Table of contents

This paper represents a preface to the Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Sustainable Futures: Environmental, Technological, Social, and Economic Matters (ICSF 2022) held at the Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine, 24–27 May 2022. Background information and the organizational structure of the meeting, program committee, and acknowledgments of the contributions of the many people who made the conference a success are presented.

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Double Anonymous

• Conference submission management system: Morressier

• Number of submissions received: 125

• Number of submissions sent for review: 112

• Number of submissions accepted: 84

• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100):

67.2

• Average number of reviews per paper: 0

• Total number of reviewers involved: 76

• Contact person for queries:

Name: Serhiy Semerikov

Email: semerikov@gmail.com

Affiliation: Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University

Tailings of mining and processing plants of Kryvbas are new areas of groundwater supply which have led to significant changes in the hydrodynamic and hydrogeochemical regimes of aquifers. The purpose of the research was to assess the degree of damage to the areas adjacent to the tailings of mining enterprises by dangerous The purpose of the research was to assess the degree of damage to the areas adjacent to the tailings of mining enterprises by dangerous hydrogeological processes, flooding and inundation. The quantitative regime of groundwater is in a stable state and corresponds to the modern conditions of operation of industrial facilities. During the research, chemical pollution in groundwater of all aquifers was recorded. At the time of research, there was an increased content of such microcomponents as: carcinogenic cadmium and nickel (up to 1.9-34 MPC; and 2.6-8.4 MPC, respectively); non-carcinogenic lead (up to 1.7-7 MPC); manganese (up to 2-320 MPC); bromine (up to 14-94 MPC) in the groundwater of all aquifers in the north. In the center, there was the accumulation of abnormally high concentrations of elements such as iron, manganese (up to 36-1420 MPC rate of 0.3 mg / dm³ and 1.3-66 MPC rate of 0.1 mg / dm³, respectively, and a significant increase in the value of dry residue and the content of major macrocomponents in all aquifers. In the south for the modern period there is pollution of groundwater of the Quaternary and Neogene systems with such elements as total iron (15-2800 MPC), manganese (1.9-132 MPC), sometimes vanadium, cadmium. The geochemical essence of the formation of the chemical composition of polluted waters lies in the intensity of changes in the hydrogeochemical system and in the change in the migratory properties of chemical elements. The newest techniques and scientific developments on localization and the prevention of migration of heavy metals with the subsequent pollution of waters are required.

Iron ore mining is followed by significant disturbances of the earth's surface caused by both iron ore mining facilities (underground mines and open pits) and disposal of mining and concentration wastes on the surface (waste and substandard ore dumps at underground mines, overburden and oxidized rock dumps at open pits, tailings storage facilities at mining and beneficiation plants). In addition, operation of mining enterprises leads to creating hundreds of kilometers of above-ground pipelines, technological roads and railroads; drilling and blasting operations at underground mines and open pits lead to seismic phenomena and geotectonic disturbances of the surface in the form of sinkholes and craters in places of underground workings. The presented scientific work aims to generalize the practice of measures to optimize landscape disturbances caused by mining and develop individual issues of arrangement and technology of reclamation of disturbed surface areas in conditions of Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin. Technogenic surface disturbances accumulated during the period of economic exploitation of the region require a comprehensive solution in two directions. The first one consists in reducing the rate of new destructive impacts on the state of the relief by switching from extensive methods of deposit exploitation to all-round intensification of production (introduction of low-waste technologies, concentration waste re-treatment, oxidized ores processing, transition to technologies of internal dumping). The second one involves optimization of already formed landscape disturbances through reclamation. It is recommended to implement a number of methods of improving individual technogenic landscape formations by engineering and biological methods.

The urgent environmental problem of industrial Kryvbas is the reduction of dust formation from wind erosion of bare surfaces, especially slopes, dumps of iron ore mines and quarries. The best way to reduce the dusting of dumps is to afforest their surface with trees and bushes, but naturally this process can take up to 15-20 years, and the well-known scientific developments to solve this problem are ineffective or too time-consuming. The objective of our work is to create the innovative technology for active stimulation of self-organized vegetation of hard-to-reach steep slopes of dumps. To implement the idea, it is proposed to use standard hydroseeders for a new purpose, in particular, HM-0-HARV Turbo Turf hydroseeder, which is able to create hydroflow at a distance of 30-50 m. The article describes in detail the essence of the developed technology, method of organizing and conducting hydraulic sowing from both the lower and upper edge of the dumps. It is recommended to include seeds of herbaceous grass and legumes, deciduous trees and shrubs, mineral fertilizers and nutrient substrate (sewage sludge) in the seeding hydraulic mixture. The proportion of seeds of various plant species, fertilizers and nutrient substrate in the hydraulic mixture for sowing on the slopes of Kryvyi Rih dumps, which have a neutral soil acidity and contain at least 3% of the fine fraction of rocks in the surface structure, is substantiated. According to the results of testing the proposed technology, it is concluded that applying a mixture of seeds of herbaceous plants, trees and shrubs in combination with mineral fertilizers and nutrient substrate to the surface of dump slopes by hydroflow accelerates their self-organized vegetation by about 3-4 times. It is shown that crop care measures in the first year of plant vegetation (periodic watering and, if necessary, fertilizing using hydroseeder) can save up to 60-75% of seedlings and help stabilize newly created biogeocenosis in subsequent years.

When mining deposits with room-and-pillar methods with backfilling, available hanging wall rocks and ores of medium or low stability can cause hanging wall rock collapses into stoping areas, thus causing escalation of ore dilution with waste rocks. The research work is aimed at determining areas of maximum stresses and their quantitative characteristics which can cause collapses of hanging wall rocks in the mined-out stope area and developing technological solutions to reduce concentration of stresses. Options of mining stopes located on the hanging wall of the deposit are investigated on polarization-optical models. According to the results of studying polarization-optical models with different designs of stope chains, there are obtained stress fields for each model in the zone of stope influence. The research reveals that when using a stoping method with partial processing of hanging wall rocks in the contact plane with the country rocks, the maximum stresses are much higher than in case of the arched form of the stoping area. On the basis of the obtained research results, it is recommended to carry out chambers with the formation of a vaulted shape of the roof from the hanging side in order to reduce the clogging of the ore.

The article is devoted to monitoring surface displacement and the condition of monitored objects. The object of research is the process of displacement of the earth's surface and the state of protected objects of the "United" deposit of the mine department for underground mining of ores of PJSC "ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih". The displacement process is monitored based on long-lasting instrumental observations to determine surface deformations and assess the safety of exploitation of the monitored objects within the mining allotment. The study findings enable ascertaining that in the southern and central parts of the minefield, the displacement process has stopped, but in the northern part, it is still developing, and mining will have no impact on the technological objects of the Mine Management in the next two years. Over the recent two years, actual subsidence rates in the railway area have not exceeded 2.7 mm/month, and they are significantly lower than the permissible values (100 mm/month). The road sections shifting and the base for the removal of the road continue to develop. Mining operations at the deposit "Obiednanyi" have no hazardous impact on the "Schistose Rocks" natural geological reserve, the settlement of Karnavatka and the cemetery "Zakhidne". Displacement on road and road base sections is in progress. In the vicinity of the settlement of Zhukivka, the maximum relative deformations (3.2 mm/m) are still much lower than the permissible one (6 mm/m), and they will not reach their maximum permissible values in the nearest two three years. In the last year, deformation rates decreased and reached the 2018 figure. Therefore, all the monitored objects within the mining allotment can be safely exploited.

Lykhmanivka (Inhulets) iron ore district takes the southernmost position in the Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin. In the north, it is bordered by a series of sublatitudinal faults with the Southern Iron Ore District of Kryvbas. The productive strata of the area are Lykhmanivka iron ore pay streak, in the southern part of which the Inhulets deposit of magnetite quartzites is located in the zone of closing of Lykhmanivka syncline. However, in addition to them in the area, there are more than 20 types of other minerals, which are mined by-products and can be successfully used in the national economy. Syngenetic (sedimentation, diagenesis, dynamothermal metamorphism) and epigenetic processes (tectogenesis, metasomatism, hydrothermal processes, hypergenesis), which occurred during the formation of iron ore and host strata area have contributed to the formation of several minerals and rocks, which can be considered as associated complex useful minerals. The relevance of the work is due to the need for detailed research of the localization, formation conditions, directions of use of metallic and nonmetallic minerals of the area, the geological justification for their priority varieties. As a result of these studies, systematization of minerals of the area has been developed, their priority varieties have been identified. Their involvement in mining and processing significantly expands the spectrum of alternative ways of use of minerals and rocks of iron-banded formation, which will contribute to a significant addition to the mineral resource base as in Kryvyi Rih iron ore basin, and in Ukraine as a whole.

The seismic station of the Subbot Institute of Geophysics of the NAS of Ukraine (IGP), in Kriviy Rih (Ukraine) ten earthquakes were registered from 2007 to 2013. Such activity is not typical for this region. One of the reasons is mining of mineral resources in this area, leading to irreversible changes in the stress-strain state of the massif, which activate dangerous natural and man-made processes (landslides, flooding, earthquakes, mountain strikes, etc.) The collapse of the mountain massif and the exit of the funnels occurs when the limit value of the loading in the massif is reached. Limit value warning of the stress-strain state of the massif is a condition for the danger of the zone. The task of control is to prevent the stress-strain state of the massif. Any unloading of the massif is accompanied by the formation of a crack, which is characterized by a burst of amplitude and a certain frequency of oscillations. For the geographic information system of mines, it is important to highlight significant phenomena by types of energy, affiliation to the mining allotment of the mine (distance to the hypocenter) and the nature of the primary source - technical or natural. The goal of research is to define a significant phenomena for identifying the stress-strain state of the massif using the microseismic monitoring. To increase noise immunity, it is advisable to use both physical filtration methods and software selection of significant phenomena against the background of man-made noise. To form conclusions, it is necessary to form a sample, so for reliable identification of the stress - strain state of the massif it is necessary to perform statistical processing of the measurement results. The usage of microseismic control at mining enterprises will reduce the possibility of mining shocks, landslides, which will reduce material damage. This will increase the safety of mining operations and ability to prevent man-made earthquakes of magnitude more than five.

Deterioration of mining conditions at mining deposits by open pit methods (increased mining depths, reduced ore deposit thickness) leads to an increase in mining costs. In Ukraine, to reduce open pit mining costs, overburden is disposed in temporary internal dumps located directly in the open pit over the ore reserves. Reactivation of pit areas with the temporary internal overburden dump located on them results in a surge of mining operations and deterioration of technical and economic indicators. Increased energy consumption, a decrease in working site parameters, an increase in angles of open pit slopes and stripping lags lead to unprofitability of open pit mining. One of the solutions to the mentioned scientific and engineering problem involves combined mining of deposits by integrated open pit and underground mining operations. The combined open pit-underground mining method enables reducing mining costs and enhancing technical and economic indicators. The suggested schemes for opening reserves located under the internal overburden dump enhance technical and economic indicators of deposit mining through making the internal dump a permanent one. This allows further disposal of overburden into internal dumps. Implementation of scientific recommendations and technological solutions resulted from the research performed (exemplified by the deposit Hannivske, Ukraine) reduces the cost of ore by 1.33 USD/t. At the same time, the total cost of building an underground mine makes 16.4 M USD, which is 30% less than when applying traditional opening vertical shaft schemes.

