals in wastewater.

The article focuses on the possibility of using recycled wastewater for fire-fighting purposes by fire brigades. The article briefly defines the most serious hazards that may arise by using recycled wastewater in the field of fire protection. The text also contains a brief definition and comparison of critical microbiological indicators corroborating water contamination. The indicators are defined on the basis of existing national standards and legislative regulations of the Czech Republic for the field of fire protection. Furthermore, the article determines framework defining qualitative limit values of microbiological indicators for fire water sources. Based on the framework specified above, it was possible to determine that the current limit values for permissible microbiological pollution of surface water allow using recycled wastewater as an alternative source of fire water under existing national legislation.

Fire protection of buildings, their sets and in the broader concept of the hole built-up and state undeveloped territory is one of the basic conditions of any advanced human society. The current scientific knowledge of extinguishing agent different types allows more fires to be managed adequately and effectively. Aerosol fire extinguishers belong to relatively newly developed methods of fire protection connected with buildings and technical infrastructure. By their nature, properties, effects and ecologically sound, this technology has received much attention from the gradual phasing out and reduction of halogen extinguishing agents since the early 1980s, due to the Montreal Convention. Very surprising results and improvement were reached due to modern carbon nanocomposites such as graphene oxide, fullerene and its modifications which were not intended to be used in such fields at all. But thanks to their in-depth examination and advanced technology their exploitation seem to be unlimited.

To ensure the long-term sustainability of each technical infrastructure it is necessary to know the alternative development trends in the raw material base and the technical development of the systems in questions. The findings are valid for non-renewable sources. Even these renewable sources of raw materials and water can have a very significant capacity differences in different time periods. One of the causes of unevenness in the aquatic ecosystem abundance in the world is today's ongoing global climate change. It raises already among other things, the considerable movements of the population from the affected territories and the trend which will be probably potentiate. The following article is the basic scope of this issue and indicates the ways in which to recognise the treat in a timely manner and the use appropriately chosen methods to minimise its effects to an acceptable level.

This article presents the results of a laboratory-scale research focused on the use of alternative coagulants in water treatment. Attention was particularly paid to natural cation coagulants derived from Moringa oleifera seeds and chitin. These two coagulant agents were used in laboratory research for treating real raw water. Several series of laboratory jar tests were performed to identify the effectiveness of the selected coagulants in removing turbidity from water. The results of the experiments show that the efficiency of the process using natural polymers is not as high as that of conventional chemical reagents. A turbidity reduction efficiency of 80-82% was achieved, which is not as impressive as aluminum sulphate. However, it is a certain alternative in cases of secondary product formation (residual Fe and Al) and associated problems. Here it is possible to use a combination of natural and conventional reagents.

The area of the Jakartovice village is well known for its shale roofing tiles since the 18th century. In places where shale was exploited until 1945, abandoned areas after mining works remained. These places due to its specifical environmental conditions have important function in the post-mining landscape. There are very interesting species bond to specific environmental conditions of post - mining landscape, with frequent rare and endangered species. A basic inventory survey of plant species and communities was carried out according to the rules of the Zurich - Monpellier School. Inventory survey of animals consisted of different methods according to individual species.

The subject of the paper is to introduce the theoretical approach to sustainability of the economic pillar of the bi-centric Hradec-Pardubice agglomeration. To create sustainable corporate behaviour while ensuring long-term prosperity, consumption, a balance needs to be struck between production and consumption on the basis of supply and demand.

The subject of the analysis is the issue of the development of the core cities of the bi-centric Hradec - Pardubice industrial and residential agglomeration, its importance within the position of developing regions of the Czech Republic and its dependence on the surrounding developing regions.

The paper focuses on the changes in runoff caused by changes in land use and climate. The study was performed in the Boca River basin, which is located in the Low Tatra National Park in Slovakia. This area has been affected by several severe windstorms in recent decades, which had a significant impact on the changes in forest cover in the Boca River basin occurred in 2004 (Alžbeta) and 2007 (Kyrill and Filip). The bark beetle outbreak followed these windstorms. The first part of the paper focuses on the changes in runoff caused by changes in land use for the period from 1990 to 2018. The design values of short-term rainfalls from actual observations and Corine Land Cover land use are used for the calculation of design floods. The second part focuses on the changes in runoff caused by climate change. The climate change is represented by data from Regional Climate Model (RCM) scenario. The estimation of runoff change is provided for the period 2070 – 2100. These results are compared with the results from actual observations. The design floods are calculated using the Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number method.

