Table of contents

On the behalf of the organizing committee of the 2^nd International Conference on Electronics, Electrical and Information Engineering (ICEEIE2022) held during August 12-15, 2022 in Changsha, Hunan, China. Due to the epidemic situation, there were travel restriction for every scholars who were linked with this event by using Zoom conference system, we enjoyed 3 keynote speeches and oral presentations made by the authors which lasted for 15 minutes each, a lot of inspiration sparked during the Q&A parts. The conference has provided a significant platform to encourage researchers, scholars, academician and practitioners to congregate for exchange of ideas and experiences from their work while identifying future directions of relevant areas.

ICEEIE2022 promotes research and developmental activities in the field of Electronics, Electrical and Information Engineering. Researchers who have contributed their work to the conference shared their findings and experience with other researchers and attendee. Many attendees without any contribution of research paper have also been allowed to attend the conference to gain knowledge in their respective areas. With all contributions from the participants, 63 papers are final accepted from 140 submissions. Those accepted ones are well categorized into four sectors as follows:Communication engineering, Electrical engineering, Electronics, Information engineering.

We wish to show our sincere appreciations to all individuals and organizations who have contributed to ICEEIE2022, especially those who did the review of all the submitted papers, dedicated their time and efforts in planning, promoting, organizing, and helping the conference. Also we must extend our thanks to our keynote speakers: Prof.Mohammad S. Obaidat from University of Sharjah, USA, who made speeches titled A New Learning Automata-Based Controller Placement Scheme for Software-Defined Network Systems, Prof. Witold Pedrycz from University of Alberta, Canada, who made speeches titled Developments in Federated Learning and Knowledge Transfer: Pursuits in Green and Granular Machine Learning, Prof. Claudio Cañizares from University of Waterloo, Canada, who made speeches titled Energy Storage Systems.

We wish to show our special thanks to Hunan University of Finance and Economics, Hunan University of Technology, Hunan University of Arts and Science for support, they provided various platform to promote this conference with nice service.

We are pretty sure that readers will benefit and get inspiration for their future work by using this volume, we will feel honorable to have your continuous attention and attendance for our next edition of ICEEIE.

This project is funded by the scientific research project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(21C1632).

List of Committees are available in this pdf.

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Single Anonymous

• Conference submission management system: Morressier

• Number of submissions received: 140

• Number of submissions sent for review: 140

• Number of submissions accepted: 39

• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 27.9

• Average number of reviews per paper: 1

• Total number of reviewers involved: 4

• Contact person for queries:

Name: Shengqing Li

Email: 11697@hut.edu.cn

Affiliation: Hunan University of Technology

This paper introduces the research background of water traffic problems, analyzes the Marine equipment in the process of shipping the deficiencies, on the basis of introducing the concept of image recognition, computer vision and computer vision image recognition are briefly introduced the development of the status situation, sums up and summarizes the recent years research direction such as neural networks based on machine learning, convolution algorithm, For ship image recognition method, and from static image recognition to the complex environment of image recognition, and machine learning, convolutional neural networks based algorithm was analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages and applicable environment, finally put forward to build a multilateral participation information fusion detection framework to implement the idea of the safe navigation of the ship.

The high-precision phase extraction method directly determines the final measurement performance of the heterodyne laser interferometer. This paper proposes a digital quadrature phase-locked (DQPL) method with sub-nanometer precision based on FPGA hardware and compiled on the LABVIEW FPGA platform. DQPL method can accurately extract the phase difference of the two optical signals in the heterodyne laser interferometer. The validity and stability of the method have been verified by simulations and experiments. The experimentally obtained measurement resolution is 0.074 nm, and the measurement standard deviation obtained by the Monte Carlo method is 0.22 nm.

Gravity gradiometer sensor performance, platform instability and electronic circuit noise can cause serious influence on the weak gravity gradiometry signal, and the noise level is usually one or several times of gravity gradient signal. This paper put forward a method to resolve this problem according to the characteristics of the signal. First of all, filtrate the gravity gradient signal with a band-passing filter. Then, demodulate the output signal of the band-passing filter, at last, remove the gravity gradiometry noise with the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) method. Then the gravity gradiometer signal was tested on the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform. The experiment results verify that the various harmonic noise can be removed with the method proposed above, and the gravity gradient signal accuracy and gravity gradient space resolution is further improved, the good properties of the method is of high practice and maneuverability.