Exploiting the face under the finished open-pit area always has potential risks of unsafety. It can be the risk of water flowing into the face or the occurrence of water cracking and mud, which is a very dangerous phenomenon in mining. The larger the dimension of the influence area of exploiting the face is, the greater the risk of water problems entering the face is. Through the assessment and analysis of the coal exploitation at the synchronized mechanized face of Seam 11 located under the open pits that have finished exploitation at the Ha Lam coal mine, the article has determined the movement and deformation areas of strata in the surrounding area to assess the influence of water in the open pit into the face. In order to avoid the risk of water cracking, the impact of these risks on the workers' safety and the exploiting process, the determination of the movement and deformation areas of surrounding rocks when exploiting the longwall face of the coal Seam 11 is very necessary for the Ha Lam coal mine. By collecting and analyzing geological conditions of the rocks around the face, combined with numerical modelling methods, the author has determined the dimension of the collapse and cracking areas when exploiting the face. The results of the research from this article have helped the Ha Lam coal mine take the initiative to choose and organize a rational mining solution. On that basis, it is possible to prevent the influence of water in an open-pit mine to ensure safety during exploiting the face of coal Seam 11.

The phenomenon of rock bending occurs during underground exploitation, construction of underground excavations and tunnels, and even rising heading – shafts. It is also common in building engineering, e.g., in the case of floors. Rocks and concretes as granular materials on the aggregate scale are fractured as a result of exceeding shear and tensile strength. In a complex state of stress – bending, crack propagation occurs from tensioned to compressed fibres. Three-point bending tests of medium-grained quasi homogeneous and isotropic sandstone were tested for strength and deformation properties of rocks. The E deformability modules for compressed and tensioned fibres as well as strains at failure were determined. The results of three-point bending were compared with the results of uniaxial compression and direct tension. Clear differences were found in the values of strengths, moduli of deformation and strains at failure. The bending strength B of about 9.5MPa is almost 3 times greater than the direct tensile strength σ_T of about 3.2MPa and is 1/10 of the ultimate uniaxial compression strength σ_C. With three-point bending, the values of the moduli E are equal to: for tensioned fibres about 6.7GPa, for compressed fibres 14.6GPa; in uniaxial compression tests about 13.0GPa and in direct tensile tests 4.8GPa. Rock material was also failure at various strains values at the ultimate strength. In the case of three-point bending tests, the strains at failure were equal to: for tensioned fibres about 0.125%, and for compressed fibres 0.065%; in uniaxial compression tests ε_z were equal to about 0.63% and in direct tension tests 0.07%.

Longwall mining is the most productive system for underground extraction of coal. Many coal mines use a pillarless mining. Reserving a gateroad for the usage of next panel mining is a popular gob-side entry retaining. Thus, the conventional entry retaining method requires an installation of filling walls. The mechanical properties of filling materials largely determine the quality of job-side entry retaining. Stress field evolution study around head entries when main roof console length increase with two variants of filling wall. Ansys code was used to analyze the stress evolution law under different mining conditions. As a result of numerical simulation, it was found that in the case of gob-side entry retaining, the localization of maximum stresses in surrounding rock is determined by the length console of the main roof, which hanging on the border with the gob, and the filling walls deformation module. Potential location of roof cutting, stress gradient and extremum stress in the main roof define the stability of entries. Main roof console length and filling material parameters control can help to the formation of a stable structure around the entry to meet the requirements of the next working face.

Introduction. A yield frame support is a basic means of providing the underground roadways' stability in the deep mines operating in the hard ground control condition when the ratio of the ground pressure to the unconfined strength of surrounding rock mass exceeds 0.33. The operators adjust the nominal bearing capacity of the frames at 0.55 of their maximum or peak resistance F_max because the frames operate in a dry friction mode spontaneously generating oscillation, which causes variation of the resistance in the range from 0.1 up to 0.9 of F_max. Aim/tasks. We intended to reduce the dynamic oscillation of the support resistance that allows for increasing their bearing capacity. Methodology. We used a computer simulation by FLA3D model, indoor testing of the frames, and actual measurements in an underground coal mine. Results. We revealed a specific behavior of the frame support that reduced the limit of the bearing capacity by 45%. During yielding, the frames generate dissipative structures (DS) that become apparent due to the dynamic nature of stick-slip friction following the yielding process. We demonstrated that DS control and especially its suppression provides a sustainable increase in the frame bearing capacity. Conclusions. Improvement of the yield frames design and especially their clamps are the prospective way to control DS and provide sustainable enhancement of the frame bearing capacity.

Nuclear energy in Ukraine is provided by the operation of four operating nuclear power plants (15 reactors). For the next decades it is planned only to increase the capacity of this according to the "Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2035" industry. Nuclear power plants are objects of increased danger. So, conditions should be provided to maintain environmental balance in Ukraine, innovative developments for radioactive waste management should be implemented, methods of wastewater treatment must be developed/improved, prevention and elimination of natural and emergency emergencies should be provided. It is important to create variety of scientific, technical and innovative developments to solve these problems. Their development is carried out by institutions and organizations, including the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The study analyzes and summarizes activities of the State Institution "The Institute of Environmental Geochemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine" on innovative developments to improve nuclear, radiation and technogenic environmental safety. The developments of the Institute are defined, described and systematized. The performed research was aimed to solve problems of sustainable development of nuclear energy, environmental problems of nuclear fuel cycle, handling of radioactive materials at all stages of their life cycle.

Aiming to develop new magnetic materials for neutron shielding applications, B- and Gd-containing magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized. Following bottom-up synthetic approach, core-shell Fe₃O₄/Gd₂O₃ nanocomposite particles were synthesized at the first stage. In the next stage, magnetic core-shell particles were modified with amino groups followed by grafting onto their surface of the boronic acid derivative. Such a multifunctional material, containing both boron (B) and gadolinium (Gd) atoms is a promising candidate for developing films and membranes, strongly interacting with neutrons. Due to the presence of boronic acids and bound to the indicator (Alizarin Red S), the material can induce color changes while immersed in sugar-containing solutions. Such a feature enables a possibility to estimate the number of boron atoms left after interaction with neutrons, thus allowing to check composite neutron-capture recourse.

The use of radioactive materials is widespread in scientific investigations and various sectors of the economy. There are also extremely radiation-hazardous objects, for instance the well-known Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (Chornobyl, Ukraine) covering the large contaminated areas and the Shelter Object containing the materials of huge radioactivity of about 20 MCi. To safe handling with such objects and materials, the correct their monitoring, detection and characteristics evaluation are vital. The modern development of small flying machines, measurement equipment, and information technologies allow one to increase the amount of measurement data and their accuracy, and to reduce the processing time. On the other hand, the requirements to accuracy, quickness, and correctness of data interpretation increase as well. To solve these problems effectively, the mathematical tools of data processing should be improved. The main mathematical problem at the remote evaluation of radioactive fields relates to the solving the inverse problem for the Fredholm integral of the first kind. In this research, we consider the reconstruction of surface density of gamma radiation on the ground using the data of aerial shooting. We survey the methods for solving the inverse problem, their advantages and disadvantages. The adaptation of the methods to the reconstruction of nonstationary discontinuous radioactive fields is presented. We modify the numerical algorithms using the opportunities of modern calculating software. In particular, it is considered the task when the algorithm reconstructs the density distribution very well.

Currently, the state system for monitoring atmospheric air pollution in Ukraine is obsolete both in terms of technical and methodological support. In Ukraine, air pollution measurement standards have not been updated for more than 30 years, which led to gradual degradation of the monitoring system. Although relatively new technical means for measuring the concentration of various pollutants are partially used in certain industrial cities, the data they generate do not allow to make a full conclusion about the level of local pollution, the full range of pollutants, the localization of pollution sources, etc. This led to the need to create modern measuring modules of the air pollution monitoring system capable to generate large data sets and solving a number of modern methodological problems of the monitoring system. The hardware complex of the measuring module of the atmospheric air monitoring system based on low-cost sensors has been implemented. It is designed to receive, process, accumulate data, transmit and visualize the necessary information of the air pollution monitoring system. Connection diagrams of various hardware elements of the measuring module of the air pollution monitoring system (STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller, HC-12 module, SIM800C module) are shown. Printed circuit board in Altium Designer CAD, the drawings and the layout of the printed circuit board also are shown. The proposed technical prototype of the measuring modules of the monitoring system can become an addition to an existing monitoring system, or, in the case of creating a large-scale network of such tools, completely replace it.

Decommissioned oil and gas wells that pose a danger to the environment due to emissions of methane, which is a powerful greenhouse gas and one of the man-made factors that weaken the stability of the planet in the context of global climate change. The prospects of using resistant plants common in natural phytocenoses to the influence of oil contaminants in phytoremediation practice are analyzed. The bioindication suitability of oil-sensitive plant species, which are recommended for use in monitoring studies of the quality of technogenic-transformed environment, is revealed. The choice of equipment for the restoration of abandoned wells has been made.

One of the important directions for achieving the goals of sustainable development and decarbonization is to increase the share of biofuels, including in heat supply systems. In this case, an important factor in deciding on the use of biofuel boilers is the cost of fuel, which is affected by the delivery logistics. The authors determined the impact of logistics for different types of fuel for low-power boilers (0.5 and 1 MW, burning biofuels) on LCOH. The calculations take into account the existing rates of environmental tax. The paper considers the transportation of biofuels by road to small consumers over short distances (within a radius of several hundred kilometers). The study showed that the cost of delivery of pellets from producer to consumer can be up to 20% of their cost. It is established that the transportation of a ton of pellets per 1 km increases the cost of this ton by about 1.35 UAH, therefore, the logistical component in the final cost of pellets can be significant.

Currently, Ukraine is among the countries with the largest absolute volume of waste generation and accumulation. Situation with landfills in Ukraine is uncontrolled. This is evidenced by unspecified landfills. The situation is constantly worsening due to harmful chemical emissions of landfills. The paper describes how pollution by landfills affects environmental components. Foreign experience, domestic waste management and methods of waste disposal were analyzed. The publication contains statistical data about dumps, landfills of household waste in Ukraine and describes normative-legal acts regulating issue of waste management. This paper outlines several recommendations for decreasing of environmental pollution from landfills on the territory of Ukraine. Following measures should be taken to solve the problem: sorting municipal solid waste; recycling; control and landfills registration; landfill placement; construction of waste-recycling and waste-burning plants; increasing awareness through environmental education on responsible attitude to waste.

The article considers the problem of human factor in complex polyergatic systems with a flow of applications for functions (problem solving) arising at random moments of time. The structure of a decision support system for the operator-manager, including subsystems of monitoring, forecasting and decision-making, is justified. The system of criteria relevant to solving the tasks of functions distribution was substantiated and its multi-criteria nature was shown. The technology of multi-criteria evaluation and choice of alternatives based on the methodology of hierarchical system analysis of problems and the method of analysis of hierarchies Thomas Saaty has been proposed. The decision-making system, which has been tested in the operation of control systems of various complex technical and production objects, has been implemented. The proposed method differs from the known approaches in that this method is aimed at prompt decision-making, as well as in that it uses a multi-criteria approach and both pragmatic and ergonomic criteria are used as criteria.

Textile and clothing industries generate a lot of waste at both production stages and in the process of wearing garments. Every inhabitant of developed countries annually wastes up to 30 kg of used but still suitable clothes, which decompose very slowly in natural conditions. The broadest possible implementation of textile waste processing technologies, such as downcycling and upcycling, is the key to ensuring the successful operation of the textile and clothing industries under conditions of sustainable development. The paper goal is to determine factors controlling students' upcycling behaviour to strengthen the educational components and meet sustainable development challenges for the garment industry. Based on interpersonal and planned behaviour models, 93 students of 1-6 years majoring in clothing technology, design and sectoral professional education were surveyed to understand their upcycling behaviour. The surveyed students are divided into similar-sized groups of optimists (practice upcycling more than once every three months) and pessimists (less than once a year). Upcycling behaviour was shown to correlate with intentions, which are, in turn, affected by social factors, attitude, and perceived behaviour control. Perceived habits and facilitating conditions have a relatively small impact. There is almost no difference between students of different years of study and specialities. Students' understanding of the benefits of upcycling is shallow and does not change with training years. Amid a highly-positive attitude towards upcycling, a low level of knowledge of the benefits and lack of progress with years indicate existing problems in developing upcycling behaviour in the learning process.