This article deals with the proposal of revitalization measures on the Výškovický Stream. The area where the measures are to be executed is heavily transformed by anthropogenic activity. Anthropogenic activity in the area in question consists mainly of deflecting the stream into a prefabricated concrete trough. The actual proposed revitalization measures are based on the use of meanders along the stream route, which will extend the route by 114 meters. 2 pool meanders and 5 pools have been designed along the route.

Serbia is among the countries with the lowest percentage of industrial and municipal wastewater treatment plants. Approximately 72.0% of the cities have a sewerage system, while only 60.0% of the population are connected to the sewerage network. This article is about recent state of sewerage and wastewater treatment in Serbia. It consists of an analysis of the development and the percentage of population connections to the sewerage network. It provides data on the state of wastewater treatment plants in Serbia, as well as on the amount and method of wastewater treatment. The paper aims to analyse the current situation in the field of wastewater treatment.

Fortunately, the role of emotions in relation to motivation and the learning process has been increasingly taken into account lately, not only for younger pupils but for all generations of students, including university students. In the past already, the educational goals were divided into cognitive, affective and psychomotor but at universities, the emphasis has always been more on cognitive goals. University student's motivation to learn is a complex psychic process, which is influenced, among other things, by the student's volitional (I must) qualities and their emotions (I am interested, I enjoy). An important part of studies is also the acquisition and strengthening of social personality competences (soft skills), which are closely related to emotions and which, together with expertise, are an important part of every profession. In the research, we first found out how the emotions and motivation of university students are utilised in the teaching of the course Water Management Structures III; and which teaching methods are preferred for this purpose. Then we investigated the level of stress, fear and anxiety that students experience when presenting a seminar assignment in the given subject in front of a study group by measuring the physiological quantity of emotion – the electrodermal activity of the skin. The measured values were collated with the self-awareness of students; to what extent they were aware of their emotions, how they experienced them and worked with them. Adequate self-presentation and coping with difficult situations are closely related with the ability to work with emotions and are considered by employers as very important social and personal competencies.

Based on the theoretical knowledge of vermicomposting, a project was realized for the construction of a three-chamber domestic wooden vermicomposter, in which aerobic degradation of three types of animal excrements (cow, pig, dog) using the earthworm Eisenia andrei was carried out. Before laying the individual excrements to the compost batch, the appropriate input samples were taken for the microbiological examination of the biopathogens. After six months, final samples of the final substrate were taken to determine whether proper compost sanitization took place during the vermicomposting process; according to valid legislation, the bacteria Escherichia coli, Enterocococcus sp. and Salmonella sp. were identified as indicator micro-organisms. After the evaluation of the performed laboratory analyses, it was proved that the use of earthworm bioactivity resulted in elimination or at least significant reduction of the concentrations of these bacterial strains in the final vermicompost samples.

The aim of the paper was to evaluate dry and wet periods in selected climatic stations in eastern Slovakia using the drought indices. We evaluated drought occurrence using the following indexes: standardized precipitation index (SPI), streamflow drought index (SDI), drought reconnaissance index (RDI) and standardized evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in a 12-month step over the period 1960-2015. The evaluation of the results showed alternation of wet and dry periods. The result of the work is identification of the dry and wet years according the separate indexes during the evaluated period.

The textile industry generates a high volume of wastewater with various organic and inorganic compounds, which leads to many problems at water ecosystems. Various types of dyes were used for dyeing wool, but metal-complex dyes are the most favoured because of their high affinity towards protein fibres. The main purpose of this study was to reduce the concentration of metals from wool industry wastewater by microscopic filamentous fungi of genus Aspergillus. The most significant growth of biofilm, and thus the highest ability to reduce metal content in an aqueous solution was observed by microscopic filamentous fungi Aspergillus ochraceus. After 30 days of biodegradation process, the concentration of copper was reduced by 47.94%, and of chromium by 32.55%. Aspergillus flavus reduced the concentration of chromium by 18.34%, and Aspergillus candidus by 20.71%.