Before sensing and transmitting data, the underwater nodes need to calculate and estimate their location information through anchor nodes with known locations. The ranging-free positioning algorithm DV-hop can be applied to the underwater wireless sensor network in a relatively poor environment, which is not required high positioning accuracy. However, some anchor nodes may be destroyed and utilized to deter unknown nodes' precise positioning in the underwater confrontation scenario. Therefore, we propose a computationally efficient algorithm for determining the location of sensor nodes in harsh and confrontational underwater environments and resisting non-cooperative network attacks. This algorithm integrates Nesterov accelerated gradient descent (NAG) into the DV-hop positioning algorithm and prunes the data by selecting the measurement inconsistency to get better positioning accuracy and higher security. The simulation experiment confirms that our proposed algorithm has better measurement accuracy in the underwater environment than the existing algorithms.

In this work, a cancelling-blocking structure (CBS) for decoupling of microstrip antennas was proposed, which can reduce the coupling between arbitrary elements of a one-dimensional E-plane antenna. Results demonstrate the optimized active VSWR and improved radiation efficiency. The cancelling-type decoupling structure consists of a plurality of electrically small metal sheet arrays printed on the dielectric above the antenna. The blocking-type decoupling structure means that each element uses independent dielectric and ground plane to cut off the coupling current propagation path. Firstly, the decoupling principle of the cancelling-type decoupling structure was deduced, and the decoupling conditions were obtained. Then, the mechanism of the surface wave in the antenna array was qualitatively analyzed, and the applicable conditions of the blocking-type decoupling structure were deduced. To verify the proposed structure, a 1×8 E-plane antenna with the designed CBS was modeled. Simulation results manifested that a mutual coupling reduction of more than 10 dB in 1.2-1.3 GHz was achieved, and the active VSWR was below 2.0 over the range of ±60° scan angle.

In this paper, a dual-polarized planar ultra-wideband modular antenna (PUMA) with wide-scanning angle matching layers is proposed. The multiple dielectric layers and frequency selective surfaces (FSS) are loaded on the dipoles. Each frequency selective surface is etched on the dielectric plate as one wide-angle -matching layer. By applying three wide-angle-matching layers, the wide-scanning angle performance is guaranteed. As for the ultra-wideband performance, a metal cylinder is added to the lower space between adjacent dipoles, and the upper end of the cylinder has a certain distance from the dipole. This forms a "ridge" structure which shift problematic common-mode resonances caused by circulating current out of band. A dual-polarized 256-port array (16×16) is set and simulated. The simulation result indicates that the proposed antenna operating over 4.79GHz -20.15GHz (4.20:1) achieves VSWR<3 while scanning to 60° in E-plane and D-plane, and to 45° in H-plane respectively.

A band-enhanced and low-profile tightly coupled array (TCA) with inductive windows (IWs) and split rings (SRs) is proposed in this paper. The IW cell is placed between the antenna plane and ground and consists of four parallel strips which introduces inductance to move the resonance frequency caused by the ground out of the operating band. Moreover, the SR is specially designed to thin the thick wide-angle impedance matching (WAIM) superstrates to reduce the TCA profile height. As a result, the proposed array has a 10:1 impedance bandwidth (0.6-6 GHz) with the active VSWR<3.0 and more than 90% radiation efficiency at broadside. The bandwidth reduces to 8.8:1 (0.7-6.2 GHz) when scanning to ±60° in E/D-plane and ±45° in H-plane, respectively. The profile height of the TCA with IWs and SRs is only 0.077λL with the distance of 0.5λH between the adjacent elements.