The solution to a number of global problems nowadays depends on the nature of human interaction with the world's oceans. The constant growth in shipping operations requires ensuring the environmental safety of the planet and belongs to strategic targets of the environmental policy of IMO Convention (International Maritime Organization) in the context of sustainable development of the maritime industry. The aim of the study is the necessity to form ecological consciousness of future seafarers by means of educational VR technologies. The issue of the effective use of cloud computing and VR technologies is considered throughout the research. The definitions of simulation and distance educational technologies, their role in the formation of environmental competence of seafarers are revealed on the example of applying the "Safe Tank Cleaning Operation" course with the use of projected virtual reality simulator. According to the experiment's results the quality of environmental competence formation in experimental group is 88% and in control group - 82%. The research reflects modern approaches and describes a methodology for acquiring practical skills by means of VR simulation technologies. The authors have shown the effectiveness of practical skills mastering by using VR simulators in the process of forming the environmental competence of seafarers.

The article is devoted to proposing a method of regulation of biogas installations dissemination using Shelford's law. It is based on the hypothesis that there is some optimal amount, and on both sides around it, the sustainability of the process will decrease because of biogas production that can affect ecosystems both positively and negatively. It declared that in different countries Shelford's law graph could be different due to differences in both natural and social conditions. It shows that nowadays some unsustainable experience is taking place (In the case of Germany, it is using useful recourses which have to be grown and in the case of Ukraine, these are low-efficiency technologies which can be harmful to the environment). It proposes approaches to provide more sustainable biogas production using modern technologies and strategic planning.

To strengthen the sides of tailing dams and stockpiles, it growing forests from trees, shrubs and plant grass. Due to the difficult topography of the terrain, greening technologies require new ideas and material support. The objective of the research is to develop a technology for sowing large areas of plants with seeds from the air. In order to sow large areas with plants, it proposed to scatter seeds (grains) from a height onto hard-to-reach slopes, attached to a parachute system of a special design. Thousands of swarms of miniature capsules with seeds lifted by the drone and released by it at a given height will be scattered by the wind over large cultivated areas. The capsule filled with grain, fertilizer, humus and a compartment with water (gel). The parachute system is a three-dimensional paper platform that allows the capsule attached to it to fall smoothly and slowly. The hooked plumage of the platform provides its reliable grip on the ground. The platform is also soaked with seed nutrients before launch. Analytical, computational and experimental studies have confirmed the highly efficient aerodynamic properties of the developed parachute systems. 3D flying platforms demonstrated controlled rotation kinematics (18 rad/s) and low final speeds of 1.6-1.9 m/s.

The aim of the investigation is to form an optimal separation characteristic of beneficiation processes on the basis on operational information on time-varying of their parameters exemplified by the process of thickening ore raw materials. Methods of research. In the research work, the following methods are used: analysis of scientific research and practical experience; statistics methods and the probability theory for estimation of experiment results; methods of analytical synthesis and numerical simulation; methods of model predictive control for developing control algorithms of the thickening process; numerical simulation methods for synthesizing and analyzing a mathematical model. The scientific novelty of the investigation is in finding optimal values of the control horizon and the prediction horizon in terms of quality control for a single-channel system of model predictive control of ore raw material thickening. Practical significance involves development of methods and software for determining the control horizon and the prediction horizon values of the single-channel system of model predictive control of the process of ore raw material thickening that are optimal from the point of view of quality control, this enabling optimization of separation characteristics of ore raw material thickening. Results To form a separation characteristic of the process of ore raw material thickening based on model predictive control for the single-channel control system of the thickening process, satisfactory control results are achieved by setting the control horizon equal to one interval. For this value, the quadratic control error does not exceed 0.1452-0.1474. A further increase in the prediction horizon is not feasible since it does not allow significant reduction of the quadratic control error. At the same time, the value of 3-5 intervals is sufficient for prediction horizons. These values are determined by an increase in computational complexity of prediction by 10-20 intervals, which causes a slight decrease in the quadratic control error.

This paper studies a new composite materials based on carbon fiber-reinforced plastic, which is planned to be used for supporting the preparatory workings when mining the coal at depths of more than 1000 meters. The composite material made of carbon fiber-reinforced plastic has sufficient lt high physical-mechanical properties, which are even higher than that of low-alloy steel used as the main material for supporting in coal mines. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the model of support (arched three-link) and determine its rational parameters. The calculation of the stress-strain state around mine working, using the support made of composite materials, has been perfomed based on the method of finished elements in the Solid Works software product. In addition, a model of the support for coal mines has been developed on a 3D-printer. This made it possible to conduct additional research on the interaction of the support with the rock mass. Using the Solid Works software, a detailed modeling of the composite supporting system has become possible. The stress-strain state of the rock mass has revealed that support can be used to improve the strength characteristics and prevent uneven pressure distribution around mine workings. A support made of composite materials contributes to the introduction of resource-saving technologies in the mining industry.

The article presents basic information about the method of hydromechanical extraction of amber from amber-containing rocks, water-sludge scheme and classification scheme. The constructive scheme of the vibroclassifier is also presented, which is based on the principle of using the influence – vibration and bubbling of the suspension by air bubbles. Studies of the separation process and distribution of fractions in multidisperse liquid on a vibroclassifier of complex action were performed. The obtained theoretical and graphical dependences allowed to establish changes in the parameters of the velocity of sand and amber particles in the bath of the vibroclassifier on the size of fractions and density of the suspension, focusing on the size of amber up to 5mm. At the same time, the problem of determining the dependence of the transition coefficient from the rate of free to the rate of compressed deposition on the density of the suspension and the size of the fractions was solved. Dependencies have been established that have a theoretical justification for the physical process and that describe the experimental data on the Rayleigh curve.

The quality reconstruction of the mine industrial facilities is the maximum possible elimination of the identified defects. Assess the suitability of the object for further operation or reconstruction based on the inspection results of a building or structure as actual values of the controlled parameters. Provide the science-based methodology for diagnosing the technical state, assessing the reliability and physical wear for mining buildings and structures by using the probabilistic and statistical methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of surveys, collection, processing and generalization of information on states (diagnoses) and characteristic defects (diagnostic features), based on the probabilistic-statistical apparatus of technical diagnostics and elements of information theory. An assessment of state and reliability, physical wear of structures of all levels. The Kulbak-Leibler distance as a key indicator in the method of estimating the "survivability of the element" provides for the probability distribution of the tensile strength. Developed methods of using technical diagnostics based on probabilistic statistical methods – the Bayes method, statistical solutions - including the concepts of theory information. When performing a probabilistic analysis of the technical condition of all elements, the numerical solution showed the effectiveness of the proposed diagnostic methodology. The innovative method is to analyze and assess the reliability of mine facilities using a mathematical modeling to determine the probabilistic characteristics of defects in structural elements. The analysis method in the survey allows for determining the technical state of the object, the set of further measures, effective planning the operating and restoring costs.

Ensuring the correct development of the deposit is a priority production task, which is based on a scientifically grounded assessment of the geometrical characteristics of the mineral deposit and a clear understanding of the nature and quantity of the deposit's re-serves. Aim of the study is a geological and industrial assessment of a mineral deposit, which provides for the correct determination of the quantity and quality of explored reserves, requires the collection and processing of such material, which would be sufficient to draw up a technically correct and economically feasible project for the development of the deposit. The research methodology consists in mining and geometrical modeling and monitoring of subsoil based on progressive and classical methods and techniques for geometrization of the array of minerals and host rocks. This includes a set of measures aimed at collecting and evaluating the initial information, assessing its accuracy, mathematical processing and determining the optimal and most effective methods for solving the problem of geometrization of the field. The results allow us to practically solve the problems of mining operations related to the assessment of reserves of mineral deposits, their genesis, the nature of occurrence, quality, the possibility of sorting, forecasting and industrial development. An effective set of methods has been developed based on the statistical assessment of mineral deposits, as well as the use of the latest geoinformation systems, which provide the possibility of high-quality and accurate calculation and assessment of mineral deposits.

The article aims to substantiate the tendency to solve the problem of the mineral and raw material base of non-ferrous metals due to the involvement of technogenic origin in substandard metal-containing raw materials. Critical analysis and systematization of new information on the current state of the mineral and raw materials base of non-ferrous metals and the environmental problems of mining associated with it. New data on the recovery and loss of metals in the process of ore dressing are presented. It is shown that the total value of metals in waste is comparable to the value of potential mineral resources in the bowels. The problems of the use of mining waste should be solved in a single package with environmental problems by creating a single technological cycle for the extraction and processing of industrial minerals of industrial waste, the use of which can make the development of industrial deposits economically viable. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of using best practices for non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises that are searching for ways to survive in the conditions of the establishment of market relations.

Specialists of Dnipro University of Technology are among the leading researchers involved in studying the specifics of implementation and functioning of rational and energy-efficient schemes of organization of circulation processes while well drilling and operating. In particular, we have carried out thorough and comprehensive studies of physicochemical phenomena used while creating, preparing, and using the washing fluids. The purpose of the paper is to study and generalize the approaches to designing the parameters of hydraulic well washing programme under complicated geological and technical conditions, analysis of the factors of its correction basing on substantiation of analytical and research regularities of well circulation processes, and optimization of a component and quantitative composition of drill cleaning agents, which are aimed at the most efficient intensification of the bottomhole breaking processes. The development and implementation of a progressive complex hydraulic washing programme for wells under construction are analyzed involving modern methods of analytical analysis and experimental studies. The drilling circulation processes in a well were modelled in terms of experimental wells involving a drill rig UKB-4P and corresponding auxiliary tools and equipment.

Recently, there has been a significant reduction in the number of favorable areas for construction of buildings and structures, which leads to the need to build various facilities in special conditions, so in areas with difficult engineering-geological and mining-geological conditions of construction, which are deteriorating due to natural and man-made factors. It is necessary to assess the possibility of deformation of structures located on foundations with possible uneven deformation in the practice of design and operation. Only with reliable and accurate determination of the stress-strain state of foundation structures and soil mass the service life of buildings and structures can be predicted. Calculations performed with the help of PLAXIS and LIRA programs allowed to analyze the stress-strain state of the soil mass and the stability of the foundations with the same soil base (layer thickness and physical and mechanical properties), loads and boundary conditions: Option I – ordinary solid monolithic reinforced concrete foundation slab; Option II – proposed a solid monolithic reinforced concrete slab with a system of cross beams of different stiffness (patent № 13794). The validity of the theoretical forecast of the behavior of the foundation structure, which interacts with the unevenly deformed base, can not be obtained on the basis of the regulatory framework. The possibility of using a foundation with a system of cross beams of different stiffness in order to increase the reliable operation of high-rise buildings was experimentally and theoretically proved.

The article deals with the analysis of building stone resources of Dnipropetrovsk region that are used and can be used in order to provide construction needs. Dnipropetrovsk region is one of the most economically developed Ukrainian regions due to mineral and raw material resources being located on its territory. A part of regional mineral raw extraction comes up to almost 50% of mineral deposit balance reserves and the provision exceeds three times the national rate. Crystalline Pre-Cambrian rocks of East European platform fundament as gneiss, granites, quartzites, migmatites, granodiorites, amphibolites and sedimentary apron rocks – malmrocks – are natural construction material in the region. 42 building stone deposits are located on the territory of the region among them 19 deposits are developed also refer to big and middle and 24 are not developed. The biggest amount of developed deposits is located in the Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske and Nikopol districts. Building stone extraction is equal to approximately 14% from national quantity. Deposit exploitation is performed by commercial structures and state corporation enterprises. The conclusions are made about the ways of expanding capacities of building stone extraction due to complex iron ore deposit development and the opportunity of building stone reserve increase in the region.

