Table of contents

EEEP (International Conference on Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection) is an annually held conference for all researchers home and abroad since 2016, aiming to provide a good platform for scholars and researchers in the field of energy and environmental protection to discuss the latest developments and achievements, work out good solutions, and make contributions.

The Seventh International Conference on Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection (EEEP2022) was planned to be held in Zhuhai, China on November 19-21, 2022. For public health consideration during epidemic, the event had to be changed from onsite to online during November 19-20, 2022 for academic exchanges & discussions.

There were over 50 participants from 5 different countries and regions, including China, Australia, Italy, Korea and Indonesia, attending EEEP2022. Conference program was divided into 3 sessions: keynote speeches, oral presentations and poster presentations. We greatly appreciate Prof. Wenzhe Tang from Tsinghua University, who presided over the conference, and all participants for attending and sharing!

We are honored to invite 5 experts to give the impressive keynote speeches: A/Professor Farhad Shahnia from Murdoch University, Australia; Prof. Fushuan Wen from Zhejiang University, China; Prof. Wenzhe Tang from Tsinghua University, China; Asso. Prof. Gangtao Liang from Dalian University of Technology, China and Prof. Benedetto Nastasi from Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.

Following the keynote speakers, 6 scholars made oral presentations respectively in the afternoon. And 9 poster presentations came after it. Reporters shared their latest research findings and audiences were actively involved in discussions.

We would like to express our gratitude to the reviewers of these manuscripts, who provided their time and expertise to review papers and facilitate the smooth running of EEEP. We are extremely grateful for organizers, technical program committee and editors and extend our most sincere thanks to all the authors for their excellent contribution and work and participants for their active attending. Our sincere thanks also go to the IOP Publishing editors and managers for their helpful cooperation during the preparation of the proceedings.

On behalf of the Organizing Committee of EEEP 2022.

List of Technical Program Committee is available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Double Anonymous

• Conference submission management system: Morressier

• Number of submissions received: 149

• Number of submissions sent for review: 106

• Number of submissions accepted: 68

• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 45.6%

• Average number of reviews per paper: 6

• Total number of reviewers involved: 737

• Contact person for queries:

Name: Iris Yuan

Email: secretary@iceeep.org

Affiliation: Wuhan Zhiming Culture Communication Co., Ltd

The utilization of flue gas waste heat is an important measure to improve the power efficiency of coal-fired units. Traditional method is to arrange the heating surface after the air preheater, which can just recover the low-grade heat, low efficiency. For the engineering practice of a 1000MW double-reheat unit, three feasible schemes are proposed, namely scheme 1 "two-stage gas cooler plus cold air heater", scheme 2 "air preheater bypass + two-stage flue gas cooler plus cold air heating" and scheme 3 "air preheater bypass + hot primary air temperature adjustment plus two-stage flue gas cooler plus cold air heater". For the sake of evaluating the actual effects of different schemes objectively, the thermal characteristic calculation model of the four-part rotary air preheater was established by finite difference method, and then the effect of the inlet air temperature and the share of bypass flue gas on the thermal efficiency of the boiler were studied. The equivalent enthalpy drop method was used to establish the thermal characteristic model of steam turbine, and the influence of different heat distribution modes on the heat consumption rate of steam turbine was studied.. Considering the technical economy, the optimal bypass flue gas share of this scheme is 12%, which corresponds to the reduction of coal consumption for power supply of the unit by about 3.23g/kWh. Taking into account comprehensively, scheme 3 is recommended.

In order to extend the operation license of nuclear power plant, the nuclear safety during the extended service life must be considered, so as to ensure that the nuclear safety level of nuclear power unit during the extended service life is not lower than that of the original design life. PSA technology can be used to establish an aging PSA model for nuclear power plants during the license extension period, so as to evaluate the impact of SSC aging on the overall safety of nuclear power plants and verify that it can still meet the original design standards. Based on this, the SSC screening analysis method applied to aging PSA of nuclear power plant is put forward. By considering trend analysis, aging failure mode and impact analysis, risk importance analysis, the decision matrix of SSC screening for nuclear power plant is established on the basis of three analysis methods, and a feasible method is established for selecting aging and safety important components. This work also lays a technical foundation for the risk management of nuclear power plants in the license extension stage.

Ocean energy, as a kind of renewable resource, plays an important role in China's low-carbon development and meeting its goal of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality". The paper aims to calculate the cost of ocean power generation in China and make a medium and long-term forecast. Meanwhile, the offshore wind power development experience and the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) cost pricing model is used for analysis and verification. The results shows that it features a high cost without economical efficiency in the initial stage; With the continuous expansion of installed capacity, the cost will be significantly lowered but the economical efficiency is moderate; the cost will fall significantly when the installed capacity reaches to a 100 MW level, and it has strong economical efficiency. The government should provide policy and financial support for ocean power generation industry; enterprises need to strengthen technological innovation and complete the industrial chain to improve the economical efficiency of scale utilization.

A transient model of the thermoelectric refrigerator working in a cooling space with an internal heat source is established. The influence of key parameters on the transient performance of the thermoelectric refrigerator under different working conditions is analyzed. The changes of the minimum cooling temperature and the cooling coefficient is analyzed, which were compared with different internal heat source power, input current and filling factor. The results show that the power of internal heat source has a significant impact on the cooling temperature and the time required for temperature stabilization. There are optimal working current and optimal filling coefficient which can make the cooling rate reach the maximum and the cooling space temperature reach the minimum respectively. The optimal filling factor increases with the power of the internal heat source.

To meet the requirements of the power grid's deep peak shaving, a 300MW CFB boiler in a power plant transformed the flue gas recirculation. After the transformation, it is found that after putting into the flue gas recirculation, the main parameters of the boiler such as environmental protection emission value, the boiler operating bed temperature, and the inlet temperature of the separator had changed. To analyze the changes, this paper was carried out by related thermal state tests during the start-up or the normal operation of the boiler. The operating data of the boiler was collected before and after putting into the flue gas recirculation, and the influence of the gas recirculation on the main parameters and economic indicators of the boiler is quantitatively analyzed and discussed. The result shows that the technology of the flue gas recirculation can reduce the oxygen content in the dense phase area of the furnace and increases the reducing gas atmosphere to reduce the generation of NO_X emission during the start-up or in the normal operation of the boiler. This provides a technical reference that optimizes the operation mode of the flue gas recirculation during the deep peak shaving in the CFB boiler.

A detailed model of heat pipe-cooled two-stage thermoelectric (TE) air conditioner is established. The performance is analysed comprehensively including the cooling power, coefficient of performance (COP), thermodynamic perfectibility and extreme temperature difference. The influences of key parameters including working current, distribution ratio of TE elements and heat pipe parameters are analysed by numerical simulation. The working current and the TE element number ratio are optimized for the maximum cooling power and the maximum COP respectively. The influences of the cross-sectional area, the length of the TE element and the temperature difference on the optimal variables and optimal performance is obtained. The results show the refrigeration performance of the TE air conditioner can be effectively improved by heat pipe cooling. The two-stage mode can effectively improve the refrigeration temperature difference. The extreme temperature difference can be improved from 60 K to 110 K.