Oblivious transfer is a private preserving algorithm for querying sensitive information without known by data owner. The disadvantage of this scheme is that the data owner needs to send amount of redundant data to puzzle the intended information, which will cause the waste of bandwidth. This paper introduces BSOT, a bandwidth-saving oblivious transfer protocol which uses query agent in confidential computing environment in the data source side to reduce bandwidth consumption. In this paper BSOT protocol is defined in CBOR format. Compared to the traditional OT method, this approach could push all the redundant data flow inside the data source instead of transferring by network, and could also restrict the private data from unnecessary leakage.

The multi-user detection technology uses the spread sequence, delay, amplitude and phase information of each user to jointly detect users, which can effectively suppress multiple access interference, It is one of the key technologies in satellite communication system to make full use of uplink spectrum resources and improve system performance and capacity. Continuous phase modulation spread signal can adapt to multi-user communication due to the random variation of spread sequence, which is gradually applied to satellite communication. QPSK-CPM spread modulation scheme is adopted in the random access channel of VHF data exchange system. Aiming at the multi-user detection problem of QPSK-CPM spread system, proposing a multi-user detection algorithm based on interference elimination joint Turbo iterative detection based on the characteristics of CPM spread sequence. Compared with the traditional serial interference cancellation algorithm, the algorithm can effectively eliminate the multiple access interference problem caused by user aliasing by using the characteristics of Turbo codes. The theoretical simulation shows that the algorithm has a good detection effect on multi-user aliased signals.

Partial discharge optical measurement has the characteristics of high sensitivity and strong anti-interference, but its detection effect is greatly affected by the deployment position of the sensor. Therefore, based on the radiation characteristics and transmission characteristics of optical signals, the deployment position of sensors in equipment is optimized. In this paper, an optimal layout scheme of switch cabinet lighting unit based on the distribution characteristics of partial discharge photometric is proposed. Firstly, the optical simulation model of switchgear cable room is designed, and the discharge light source is set at the typical fault location. According to the optical simulation results, the position sensor with high response intensity is selected for different discharge light sources. In order to prove the effectiveness of the layout scheme, the discharge optical detection experiment of switch cabinet was carried out. The results show that the sensor can detect discharge effectively in the selected installation position.

As one of the important power transmission and transformation equipment, the reliability of transformer is directly related to the safe operation of power system. At present, the on-line monitoring technology based on dissolved gas analysis in oil is widely valued by researchers all over the world because it can continuously monitor the operation status of transformers and timely and effectively find the early faults of transformers. In this paper, the on-site oil chromatography data are differentiated and classified according to the voltage level of the transformer. The curve fitting method is used for statistical analysis and to build a distribution model. The cumulative probability is associated with the defect rate and failure rate of the equipment, and the corresponding threshold value is obtained by using the inverse cumulative distribution function as the attention value and warning value. By using this method, the attention values of the volume fraction of dissolved gas in oil and the gas production rate of dissolved gas in the existing national standards are improved, and the corresponding warning values are calculated to make the warning mechanism more flexible and reliable.

To study the real scale transformer fire and fire control process, this paper uses FDS to simulate the transformer fire combustion process and analyzes the data of transformer fire temperature and flow field. Through data analysis, this paper establishes a fire visualization system based on the unity3d engine and uses modeling software to complete the Substation Scene Modeling, the visualization process of fire particles and fire water jet in the whole process of transformer fire occurrence and fighting is realized. The research results are of great significance for substation fire construction and emergency rescue.

Based on the theory of electromagnetic field, the Marine heavy oil electromagnetic induction heater uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to realize the energy conversion and transfer, so as to heat the heavy oil to the inlet temperature to achieve the purpose of heating.By means of electromagnetic induction, eddy currents are generated on the tubing wall under the action of a magnetic field. The wall of the heated oil pipe conducts heat energy to the heavy oil in the pipe. In this heating mode, the coil is directly around the oil supply unit pipeline of the ship for heating, and the heating effect depends on the heating electromagnetic field.Therefore, to study the electromagnetic field and its influencing factors of heavy oil electromagnetic induction heating is the premise of designing heavy oil electromagnetic induction heater.In this paper, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the electromagnetic induction heater with different pitch is analyzed theoretically, and simulated and optimized by COMSOL Multiphysics software.