In the process of developing deposits of magnetite quartzites, hematite quartzites are simultaneously involved in mining. But the processing of hematite quartzites is associated with significant difficulties, so they accumulate in warehouses, landfills and spread uncontrollably in the environment. A detailed study of the features of the composition, structure and technological properties of hematite ores made it possible to develop a new method for complex processing in a vortex air-mineral flow. Under laboratory conditions, a number of commercial products were produced from them: iron ore concentrate, sinter ore, clinker ore, mineral paint and quartz sand, without waste accumulation. The formation of magnetic floccules is reduced in the air stream. Therefore, this technology also improves the processing of magnetite ores.

Modern alluvium is a complex multicomponent system that includes both natural and man-made material. In the process of research on the pollution of river sediments with industrial waste, the authors established the presence of commercial products of mining and processing enterprises in the sediments. It includes crushed granite, metallurgical slags, ores and concentrates, coal and other products. Significant volumes of inputs of these materials into the ecosystem motivate the development of special technologies aimed at additional production of mineral products through the complex processing of modern river alluvium. In addition to economic benefits, the implementation of these projects will improve the state of the environment in regions with significant technogenic load.

The article is devoted to the study of Kryvbas – a unique landfill for understanding the structure of landscapes. In the history of studying the nature and landscapes of Kryvbas, the authors have identified two main stages: initial knowledge (ancient times – the first half of the XIX century) the second half of the XIX – beginning of the XXI century), which gave the opportunity for 130 years to form one of the largest not only in Ukraine but also in the world landscape and technical system. The formation of this original landscape-technical system is due to three factors: a) detailed studies of the nature and landscapes of Kryvyi Rih region, b) the richness and diversity of natural resources of the region, c) intensive development. The authors paid special attention to the functional-genetic classification of anthropogenic landscapes of Kryvbas, their characteristics and mapping. The authors note that among the industrial ones, special attention should be paid to mining and industrial landscapes, in particular dumps, which are the most suitable landscape complexes not only for reclamation works, but also for cultivating the entire landscape and technical system of Kryvbas.

One of the tasks in modern approach of the water resources management is improving environment health by the way of the river restoration. On the urban area it is impossible to provide full river restoration, but at the same time it is possible to create the environment close to natural. In our work on the example of the river Uzh located inside the city provides the assessment of the restoring possibility of the part of the floodplain by water replenishment of the old riverbed during the vegetation season. Flood control dyke construction interrupted the connection between old riverbed and river and as a result floodplain lake became muddy, silted up and lost its attractive form. To assess the possibility of the floodplain lake replenishment, the simulation of some scenarios were carried out: natural condition, water replenishment during flood, pumping water, raising water level in the river Uzh near the lake. The connection of the lake and the old riverbed with the river will improve slightly the storage capacity of the lake and allows to provide the depth of up to 1.0 m in the lake during flood, but the water will be absent in the old riverbed during the dry season. Hydraulic calculation showed that replenishment during spring floods and pumping water were not possible due to high hydraulic conductivity of the gravel and pebble soils. The old riverbed replenishment is possible by raising water level in the river Uzh, which will ensure the free water flow into the lake and into the old riverbed during the dry season.

To ensure efficient agricultural production in the humid regions of Ukraine, drainage of wetlands is one of the first places. The area of drained lands is make up to 9.7% of the total arable lands in Ukraine. In 1990, 1,976.500 hectares were used in active agricultural production, and the share of arable land on drained lands was 70.7%. Of the more than 1130 drainage systems with an area of more than 2.2 million hectares only 37% were built between 1980 and 1990, i.e. younger than 35 years. The remaining 63% of systems have been built and operated for more than 35 years. Since the 1990s, the construction of new and modernization of existing drainage systems in Ukraine has been almost non-existent. Maintenance of the systems was significantly reduced, which led to a significant deterioration in their technical condition, a change in the water regime of soils and the development of degradation processes. Traditionally, in Ukraine, a significant (1.4 million hectares) area is drained with ceramic drainage. We show the experience of reconstruction of the drainage system, which is located in the Pre-Carpathian Upland region of the Ukrainian Carpathians, the Middle Carpathian terrace plain, where a Drainage of Clay Pipes was built more than 35 years ago. The results of the analysis of the reasons of unsatisfactory drainage operation, identification of the most critical zones with the use of field research and earth remote sensing data are presented. To eliminate local wetlands, plastic drainage with a diameter of 50 mm is proposed. To increase the efficiency of its work on heavy clay soils with a filtration coefficient less than 0.01, the backfilling of the trench with local material – gravel with a fraction of 5 ... 25 mm with geotextile protection. During the construction of the new drainage, ceramic drains of the previously constructed drainage were found. They were cleaned mechanically and connected through a filter backfill to the newly built drains.

An algorithm for processing the results of monitoring the dynamics of ornithocomplexes on the territory of wind farms using statistical methods is proposed. The solution of the most frequently encountered problems in the analysis of bird migration in the wind farm zone is considered: 1) An algorithm for the primary statistical processing of information on the number of birds of various species, flight altitude and the time of their stay in the zone of interaction with turbines during monitoring has been developed in two ways: a method of route census and observations in accordance with the recommendations of the Scottish Natural Heritage Foundation. 2) The features of the application of correlation and regression analysis have been considered, which allow determining the dependence of the number of birds on a number of factors using the Student, Pearson and Fisher criteria in the presence of strong noise interference. 3) An algorithm of statistical analysis is proposed using a trend approach based on the Student, Irwin, Durbin - Watson, Pearson and Fisher criteria. The considered statistical methods were tested on the results of migratory bird census on the territory of the Prymorsk-1 wind farm located on the coast of the Sea of Azov, which were obtained by a group of researchers led by V Siokhin and P Gorlov.

Forest cover is an important component of the landscape and is responsible for the conservation of other components. Forests of the Podolian Upland are distinguished by a high natural resource potential and a significant risk of manifestation of unfavorable natural processes. The aim of our research is to study the forest cover of Podilski Tovtry and analyze the dynamics of its changes for the period from 1880 to the present. Forestry nature management in Tovtry is second only to agriculture in terms of the area of occupied land. Forests of the reef zone and adjacent territories within the Ternopil oblast are part of the Ternopil forestry enterprise and the Medobory Nature Reserve. Within the study area, forests of a relatively large area are confined to the summit surface and slopes of the main ridge. Our research has established that in the period from 1880 to 1930, there was a significant decrease in forest cover practically throughout the entire study area, which is associated with both the need for firewood and agrarian overpopulation and the desire to expand the arable land. A direct relationship was found between the decrease in forest cover and the approach to villages and hamlets. After the Second World War and until the present, there have been no significant changes in forest cover. In some areas, even an increase in forested areas was found. Active forest expansion was observed at the beginning of the two thousandth years amid a decline in agricultural production.

The concept of sustainable development considers environmental, social and economic issues in general. And the goals of resource conservation and socio-economic development do not contradict each other, but contribute to mutual reinforcement. The purpose of this study is to build and test an economic and mathematical model for the formation of strategies for the behavior of an economic entity with an increase in the impact of negative environmental factors. The proposed strategies and their models are based on the income-expenditure balance equation, which takes into account both quantitative and qualitative characteristics. The constructed models are considered in the state space. The research methodology is based on building models in the form of linear combinations of functions of a homogeneous external impact and various spatial combinations of economic sources (sinks). The study makes it possible to assess the dependence of the amount of resources used for life support on the chosen adaptive strategy. Within the framework of the proposed model, it was found that the criterion for the effectiveness of the applied strategy can be an indicator of satisfaction with the state, the preservation of which, simultaneously with the preservation of the size of resources used, corresponds to the direction of optimization. This approach is consistent with the concept of sustainable development.

The chemical and energy industries are one of the most powerful generators of solid industrial waste. Such enterprises have water treatment plants. The result of the water treatment process is the formation of a water treatment sludge. The sludge composition includes carbonates and hydroxides of calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, and coagulated natural organic materials. A significant amount of waste in the form of fly ash and fuel slag is generated in the process of burning coal at power plants. Such wastes are usually classified as "low-risk". Nevertheless, when wastes are stored in the storage, they create environmental and economic problems. Large areas of land are alienated for storage. Dust emissions and filtration losses are observed in the process of waste storage. The wastes impact of the Luhansk region enterprises on the environment has been studied. Waste storage facilities are located on the left bank of the Seversky Donets River in the zone of Dnieper-Donetsk structure articulation and the Voronezh anteclise. Features of the territory geological environment are explained by the presence of geological disturbances, loamy-sandy and carbonate rocks, manifestations of carbonate karst. The wastes degrade the quality of surface and ground waters used for water supply in the region.

The environment plays an important role in shaping the living conditions of local communities, and the state of the environment determines the opportunities for achieving the goals of sustainable development. The purpose of the article is to provide further development of the conceptual foundations of the mechanism of management of enterprise interaction with environment. The authors formed an approach to structuring the mechanism of management of enterprise interaction with environment, considering economic, environmental, and adaptive components. For practical approbation of individual components of the proposed mechanism in a part of the instrumental block the ways of decreasing the negative impact of the enterprise on level of pollution of the atmosphere as of a component of environment were considered. The constructed correlation and regression model for determining the impact of individual pollutant emissions on the overall state of air pollution formed a basis for identification of two most significant types of emissions (carbon monoxide emissions and emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds). Based on the analysis of ME "Zhytomyrvodokanal" data, whose activities are related to the waste generation and management and which, at the same time, provides environmental services, the measures were proposed to decrease the corresponding emissions from the enterprise activities.

The comparative analysis of laws and regulations on air quality, air protection, and its monitoring in the EU and Ukraine has been carried out to analyse the state of the European Union – Ukraine Association Agreement. The main features of the strategic documents "Europe 2020" and "Ukraine 2020" air pollution control are discussed. The analysis of air quality monitoring regulations, air quality control methods, and peculiarities of citizens' alerts in the EU and Ukrainian legislation is provided. It is proven that the methods approach to limiting pollutant values differs in Ukraine and the EU. EU uses limit value', 'target value', alert threshold', 'information threshold' and 'critical level' and Ukraine uses limiting values. The limit values/permissible concentrations of carbon dioxide, sulfur (IV) oxide (average daily value), and lead are stricter in Ukraine. However, the permissible concentrations of PM10, sulfur (IV) oxide (short-term value), Arsenic, Cadmium, and Nickel are much lighter in Ukraine than in the EU. The dioxin content in ambient air is not regulated in Ukrainian legislation. Also, citizens' monitoring systems and data provision differ and should be harmonised for the EU's standards. The current state of roadmap implementation is firstly presented. It is demonstrated the necessity to harmonise the Ukrainian law and regulations on air quality control and air protection with the EU law.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant threat for global health and has been recognized as a threat to the world's sustainable development affecting several sustainable development goals (SDG). Uncontrolled and unjustified use of antimicrobial drugs in both agriculture and medicine, leads to the emergence of new strains of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics that can be distributed through the environment and poses both direct and indirect threat to public and environmental health. The systematic literature reviews and cross-sectional study to assess the awareness and attitude to antimicrobial resistance among veterinary and medical students of Ukrainian universities demonstrates the relationship between the antibiotic resistance issue and its influence on environmental health as the important determinant of global health and the Sustainable Development Goals. Both medical and veterinary students acknowledged the antimicrobial resistance to a certain extent. However, differences among the responses of target groups demonstrate that medical students are better trained on antimicrobial prescriptions to humans and more familiar with the protocols of treatment of different diseases of humans. Findings can be used for the development of educational activities aiming to improve knowledge on antimicrobial use, particularly in the framework of One Health approach.