The terrain of hilly areas is undulating. The water supply system of small towns in this area is characterized by small scale of water consumption, large variation of water quantity, complex operation of pipe network, frequent start and stop of pumps, poor integrity of pipe network and low safety and reliability. Therefore, the layout and operation management of water supply pipe network caused many problems, and the water hammer protection of pipe network can not be ignored. Taking K town in typical hilly area as the object, the characteristics of water supply are investigated and analyzed, and the water hammer and protection measures are analyzed, in order to provide reference for the safe and stable operation of water supply network in small towns in hilly area.

This paper investigates a filter design method for dynamic positioning control system based on the wave peak frequency tracking algorithm. The wave peak frequency varies randomly with the sea condition, ship speed, wave direction and other factors. The performance of the filter is greatly affected by the real-time recognition of the wave peak frequency. The wave disturbance model is indicated as an autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model and the recursive extended least squares (RELS) algorithm is proposed to identify the wave peak frequency with the auxiliary model idea. A filter with the wave peak frequency tracker is constructed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed filter. Ultimately, simulation results show that the proposed filter can effectively track the wave peak frequency and can still effectively reduce the influence of waves on the ship control system when the peak frequency changes.

China is the largest CO₂ emitter, and thermal power units are the main source of CO₂ emissions. The low-carbon transformation of thermal power units is the key to carbon emission reduction. China is rich in wind and solar energy resources; wind power and photovoltaic power generation technologies are mature and have good economic prospects. Significantly increasing the proportion of installed wind power and photovoltaic power is the main idea of the power system low-carbon transformation. Biomass fuel blending is the only solution for thermal power units to reduce carbon emissions. Drawing on the large proportion of biomass blending technology in large foreign coal power units, the low-carbon transformation of thermal power units will be completed, and eventually, together with wind power and photovoltaic power generation, China's renewable energy-based low-carbon power system will be formed. The process of low-carbon transformation of the power system reduces the use of fossil energy, reduces external energy dependence, and improves national energy security. The low-carbon transformation of the power system should be steadily promoted to prevent large adverse impacts on society and the economy.

The limited specific surface area of carbon substance restricts the raise of the electrochemistry double layer capacitance (EDLC). If the charge storage location could be extended from surface to space, the EDLC of carbon materials can be greatly improved. Here, an original spatial charge storage mechanism according to the counterion effect from Fe (CN)₆³⁻ ions bridged by nitrogenous groups is proposed, which can provide additionally spatial charge storage for EDLCs. More importantly, the graphene designed based on this structure can achieve a high storage capacity of 334 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A g⁻¹ (the rate retention is 64% at 50 A g⁻¹) in 6 M KOH electrolyte, much higher than the sample without space charge storage effect (from 270 to 160 F g⁻¹). This novel strategy for the design of graphene with multiple spatial active sites can be extended to other carbon materials, which can propose a new idea for the development of carbon materials in the field of energy storage.

The decommissioning of Nuclear power plant involves many activities different from the normal operation stage of Nuclear power plant. In the process of decommissioning, there are many new safety problems, which usually require new safety evaluation. The safety management of decommissioning runs through the whole decommissioning stage until the decommissioning of the plant site is completed. The management level depends on the risk level of each stage of decommissioning, especially the decommissioning process of high radioactivity in nuclear power plant, so it is necessary to pay attention to the risk of different stages of decommissioning and improve the decommissioning safety management. At present, probabilistic safety assessment method has become an effective tool to support and supplement deterministic safety assessment, and is used in regulatory activities. The safety risk analysis of nuclear power plant in the decommissioning stage in China is in the initial stage, with little experience. Therefore, it is necessary to study the corresponding technical methods and risk management applications. This paper study on the probabilistic safety assessment in the decommissioning of nuclear power plant, including its scope of application, risk-informed assessment method and safety management application. The probabilistic safety assessment of decommissioning of nuclear power plant is an effective means to evaluate the potential risks related to decommissioning activities and their possible consequences. This method can be used for safety review and safety management in the decommissioning stage of nuclear power plant.

The safety of nuclear power systems is extremely important. The development of nuclear power is predicated on the safety of the system. Under certain operating conditions, the coolant flowing through the fuel assembly will undergo phase change, resulting in gas-liquid two-phase flow. The existence of the two-phase flow will change the stability of the coolant flow and thus affect the reliability of the core instrumentation under accident conditions. The presence of the two-phase flow will also change the heat transfer coefficient of the coolant, thus affecting the temperature distribution on the surface of the instrument guide tube. This paper adopts the computational fluid dynamics method. On the one hand, this paper calculates the two-phase cross flow of the two-channel. By changing the inlet boundary conditions to achieve the elimination of diversion cross flow, the two-phase cross flow phenomenon was observed, which laid the foundation for future experiments. On the other hand, calculations of the surface temperature of the instrument guide tube. The surrounding flow field show that the temperature of the surface of the instrument guide tube is higher in two phases than in one phase. The gas phase moves to the surface of the instrument guide tube.

The safety injection system (RIS)is a large and complex fluid system in a nuclear power plant. Its central role is to ensure the safety of the core in the event of a breach event in the first circuit of the nuclear power plant. In order to investigate the timing of the safe injection system at the time of a Small-Break Loss-Of-Coolant Accident (SBLOCA), this paper uses the GO-FLOW method to model seven time points in the three operational phases of the safe injection system. The calculation is completed in conjunction with the failure rate of each component to give the reliability of the RIS at each point in time at SBLOCA. The final analysis yielded low reliability at the beginning of the direct cold section injection phase, which is of great reference for subsequent equipment maintenance and the safe operation of nuclear power.

With the increase distance of offshore wind farm, the investment proportion of high-voltage delivery submarine cable in the whole project is gradually increasing, so the reasonable selection of cable delivery scheme becomes more and more important. In this paper, for different scales of offshore wind farms, the preliminary selection basis of two delivery schemes of AC high-voltage and flexible DC is proposed, and the economic and technical comparison principles of different AC delivery schemes are further analyzed with engineering example. In general, for medium-sized offshore wind farms, if the AC high-voltage transmission scheme is used, a reactive power compensation station can be set in the middle of the cable to improve the current distribution on the cable.

In this paper, the flue gas waste heat utilization system in a new 1000MW unit was as the research object, and the numerical simulations on the flue flow field and resistance characteristics of the low-temperature economizer for four operating conditions without guiding device or with three kind guiding devices was carried out by computational fluid dynamics software, and the correctness of the numerical simulation result was verified by the guaranteed value of the low-temperature economizer manufacturer. The results show that: The simulation result was basically consistent with the guaranteed value of the low-temperature economizer manufacturer, which was shown the correctness of the simulation calculation; the flue gas flow of low-temperature economizer without guiding device was unevenly distributed, with high-speed area and ash prone area; the additional guiding devices can reduce the inlet deflection angle of the low-temperature economizer, which can effectively reduce the speed deviation and improve the flow field distribution; The effect of flow equalization and resistance characteristics of the guiding devices first decreases and then increases with the number of guiding devices; The unreasonable selection of the number and position of the guiding devices will cause the flue gas to rush on the flue and cause the risk of flue vibration. In order to promote the realization of the transformation purpose, the improvement effect of the guiding devices should be simulated and calculated before the transformation.