Ion confinement technology can be widely used in quantum computation and precision measurement. In ion trapping system, ions are stably trapped in ion trap by the action of external forces.Multi-ion confinement requires the joint action of electric field and magnetic field to make the trapped ions overcome the interaction force between ions and be stably confined in the same specific space. Therefore, the stability of the electric force and the magnetic force determines the stability of ion confinement. Although the electric field and magnetic field provided by traditional commercial instruments is stable, it is not conducive to the miniaturization of the device. According to the previous experiment of ion confinement, we have designed a radio frequency(RF) signal generator that can provide continuous low power and stable high voltage RF electric field for multi-ion confinement system to guarantee the stability of trapped ions in quadrupole linear ion trap, also to improve the tapped ions density.

In order to improve the efficiency of PCB (Printed Circuit Board) capacitor plug-in, reduce labor input and improve the accuracy of plug-in, a capacitor plug-in assembly manipulator was designed. The manipulator was mainly composed of X-axis module, Y-axis module and Z-axis module. The mechanical gripper of Z-axis module could adjust the distance between two mechanical grippers to meet the needs of different capacitance sizes. By adopting double z-axis design, the work efficiency of rectangular coordinate manipulator was improved. The addition of the X-ray axis improved the synchronization of the movement at both ends of the X and enhanced the rigidity of the structure. Siemens PLC S7-200 motion library function controlled manipulator grasp, positioning and plug-in. The efficiency of the plug-in unit was 2.5 s/board, and the manipulator could complete capacitor plug-in efficiently and accurately. The whole system has the advantages of high control accuracy, simple operation, stable operation and low noise, and has important practical significance for enterprises.

Proton exchange membrane (PEM) is developing towards thin thickness and high mechanical strength for extraordinary performance proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). However, the commercial membrane such as Nafion can hardly satisfy the practical application of PEMFCs because of high gas crossover and low mechanical strength when the thickness is less than 20 μm. Here, a reinforced composite membrane (denoted as P110-PFSA) was synthesized by blending poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF) featured with high molecular weight of M_w= 1100000 g mol^-1 into perfluorosulfonic acid resin (PFSA). The P110-PFSA with the thickness of 15 μm exhibits tensile strength of over 33 MPa because the PVDF with high molecular weight forms a higher density of hydrogen bonds with PFSA, resulting in a reinforcement of the bonding strength between PVDF and PFSA. H₂/O₂ fuel cell performance with the P110-PFSA shows more than 1170 mW cm^-2 fed with H₂ at 70 °C and 100% RH much better than that with Nafion 211. Direct methanol fuel cell power densities of the blent PEM are 92, 61, 50, 28 and 15 mW cm^-2 fed with 2, 6, 10,16 and 20 M methanol solution respectively at the anode.

The rapid development of new energy sources gradually challenges the frequency stability of power systems. This article focuses on how to realize the frequency modulation control of the power grid under the fluctuation of the power grid. In order to improve the frequency stability of the microgrid system, based on the traditional droop control and consensus algorithm research, this paper proposes a microgrid primary frequency modulation based on the consistency droop control method. This control strategy improves the consistency of the progressive correction term to realize the control of the output of the energy storage unit, and improves the traditional droop controller to quickly restore the stability of the primary frequency. The root locus method verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the control strategy. The simulation experiment verifies the frequency modulation ability of the proposed control strategy, which not only has a faster adjustment speed and response ability, but also has a strong anti-interference ability.

This paper designs a lossy double-layer resistance film absorption structure, which consists of two layers of resistance film and PFA medium alternately superimposed, the bottom of the Cu conductive film is used as the reflection bottom plate, and the metamaterials absorber thickness is 4.267mm. Simulation results show that an absorption rate greater than 90% is achieved in the 6.4-21.1GHz frequency interval, with a maximum absorption peak of 98.5%, a bandwidth reaching 14.6GHz, and a relative bandwidth of up to 106.2%. The wave absorption structure presents polarized insensitive absorption and has good wide-angle incident absorption characteristics. The single-layer resistance film realized periodic and multi-resonant peak narrow-band absorption, with a maximum absorption rate of 99.9%. Based on the software simulation results, the current density field distribution map and impedance characteristics, and the absorption mechanism were analysed.