Among the concepts of sustainable nature management, forest conservation is considered as an important element. The state of forest ecosystem depends on the development trend of the mining and industrial area and the complex of social, ecological, and economic problems of Kryvyi Rih District. The object of this study was assessing the artificial woody plantations as a promising factor for ecological hybrid threat reduce in industrial areas on the example of the Kryvyi Rih Iron Ore Mining and Metallurgical District on standpoint of an ecosystem approach. During 2015-2020, we studied the natural forest ecosystems and the artificial forest plantations, which were located in contrast environmental conditions. Forests are located very unevenly in the Kryvyi Rih District. They are mainly concentrated in River gullies, woody stands of city parks, woody stands of health protection zones, woody stands of city protection forest and woody stands of river protection forest. The woody plantations located on the territories of Kryvyi Rih District are very different in terms of coverage area and don't reach the optimal level. This woody plantations level allows effect the climate, soil, and water resources. The woody plantations also mitigate the effects of erosion processes, as well as provide more clean air. The artificial woody plantations are an important element of environmental safety in Kryvyi Rih District. The main function of the artificial woody plantations is to maintain the soil in an optimal form for operation. It is also the protection of ground water and the stability of the meso- and microclimate in the region, moreover preserving the biodiversity of the territory's ecosystems. The artificial woody plantations perform an anti-stress function for residents. It was established that the quality of reforming the ecological approach to greening the city's territories, as well as preserving artificial woody plantations, was determined by the choice of such a management model and nature management policy. These models together should ensure the competitive ability and long-term development of the artificial woody plantations in Kryvyi Rih District. The maine industrial areas in the world should develop as an environmentally stable and safety metallurgical region in accordance with the principles of sustainable development in the world.

The article presents the estimation of efficiency of use of water-lifting equipment in technological processes of agricultural production. It is outlined the principle of operation water-lifting equipment in technological processes of agricultural production. It is based on increasing the required pressure for the water supply network by direct repeated use of gravitational forces in the form of weight of the liquid column from natural or artificial pressure. The efficiency of the technological process is assessed by the amount of consumption of water and the speed of flow movement. These parameters (optimization criteria) depend on four main independent factors: the head height; volume of transit tanks; pipe diameter; pipe length. The optimal constructive and technological parameters of water-lifting equipment in technological processes of agricultural production are considered.

The article is devoted to a topical issue - the development of a method of densification of the base of the underground interstation tunnel to prevent further intensive subsidence of tunnel structures. Based on computer-mathematical modeling, the work establishes experimental dependence between the angle of inclination of jet grouting piles and the amount of subsidence of the distribution plate on which the tunnel structures rest upon. Inspection of the technical condition and analysis of defects in a comprehensive comparison with subsidence graphs allowed us to identify the main typical deformations during subsidence of a shallow tunnel built from blocks of a solid-section frame, namely their characteristic features, geometric parameters and placement points.

To date, effective codes of Ukraine limit settlement of foundations of metallic silos to 15 cm. To provide normative settlement of foundation with diameter up to 40 m and more is not always possible without additional essential measures for strengthening or changing base soils. Taking into account high levels of loads, soils of bases in natural condition can not carry stress under the base of foundation and require strengthening. Execution of works on change of soils of bases or installation of soil cushions is not always possible taking into account underflooding of territory, building development that exist near at hand, or other complicating factors. Soil cement after Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) technology, Jet Grouting, injection and micropiles were considered for different types of strengthening taking into account application in great volumes. From analysis of the obtained results, it was determined that soil cement after Deep Soil Mixing technology is the most economically justified method. Application of Jet Grouting is justified during strengthening of soil thicknesses locally separated by depth. Injection and micropiles are used appropriately only in conditions of reconstruction under absence of direct access to the base.

Cement production is a significant source of carbon dioxide emissions. One of the ways to reduce emissions is to reduce the proportion of clinker in cement by introducing active mineral additives into its composition, particularly granulated blast-furnace slag. One of the ways to increase the activity of such cement is the effect of magnetic fields on the spin multiplicity of the substances involved in the hardening reaction. In this case, the maximum effect is ensured by introducing a magnetized finely dispersed ferromagnetic substance into the cement composition. The activation effect depends on the additive's adding method to the cement's composition, the components ratio in the cement, and the cement hardening mode. This work aims to identify the influence of the adding method of the additive, the slag and additive proportion in cement, and the steam curing temperature on the activity effect of the binder. Three groups of studies were carried out to determine the strength characteristics of laboratory samples hardened both in natural conditions and during steaming. In the first group, cement samples have tested containing 40% slag obtained by joint grinding and joint mixing of the additive with cement for 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 minutes. In the second group, samples have tested with the additive amount varied from 0 to 2.5%, and slag amount from 0 to 80%. Finally, cement samples were tested in the third group containing 50% slag and from 0 to 2.5% additive. The samples were steam cured at temperatures ranging from 50 to 90° C and tested one day, 28 and 90 days after steam curing. As a result of the research, it has revealed that to obtain the maximum effect, the additive must be introduced into the cement composition by joint grinding. The factors influencing the activity have been determined. At the same time, the time of joint grinding should ensure uniform mixing of the components and the formation of new surfaces of cement grains in the presence of magnetic fields. Too long joint grinding leads to the loss of the magnetic properties of the addition. It was found that the activation effect from the additive addition increases with an increase in the proportion of slag. In cement without slag, an increase in the additive content leads to a drop in strength. It was revealed that the introduction of magnetized ferromagnetic dust additives into the composition of the SPC makes it possible to reduce the steam curing temperature of products by 20-25° C. Studies have shown that using a finely dispersed ferromagnetic substance as an activating additive can save energy resources and reduce emissions.

In order to study processes occurring during manufacturing of thin steel sheet by cold rolling and change of energy-power parameters, simulation was performed using engineering software DEFORM 3D, which allows to reflect rolling technology accurately. Model of treatment process was created, output data, modes and temperature of treatment, motion parameters of rolls and sheets were set, material of workpiece was selected and its properties were determined. During simulation of sheets cold rolling process, Lagrange analysis was used, number of simulation steps was 100. Process of plastic deformation of metal along curved grid was investigated, vector displacement field was determined, and it was found that maximum movement of metal occurs under effect of top roll. Distribution of stress-strain state was investigated and maximum stress in strain zone was determined. Distribution of rolling forces and torque was investigated, which allowed to determine their maximum values. Maximum rolling forces and torque were observed at 7 – 9^th second of treatment, and in future they were reduced due to the fact that pushing force disappeared and steady process began.

The article considers the possibility of using natural, environmentally friendly, cheap raw materials as the basis of a complex inhibitor of hydration and corrosion. It is proposed to use bischofite solutions with mass fraction of 24% MgCl₂ as a carrier of a complex inhibitor. A set of laboratory studies was carried out in order to eliminate the main shortcomings of bischofite solution. Such disadvantages are that highly concentrated solutions of bischofite, untreated from sulfate ions and iron compounds, without a corrosion inhibitor cause corrosion of equipment and salt deposits. According to the results of laboratory studies, the composition of a complex inhibitor of hydroformation and corrosion based on bischofite was proposed. Based on the results of laboratory studies, suitable reagents were selected for preparing a bischofite solution for use in the processes of production and preparation of gas for transport, and the mechanisms of reagents action were proposed. The results of industrial tests show the effectiveness of a new complex inhibitor. The achieved properties of the complex inhibitor have led to the improvement of technical, economic and environmental performance of gas production enterprises of Ukraine.

Aviation emissions, domestic and international, account for approximately 2 % of total global CO₂ emissions. Fuel consumption for a given route, excluding other factors such as wind, depends largely on the weight of the aircraft. To minimise fuel consumption, it is often most economical to carry only the minimum weight required for the sector. Within the framework of a dissertation, possibilities to reduce the final reserve fuel and thus the amount of fuel required are being researched and evaluated. This paper shows part of the results, as reliability and accuracy of flight planning and actual operations are a necessary basis for a possible reduction. The level of safety in aviation must always be taken into account. To prove this, fuel values are recorded and statistically evaluated, based on real flight and fuel data provided. Analysis, systematization and generalization were used to conduct the study. As a statistical background, extensive fuel data of an airline from a period of about five years were examined. The focus of this paper is on the results for taxi and trip fuel. The result shows that the current requirements for flight planning and the subsequent execution of flights are very reliable and highly accurate today. The results of the study can be used as a basis for a performance-based approach to reduce the final reserve fuel while maintaining the necessary safety level. Reducing the final reserve has a significant impact on reducing overall fuel consumption and emissions. Further research and studies are needed to determine performance indicators.

Forecasting of the demand for energy resources is a very important scientific area when determining adequacy of energy resources in the country, compiling the country's energy balance, determining need for import of some energy resources for the country's economy for types of economic activity (TEA) and regions. The pace of development and proportions in the country's and the region's economy may affect their levels of energy consumption, and the latter determine the extent of energy industry's impact on the environment, i.e. these indicators are interdependent. The relevance of the work is related to creation of a mathematical model and tools for forecasting the demand for energy resources and determining the amount of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere as a result of fossil fuels combustion. The methods and tools for forecasting the demand for energy resources for various types of economic activity or regions take into account the following factors: impact of changes in the structure of the economy on fuel and energy consumption as well as on technological re-equipment of industries that together form the overall energy saving capacity and structures of electricity production sources and heat energy supply sources to ensure their production. The authors propose a three-level model for forecasting the demand for energy resources (electricity, heat, fuel in total and its types: coal, natural gas and other fuels). This model uses a double agreement of forecasts: between the third (types of economic activity in regions), the second (regions) levels, and the subsequent agreement with the top (country) level. The calculations performed using this model demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. This model was tested on retrospective data with an error of less than 5%. Calculations under this model show a forecast of savings of 8.7 million tons of coal by 2040 due to structural and technological changes (2.272 million tons and 6.428 million tons, respectively). Reduction of coal consumption will reduce emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere (thousand tons): nitrogen oxides – 19.671; sulfur oxides – 295.06; carbon monoxide – 393.414; solid dispersed particles – 104.255; carbon dioxide – 5271.75.

The paper examines the pumped hydroelectric energy storage potential of mine dewatering system for power generation in a distributed power system. Based on the water inflows that can be used to fill the drainage basins, the following options for pumped-storage hydroelectric power plants (PSHPP) are considered: when groundwater is discharged from only one mine, one hydraulic turbine is installed on the horizon below the surface; with additional discharge of groundwater from neighboring mines – installation of two or four hydraulic turbines at the drainage stages closest to the surface. Comparison was made with grid only system. It is based on net present value (NPV) and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) criteria. Variable parameters were hydraulic turbine water flow and mine power consumption. Also, for a certain combination of parameters, the optimal mine power system was determined. The area of use of the PSHS is estimated. It was found that the smallest economic effect is achieved when the power generation of one hydraulic turbine is close to the power consumption. The area of expedient use of the PSHPP within the limits of parameter variation is 17.2%, 19.6% (base and peak costs of power). This is because power generation drops when the water flow decreases. It does not cover the needs of the mine and there is a power shortage. Thus, the mine power system autonomy is very low. With an increase in water inflow and the number of hydraulic turbines, first up to two and then up to four units, the area of expedient use of PSHPP increases to 51.5%, 55.9% and 50.6%, 72.8%, respectively. However, with low energy consumption and a low water flow, it is still rational to receive electricity from the grid. This is due to a sharp drop in the efficiency of hydraulic turbines and high costs for maintenance and repair of PSHPP equipment, which are not comparable to the cost of purchasing power. So it was noted that with the base cost of electricity and an increase in the number of hydro turbines from two to four, the area of conditions under which the use of PSHPP is justified even decreased by 0.9%. At peak cost, the area increases by 16.9%. The mine power system autonomy is not achieved. In general, the efficiency of using PSHPP for mine dewatering systems is high, but the feasibility of their use should be studied for specific conditions of use.