Energy is the foundation of economic and social development. With the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, the primary, secondary and tertiary industries in rural areas have achieved integrated development, and the living environment has been increasingly improved, promoting the clean and electrified development of rural energy consumption. The development of rural electrification involves many aspects and is related to the future of rural. Based on agricultural production and rural life, this paper analyzes the current situation of rural electrification from energy consumption, electrification growth rate, electricity load characteristics and regional variations. Through building a forecasting model of rural production and living energy demand, this paper forecasts the level of rural energy consumption, analyze the development trend of rural electrification, and put forward relevant conclusions and suggestions.

Currently, there are few studies on hybrid system charging, and the existing ones rely on many power electronic components to charge lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor, respectively. This paper mainly focuses on the direct parallel charging of lithium-ion battery and supercapacitor, which has simple structure and low cost. However, the capacity of the hybrid system can not be fully utilized due to the unreasonable current distribution during charging. This paper proposes a method that improves the charging effect: constant current charging under fine tuning the resistance distribution of battery branch and supercapacitor branch (CCFTR). The results show that although the charging time is increased slightly with the CCFTR, the charging capacity can increase significantly. Compared with the untreated constant current charging (CC), the charging time is only prolonged by 6.77 minutes with the CCFTR (50mΩ) at 22A (2.75C), but the charging capacity is increased by 48.4%, reaching 95.1% of the rated capacity. And the CCFTR can dramatically prolong the battery life. The effect is better under higher current. Compared to the CC with the same charging current, the CCFTR can extend the battery life by 11.37% at 2.75C and 26.02% at 3.75C.

Deep utilization of flue gas waste heat is an important means to ameliorate the power generation productivity of coal-fired units. Aiming at the waste heat cascade utilization system which is composed of "air preheater bypass + two-stage low-temperature coal economizer + thermal primary air temperature regulating device" proposed in a certain project, using the energy balance method and the equivalent enthalpy drop method, the mathematical model of the impact of waste heat utilization devices at all levels on the unit economy is established from the boiler efficiency and steam engine heat rate. Combined with the rated operation data of the unit, the thermal economy of the system is analyzed. The results show that the bypass of the air preheater and the temperature regulating device of the hot primary air can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of the waste heat of the flue gas at the tail of the boiler, the coal consumption of power supply can be reduced by 3.47 g/kWh under rated working conditions.

This study focuses on serving governments, enterprises and individuals related to digital energy carbon management. The National Grid provides digital carbon management services to electricity-using enterprises, solving the problems of high cost, difficulty and long lead time in managing carbon assets of electricity-using enterprises. We have innovated daily real-time carbon emission management services, carbon emission reduction services, carbon decision-making services, value-added carbon asset services and carbon trading services. Xinjiang Autonomous Region is a water-scarce and arid region which water resources are particularly important, so we choose the wastewater treatment industry in Xinjiang as a case study. The daily electricity consumption of Xinjiang Wastewater Treatment Plant A is 4063.75 kWh and the daily electricity consumption carbon emissions are 2.36 tonnes CO_2eq, which is estimated to be about 2.78 tonnes CO_2eq per day. the daily carbon emissions of the daily electricity consumption Wi of Xinjiang Wastewater Treatment Plant B is 3469.22 kWh and the daily electricity consumption carbon emission is 2.02 tonnes CO_2eq, which is estimated to be 2.38 tonnes CO_2eq. The carbon account value-added service provides carbon market users with transaction-assisted decision-making services, realizes accurate and efficient services, and helps society achieve the "3060" strategic goal of low-carbon green transformation.

Application of modern energy-saving technologies is the most important task in development of construction industry. In the conditions of exhausting decrease of energy consumption of public, administrative buildings due to reduction of transmission heat losses the implementation of mechanical ventilation with recuperation of exhaust air heat becomes a rational way to increase energy efficiency. One of the key problems in the study of plate-type air recuperators is to find the temperature efficiency of the device. The value of this characteristic is influenced by such parameters as the area of the branched heat exchange surface, initial temperatures of heat carriers, volume flow rates, flow rate ratio, type of fins, etc. The purpose of the study is to compare coefficients of thermal efficiency of outside air as a function of Reynolds number obtained by engineering calculation, mathematical modelling and manufacturer's data for the recuperator ISIS Recover HR-A-05-V-G4-E-1-60. The article substantiates the calculation method using the existing algebraic dependence describing heat transfer in the cross-flow scheme of coolant motion on the basis of new results. An empirical dependence is obtained, which adequately describes the results of numerical simulation using the ANSYS Fluent solver and engineering calculation.

Since the 1970s, energy education (EE) has become one of the effective ways to solve the energy crisis in developed countries. China's increasingly severe energy issue requires China to strengthen energy conservation while establishing a conservation-oriented society and to draw on international experience in solving energy questions by vigorously developing EE. The development of EE in China commences late. Although some achievements have been made, there is a lack of legislative protection and platform support in further promoting EE. This paper analyzes China's EE policy using the multiple streams theory, examines the reality of problematic policy and political streams of China's EE policy, discusses the issue of addressing the three main streams in China's EE development, summarizes the necessary conditions fbr opening the EE policy window, and puts forward suggestions fbr erecting China's EE system.

Recent investigations have indicated that co-firing CH₃OH with H₂ is a promising approach to develop a carbon-neutral energy system. However, accurate measurements of laminar burning velocities over a wide range of equivalence ratios, H₂ mole fractions, pressures and temperatures are complicated and may not available. Hence, this research deeply investigates the application of several machine learning models in predicting the laminar burning velocities of CH₃OH/H₂ blended fuels. Results denoted that Random Forest Regressor is the most persuasive model based on a thorough comparison, as indicated by the correlation coefficient of 0.99707.

Aiming at the problems existing in the control logic of the current hot primary air temperature adjustment device, such as adjustment lag, poor adjustment quality, deviation of the pulverizing system operation from the normative value and insufficient energy-saving effect in the adjustment process, a standard-based calculation method was proposed. It is a logical optimization scheme that dynamically adapts to the moisture content of raw coal and the coal volume of the pulverized. It has the advantages of faster adjustment speed, high system energy saving effect, and ensures the standard operation of the coal mill.

Photocatalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid (FA) at room temperature is a promising way to meet the increasing demand for hydrogen energy. In this work, we loaded nanoparticles of plasmonic AuPd alloys on the acetylene functionalized covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) for the design of Mott-Schottky catalysts (AuPd/CTFs) with further application to photocatalytic hydrogen production from FA. Experimental data showed that the introduction of acetylene (-C≡C-) unit and AuPd alloy into the CTF could significantly enhance the performance of hydrogen evolution. The results of photoelectrochemical tests showed that the introduction of carbon-carbon triple bonds and AuPd alloy could adjust the electronic structure of CTF and inhibit charge recombination. Thus, benefiting from these positive effects, the FA photocatalytic decomposition by the obtained AuPd-CTF-EDDBN photocatalyst yielded H₂ at a good rate of 10600 μmol·g_cat⁻¹·h⁻¹.