We report the adsorption of Cr (VI) ions from aqueous solution by forest waste. Two adsorbents were prepared from cone biomass and Fomitopsis pinicola. To study the kinetics of both were used three particular size (<0.5, 0.5-1, 1-2 mm). It was found that adsorbents chemically modified with a HCl (activation 2mol/L, activated for 60 min) demonstrated better Cr(VI) removal capabilities as compared to pure adsorbents in terms of their adsorption rate. The optimum conditions for removal of Cr(VI) were found to be particular size <0,5 mm, pH=1, contact time 10 min, adsorbent dosage 20g/L, concentration of Cr(VI) 100 mg/L, temperature 25 ± 1°C, rpm 200. The percent removal at these optimum conditions was found to be 100 % for both biosorbents. The Langmuir model fitted the equilibrium data better than the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum uptake capacities for 40.98 mg/g and 45.05 mg/g for cone biomass and Fomitopsis pinicola, respectively. To study the effect of other ions on the Cr (VI) removal by both biosorbents, electroplating industry wastewater was collected from an industry. Overall, the experimental results suggest that cone biomass and Fomitopsis pinicola could be used as low cost alternative adsorbents for the treatment of low concentration Cr (VI) containing wastewater.

The paper deals with analysis of soil seed bank of Odra and Oderka heaps in Ostrava region. On selected sites, samples of soil were taken, slope and exposure was assessed and phytosociological relevés were conducted. 3436 seeds were extracted from 17 soil samples of Odra heap and 5701 seeds from 15 soil samples of Oderka heap. Almost 90 % of extracted seeds belong to Betula pendula species. Woody plants and grasses dominated in examined samples. Composition of soil seed bank was compared with vegetation of selected heaps using Sørensen index. Influence of slope and exposure on distribution of seeds in soil seed bank was assessed by multivariate analysis (RDA, DCA).

Problems of drought and maximum use of rainwater in public areas, street furniture and convenient search for users of walking routes. Address small natural elements and areas in the city that have both technical and other environmental features. They help mild manifestations of climate change and benefit the city's.

In this article authors deal with the possibilities of population management of Solidago canadensis species, which is not indigenous in Czech Republic and invasive. The study areas were chosen within the Poodri PLA, which is situated near the city Ostrava in Moravian-Silesian region. Invasive species Solidago canadensis as well as all the other invasive species in general poses a threat especially in the protected landscape areas such as Poodri PLA thanks to disrupting their natural ecosystems and reducing their exceptional biodiversity. Solidago canadensis can achieve those goals mainly thanks to the ability of quick propagation not only sexual one by seeds, but also asexual (vegetative) by rhizomes and thanks to releasing allelopathic substances which has negative impact on other plant species for example inhibition of their germination and growth. By these means it relatively quickly sets up monodominant covers, displaces original and rare plant species and poses threat to further development of the landscape of Poodri PLA. Management was proposed and applied on 5 study areas in Poodri PLA and after that the effectiveness was evaluated. There were chemical (application of herbicides) and mechanical (mowing) methods and their combinations used.

The accumulation of Ni from the model aqueous solution (100 mg/L) by pellets of Aspergillus niger (A. niger) together with the green algae Chlorella sp., as a microbial consortium, during five days was compared. In the experiment, already formed pellets were used (5 mL A. niger conidia in Sabouraud Dextrose Broth, shaked with 200 rpm for 5 days). The experiment was carried out under static and also dynamic conditions at 25 °C. Oxidation-Reduction-Potential (ORP) and pH were measured as well in the first, third and fifth days. Microbial consortium (A. niger with Chlorella sp.) was found always more effective – reduction of the Ni content was higher 48.95 mg/L (under static conditions) and 56.45 mg/L (dynamic conditions), pH values were medium acidic (5.84 static conditions), to weak acid (6.52 dynamic conditions). Monitored ORP values were significantly reduced in the range of -309 mV up to - 385 mV in the Ni model aqueous solution, when the both microorganisms were present. This reduction was attributed to the anoxic conditions occurred when the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) radicals were produced by the photoactive pigments in the algae chloroplasts.

One of the most important aspects of climate change is the time distribution of precipitation and its historical changes. In this study, trend analysis of annual precipitation, daily maxims and days without precipitation in three precipitation stations in eastern Slovakia is presented. These are stations Poprad, Košice, and Kamenica nad Cirochou. Individual trends are compared and evaluated. Significant positive trend was observed in maximum daily precipitation in Kamenica nad Cirochou station and in total annual precipitation in Poprad station. Moderate positive trend was observed in maximum daily precipitation in Poprad station and number of days without precipitation in Kamenica nad Cirochou station. No trends were observed in Kosice station.

The article deals with combined systems, which are mainly used in wastewater treatment plants for the purpose of aeration and mixing. These systems are mainly installed in activation reactors, but their use is also possible, for example, in sludge storage tanks. The combined systems are capable of guaranteeing the required values of relevant monitored pollution indicators at the WWTP effluent. The aim of this article is to describe the activation reactor control algorithm with the combined system. Reliable functionality is proved by the presented average values at the WTP effluent, which meet the required emission limits set by relevant permits.