Partial discharge is an important reason for the failure of GIS equipment, and its detection can determine the type and position of the defect in GIS. In the discharge inspection, accurate positioning of defects can provide an important reference for maintenance. In response to this, this paper proposes a discharge optical location method based on multi-normal photoelectric array. Based on the SiPM sensor, a multi-normal array is designed and built into the coaxial structure of GIS equipment. Measuring the responses of each unit in the array to get the response ratio of each element and calculate the direction of the discharge light in space. This paper firstly introduces the array structure, and proposes a solution algorithm in space, which uses the proportional relationship of multi-normal elements to solve the discharge direction. Secondly, the feasibility and error source of this method are verified in the simulation software. Finally, the application effect of this method in actual power equipment is verified by actual measurement, and the results show that this method can accurately locate the partial discharge in GIS.

With the development of science and technology, digital control systems are more widely used, which is more conducive to the development of intelligent power locomotives. In the speed control process of electric traction DC motor, considering the stability, rapidity, accuracy and other requirements of speed control, digital position type PID control strategy is adopted.This study first models the power traction DC motor and analyzes the performance of the system. In order to improve the performance index of the system, a digital PID control strategy is adopted.MATLAB simulation results show that the controller has good speed and stability for the speed control of electric traction DC motor.

The internal insulation defects in gas insulated equipment leading to partial discharges will affect the insulation performance of the equipment. Among them, surface discharges are a typical type of partial discharge, which often occurs at basin-type insulators. To realize effective discharge detection and discharge degree determination, a refined discharge stage division strategy for gas-insulated creeping discharge based on multi-physical information is investigated in this study. First, an experimental platform for gas-insulated multi-physical signal detection is established, of which high frequency current transformer (HFCT), silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), ultra-high frequency (UHF) and acoustic emission (AE) sensors are applied to measurement the multi-physical energy releases in the process of creeping discharge. Then an artificial surface discharge defect is developed following the actual surface discharge of basin insulator. Subsequently, the relative optical radiation power, electromagnetic radiation power and ultrasonic radiation power produced in the process of discharge are deduced from the multi-physical information. Meanwhile, the relationships among the three energy releases are carried out for variation of different energy with the applied voltage increases. Finally, development path of multi-physical energy ratio for surface discharge is proposed to evaluate the severity of discharge.

Partial discharge (PD) is treated as one of the major threats for gas insulated switchgear (GIS). By using the new generation multispectral detection sensor named as SiPM-based multispectral discharge sensor (SMDS), the time resolved partial discharge with multispectral information (named as MTRPD) for creeping discharge, suspension discharge and tip discharge, respectively. It indicates that the MTRPD for the specific discharge defect perform unique spectral fingerprints in discharge mode. Based on the graph characteristics of MTRPD, we introduced the convolution neural network (CNN) to implement PD type identification whose overall accuracy of Δqi-Δqi+1 and Δti-Δti+1 were 99.7% and 98.9%, respectively. This paper provides a new technique tool for fine diagnosis of PD independent of phase analysis.

The study of condensed matter system with strongly correlated electron characteristics shows that the strongly correlated electron leads the system to have macroscopic quantum characteristics, which has multiple degrees of freedom in practical application and strong coupling relationship between them, resulting in abundant and peculiar quantum phenomena in the system. Nowadays, the research on unconventional superconductors is more and more in-depth, which not only expands the topics and ideas of practical research, but also makes excellent achievements. Therefore, on the basis of understanding the strongly correlated electron system, this paper studies the deep analysis of Fermion superconductor, copper oxide superconductor and iron based superconductor by means of high pressure experiment, so as to provide effective information for better understanding the microscopic mechanism on the basis of mastering the relevant unconventional superconductor refined research methods.

Aiming at the hopping time estimation problem of frequency hopping (FH) signals under alpha stable distributed noise, a hopping time estimation algorithm based on time-frequency pattern gradient sequence is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the FH signal model and the alpha stable distribution noise model are established according to the received signals; Secondly the fractional lower order SPWVD (FLOSPWVD) transform is used to suppress the impulse noise in the time frequency pattern, and a clear and reliable time frequency pattern is obtained by using the morphological filtering. Finally, the hopping time estimation of the frequency hopping signal is completed according to the jump of the gradient sequence of the time frequency graph.