At present, China's marine energy industry is still in its infancy, but there is no doubt that the development of this industry will help China to achieve sustainable development. Therefore, effective policies are needed to promote the industrialization of the industry as soon as possible. This paper systematically consulted the relevant information on the research and development of marine renewable energy, focusing on China's marine energy industry policy, including the national energy strategy, the progress of China's marine energy policy, technology policy, market policy and other related content, emphasizing the importance of marine energy policy in promoting the development of marine energy industry. Finally, in view of the deficiencies in the development of marine energy industry in China, the corresponding improvement strategies are put forward.

Taking large ammonia powered container ship as the research object, a set of liquid ammonia cold energy cascade comprehensive utilization system is designed. The system mainly includes low temperature cargo hold system, high temperature cargo hold system and marine air conditioning system. Aspen HYSYS software is used to simulate the system scheme. Based on the utilization rate of cold energy in the low temperature cargo hold system, the maximum of liquid ammonia flow fraction under different operating conditions was determined, and the cold energy utilization system exergy efficiency was calculated. In the 75% working condition of the ship, when the flow fraction was 40%, the whole cold energy utilization system exergy efficiency was 34.42%, in this way, the effective utilization of liquid ammonia cold energy is realized.

Under the constraint of peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060, the current status of the economy, social demography, energy consumption, industrial structure, energy intensity and power consumption in southern China is analyzed, the scenario analysis method is built, three policy scenarios affecting electrification under the constraint of the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality are designed for the analysis of the future power demand in southern China, and the implementation path of new electrification that can achieve the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality is proposed.

This paper takes a 600MW supercritical unit as the research object, and studies the technical route and economic situation of solar photothermal system as the heat source of reboiler of carbon capture system. Taking Monoethanolamine (MEA) as the research object to analyse its desorption energy consumption characteristics, the calculation results show that the carbon capture and regeneration energy consumption of the system is 3.90Gj/t CO₂, calculated by the CO₂ absorption rate of 85%. Three technical routes of solar assisted carbon capture systems are proposed, and the main thermal economic indexes of the two methods, such as unit coal consumption and thermal efficiency, using the fifth stage extraction steam as an independent heat source and cooperating with the solar photothermal system, are calculated and compared respectively. Based on this, the influence of investment cost and collector area on CO₂ emission reduction cost and coal consumption is analysed. The results show that after adding the solar thermal system, the coal consumption of the unit is reduced by 2.5g/(kw) compared with the pure steam extraction heating unit and the thermal efficiency is increased by 0.9%. The CO₂ emission reduction cost has a positive correlation trend with the investment cost, and the unit coal consumption has a negative correlation trend with the increase of the collector area.

In order to solve the problems of excess cold energy of the fuel and large power load required for refrigeration of refrigerated containers on LNG powered container ships, this study proposes a scheme to use the fuel cold energy of LNG powered container ships for refrigerated containers, the process simulation software Aspen HYSYS is used to simulate the cold energy utilization scheme, with the help of MATLAB, the multivariable optimization research on the cold energy utilization scheme of LNG powered container ship is carried out, taking the cold energy utilization rate of LNG cold energy scheme as the objective function, the LNG cold energy utilization scheme is optimized.

Marine renewable energy has the characteristics of green and clean, wide distribution, nearby consumption, accurate prediction, and customization on demand. It can provide green energy solutions according to the needs of islands, ocean economic development, and energy consumption of offshore equipment. China has an excellent marine renewable energy resource. Facing great pressure on climate change and energy crisis, the Chinese Government has been showing a strong commitment to marine renewable energy. In this paper, we describe the resources distribution and technology status of marine renewable energy, analyse marine renewable energy strategies in China, and assessment and advices are given for each energy categories. This paper provides an overview of marine renewable energy industries, technology, policy, development trend, structure of industrial chains, challenges, opportunities in China, and provides recommendations for the development of marine renewable energy.

For the problem of optimal scheduling of integrated energy systems involving wind power consumption, by mining multiple thermal inertia, a stochastic optimal scheduling strategy with consideration of mixed uncertainties is proposed. Firstly, the network thermal inertia is explored by considering the dynamic characteristics and thermal storage of heat network. Then the heat load flexibility constraint is introduced to model the thermal inertia of buildings. Finally heat pumps and heat storage are used as time-shiftable loads or sources, which are jointly modelled with CHP units to solve the peak-valley mismatch of electric and heat loads, and on this basis, the model is established. In this paper, the Barry Island's case which is composed of 33-node thermal network coupled with 9-node grid system is used as an example for analysis, and results show that by exploring the multiple thermal inertia, both the complementarity and the flexible dispatch between multiple heterogeneous energy sources in integrated energy system can be realized.

The authors considered the processes of phase transformation of the working fluid in the compression unit of the freon circuit in the section "thermal expansion valve (TEV) - evaporator - compressor". By adjusting the expansion valve under the conditions of the bubble mode of boiling of the refrigerant, the evaporation process takes place, accompanied by the achievement of a certain excess of steam temperature. Determination of rheological parameters (droplet size, vapor viscosity, refrigerant droplet vaporization rate) is necessary so that when moving from the throttle valve (TEV) to the compressor inlet, they have time to go into the vapor phase or return to the mass of boiling liquid. The article presents the results of an analytical calculation of the parameters of the kinetics of evaporation of Freon droplets as they move in a steam flow. The results of such an analysis make it possible to formulate requirements for the optimal droplet size in the created vapor-liquid mixture in order to ensure their maximum evaporation and the required thermal efficiency of the AHP as a whole. The established patterns of evaporation of refrigerant droplets can be used to select the design and operation of the AHP.

Constant pressure hydraulic power take-off (CPHPTO) utilizes a high-pressure accumulator to weaken its oil pressure fluctuations. However, CPHPTO operating point still changes violently under the circumstance of the changeable irregular waves as well as the limited volume of the high-pressure accumulator. This causes CPHPTO to work away from the designed operating point and even to run in the inefficient and unstable region. This paper proposes a speed-and-pressure combined control (SPCC) strategy, which keeps system speed/pressure around the designed value via the vector control of a PMSG or the displacement tuning of a hydraulic motor, for the efficient and stable operation of a CPHPTO. A SPCC strategy for the CPHPTO embedded in a novel inverse pendulum wave energy converter (NIPWEC) is designed in detail. Furthermore, the overall wave-to-wire dynamic model is simulated in irregular waves to research the effect of SPCC. Results show that both the SPCC with an oil pressure open-loop regulator (OPOLR) and the SPCC with an oil pressure closed-loop regulator (OPCLR) can effectively stabilize the system speed/pressure. Besides, SPCC, especially the SPCC with OPCLR, can effectively improve both the efficiency and stability of CPHPTO. Moreover, system-speed control is more significant than system-pressure control in terms of improving CPHPTO efficiency.

The rational design of dense and flexible solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with interface compatibility is still challenging. Here, we report a three-layer dense 3D nanofibrous matrix (PCOF) by constructing a nanofiber framework combining polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and fast Li-ion conductor covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by electrospinning method. PCOF film can maintain an extraordinary electrolyte/electrode interface and an interconnected ion-conduction pathway, accelerating Li⁺ diffusion. The PCOF quasi-solid-state electrolyte (QSSE) has high oxidative stability (4.70 V, versus Li⁺/Li) and ion conductivity of 2.94×10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ at room temperature. Lithium-ion battery based on PCOF QSSE with LiFPO₄ (LFP) cathode exhibits outstanding rate characteristics and cycling stability. This multi-layer composite strategy will start a new area of QSSEs lithium-ion electrolytic devices, and simultaneously accelerate the design of electrolytes featuring a wide range of properties.