Soil temperature is the most important factor that regulates the rate of physical, chemical and biological processes in the soil. A peculiarity of the urban environment is the occurrence of "heat islands". The increased temperature of urban environment significantly changes environmental conditions and contributes to the activation of phenomena that lead to the acceleration of global climate change. The aim of the work is to reveal the patterns of spatial variation of soil temperature in a city park at the different scale levels. Soil temperature was measured on a regular grid with different lags between measurement points. The measurement results were processed using geostatistical methods to quantify the spatial process at different scales. The results obtained allowed to quantify the patterns of spatial variability of temperature fields at different hierarchical levels. Scale-dependent effects of soil temperature variation were identified. The role of stand density, litter depth, and soil moisture on soil temperature variation was found. The results of the study are the basis for developing an optimal soil temperature measurement plan for environmental monitoring purposes. Suggestions were also made for the management of park stands in order to reduce the temperature load. The spatial variation in soil temperature demonstrates the occurrence of scale-dependent patterns. The spatial organization of temperature fields must be taken into account for optimal environmental monitoring and urban environmental management strategies. The soil temperature regime is characterised by a significant level of stability compared to air temperature. The soil temperature fields in an artificial park plantation are characterized by spatial patterns of a complex nature. The temperature field presents a spatial component that is invariant to time. It is most likely that the spatial variability of soil properties induced by natural factors and recreation are the cause of the generation of this pattern. Also in the soil temperature field there is a spatial pattern, which reflects the different sensitivity of the soil to the seasonal trend of temperature change. The generation of this pattern is due to the different insulating capacity of the forest litter in the park plantation. The results obtained point to the important role of leaf litter as a factor in the dynamics of the soil temperature regime. It is hypothesized that leaf litter in the park contributes to the enhancement of carbon sequestration during winter time.

The chemical structure of surfactants causes their accumulation on the surface of water sources and leads to the formation of stable foam, which prevents the access of oxygen to the water and leads to the death of hydrobionts and deterioration in water quality. Therefore, the extraction of surfactants from wastewater is an urgent task. Increase the efficiency of flotation extraction of cationic surfactants, namely hexadecyl pyridinium chloride [C₁₆H₃₃NC₅H₅]Cl (CHDP) and surfactants based on it - cetazol, by introducing organic – (sodium alkyl sulfate (SAS), C_nH_2n+1OSO₃Na, n=10-16), and inorganic - potassium hexacyanoferrate (II, III) precipitators. The solubility of the products of interaction of cationic surfactants with SAS (sublates) was determined, which are extracted from solutions at different temperatures and impurities of electrolytes. The Gibbs free energy ($\Delta {{\rm{G}}}_{ads}^{0}$), enthalpy ($\Delta {{\rm{H}}}_{dis}^{0}$), and entropy ($\Delta {{\rm{S}}}_{dis}^{0}$), which take place in the process of dissolution, are calculated. The low value of the heat of dissolution (2.1-16.6 kJ/mol) indicates a small effect of temperature on the solubility of sublates. The thermodynamic analysis of the process of formation of sublates allows determining the optimal length of the hydrocarbon radical of the precipitator. It is established that the extraction of the studied cationic surfactants should be extracted from water solutions and wastewater by the method of precipitation flotation using organic and inorganic precipitators. The presence of electrolytes and an increase in temperature leads to an increase in the degree of extraction hexadecyl pyridinium alkyl sulphonates sublates.

This paper contains the analyzed results of field observations of the spring migration of birds on the territory of the Botiieve wind farm in 2013-2021. The work was carried out as part of the planned monitoring of the ornithological situation in the area of the Botiieve wind farm (Pryazovskyi district, Zaporizhzhia region) and also covered the Tubal Estuary formed by the confluence of the Velyka and Mala Domuzla and Akchokrak Rivers and in the mouth of the Korsak River. During each trip, up to 70% of the wind farm area was covered. There were given characteristics of the taxonomic composition of the ornithocomplex, flight phenology, height and direction of migration by seasons and months. In the spring period of 2013-2021, 156,910 individuals of 125 species were recorded in the project area. 52,575 individuals of 92 species of these birds (33.5%) were observed directly within the Botiieve wind farm and buffer zones and there were recorded 104,335 individuals of 99 species (66.5%) at the adjacent wetlands - the Botiieve Ponds and the Tubal Estuary. New methods for collecting, storing and processing information, including mapping, server storage and data processing using two web applications, have been proposed. In order to describe in detail the migration processes in the local area, methods of vector mathematics, as well as computer vision algorithms, were used. The result of the analysis was a gradient map of seasonal bird migration concentration, which allows a differentiated approach to assessing the threats to birds from operating wind turbines. The impact of the Botiieve wind farm on birds during the period of seasonal migrations is estimated to be low.

The bivalve species Cerastoderma glaucum (Poiret, 1789) was studied in this study. This species is allochthonous and belongs to the Mediterranean zoogeographic complex and was introduced in the Holocene. The C. glaucum is the dominant species among the bivalves in the Sea of Azov and has a wide range of distribution. The species is distributed in the coastal zone within 100-300 m from the shore, and it is also found in desalinated water bodies such as estuaries. The C. glaucum is fairly resistant to hypoxia. It is euryhaline with respect to salinity and eurybiontic with respect to soil. The species can settle on sandy, muddy or sandy-silty substrate. The aim of the study was to investigate the morphology of shells of this species in order to find out the reasons of morphological features change of Cerastoderma glaucum in different biotopes of the Sea of Azov. The study was conducted in early June 2021 on the northwestern coast of the Azov Sea. A total of 20 stations were investigated. Cerastoderma glaucum was found at all stations. The morphological variability of the bivalve Cerastoderma glaucum was investigated using the method of discriminant analysis. A notable morphological feature was the external alteration of the mollusc shell. A displacement of the apex to the anterior edge of the shell, lengthening of the posterior edge, and deformation of the shell shape, indicating the ecological characteristics of the study area and its inhabitants. Also, there is a difference in the ratio of shell height to shell length, indicating an increased level of siltation in the ground. Shell thickness varies in all survey areas, indicating different levels of salinity. The overall abundance of molluscs from the different biotopes indicates the factors determining the shape of cockle shells. In turn, morphological parameters indicate the general condition of the Sea of Azov. So, it can be assumed that siltation of the substrate on which benthic communities are located has increased as a consequence of massive deposition of phytoorganic residues. In addition, the hydrolytic regime has changed as a result of anthropogenic factors. As a consequence, salinity, oxygen levels are changing, etc.

Today, the Azov-Black Sea coast of Ukraine is one of the most important migration routes in Europe, which is used by up to 15 million birds every season. The development of a scientific and information system for monitoring, assessing and predicting the state of biodiversity on the territories of wind power plants (WPP) in the Azov-Black Sea region is extremely important, and the study of seasonal ornithocomplexes is a key moment in the creation of wind farm sites. Assessment of the impact on them is paramount in the development of management plans and risk minimization. The studies were carried out in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine at 12 monitoring sites in the period from 2010 to 2021 using modern international methods adopted in the European Community, used for these technogenic territories, as well as author's developments. The studies that were carried out using the WEBBIRDS WEB-application for monitoring seasonal ornithocomplexes and computer modeling of assessing the impact of the wind farm site based on the server accumulation of monitoring data (an author's development), software for calculating the risk assessment of bird collisions with wind turbines (CRM), assessing the potential biological removals (PBR) showed no significant adverse impact of wind farms on birds observed at all 12 sites. These monitoring studies make it possible to assert that the main impact on the stability of migratory bird complexes in the project area is exerted by various biotic and abiotic factors such as landscape-biotopic, forage, weather factors, and the impact of wind farms is minimal.

With the development of wind energy in the south of Ukraine, there was a question of the safety of its operation for the ecosystems of the region. The goal of many years of work was the development of methods for geoecological analysis of natural and technical geosystems in the territories of wind farms to assess the impact of wind turbine placement. An integrated approach in carrying out monitoring work and individual methods of analysis, as well as the characteristics of the natural and technical geosystem, using an integral approach, made it possible to synthesize various aspects into a single geoecological system, the analysis of which gives a more complete picture of the relationships and connections of the objects of the territory as a complex natural and technical geosystem. The resulting analysis of the criteria provides a better environmental assessment and selection of means to minimize the negative consequences of the impact on the natural environment.

Earthworms are actively involved in the transformation of organic matter and in the formation of water-resistant soil aggregate structure. In the short time perspective earthworms are a factor that affects soil properties. However, other factors also influence soil properties and it is these factors that determine the total level of earthworm abundance and patterns of their spatial distribution. In urban park environments, the recreation load is an additional factor. The recreational load significantly affects the physical properties of the soil. An aggregate soil structure regulates the ratio of solid, liquid, and gaseous soil fractions and thus determines the living conditions of soil animals. Purpose/objective. The study tested the hypothesis about the influence of the aggregate structure of soil on the spatial distribution of earthworms under recreational load conditions. Methodology. Geostatistical methods and evaluation of animal response models to environmental factors. Results/findings. The aggregate structure of the soil is an important factor that affects the spatial patterns of earthworms under recreational load conditions. Earthworms prefer sites with a predominance of meso-aggregates. A recreational load leads to an increase in the proportion of macro- and micro-aggregates, which negatively affects the living conditions of earthworms. Conclusions. The processes of mutual influence of earthworms and soil aggregate structure have different temporal scales: earthworms influence soil structure in the time range of a few days or weeks, and aggregate structure influences in the time range of a few months or years.

Anthropogenic impacts lead to a decrease in the abundance and diversity of communities of living organisms. The rate of recovery of populations is inversely proportional to size: the smaller the size, the greater the potential for population recovery after negative impact. Therefore, under conditions of extremely high levels of anthropogenic impact, small-sized animals are a reliable source of ecosystem state. The aim of the work is to: 1) to evaluate rates of the micromollusc Vallonia pulchella (Müller, 1774) abundance in ecosystems that are subject to extremely high levels of recreational pressure; 2) to identify factors that influence the spatial patterns of soil micromollusks; and 3) to investigate the possibility of using micromollusks for the purposes of bioindication of recreational pressure. The soil sampling was performed on a regular grid with recording of local coordinates. The micromollusks were extracted from the soil samples by hand sorting. Physical properties of soil sensitive to recreational load were also measured. Micromolluscs were found to exhibit a non-linear response to recreational impact. The maximum abundance of animals is observed at a certain distance from recreational trails. This distance is specific for different species of micromollusks. Micromollusks have high population abundance even under conditions of high recreational load. The regular spatial patterns of these animals are caused by changes in the soil habitat, which are induced by recreational load. This circumstance allows to consider micromollusks as a reliable indicator of the level of recreational load.

Soil fauna is an important functional component of terrestrial ecosystems. Several hierarchical levels of spatial organization of pedobionts communities can be distinguished: point level, ecosystem level and landscape level. Of particular importance is the ecosystem level of spatial organization where the results of interaction between soil animals and soil and plant environmental factors, as well as the results of the influence of factors of neutral nature are expressed to the greatest extent. The aim of the work is to test the hypothesis that the spatial patterns of soil macrofauna at the ecosystem level can be explained by ecomorphs. Soil animals were sampled in floodplain ecosystems in the Dnieper River valley. Animals were sampled according to a regular grid with recording of local coordinates of sampling points. At the same points, soil properties were measured and geobotanical descriptions of vegetation were made. Phytoindication assessment of environmental factors was carried out on the basis of vegetation descriptions. The soil animal community is represented by high taxonomic and ecological diversity. The spatial distribution of soil macrofauna is not random and is a consequence of environmental factors and causes of a neutral nature. The ratio of these factors varies depending on the scale level. The fine-scale level is represented by factors of neutral nature. Medium- and broad-scale components are determined by soil and vegetation factors. The main spatial patterns of variation in the soil animal community correlate with the ecomorphic features of the animals. The ecomorphic approach allows interpreting the information on the spatial organization of pedobionts communities.

