Table of contents

2022 2nd International Conference on Electron Devices and Applications was held virtually during May 13-15, 2022 via Zoom platform due to the pandemic of COVID-19. With a satisfactory ending of ICEDA 2021, ICEDA 2022 has been successfully held. Although the ravages of COVID-19 have prevented researchers and practitioners from sharing ideas in onsite way, benefiting from the development of information technology, all the practitioners can share what they thought and what they found via online platform. In this online platform, human ideas collide with spark.

ICEDA is designed to provide a platform for researchers and practitioners from electron devices and applications and related areas who are interested in developing, studying and using electron devices to share their research experiences and indulge in interactive discussions and communications at the event.

After strict review process, 18 papers were accepted and presented and included into conference proceedings. Many authors who come from different countries including China, Israel, Turkey, Egypt, Ireland, and Thailand proactively submitted their papers to conference committees. Based on the papers, all the researchers and practitioners can share the research fruits in electron devices. Also, attendees enthusiastically raised their questions which have been nicely answered by speakers. This conference gets unanimous praise from participants in that it facilitates the communication and dissemination of useful and insightful knowledge.

We are sincerely grateful to Advisory Committee Chair, Conference Chair, Conference Co-Chair, Program Chairs, Publication Chair, and International Technical Committees. Thanks for their generous support to ICEDA. Especially, we would like to be appreciated for technical committees and reviewers for taking time to review papers rigorously. We will try our best to make participants have fruitful discussions and share ideas freely in the platform of ICEDA.

Prof. Maode Ma

Qatar University, Qatar

List of Conference Committee is available in this Pdf.

All papers published in this volume have been reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Double Anonymous

• Conference submission management system: EasyChair

• Number of submissions received: 32

• Number of submissions sent for review: 32

• Number of submissions accepted: 18

• Acceptance Rate (Submissions Accepted / Submissions Received × 100): 56.3

• Average number of reviews per paper: 2

• Total number of reviewers involved: 17

• Contact person for queries:

Name: Letian Huang

Email: huanglt_uestc@outlook.com

Affiliation: University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China

After the isolation of the single layer graphene in 2004, which has overthrown the prediction of the two-dimensional material field, various aspects of its unique properties have been observed, including extremely high strength, carrier mobility and heat conductivity. Being the minority of nonmetallic materials with a conductive property as metals, its possible applications is much widened. Noteworthily, graphene has a zero bandgap. Although making it an excellent conductor, zero bandgap has also constrained its performance as a semiconductor. Fortunately, there are several possible ways to open its bandgap and make it behave like a semiconductor. In this study, we propose that constructing superlattices and controlling hydrostatic pressure to open the bandgap of graphene. Based on first-principles calculations, BN and MoO₂ are used to form the superlattice with graphene and 1-30 GPa pressures in the vertical direction of two-dimensional plane are applied. The results show that the pressure can affect the structures and interlayer distances of the superlattice, which further lead to a bandgap of the superlattices containing graphene. Our research shows a method that adjusting the bandgap of graphene through pressure, which is of great significance for the application of graphene in the electronic field.

Numerical investigation on hole-injection characteristics of NiO/SiC heterojunction is carried out in this paper. Theory analysis and numerical simulation both indicate the excellent hole-injection characteristic of p-NiO/n-SiC heterojunction. The pn junction diode and pnp phototransistor are constructed and simulated to evaluate hole-injection characteristics p-NiO/n-SiC heterojunction. The results indicate that the p-NiO/n-SiC heterojunction shows great potential advantage in enhancing current gain of pnp phototransistor. By using NiO/SiC heterojunction as the emitter junction, the current gain of SiC based pnp phototransistor can be increased by about 96.3 times.

Surface roughened polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers are produced by electrospinning and selective dissolution in ethanol. By electrospinning of PVA (Mw 74885) and polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP) (Mw 44000-54000) blend solution, PVA/PVP blend nanofibers with smooth, homogenous surface are prepared. Then the surface roughened nanofibers are achieved via selective dissolution in ethanol. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR) and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) result shows a complete removal of PVP from blend nanofibers. In this work, PVA/PVP is the first water-soluble polymer combination adopted to create surface roughened nanofibers by selective dissolution. Moreover, opposite to other selective dissolution schemes which removes polymers of higher Mw, this is the first time creating surface roughened nanofibers by selectively removing polymer of lower Mw successively. Through selective dissolution, rough structures appear on the ultra-fine PVA-PVP nanofibers surface. The successive preparation of surface roughened PVA nanofiber can be attributed to the mobility of PVP molecule. The method claimed in this paper is helpful for developing more types of surface roughened nanofibers in the future.