The sea is an important aspect of development in bay areas. Coordinated development of the marine resource environment and social economy is an inevitable requirement for high-quality development of the marine economy. This paper builds an index to evaluate the coordination of marine resources, environment and social economy in bay areas from four aspects: resource and environmental effects, resource utilization compliance, socio-economic development conditions, and technological investment and development status. The model is implemented for Taizhou Bay. The results show that the overall level of coordination between its marine resource environment and social economy is poor, under 0.4. The main reasons for this situation are the decline in environmental quality of bay resources, and insufficient technological investment and development. In view of the problem of uncoordinated regional development, this paper puts forward two suggestions to provide technical support for the high-quality development of Taizhou Bay: implementation of land and sea resource control, and increased investment in environmental repair technology in the bay.

In view of the important practical needs of marine forecasting and marine production in the Bohai Sea port, this paper constructs a regional high-resolution coupled forecasting model of sea air waves to carry out 5-day marine forecasting. The resolution of ocean and wave models is higher than 1km, and the resolution of the inner layer grid of the atmospheric model is 3km. Compared with the international advanced model HYCOM, it is found that the simulation results of the high sub regional coupling model are obviously better than those of HYCOM, its results clearly shows the flow field and tidal current characteristics, which are consistent with the observation results; The spatial modes of SST are consistent with HYCOM. The results of current and SST indicate that the prediction results of the coupled model are reliable and better than those of HYCOM.

In this study, the runoff data from 12 representative stations in the Yellow River from 2005 to 2020 is utilized, and the Mann-Kendall trend test is used to examine the changes in the observed runoff of the Yellow River. The results show that the annual runoff has grown in the upper reaches and has gradually reduced along the river flow direction. It is because the runoff is mainly affected by precipitation and human activities. In addition, the runoff mutation of each hydrological station is not consistent. This may be caused by many factors, resulting in the complexity of annual runoff changes. The findings can reveal runoff sequence variation of the Yellow River and provide a theoretical basis for river management.

The accelerated aging tests of the special neoprene material in hot air were carried in laboratory. The aging mechanism was analyzed by using FTIR, DSC and TG spectra. The results showed that the thermal oxidative aging in air was a self-catalyzed oxidating reaction, the cross-linking reaction firstly in the process of thermo-oxidation, and the degradation reaction occurs at the later stage of aging.

This paper introduces the realization algorithm of ocean element curves and profiles on GIS. The algorithm projects the curves and profiles of ocean elements onto the geographic map. It realizes the combination of two-dimensional spatial geographic location, time dimension of curve change and spatial dimension of vertical profile, and displays three-dimensional information on a two-dimensional plane map. It can well express the actual survey data, statistical analysis data, and realize the comprehensive visualization of marine elements. The algorithm is useful in the visualization of ocean data. The algorithm has good application prospects in the visualization display of marine data, quality control of survey data, joint analysis of different elements or disciplines, and scientific research.

Taking Acer truncatum as the research object, this paper discusses the influence of structural changes on the noise reduction effect, and quantitatively measures and analyzes the biological structural characteristics and noise reduction effect. The conclusions are as follows: 1) structural changes, especially the changes of branches and leaves, have a significant impact on the noise reduction effect of the crown. The noise reduction effect of the complete crown is the best. With the thinning of branches and leaves, the noise reduction ability of the crown gradually decreases. The noise reduction ability of the complete crown >2/3 crown >1/4 crown >0 crown. 2) All the 17 biological structures have a very significant impact on the noise reduction effect of the crown. The light transmittance, porosity and branch density of the crown are the key structures that affect the noise reduction effect of the crown of Acer truncatum. The light transmittance and porosity of the facade are negatively correlated with the noise reduction effect, and the branch density is positively correlated with the noise reduction effect. The smaller the gap between branches and leaves in the crown and the denser the branches, the better the noise reduction effect of the crown.

The article investigated the effect of substrate ratio and shock load resistance on the nitrogen removal efficiency of curtain packing anammox filler and bundle packing anammox filler. The results had shown that the nitrogen removal performance was recommendable when the NH₄⁺-N: NO₂⁻-N was set as 1:1.20, regardless of the curtain packing filler or the bundle packing filler. After the total nitrogen concentration was directly increased from 770 mg/L to 1320 mg/L for 12 h. From the perspective of the steady of nitrogen removal performance, the bundle packing filler was better than curtain packing filler, and the effluent TN concentration was beyond 70 mg/L. Subsequently, within 1 day when the influent TN concentration increased to 770 mg/L, both filler systems quickly recovered. The structure of the bundle packing was beneficial to the fixed, cultured, and aggregation of anammox bacteria made it a better filler type. The high-throughput results showed that the dominant bacteria in the two packing fillers was Candidatus Kuenenia, which accounted for 15.16% and 22.85% in the curtain packing filler and the bundle packing filler system respectively.

Jiangsu Province is an area with active economic and social development. With the advancement of urbanization, ecological issues have become a hot spot in the region. Objectively and quantitatively assessing spatial-temporal environmental quality changes is crucial for environmental protection and policymaking. Remote sensing is a very effective ground-based information acquisition tool for long-term ecological analysis. Thus, this study uses remote sensing to evaluate the quality of the ecological environment in Jiangsu Province. The Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) from 1990 to 2020 is calculated on the Google Earth Engine platform. The spatial-temporal changes and spatial auto-correlation of the ecological environment quality are evaluated. The results show that from 1990 to 2020, the ecological status shows a downward-rising-flat trend. The RSEI has decreased from 0.4677(1990) to 0.4524(2005) and then increased from 0.4524(2005) to 0.4562(2020). The spatial auto-correlation analysis show that the spatial distribution of ecological quality is positively correlated. The clustering map of RSEI spatially correlated local indicators show that the hot points are mainly located in the north and middle parts of the study area. The cold points are mainly distributed in the southern Yangtze River coastal urban cluster. Such a technique is not limited by time and space, so it can be widely used in monitoring and protecting the ecological environment.

In this study, we utilized the dynamic changes in land use and ecosystem service value to provide ecological security protection and realize the coordinated development of ecosystem service functions for the Jiulongjiangkou Wetland Reserve. We counted the land use changes and calculated the ecological service value of the Jiulongjiangkou by using eCognition 9.0, ArcMap 10.2, Fragstats 4.2, and other software based on the remote sensing image from 2013 to 2021 with five phases, which were captured by Landsat-8 satellite. The results showed that the land use type of Jiulongjiangkou City changed significantly and was affected by human activities, in which the wetland area decreased by 8.61 km², a decrease of 8.5%. In the past ten years, the value of ecosystem service has not increased, which decreased by 1.3*10⁸ RMB in 2021 compared with 2013. In the future, we should continue to increase the protection of forest lands and waters, maintain the stability of the ecosystem of protected areas, rationally plan the land for construction, actively develop green agriculture, and steadily enhance the value of ecosystem service.