In order to improve the load management ability of the new power system, this paper proposes a design scheme of the new power load management system. The design scheme is based on the cloud platform and adopts the micro service and micro application architecture to build applications such as load control customer management, equipment file management, load monitoring, load characteristic analysis, load control scheme formulation, load regulation and implementation, load implementation monitoring, implementation effect analysis, operation management, power safety, early warning monitoring, command and drill, and realize the real-time monitoring and accurate control of load resources on the customer side. The practical application proves the effectiveness of this scheme in improving the management of customer side load resources.

In the rapid development of China's power system, the number of applications of high-voltage switchgear is increasing. Every year, tens of thousands of switchgear are put into the power industry. Since the performance and quality of high-voltage switchgear directly determines the operation efficiency of the system and has a positive impact on the safety production and effective power supply of the power grid system, scholars from all over the world have gradually strengthened the research on the insulation failure of switchgear and conducted verification and analysis based on practical cases. In this paper, based on the understanding of the development status and fault research technology of 10-35kV high voltage switchgear, according to representative insulation accident cases, taking the high voltage switchgear in a certain area as an example to verify and analyze, and finally put forward effective improvement methods.

In the development of modern social economy and technological innovation, the technical application of the power industry is more and more demanding, and researchers have gradually strengthened the judgment and search technology research of low-voltage leakage fault type in distribution platform area. From the perspective of practical application, when the leakage fault occurs in the low-voltage line, it is necessary to find the area as soon as possible and put forward an effective solution, so as to avoid further expansion of the fault problem. In this paper, on the basis of understanding the causes of low-voltage leakage faults in distribution platform area, according to the various judgment schemes proposed by scholars at home and abroad, an intelligent fault identification and positioning system is deeply discussed, so as to clarify the types of faults and find methods. Finally, the practical results show that the causes of leakage faults are different, and the practical judgment and search methods should be targeted and diversified.

FR-4 epoxy resin is a common material used as internal parts in high voltage switchgear. In this paper, we adopted the accelerated thermal aging method to explore the thermal aging behavior of FR-4 epoxy resin, simulating the practical application of this material in high voltage switch. The effects of thermal aging on the thermodynamic properties and thermal decomposition characteristic gases of FR-4 epoxy resin were characterized by FT-IR, DSC, TG and GC-MS analyses. The experiment results showed that thermal aging could destroy the internal crystal structure of FR-4 epoxy resin, which could lead to this material easier to be decomposed after heating. We also detected that the thermal decomposition rate of FR-4 epoxy resin aging was greatly accelerated compared with the materials that had not been aged. In addition, unaged FR-4 epoxy resin could release 9 main volatile gases under 120°C, and irreversible defects or structural damages occurred in the materials along with the volatilization of small organic molecules. Furthermore, after continuous thermal aging at 120 °C for 672 h, the molecules of FR-4 epoxy resin were more cracked and volatilized, we observed a more obvious phenomenon of thermal decomposition in this materials. In total, we compared the types of thermal decomposition gases and the decomposion mechanism of aged and unaged FR-4 epoxy resin. In application, our results can provide reference for condition monitoring and fault prediction for this material in high voltage switchgear in the future.

The Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is an important way and is now extensively used to detect incipient faults in oil-immersed transformers. Some conventional methods for DGA, such as the Three-Ratio Method, usually misunderstood the gas data and failed to accurately detect multiple fault combinations. Recently, most researchers investigating DGA have utilized machine learning algorithms to improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis. The dissolved gas data are usually treated as tabular data by using machine learning algorithms to achieve better results compared to conventional methods. However, those machine learning methods ignore the internal connection of the dissolved gas data in the time dimension. Therefore, this paper adopted a new DGA method for transformer fault diagnosis based on Graph Neural Network (GNN) and Multivariate Time Series (MTS) model. The results finally showed that the model outperforms the existing machine learning baseline methods and conventional methods on the dataset.

The proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is a clean power generation component with high energy conversion rate and high energy density. The triple-phase interfaces of catalytic layer are where the electrochemical reaction occurs in proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, and its distribution directly affect the reactivity. The triple-phase interface is a nano-thick perfluorosul-fonic acid ionomer (PFSA) film that covers the catalyst particles. When the density of the ultra-thin PFSA film is not uniform, the gas transport resistance increases significantly, which is not conducive to the progress of reaction. However, ultra-thin PFSA film will have inhomogeneous density distribution due to the influence of forming process. Therefore, how to design the process to improve density distribution of ultra-thin films is an urgent problem. Molecular dynamics simulation model is built to study the influence of manufacturing process on inhomogeneous distribution of ultra-thin PFSA film, and the microscopic mechanism is revealed.

According to battery thermal management system's design theory, a battery module with thermal management system is designed in this article, and the thermal management system model is simulated. By establishing thermal management system's simulation model, modular thermal management system's performance is analyzed.The simulation consequences show that the liquid cooling plate's outlet temperature is higher than the inlet temperature, so the temperature rise and outlet temperature of the cooling liquid of a single battery module that cools system should be properly controlled. Through the thermal imager experiment, the test consequences are consonant with the simulation analysis's conclusions.The reliability and accuracy of the simulation analysis is verified by the experiment, and shows the rationality of the design of the thermal management system for power battery.

In this paper, three kinds of silicone rubber materials, methyl silicone rubber, phenyl silicone rubber and fluorosilicone rubber, are used as the research object, contact angle tester, thermal conductivity tester, insulation resistance tester, differential scanning calorimeter and thermogravimetric analyzer to explore the effect of side groups on the properties of silicone rubber. The results show that the thermal conductivity of three kinds of silicone rubber materials is poor, but they all have good hydrophobicity, insulation and thermal stability. Among them, phenyl silicone rubber shows better hydrophobicity and thermal stability. In addition, the type and relative content of characteristic gases of thermal decomposition of silicone rubber materials at different temperatures are analyzed in detail by gas chromatography mass spectrometer. The results show that C6H18O3Si3 and C8H24O4Si4 are the common characteristic gases of thermal decomposition of three kinds of silicone rubber.

The ultra-short-term forecast of the power load system plays an important role in the operation of the power market and economic dispatch. An excellent ultra-short-term power load prediction model can not only greatly reduce the loss of power operation, but also make a reasonable power generation plan accordingly to reduce the waste of power. In this paper, a model applicable to forecasting the ultra-short-term power system is proposed by combining LSTM and Random Forest using the reciprocal error method, based on the power load data of the 10th Teddy Cup Data Mining Competition. The illustrating example shows that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the combined prediction model of LSTM-Random Forest is 1.40%, the error of the combined model is significantly lower than the uncombined model, implying that the prediction accuracy of the combined prediction model is significantly higher than that of the LSTM model and Random Forest model.

Although water zinc ion battery (ZIBs) has certain advantages in production and application period, but the speed performance and service time is not strong, always hinders the reusability and rapid charging technology. In order to solve this problem, researchers proposed to improve the reaction kinetics on the basis of stable electrode structure. So this article research using solvent and adding thiourea to design a hybrid structure, the structure is made from manganese doped V6O13 nanobelts and navier-stokes modified porous carbon structure, consisting of one dimensional porous nanometer structure can form diffusion channels, and can provide relatively abundant energy storage sites, and zinc ions doped into V6O13 electronic structure can be further adjustment. In order to effectively control the huge volume expansion and optimize the electrical conductivity, n-S modified carbon structure with electrical conductivity can be used to protect the nanoribbons and effectively improve the electron transport rate in the electrochemical reaction. This electrode structure can not only accelerate the diffusion rate and reaction kinetics of zinc ions, but also show cyclic stability and high rate performance. This study mainly analyzed the application effect of reduced graphene oxide coated with sea urchin-like VO2 as anode material of water zinc ion battery, so as to provide effective basis for material preparation and electrochemical performance research.