To reveal the adhesion behavior of the aggregate - asphalt interface under water-temperature coupling, the temperature field of the asphalt pavement was simulated and analyzed based on Abaqus, and the morphology of the aggregate was analyzed using the Aggregate Morphological Characteristic Measurement System (AIMS II) to investigate the adhesion behavior of the asphalt interface under water-temperature coupling. The Abaqus software was used to study the temperature distribution pattern of the pavement structure of the dependent project and to construct a regional characteristic distribution model for Zhejiang Province. On this basis, aggregate texture shaping equipment was developed, aggregate morphological characteristics were tested with the aid of the Aggregate Morphological Characteristics Inspection System (AIMS II), the water immersion weighing method was used to evaluate the aggregate - asphalt interface adhesion, and the relationship between aggregate morphological characteristics and macroscopic adhesion was established. The study shows that there is a linear negative correlation between sphericity and mass loss rate, a linear positive correlation between gradient angles and mass loss rate, and an optimum value for aggregate surface texture. Using a modified 'sandwich' pulling test, four lithologies of limestone, basalt, granite and sandstone were selected to investigate the effect of environmental factors such as water and temperature on the adhesion of the aggregate to the asphalt interface. The results showed that the interfacial bonding performance of the aggregate and asphalt increased as the heating temperature of the aggregate increased, while the interfacial bonding performance of the aggregate and asphalt weakened as the water immersion time increased. The research results have certain theoretical guidance significance for enhancing the water damage resistance of asphalt mixes.

The energy storage devices used in today's society are mainly lithium batteries. At present, the anode material of commercial lithium batteries is generally graphite. Although lithium battery has superior performance compared with other energy storage methods, it still has many problems, such as poor safety, low specific capacity, and slow charging speed. In recent years, although some researchers have proposed graphene as anode material, the results show that although graphene can partly alleviate the above problems, it cannot meet the needs of industrial and domestic applications. Therefore, we investigate the properties of MoO₂, MoS₂ and MoSe₂ as battery anode materials. These three materials have good conductivity, and anions are the same main group. The effects of anionic electronegativity on battery performance can be compared and discussed. We obtain the binding energy, diffusion barrier, voltage, stable adsorption site and corresponding charge transfer of Li on the above three materials by first-principles calculations. We find that MoO₂, MoS₂ and MoSe₂ have their own advantages and disadvantages as battery anode materials. MoO₂ has the strongest binding capacity with lithium ion and the closest adsorption degree. MoS₂ is slightly inferior and MoSe₂ has the weakest binding capacity. This feature will lead to MoO₂ having higher specific capacity and the ability to prevent lithium dendrite growth. However, considering the lower diffusion barrier, lithium ion in MoSe₂ is easier to diffuse and the charging rate of the MoSe₂ based lithium battery would be higher, while lithium ion in MoO₂ is not easy to diffuse and the charging rate could be low. In general, the three anode can improve the battery performance in different aspects, and have a wide application prospect.

Aiming to the switching characteristics of SiC optically controlled transistor, SiC NPN optically controlled transistor was investigated through Silvaco TCAD. The results show that under 4500V bias voltage, the turn-on and turn-off dV/dt of the SiC transistor are 428.5V/ns and 23.9V/ns, respectively. And the tailing problem in the turn-off process is obvious. In order to improve the switching characteristics of SiC optically controlled transistor, the minority carrier lifetime in base layer is regional controlled. The simulation results indicate that, by using minority carrier lifetime control technology, the turn-off time and turn-off dV/dt are improved by about 28.2% and 39.3%, respectively. Meanwhile, turn-on time and turn-on dV/dt are only degenerated by about 3.6% and 3.4%, respectively. The overall level of switching characteristics of SiC optically controlled transistor are improved.

In this paper investigation photocurrent of MS Schottky photodiode by using transparent electrode. The transparent material use in this investigation is indium tin oxide (ITO). Transparent electrode can help to get more photocurrent under contact due to light can penetrate though into depletion region then generate photocurrent. ITO will prepare by RF sputtering technique and investigate material characteristics such as electrical and optical properties. Optimize ITO properties after various thickness by growth sputter time show high transparent around 91.2% with low resistance 3.4x10^-3 ohm-cm. Build in voltage of device show 0.3V by same with metal contact and current under light exposure show around 1.5mA at 25,000 lux with bias -5V.