As an effective new type of marine exploration equipment with high measurement accuracy, high spatial resolution and high repetitive sampling frequency, ground wave radar is widely used in the field of marine environment exploration around the world. This paper introduces the current status of international ground wave radar development and the operation of ground wave radar sea current detection in China. Then the current status of current observation date's application of Chinese ground wave radar is described from four research directions, including tidal current prediction, calibration and validation, data quality control and numerical simulation. Finally, the development trend of ground wave radar is briefly analysed.

Developed at the estuary of Fudu River, the sandbar-lagoon system there occupies the longest sandy coastline of east coast of Liaodong Bay, China. Over the past several decades, substantial changes are believed to have occurred over the system regarding its sedimentary characteristics and dynamic environment, partly due to the anthropogenic influences. However, few studies have been reported to investigate such evolution. To fill this gap, grain size analysis was conducted with 52 sediment samples to reveal the sediment distribution patterns. In addition, the sedimentary environment and sediment transport trend were studied using the Pejrup M triangular diagram and Gao-Collins grain size trend analysis method. Our results show that the surface sediments are mainly sandy with coarser sediment found over the northern part of the sandbar whereas fine-grained sediments are mainly in the lagoon area. The sedimentary dynamics environment can be divided into the northern area of sandbar and the lagoon area. The relatively larger grain size, low sorting coefficient and positive skewness in the northern part of sandbar indicates a strong and stable hydrodynamic environment dominated by waves and currents. Meanwhile, the small mean size, high sorting coefficient and negative skewness in the lagoon area implies a weak hydrodynamic environment due to significant reduction of hydrodynamic strength. In the lagoon area, the sediments are transported mainly from coastal ocean to the interior of lagoon in suspension. Our study provide basin understanding of the controlling dynamics on sandbar evolution, and can provide guidelines for the preservation of the sandbar-lagoon system.

Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is major raw material to generate surfactant and there is only one plant in Indonesia producing CAPB. It is predicted the demand of CAPB in Indonesia reach 53,000 ton annually. Following this journal, a surfactant plant with zero CO₂ emission is designed which located at Special Economic Region (KEK) Sei Mangkei, North Sumatra with 70,000 TPA capacity production. Based on the analysis of mass and heat balance need 14,500 TPA HPKO, 81,500 TPA CWS, 6,000 TPA LPS, 2,650 TPA MPS. According to equipment specification, 49,564.34 kJ/hr electricity is needed for this plant. Processing HPKO into CAPB has 2 main reactions, amidation and quaternization. Amidation is reaction to create intermediate product, amidoamine from reaction of HPKO with DMAPA using batch stirred reactor with 96% conversion at 3.5 barg and 140°C. Quaternization is reaction between amidoamine and sodium monochloroacetic acid (SMCA) using 2 series plug flow reactor to reach 96% conversion. The result of reaction is CAPB 30% which cooled first, then distribute to the consumers. Total Capital Investment required is $37,359,880.75 where consists of 3 years construction and 20 years production with IRR 39.64%, Pay Out Time 5.65 years, and WACC 13%.

The influence of different phase states of CO₂ on the seepage characteristics of different rocks is one of the most important factors to enhance shale gas exploitation, such as CO₂ fracturing and displacement, and achieve CO₂ geological storage. Rock soaking experiments with different CO₂ phase states were carried out to compare and analyze the influence of permeability, contact angle, starting pressure gradient and other seepage characteristic parameters of sandstone and shale before and after soaking. Research shows: After soaking in liquid and supercritical CO₂, the permeability and contact angle of sandstone and shale increase in varying degrees, and the starting pressure gradient decreases in varying degrees. After soaking in liquid CO₂, the permeability of sandstone and shale increased by 1.71% and 12.88% respectively, the contact angle increased by 3.23% and 7.47% respectively, and the starting pressure gradient decreased by 3.02% and 5.88% respectively. After supercritical CO₂ immersion, the permeability of sandstone and shale increased by 37.37% and 48.82% respectively, the contact angle increased by 19.27% and 36.80% respectively, and the starting pressure gradient decreased by 35.39% and 39.34% respectively. Compared with sandstone, the seepage characteristics of shale after soaking in liquid and supercritical CO₂ have greater changes; Compared with liquid CO₂, the seepage characteristics of sandstone and shale change more after supercritical CO₂ soaking. With the increase of supercritical CO₂ soaking time, the contact angle of sandstone slightly increases, while that of shale obviously increases. Compared with liquid CO₂, the change of seepage curves of sandstone and shale after supercritical CO₂ soaking is more different.

The solute travel time in steady and gradually varied flow in rivers is necessary for waste transport studies, in particular, to evaluate the behavior of accidentally spilled soluble substances in streams. This study conducted two dye tests on the Donghe reach within Baotou in the upper Yellow River to measure the travel times in October 2015. It reconstructed the leading and trailing edge missed data by extension from time-concentration curves developed by fitting a three-parameter log-normal (3PLN) equation to the discretely observed data. It also calculated the travel times, dispersion rates, and longitudinal dispersion coefficients. The results show that the calculated travel rates of the centroid are less than the velocities at the Baotou hydrometric station. The calculated longitudinal dispersion rates ranged from about 0.22 meters per second to 0.68 meters per second. Using the nonlinear best fit method, a dispersion model for an instantaneous injection of tracer gave the longitudinal dispersion coefficients ranging from about 76 square meters per second to about 304 square meters per second. However, the ones generated by some commonly used empirical equations are at least 2.6 times them. Tracing tests are essential to obtain helpful information for pollutant transport studies.

Remote sensing images play an important role in landscape pattern analysis. Medium/low-resolution remote sensing images are widely used because they are freely available. However, sometimes the results are not precise enough due to the data quality. Therefore, this study utilized the 30m medium-resolution remote sensing images acquired by the Landsat-8 satellite, which is associated with super-resolution technology of deep learning to upsample the spatial resolution from 30 * 30 m² to about 7.5 * 7.5 m² and perform artificial interpretation on the upsampling images. Several indexes of the landscape pattern were used to analyze the landscape composition and landscape pattern evolution trend of the Jiulongjiangkou wetland in Fujian Province from 2013 to 2021. The results showed that: (1) The total wetland area decreased from 101.26 km² to 92.65 km². (2) The silt beach has the most dramatic change; its area is decreased by 6.53 km². (3) The speed of urban expansion is obvious. The industrial and mining lands increased from 9.15 km² to 22.15 km², and the traffic land increased from 1.9 km² to 3.46 km². The study found that wind speed, temperature, radiation index, storm runoff, and human activities are the five main driving factors affecting wetland change.

In order to understand the extent of damage to the environment and the scope of impact of mine development, using domestic high resolution satellite data, application of remote sensing and geographic information system technology, for comprehensive evaluation of the mining environment in Anhui Province, through the analytic hierarchy process, the quantitative analysis and zoning study of the mine environmental conditions are carried out, 16 evaluation factors were determined, and the comprehensive evaluation index model of mine geological environment was established, set comprehensive evaluation grade. Through analysis and research, the mining geological environment in Anhui Province is divided into four grades: seriously affected area, relatively seriously affected area, generally affected area and non-affected area. Field investigation and verification were carried out in the area seriously affected by the geological environment of the mine. The results showed that use of RS and GIS technology to carry out mine environment assessment in Anhui Province can more accurately reflect the extent of damage and scope of impact of mine development on the environment, and provide relatively reliable technical support and scientific basis for subsequent mine environment restoration and management.