To estimate possible changes for some economical branches in South Ukraine which use the nature resources, three scenarios of climate changes were reviewed: increase of temperature and increase of precipitation; increase of temperature and decrease of precipitation; decrease of temperature and increase of precipitation. Impact on the Azov Sea ecosystems under these three scenarios was considered in respect of changes in salinity and temperature of water that consequently effects on ichthyofauna and fish industry. Trends of fish suffocation are also described. Agricultural risks induced by pests (on an example of the locust) under extreme high temperatures in a spring-summer season were discussed, with identification of possible distribution sites of the pest. The research carried out in the framework of the project "Building Capacity for a Black Sea Catchment Observation and Assessment System supporting Sustainable Development" (2009-2013) of the 7^th Framework Programme

Recreation affects various components of ecosystems. A significant transformation occurs in the soil cover in urban parks. The physical properties of soil are sensitive indicators of the level of anthropogenic transformation, and also allow to assess the state of soil as a habitat for plants and soil animals. The question of quantitative patterns of soil properties variability under the influence of recreation is not solved. There is also little information on the spatial aspect of the variability of soil physical properties in urban ecosystems. The aim of our study is to test the hypothesis that the recreational loads cause the formation of spatial patterns of soil properties, which by their extent greatly exceed the zone of direct influence. The spontaneous walkways within an urban park were investigated as an example of recreational loading. The physical soil properties were measured on a regular grid. The distance to the walkway was treated as a proxy variable that indicates recreational load. The application of multivariate statistical methods allowed to reveal the components of the variation of soil properties of different nature. The effect of recreational load is superimposed on the natural variability of properties. The peculiarity of the influence of recreation consists in sharp increase of soil penetration resistance in the upper soil layers and decrease of this index in the lower layers. The recreational load affects the physical properties of the soil. The soil compaction is the main direction of transformation. This effect gradually attenuates with distance from the source of exposure while occupying a significant portion of the space. The variation of soil properties affects the redistribution of soil moisture and soil air, which significantly affects the living conditions of soil biota.

Garden therapy has been used in the world medical practice for many decades. There are many examples where human interaction with plants has a positive impact or facilitates the lives of various segments and groups of society: children, youth, elderly people, with mental health problems, people with disabilities, crime victims, patients with cancer and Alzheimer's disease, mental health problems, drug addicts and alcoholics, combatants, victims of military or terrorist acts, etc. Garden therapy is the process of using plants and the garden to improve well-being through the effects on the mind, body and soul. Garden therapy combines gardening and rehabilitation and is a synthesis of landscape design, medicine and psychology. It can help work with different target groups: in hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation and cancer centers, hospices, as well as other medical and residential complexes. Despite this, garden therapy is still not widespread in Ukraine and requires wider development. This is due to the general set of social and health problems, as well as regional problems of modern times, including the post-Chernobyl factor, the mass factor of post-traumatic stress disorders among the affected population of the temporarily occupied territories and the contingent of ATO participants. Undoubtedly, the urgent task today is to develop garden therapy programs for recovery from illness and combating the stressful effects of prolonged self-isolation during quarantine activities related to the COVID-19 pandemic. The article considers an example of creating a location for active garden therapy for visitors to the Center for medical and social rehabilitation services in Melitopol, Zaporozhia region.

Given the biology features of the pratincola (Glareola pratancola), the possibilities of using remote sensing data were studied for the assessment of the species breeding habitats. Sentinel-2 images allowed analyzing a number of vegetation indexes reflecting such specific habitat characteristics as humidity and vegetation cover. The surface temperature is also was investigated. Moreover, the GIS analysis revealed spatial distribution of the collared pratincola breeding colonies, primarily in relation to water sources, settlements and roads. Glareola pratancola chooses saline areas as breeding habitats, which are characterized by a wide range of values of vegetation indices: NDVI is from 0.143246 to 0.365503, MSI is from 0.987138 to 1.3531. All saline areas suitable for breeding were located in close proximity to the water body (not more than 300m). The possible impact of the proximity of settlements and roads on the location of breeding colonies was not found. The salt marshes used by pratincoles for breeding were situated at an average distance of 1405 ± 386m from settlements and 1714 ± 274m from roads. The main disturbance factor is potentially cattle grazing. Accoding to results the North-Western Pryazovia is a significant breeding place for Glareola pratincola on the Azov-Black Sea coast of Ukraine. The obtained data can be used to determine an ecological niche of the collared pratincole and to develop its conservation strategy in North-Western Pryazovia.

Based on the studies in the period of 2010-2021, there was obtained some information on the behavior of bats and their species composition at the Zaporizhia wind park in the Zaporizhia Region, Ukraine. In the study area, there was established the presence of 10 species of bats belonging to 7 genera. The most complete results were obtained in 2019, when 4 field research methods were used, 28 expedition trips were carried out and 4177 bat signals were recorded. In total, the information on 43938 bat signals was collected in 2010-2021. The total operating time of the ultrasonic detectors was 4565 hours. There were calculated indices of the voice activity of bats for three research methods by seasons, different functional zones and phases of the annual cycle of animals. Surveys on transects with the geo-position of each recorded signal made it possible to characterize the distribution of bats over the territory of the wind farm, and the use of the Kernel Density tool allowed to differentiate the wind farm site of the Zaporizhia wind park into the zones that are conditionally safe for bats and high-risk zones. There have been determined the periods of the year and time periods of night activity, in which it is advisable to use measures to minimize the negative impact. Using international and own experience, there have been proposed methods for repelling bats away from the wind turbines.

The current idea of the phenomenon of human health is strongly associated with a harmonious, well-developed personality. A healthy person in all respects can be called one who adequately responds and adapts to the changing conditions of the ecological, biological and social environment. The main prerequisites for health are the stability of the bioecosystem and sustainable resources. Aim/tasks is the theoretically substantiate the information-structural model of human health and the characteristics of its components. The theoretical and methodological basis of the work was the synergistic use of the principles of science and a systematic approach, which led to the choice of research methods: general scientific (analysis, synthesis, systematization, generalization of literary sources); interdisciplinary (structural-system approach, axiological method). Based on the use of the method of information-structural modeling, the modern trend of natural science is substantiated, which is the key to the stability of the bioecosystem - the information model of human health. It consists of the following blocks: information field of knowledge of the main subject areas; information and technological base of research; information and organizational management tools. The basics of a new interdisciplinary approach to the formation of a generalized idea of the phenomenon of human health from the standpoint of information-structural modeling: systematized information concept of integrated health as a unity of physical, mental and social health, verified it, obtained information about the system in as a whole by translating verbal-qualitative information into quantitative assessments. Conclusions. It is emphasized that the information space of individual health statuses is a holistic multidimensional dynamic system of a certain structure, in which the system-hierarchical homeostasis of interaction of physical, mental and social health statuses at different hierarchical levels is realized. It is proved that the information concept of the phenomenon of human health promotes the further integration of various data, builds constructive ways to formalize complex natural objects, and determines the stable functioning of the bioecosystem.

The ecological state deterioration of the biosphere contributes to the formation of structural-functional mechanisms of plants' adaptation to the synergistic influence of negative factors at different levels of living systems' organization. A complex algorithm of the plant organism reaction response to any adverse factor includes a wide range of histological-metabolic adaptive mechanisms that provide a nonspecific reaction and are responsible for increasing the plant organism resistance. Aim is the investigation of endo-adaptive specificity of mesophytic plants' formation as an ecosystem resistance component. Methods are experimental research, quantitative and anatomical analysis, mathematical and statistical processing of the obtained data. The article presents the histological-functional specificity of Portulaca oleraceae L. vegetative organs under chloride load and without it in the Ukrainian south conditions. It is proved that the various parameters study of plants' metabolism and anatomical-morphological reconstruction plays an important role in studying the salt resistance mechanisms, which determine the existence of mesophytic plants under stressful environmental changes. It is shown that adaptability is an equal component of two interdependent processes (the development of damage caused by stressors and the restoring the values of structural-functional parameters), which generally forms an endo-adaptive mechanism of plant functioning and ensures steadiness of ecosystem stability.

The results of studies of the environmental regularities of the formation of algal communities in soils of various ecosystems in the south of Ukraine are presented. 26 forest, 11 steppe and 3 saline ecosystems were investigated. The research has established the species richness of algae in each ecosystem and produced a multidimensional ordination of algal communities based on the analysis of the main components to clarify the factors that determine the composition of algal communities. The research has established the species richness of algae in each ecosystem and produced a multidimensional ordination of algal communities based on the analysis of the main components to clarify the factors that determine the composition of algal communities. Predictors determined by edaphic conditions and phytocenotic interactions associated primarily with edificators of ecosystems were used for the analysis. The ecological space of the studied ecosystems was formed by four main factors with eigenvalues greater than one, which explained 81.4% of the total variance. PC1 (34.82% of variance) is associated with the type of ecosystem and such edaphic parameters as pH, the availability of moisture in the habitat, and soil mineralization. PC2 (21.98%) reflects changes in the gradients of trophicity (humus content) and granulometric composition of soils. PC3 and PC4 additionally explain 16.04% and 9.27% of the total data variance, respectively. Their values mainly depend on the mineralization, trophicity, and moisture supply of edaphotopes, which, at the level of the composition of algae, is obviously associated with the heterogeneity of the ecological preferences of the algal species themselves, as well as the variability of ecological niches of ecosystems, due to which there are species more typical for other types of ecosystems in the communities. The use of the factor rotation procedure by the Varimax normalized method made it possible to concretize the taxa most associated with the main components: PC1 indicates the various Cyanobacteria species, PC2 – Chlorophyta, Streptophyta and Eustigmatophyceae, PC3 – Xanthophyceae and Euglenozoa, PC4 – Bacillariophyceae.

Ukraine has all the preconditions to increase the sugar beet yield, but, at present, comprehensive studies of spatio-temporal variation in the yield of sugar beet in the country have not been conducted. Though, such research is essential for the formation of crop management and yield forecasting in the future. The study aim is to analyze the general spatio-temporal dynamics of sugar beet yield within 10 regions of Ukraine, to identify the determinants of this trend and to characterize the areas of Ukraine regarding the sugar beet yield. Several statistical methods have been applied to the average sugar beet yields data which were provided by the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was used to estimate the likelihood of a statistical model to the observed data. To calculate the global spatial autocorrelation coefficient, I-Moran statistics were computed using the Geoda095i program. A spatial database was created in ArcGIS 10.2. The average sugar beet yields within the study area ranged from 154.5 dt/ha to 495.7 dt/ha. The spatio-temporal trend of sugar beet yield has been described by a fourth-degree polynomial. It was determined that the overall trend of sugar beet yields is determined by agroeconomic and agro-technological factors, whose contribution to the yield variation is 72-96%. The areas where high sugar beet yields are ensured by favorable natural conditions, such as soil fertility, were identified, as well as areas with high crop yield potential provided that agricultural and breeding techniques are adequately used.

The study of the long-term effects of toxic substances, in particular, heavy metals, on aquatic organisms is currently a topical issue, due to the increase of anthropogenic pressure on the hydrosphere. The embryonic and juvenile stages of mollusks are more sensitive to toxic effects than adult ones. Consequently, the effects of different concentrations of heavy metal in the aquatic environment on the growth and survival rates of Lymnaea stagnalis juveniles were evaluated. In a chronic toxicological experiment, we used chronic lethal, sublethal, and subthreshold concentrations of heavy metals. We conducted 12 toxicological chronic experiments, lasting 60 days, with 1070 specimens of L. stagnalis juveniles. The toxic effect of heavy metals exposure in the aquatic environment in young individuals is manifested at much lower concentrations than in adults. The heavy metals ions affect the shell height of L. stagnalis juveniles even at the embryonic stage, which is manifested in some cases in the acceleration of their growth, in others – in its slowing down. The chronic experiment indicated that the values of shell height growth of juveniles in most cases correlate with the values of the total body weight growth. Under the influence of sublethal concentrations of heavy metal ions, the survival rates of juveniles are 3–4 times lower than the control. In solutions containing chronic lethal concentrations of Co²⁺ and Mn²⁺, up to 80–90% of juveniles die. The sharper and more rapid response of young snails to toxic effects compared to adult animals can be explained by embryo intoxication.