The aim of this article is to describe and compare individual laws concerning wastewater discharges and their monitored indicators. Relevant laws and government regulations have been in existence since 1953, when the Central Administration of Water Management was established, with the latest regulation being Government Decree No. 401/2015 Sb. This article deals with the development of legislation, its amendments and improvements. This results in a gradual adjustment of the monitored indicators and decreasing indicator values in connection with improving treatment processes and technologies. This is also related to the Czech Republic's accession to the EU and the adoption of Council Directive 91/271/EEC, which emphasises, inter alia, environmental protection.

The thesis was aimed at investigation of the level of environmental awareness of consumers in the Slovak Republic and its influence on household consumption, production and treatment of household waste. The survey examined the average amount of separated household waste, the average food costs, the level of environmental awareness, the possibilities to separate waste in a household or nearby and other features. The results of the investigation revealed that the average amount of separated waste in a household was just about 50%, despite of the fact that consumers had possibilities for separation in their household. There were used eligible mathematical and statistical methods and the hypothesis testing that confirmed differences between the estimated rate of recycled waste in Slovakia and in households.

The paper deals with the state of solution of rainwater management in the urbanized area. The paper describes development and basic principles of rainwater management, analysis of current state, climate change and last but not least, possible ways of rectifying and streamlining the current, nowadays inconvenient, facilities with an emphasis on their easy sustainability.

The paper deals mainly with relations of water between urbanized area and public space of settlements and their mutual influence. The article defines basic parameters and specifics of watercourses and water areas with a link to the built-up area, including evaluation of the current state of watercourses and areas in settlements and their interconnection.

The objective of this study was to develop a water quality index (WQI) for the surface water management of about 6,299 Km² in Kien Giang Province. The water quality index (WQI) methodology, which recommended by the Delphi method and Liou et (2004) was used. Seven parameters were selected to derive the WQI for the estimation of water quality in Kien Giang including pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD₅), total solid suspended (TSS), chloride (Cl⁻), ammonia (NH₄⁺), and coliform. Total 48 samples were taken in March and September of 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018. Through the result of WQI caculation for each monitoring time and seasonal differences in WQI were noted. The WQI was categorized from 51 to 85 in March 2018; and from 48 to 77 in September 2018. The water quality at the 48 sites in the study area was divided into three levels: (1) use for domestic purposes but need appropriate handling measures; (2) use for irrigation purposes; and, (3) use for other appropriate purposes. The WQI was established to assess the rivers and streams's quality in Kien Giang as a tool to evaluate the river and canal water's total quality. This WQI contributes to control of water quality effectively in order to provide informations to protect water resources as well as to serve people's lives.

Neurospora sitophila is a microscopic filamentous fungus of the Ascomycete taxon that rapidly expands in the environment. Although the fungus has been recorded primarily as a known laboratory contaminant, this contribution presents evidence of its frequent occurrence in indoor environment of offices at the university, especially in places where a coffee maker was part of the equipment. A total of 50 smears were made from the environment of the University of VŠB - TU Ostrava from various parts of the fixtures. It was found that spores and fragments of N. sitophila mycelia are an active part of the building air using the BIOLOG identification system. Although no direct evidence has yet been obtained that N. sitophila is the causative agent of human disease or infection, the presence of this fungus in the environment should be regarded as a risk factor for human health. Exposure to fungal spores and fragments of mycelia in the indoor environment of buildings can cause hypersensitivity known to be an influencing factor in allergic reactions and asthma.

Because of ongoing climate change cities need to take into account also temperature rise issues during projects preparation and in general planning, in order to mitigate heat stress problems. This paper shows the possibilities of applying the Urban Climate model in connection with the evaluation of temperature islands when changing land use-land cover. The example of Masaryk Square in Hodonin shows that small technical solutions can improve the thermal stress islands in urban areas. In the second part of the paper, the results of assessing usability of the model's application in the form of the Climate-fit.city service using the cost benefit analysis are outlined. In conclusion, the opinions of the representatives of the town of Hodonin for which this service was created are summarized.

This paper explores whether orthopteran insects (Orhtoptera) may be used to study bioaccumulation of potentially toxic elements in their bodies on the territory of Ostrava City. For the purpose of laboratory analysis, we used a common species Metrioptera roeselii (Ensifera) and Chorthippus parallelus (Caelifera). The laboratory analysis confirmed a bioaccumulation of some potentially toxic elements (Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr), which is probably dependent on the distance of the sources of pollution and main wind direction.