In order to find a suitable method for the evaluation of groundwater quality in Xi'an, the principles of single factor evaluation method, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and modified fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are briefly described. Three methods are applied to the comparative analysis of water quality evaluation of 34 phreatic water samples in Xi'an. The results show that: (1) The results of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are more optimistic than those of single factor evaluation method. (2) The single factor evaluation method is simple in calculation and can directly reflect the degree of pollutants exceeding the standard in water, but the evaluation results are too one-sided to reflect the actual situation of water quality; The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the modified fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method more comprehensively consider the comprehensive impact of evaluation factors on water quality, and their results are more objective than the single factor evaluation method. (3) The modified fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method improves the accuracy of the membership matrix by changing the critical value of Class V water. The weighted average calculation method avoids the error caused by the square term of concentration, so that the evaluation results will not be distorted. It is a very effective evaluation method, which should be promoted.

Fabrication technique of S- and C-doped TiO₂ nano-particle via solvo-thermal treatments was introduced, and its appearance and crystal property were studied using transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray and powder X-ray diffraction. All of these characterisations gave a reasonable explanation to satisfactory doping of S and C in the anatase. The photo-catalytic oxidation was conducted in environmental chambers, together with UV-VIS spectra. The catalytically active S- and C-doped anatase was assessed via surveying the formaldehyde degradation of waterborne paints, and a removal efficiency of 93.9% in 85 min illustrated an enhanced visible-light activity.

Water surface plasma (WSP) discharge technology coupling with Fe²⁺ and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was investigated for the degradation of malachite green (MG) dye wastewater. The effects of Fe²⁺ dosage, PMS dosage, input voltage and solution initial conductivity on the degradation of MG were investigated. When the Fe²⁺ dosage was 125 μM, PMS dosage was 0.5 mM and input voltage was 16 kV, the degradation performance and reaction rate of MG reached 96.3% and 0.219 min⁻¹ within the discharge time of 15 min. When increasing the initial conductivity from 31.1 μS/cm to 1000 μS/cm, degradation efficiency of MG decreased from 97.9% to 94.1% with the decrease of only 3.8% and degradation rate declined by only 0.074 min⁻¹.

Due to the low cost, good chemical stability and structural diversity, hard carbon has been considered as an important anode material for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs). However, due to the large diameter of K⁺, PIBs with both excellent rate performance and long-life is still challenging. Herein, sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) co-doped hard carbon anode are synthesized via polymerization of thiophene and phytic acid and the following concise pyrolysis strategy. S in hard carbon can used as reactive sites for K⁺ storage and P doping will effectively improve wettability of electrolyte. After temperature regulation, the fabricated SP-700 with dual and abundant heteroatom doping exhibits high initial reversible capacity (412 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹), excellent rate performance (130 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 A g⁻¹) and stable cyclic performance (94 mAh g⁻¹ after 1500 cycles at 2 A g⁻¹).

Wood has become a promising and more eco-friendly option for modern structures. This work aims to comparatively investigate the combustion characteristics of the aged and unaged wood samples. The tests were conducted by cone calorimeter under the heat fluxes ranging from 35-55 kW/m². Critical parameters including ignition time, heat release rate and concentration ratio of CO/CO₂ were measured and analyzed.

Triclosan (TCS), one of the most widely used antimicrobial agents, is frequently detected at wastewater treatment plants and environmental matrices including soil, water, sediment, and biota samples. In this study, a TCS-degrading bacterium was isolated from local activated sludge and identified as Burkholderia sp. L303. Strain L303 could degrade TCS (0.5-8 mg/L) as sole carbon source. The optimal condition was 35°C and pH 7. The in-vitro assay with the glucose-enriched cells showed the ability of TCS degradation in real water samples, indicating the functional enzyme expressed in the absence of TCS. The bioaugmentation of strain L303 in non-sterile wastewater showed better degradation rate than that in the control groups. The community profiles showed the potential cooperative interactions between strain L303 and indigenous bacteria, thereby enhancing the TCS degradation in the real polluted water. The finding of this study could facilitate in developing appropriate bioaugmentation strategy by using live bacteria or active enzyme and in designing beneficial community interactions within native and external species for treating TCS-laden waters.

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diethyl phthalate (DEP) are among the most extensively utilized plasticizers and widely exist in the environment causing adverse effect on human health. Previous studies on these phthalic acid esters (PAEs) biodegradation mainly involved individual substrates. However, these contaminants are more possible existed in mixtures. This work explored the biodegradation of DBP and DEP and their interactions using the indigenous isolate Bacillus sp. MY156. The results demonstrate DBP could be completely degraded by strain MY156 with high efficiency, while DEP showed relatively lower removal efficiency (72%) in 120 h. The binary substrate removal results revealed the coexistence of DBP and DEP had no significant influence on the degradation of each under the optimal pH and temperature. Nevertheless, slight retardation of the removal efficiency for DEP noticed as co-existed with DBP demonstrated their removal was possibly affected through the substrate competition. The dehydrogenase activity assay illustrated the behaviors of dehydrogenases caused by long-side chains PAEs were higher than PAEs with shorter alkyl chains. The isolate Bacillus sp. MY156 showed a positive utilization potentiality for bioremediation of PAEs-polluted environment.

Plasma treatment of wastewater is known as a new advanced oxidation process (AOP), which has attracted extensive attention. Dielectric barrier discharge plasma has the characteristics of no vacuum pumping and high electron number density. It has outstanding application value in various forms of plasma. There are many coupling factors that affect the characteristics of dielectric barrier discharge plasma and the effect of wastewater treatment. Optimizing the key parameters is of great significance to improve the treatment efficiency and reduce the treatment cost. This paper introduces the principle, experimental device, potential advantages and application value of dielectric barrier discharge, summarizes the influence rules of key factors such as high voltage power supply characteristics, electrode configuration, carrier gas and reactor design on the characteristics of organic pollutant wastewater treatment by dielectric barrier discharge plasma. The optimization and matching of multiple factors are important problems. This paper provides a useful reference for the engineering application of plasma technology for wastewater treatment.

The separate storm pump station can reduce the overflow pollution in rainy days and reduce the impact on the water environment. However, before or after rainfall, the impact of the discharge of diversion rainwater pump station on the water environment is still prominent, which has become one of the important reasons restricting the improvement of water environment pollution. This paper investigates the diversion rainwater pump stations in Shanghai, analyzes the discharge flow and pollution law of the diversion rainwater pump stations according to the operation data, and studies the characteristics, causes and effects of discharge pollution. Therefore, to provide support for the pollutant discharge control of the diversion rainwater pump station.

The mass production of pigs will affect the ecological environment around the pig farm. It requires hard work and a lot of manpower and material resources. This paper investigates the ecological environment status of pig manure cleaning and treatment, antibiotic and nitrogen and phosphorus treatment in manure, and gas pollution treatment in pig farms. The development of pig house environmental monitoring and pig farm feeding automation is reviewed. It is pointed out that the research on the cleaning and disposal methods of pig excretion pollutants, the integration of these methods, and the automation and intelligence of pig breeding will become the main research trend of pig breeding.