Providing a favourable and comfortable living environment for the population is one of the main tasks of optimising urban development. The level of comfort is formed with the territorial interaction of natural and socio-economic conditions for the region's development. This interaction is especially manifested in large industrial centres, characterised by a strong negative anthropogenic impact on the environment. The territorial assessment of the comfort of the living environment involves a comprehensive spatial analysis of the population comfort main factors. The purpose of this work is a spatial analysis of the population living comfort of one of the most industrialised regions not only Ukraine, but also Europe – the city of Kryvyi Rih. Functional zoning was carried out using GIS Map Info with the allocation of the following areas: residential zones, public and business zones, industry and warehouse zones, resort and recreation zones. The distribution of the residential area according to the level of comfort of the population living environment was carried out according to 3 groups of factors: transport accessibility, development of social infrastructure and ecological state. The first group characterises the habitat from the point of view of the city's provision with transport routes for various types of public transport. The second group characterises the population's social conditions, namely the number of educational, cultural and medical institutions. The third block includes the ecological state of the territory according to the criterion of atmospheric pollution. The method of scoring made it possible to compare individual parts of the area under study across the entire range of natural, ecological and social population comfort. The combination of indicators of the totality of all three groups factors was carried out using overlay operations. As a result of the research, a map characterising the spatial differentiation of indicators of the living comfort in the city of Kryvyi Rih has been created. The specialisation of the city as a large industrial centre has determined the leading role of the group of environmental indicators in the situational model of the living environment comfort in the region.

In this publication, the authors address the content and objectives of demographic data visualization, generalize the most common techniques and tools for demographic data visualization, and share their own experience of testing various statistical visualization practices, namely World Population Dashboard of United Nations Population Fund and Population Reference Bureau. Special emphasis is placed on the implementation of Trendalyzer software, developed by the Swedish Gapminder Foundation, and the experience of demographic statistics visualization via interactive infographics made by Oxford Martin School (a structural unit of the Department of Social Sciences at Oxford University). The presented article evaluates the contribution to the visualization of statistical data made by such Ukrainian organizations as State Statistics Service, public organization "Ukrainian Center for Public Data", BusinessViews and Top Lead. Outlining the advantages and disadvantages of various visualization practices, the authors argue that "dry" statistics being represent by means of visualization tools such as Trendalyzer and Our World Data may constitute a clear and expressive language of convincing facts that contribute to a holistic demographic worldview.

The historical development of water supply systems for portable and irrigation water gathering is traditional for lack of water regions of the world. The diversity of such systems can be observed at Middle East and Asiatic cultures. Some of them are still in use or partly in use now. The study cases of the work are traditional distribution systems of rainwater in the deserted M'zab Valley, Algeria and tropical Miyakojima Island, Japan. The research is aiming to precise the modern situation of traditional water supply systems estimating the possible ways of theirs sustainable development and revitalization. The research conducted on the case grounds mainly with field studies and interview methods. The water supply system of M'zab has been implemented more than eight centuries ago and is still in use. It is a complex hydraulic system based on the principle of total utilization of torrent water and on the equitable division of this water over the entire oasis. Local people now beginning to understand its cultural significance aiming to popularise it. Miyakojima Island medieval water supply underground system consist of the network of cave sources integrated with architecture. Now it is in decay not using like a source of potable water but still preserving some sacral significance with not pointing on popularization. For the sustainability and revitalization of the traditional water supply systems now it is not enough to preserve their initial function but also need to develop the potency of tourist attraction with reservation as cultural property.

Lake Biwa Canal (engineer Tanabe Sakuro) connects Lake Biwa and Kyoto. It was built in the end of the 19th c. in order to revive Kyoto, which decayed after the transfer of the capital to Edo (Tokyo) in 1868 and served to supply Kyoto with drinking and industrial water, as well as for cargo transportation. The aim of the work is to determine the historical periods of Lake Biwa Canal's existence and to highlight its significance for ensuring the sustainable development of Kyoto. The research was conducted at Kyoto mainly with field studies and interview methods. As a result, three historical periods of the Lake Biwa Canal existence were identified. In the first period (1885-1951), the canal combined water supply, transportation and landscape-shaping functions and was fundamental to the sustainable development of Kyoto. In the second period (1951-1990th), the transport role of the canal became unclaimed, and its role in sustainable development of the city significantly decreased. In the third period (since 1990th), the canal was designated as National Historic Site, and a campaign of its revitalization began. The Canal acquired touristic and educational functions and increased its role in the sustainable development of Kyoto. Thus, at the time of its construction, the Lake Biwa Canal was the main driving force that saved Kyoto from decline. Now, we can talk about the opposite process, when Kyoto City supports the sustainable development of the Canal.

The scale and nature of changes in the urban planning parameters of the Luhansk region under the influence of socio-demographic and external factors are studied. The actual development trends of the Lysychansk-Rubizhne-Sievierodonetsk agglomeration, the evolution of the regional settlement system, the state and problems of the urban development of the region are determined. To conduct the study, methods of system analysis, analytical comparisons, statistical analysis, urban planning analysis were used. The information base consists of literary and archival sources, cartographic materials. Quantitative and qualitative changes in the main territorial and urban planning parameters of the Luhansk region have been studied. A methodology for assessing and making urban planning decisions is proposed. The urban planning tasks and directions of transformation of the residential environment of the Luhansk region, controlled by Ukraine, are analyzed. Lugansk region in modern conditions is an outsider of socio-economic development. The occupied territories of the Lugansk region of the so-called ORLO (separate districts of the Luhansk region) are in a state of crisis. Industrial, ecological, social degradation is intensifying. This trend can lead to the devastation of settlement systems. The tasks of rational transformation of the territorial-planning organization of the Lugansk region remain relevant. From the intermediate conclusions, it is advisable to single out: the region has significantly changed its functions. The border and the line of demarcation of the JFO will still indefinitely be the determining factor influencing the state and development of the region. The task of the territorial development should be considered at the level of the Lysychansk-Rubizhne-Sievierodonetsk agglomeration and the structure of the region as a whole to ensure the growth of its potential. It is expedient to implement priority tasks according to unconditionally effective options that give a quick and demonstrable result. It can be education, transport infrastructure, anything that raises social standards. It is necessary to achieve a consensus of different groups of the population in the implementation of urban planning tasks and projects.

The article deals with the attempt to reconstruct the concept of sustainable development in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature review supported the idea that the studies devoted to the features of sustainability in social systems are extremely fragmentary. The authors provided a holistic vision of the process of sustainable development in terms of a dialectical self-organization of open living systems. To accomplish this goal, a number of studies have been conducted at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings confirmed a strong relationship between the psychological and social level of adaptation (as a manifestation of the adaptability/sustainability of the individual) to the conditions of the pandemic. This helps considering indicators of psychological stability as a predictor of social sustainability. The prospect of the further research consists in the reinterpretation of the current world in terms of a rhythmic, emergent, hybrid and innovative (REHI-world) self-organization of open living systems.

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the topic of sustainability as a key basis for the formation of utopia on the example of the work of utopians (architects, politicians, etc.) in the historical context, and to compare their approaches to environmentalism with those prevalent and implemented today. The authors identify three conditional periods of utopia formation from the point of view of urban planning, which clearly demonstrate the shift in the approach to solving relevant problems, namely: spreading the idea of an ideal city (on the example of Franciscus Patricius, Ludovico Zuccolo); rejection of the city as a desirable model of human settlement and an attempt to return to nature (works by William Dean Howells, William Morris, Anatole France); a period of active implementation of environmental technologies in projects since the early 20th century (the work by Ernest Callenbach).

The post-industrial stage of development determined a significant reduction of the importance of industrial production, which led to restructuring the economy. An active process of revaluation has begun – reassessing the value of industrial heritage and finding options for its further use. Kryvyi Rih is the most powerful industrial center of Ukraine and despite the fact that the industry is in an active stage of operation, the issue of diversification of the city's economy and further transformation of industrial facilities is raised in a timely manner. The tasks of this research are theoretical analysis of the concept of revitalization", the essence of this process, the study of practical experience of revitalization in Ukraine and abroad, the result of which should be an analysis of prospects for the implementation of this process in the industrial heritage of Kryvyi Rih. The analysis of the possibilities of Kryvyi Rih industrial heritage revaluation was carried out through the prism of an interdisciplinary approach based on research in architecture, ecology, economics, geography and culturology. Disclosure of this issue took place at two levels of research: theoretical and empirical. Theoretical research was based on the use of general scientific systems approach, analysis and synthesis, structural-functional analysis, comparative analysis, modeling methods, design, SWOT and PEST-analyzes of the probable effectiveness of revitalization in Kryvyi Rih. Empirical research was expeditionary methods, observations, the method of field visual inspections. The study has structured the concept of "revitalization", revealed promising areas of industrial facilities revitalization. The world tendencies and the best national examples of transformation of industrial territories into various innovation spaces have been analyzed. An assessment of the potential of the city's various objects in terms of revitalization opportunities has been given. Conceptual models of creation of the Industrial Culture Park "SHAKHTA" on the place of the preserved mine "Artem-2", and also industrial and landscape park on the place of Burshchitsky dump have been prepared, futuristic possibilities of their use in the tourist activity have been allocated. Intensification of efforts of specialists in various related fields to ensure the sustainable development of the urban environment of old industrial areas is the key to a qualitative revival of industrial spaces, harmonization and ecological optimisation of the former industrial environment, solving a number of socio-economic problems.

The ability of a society for sustainable development is determined by its ability to maintain and develop the parameters of life within the security corridor not least under the condition of continuous action of both internal and external factors. The connection between the activities of law enforcement agencies and the sustainability development of socio-territorial communities is obvious since the leading mission of the police is to prevent the constantly growing threats associated with various kinds of offenses. It is well known that the development of public opinion is an integral part of the rule of law and civil society. In the context of active reformation of law enforcement agencies, empirical sociological studies play the role of a measurer of efficiency, a barometer of public trust. The leading task of sociologists is to establish a two-way communication with the population whose security should be ensured by law enforcement officials. The article summarizes the experience of existing empirical sociological research of public opinion on the evaluation of the formation of a new methodology and methods of evaluating the effectiveness of the police. The authors of the article note that to date, considerable research experience has been accumulated, a base of empirical research has been formed to study the effectiveness of the national police, but there is still some methodological and methodological inconsistency. Researchers point to the appropriateness of using the in-depth interview method of the police officers themselves, conducting a focus group and expert evaluation.

The article examines the assessment of ecological and economic competitiveness of regions using factor analysis. Ecological and economic competitiveness of the territory is formed from groups of components, some of which will determine its basic potential, others - the potential of possible development trajectories. The ratio of these components is different for each region and in each period of time when competitiveness is determined. Ecological and economic competitiveness of the region is determined by the ratio of several areas that interact and interdependent: social, economic, environmental. It is proposed to introduce the amount of atmospheric rent into the indicators of assessing the competitiveness of regions. Atmospheric rent is a fiscal lever of influence and a stimulus for the formation of ecological and economic competitiveness of the region. The factor analysis confirmed that the value of atmospheric rent is a significant indicator that belongs to the first, most important group of indicators, and therefore should be taken into account when conducting environmental and economic assessment. To study the ecological and economic competitiveness, there were built two models and compared by the results modeling. The most accurate model turned out to be additive, which is explained by a more balanced consideration of the load of indicators and the share of explained variation of data by each of the factors. The assessment of ecological and economic competitiveness was carried out on the example of regions of Ukraine and the ranks of these regions were determined.