In recent years, with the development of the new generation of network information and communication technology, the internet of things, the internet of vehicles and the industrial internet technology have been booming. At the same time, many time-sensitive businesses have sprung up. The demand of these businesses for data transmission is developing towards the direction of high rate, low delay and low jitter. The current internet technology is facing great challenges. However, due to the inherent problems of forwarding mode and control management mechanism, traditional ethernet is difficult to meet the real-time, deterministic and reliability demands of time-sensitive flows. In the face of the urgent demand for the deterministic data transmission of time-sensitive businesses, time-sensitive network technology emerges at the historic moment.

In view of the disadvantages of high energy consumption, short life cycle, low throughput and no application correlation in heterogeneous WSN, a two-level clustering chain routing protocol is proposed under the heterogeneous WSN of intelligent water-saving irrigation system of ecological agriculture in Hexi Gobi. The irrigation subnets are divides into clusters according to the actual layout in the wireless network and the nodes in the cluster form the chain on the basis of the minimum distance. The two-level cluster headers in reserve are selected by rate of the remaining energy of terminal nodes in cluster vs. average energy in local region. Eventually the level clusters heads and the two-level cluster headers are chosen according to the largest ratio of the remaining energy to the distance between the terminal nodes and the base station. Results in simulation show that the proposed algorithm is superior to PEGASIS and SEP in energy consumption, life cycle and throughput.

Membrane computing is a new computing paradigm with great significance in the field of computer science. The Multi-membrane search algorithm (MSA) is proposed based on the membrane computational population optimization theory. It showed excellent performance in the test. This paper further studies the performance characteristics of a single individual (Single Cell Membrane Algorithm, SCA) of MSA. SCA can generate adaptive solution sets for problems of different dimensions. Through transcription and reprocessing rules, new weakly correlated feasible solutions are formed for global search and local exploration. This paper is based on the unimodal Sphere function and the multimodal Rastrigr function, at dim=3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 300, 500, 1000 and Q=1.00, 0.75, 0.50, 0.40, 0.30, 0.20, 0.10, 0.005, 0.025, 0.010, the SCA was optimized for 1000 iterations. Analyze the impact of the key parameter Q of SCA on the search performance of the algorithm in problems of different dimensions. The results show that under the set conditions, SCA has better performance when Q is 0.010 and 0.025 in the unimodal function test. In the multimodal function test, SCA has better performance when dim≤100 and Q≤0.200, and when dim>100 and Q≥0.200. In addition, this paper employs one engineering problem: I-beams to perform engineering tests on SCA and obtain results superior to other algorithms participating in the comparison. The test and comparison results show that SCA can also be used as a derivative algorithm of MSA, and has good performance.

【Objective】 Combining ECC and OPT, a novel elliptic curve algorithm was proposed, which can effectively resist the reverse calculation of quantum computer and ensure the security of private key. 【Method】 On the basis of elliptic curve encryption algorithm, OPT algorithm was introduced to protect the private key. 【Result】 The signature and verification of messages can be successfully completed by the repeated algorithm on Python platform. Finally, the algorithm is proved to be safe under Shor algorithm and quantum computer attack through algorithm theory. 【Conclusion】 ECC combined with OPT encryption algorithm can effectively resist reversible computation of functional quantum devices, prevent eavesdroppers from forging signatures, and ensure the security of modern public key cryptosystems.

Long-term geomagnetic data monitoring will generate a huge amount of data, and compression algorithms will be required to reduce the amount of data to save data storage and transmission expenses. To adapt to the application with limited resources, the CCSDS lossless compression algorithm is applied to geomagnetic data measurement in our work. This compression algorithm is made up of two parts: a preprocessor and an adaptive entropy coder. In this study, the unit-delay predictor is chosen as the preprocessor based on the properties of the geomagnetic signal, and the adaptive entropy coder chooses a suitable compression algorithm for geomagnetic data. A 14-hour continuous measurement was performed. The results reveal that when the block size is set to 64, the algorithm can obtain a compression ratio in the geomagnetic field of 0.269 to 0.318. Furthermore, the number of chosen encoding options for three-axis magnetic data was counted.