This paper introduces the design and implementation of marine environment statistical analysis system. From the system architecture design, database design and main functions of the system, the design and main functions of the marine environment statistical analysis system based on the comprehensive database of marine environment are described. Based on the B/S architecture, the system is developed in Java language, which realizes the horizontal coverage of marine environmental hydrological and meteorological elements, and also realizes the exploration of marine environmental hydrological and meteorological elements from statistical analysis to climate change analysis and phenomenon analysis. The products produced by the system will provide basic product support for the marine disaster prevention and mitigation, ecological civilization construction, marine economy, marine military and other fields in China.

The adsorption kinetics and short-term soil adsorption experiments were carried out for the biochar (mixed charcoal) prepared by co-pyrolysis of rice straw and sludge. The results showed that the specific surface area and total pore volume of co-pyrolysed biochar were significantly increased compared with sludge pyrolysis biochar. In the lead solution adsorption experiment, the removal rate of lead ions in the solution reached 99.34% using mixed-burning biochar produced at 600 °C for 24h, and the unit mass adsorption capacity was 64.57 mg/g. In the soil adsorption experiment, 12 g/kg of mixed charcoal was added to lead-contaminated soil, and the leaching toxicity and bioavailability of lead-contaminated soil after stabilization for 30 days decreased by 45.3% and 37.0%, respectively. The soil pH value with 12 g/kg of mixed charcoal added within 30 days fluctuated between 7.03 and 7.12, and no acid or alkaline pollution was generated. Co-pyrolysed biochar can effectively reduce the leaching toxicity and bioavailability of lead in soil. For soil with a lead pollution concentration of less than 1600 mg/kg, adding 12 to 16 g/kg of co-pyrolysed biochar produced at 600 °C can achieve a satisfactory repair effect.

In recent years, researchers from various countries have found that atmospheric microparticle pollution occurring around the world has seriously endangered human health and the earth's ecological environment. In order to solve the problem of atmospheric micro-particle pollution, researchers have carried out multi-faceted analysis on its source, composition and causes of pollution. However, few people combine the complex electromagnetic environment in space with the problem of micro-particle pollution in recent years. In this study, it is found that atmospheric suspended microparticles have weak magnetism and carry charge, so it is preliminarily explored whether space electromagnetic radiation has an effect on microparticles. Based on this background, this study used simulation modeling and experimental verification methods. The results show that the physical properties of atmospheric suspended microparticles will be significantly changed by electromagnetic radiation.

Phreatic is an important water resource for human survival and development. With the process of urbanization, diving in many areas has been polluted to varying degrees. In order to find out the existing relationship between phreatic level and water quality, in this study, 53 Wells in the main urban area of Xi'an in 2017 were selected to map and analyze the submersible water level, and the improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was used to evaluate the submersible water quality. The results show that the change of phreatic level is closely related to the fluctuation of terrain. The improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method can well reflect the phreatic quality in the study area, and it is universal. There is a linear relationship between phreatic level and water quality. Due to the flow in phreatic water, the polluted phreatic in the upstream will pollute it in the downstream. This is also the reason why the water quality along the Weihe River is poor. This study has positive significance for the good development of phreatic protection and the construction of human life in the study area.

This study aimed to observe the characteristics of water quality and algae in Meiliang bay of Taihu Lake, China, and probe the correlation. The water quality and algae were observed at fixed sites and high frequency (three times per day) for five days. The observation indexes included: (1) water temperature, dissolved oxygen percentage, dissolved oxygen concentration, electrical conductivity, TDS, salinity, pH and ORP. (2) Total nitrogen (TN), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total phosphorus (TP), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), chlorophyll-a content, permanganate index (COD), NO₃⁻-N, NH₄⁺-N, and PO₄³-P. Then correlation analysis was conducted between the above indexes and algae growth. The results showed that:(1) The concentration of TN was 1.479±0.152mg/L. The concentration of TP was 0.113± 0.019mg/L. The COD concentration was 4.584±0.549mg/L. (2) A variety of algae were observed in the samples, among which microcystis was the most abundant. The concentration of chlorophyll-a was 28.509±7.421ug/L. (3) Chlorophyll-a content was significantly correlated with TDN, TDP, PO₄³-P (P < 0.001), NH₄⁺-N, NO₃⁻-N (P < 0.01), and TP (P < 0.05). Based on above results, we conclude that all the indexes in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake are in the normal range, indicating that the effects of ecological management is obvious. However, the water environment is still suitable for the growth of algae, especially cyanobacteria, so there is still potential danger of cyanobacteria bloom. It is necessary to strengthen monitoring and take timely countermeasures.

China's thermal power plant wet FGD (flue gas desulphurization) produces more than 80 million tons of gypsum each year. The factors affecting the quality of wet desulphurization gypsum are limestone quality, flue gas dust, gypsum slurry pH, slurry quality, gypsum water content, desulphurization system design features, and operating conditions, etc. There are many reasons for high gypsum moisture content, and the analysis and solution are particularly complex. Through a case analysis of a power plant with high moisture content of desulphurization gypsum, the main reasons are that the unit has been operating under low load conditions for a long time with low sulphur coal, limestone supply slurry is high, slurry pH is high, and the volume of gypsum crystals generated is small, resulting in gypsum dehydration difficulty and high moisture content. The measures were to add the crystal seeds into the slurry and to lower the operation pH. The slurry quality is improved, and the gypsum dehydration returns to normal. The design margin of the desulphurization system is large, even in a long-term low sulphur and low load operation. There are no similar cases, and this situation generally does not attract attention. It is worth further analysis and reference.

In view of the complexity of traditional eco-environmental quality evaluation index system and the time-consuming calculation, this paper used remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), combined with MODIS products and GEE platform, to quantitatively evaluate the eco-environmental quality and land use in Jing-Jin-Ji from 2010 to 2020, and analysed the response relationship between eco-environmental quality and ecological land. The results showed that: 1) The eco-environmental quality in Jing-Jin-Ji showed a "V" shaped change trend in the past ten years, with its average value first decreased from 0.51 to 0.46, and then increased to 0.48; 2) The dynamic degree of arable and grass land in Jing-Jin-Ji was negative, while forest land was positive. The average annual increment of construction land was the highest (638.72 km²•y⁻¹); 3) There existed good consistency between the average RSEI value and the change trend of ecological land in Jing-Jin-Ji, but the change rate was not synchronous, which showed that the increased rate of ecological land was higher than the decreased rate, while the increased rate of the average RSEI value was significantly lower than the decreased rate, reflecting that the recovery rate of eco-environmental quality was lower than the degradation rate.

Sanmen Bay is one of the six major bays in Zhejiang Province, China. Its economic development over the past few decades has been rapid, and the intensity of ocean development has also been increasing. This paper analyzes the main resource and environmental problems in Sanmen Bay, including severe coastline development, significantly increased utilization of its intertidal zones, the threat to island resources from development, undiversified sea area use, and non-confirmation of ownership rights on a large scale. It then proposes countermeasures for high-quality development, including strictly controlling new land reclamation, strengthening coastal wetland protection and restoration, maintaining the natural shoreline retention rate, and preserving near-shore back-up spatial resources.