This paper presents the effect of high energy irradiation expose on metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodetectors device. High energy radiation may impact to lattice structure of semiconductor device. The most impact of radiation on MSM device had been studied base on polycrystalline silicon. Based on our research in SRFE process exposed on P-N power device, radiation will interact with device mechanism and structure that change electrical properties of device. However, MSM device show electrical properties change after irradiation exposure process by photocurrent increased around 4 times when compare with non-irradiated.

With the rapid development of modern society, the application of intelligent unmanned vehicles is becoming more and more popular. Based on the scene of unmanned vehicle patrol operation in an intelligent warehouse and simplifying it, this paper designs an image processing and perception of driving road conditions with ATM89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the core, camera, and infrared sensors to realize the detection of car trajectory. Two groups of four DC motors are set to drive, and the turning is carried out through the differential speed of the wheel motors on both sides. The turning radius and turning time are shortened through the independent control of the motors on both sides. The L298N full-bridge motor drive core is used to control the speed of the motor, to realize the accurate control of the trolley movement, and lay the foundation for the intelligent operation of the trolley in more scenarios. The accuracy of car navigation and motion control is improved through dual sensors.

Bionic robot fish have been widely used in various underwater exploration activities due to their advantages of low noise, low resistance, high flexibility and high concealment. A dielectric elastomer (DE) is a soft material that significantly deforms under the action of an electric field. It has the characteristics of large strain, flexibility, high energy density and fast response speed, which lead to its unique advantages in the actuation of bionic fish. In this paper, the actuation characteristics of a dielectric elastomer are used to design and prepare a limit-type antagonistic dielectric elastomer actuator (DEA). A BCF bionic robot fish is proposed based on the DEA, which has a maximum swimming speed of 22.7 mm/s.

Inlet air filtration of ships and coastal installations is mainly used to filter out salt aerosol particles, so researches on the inlet filter needs to simulate spray aerosol state in the marine environment. The sea salt aerosol particles have multiple sizes, thus salt aerosol generator should have the ability to produce salt aerosol particles of various diameters. This paper investigates the factors that affect the particle diameter of a salt aerosol generating device. Numerical simulations on the two-phase flow in a salt aerosol nozzle are conducted and the influence of air inlet pressure and droplet mass flow rate on the particle diameter is discovered. The results show that the particle diameter of the aerosol nozzle decreases with the air inlet pressure increasing and the droplet mass flow rate decreasing.

The Network on chip is a new communication method of System on Chip. It is the main part of multi-core technology. A large number of embedded cores can be combined on a single chip. Due to the multi-hop characteristics of communication, there are some problems in the design of traditional NoC, such as high latency and power consumption. Thus, to handle the communication problem of long-distance transmission of traditional NoC, wireless Networks on Chip (WiNoC) has been proposed. Using WiNoC to design the multi-core System on Chip can significantly reduce the latency and energy consumption of the network. The advantage of using wireless network on chip is to replace the multi-hop path of traditional network on chip with wireless single hop link. However, due to the limited space on the chip and the cost, it is very important to determine the optimal number and correct location of wireless hubs. In this paper, we propose a new method to obtain the optimum configuration of a WiNoC by using the Co-evolutionary Algorithms (CA) and a wireless NoC architecture based on mesh. This work examines the effect of VC and sub-net size on WiNoC performance efficiency and energy under different packet injection rate (PIR) and the number of cores (64, 144 and 256). The simulation experiment of the algorithm proposed in the whole architecture has been implemented on the Noxim platform.

In this paper, the main realization of car theft and alarm, the system mainly to the thief can close to the car this behavior detection to explore and design, MCU as the central control processing system, constitute a complete system with data acquisition, object analysis, results upload, alarm trigger and other functions. Through the communication port of the system for data collection and transmission, can be the distance sensor, pyroelectric sensor and other recognition acquisition module for processing, and then through the alarm module, voice module for signal output.

In order to deal with the problem of energy shortage, demand side management has attracted more and more attention. Taking demand side resources as an example to understand the regulation potential of demand side resources, this paper designs a hierarchical and partitioned dynamic regulation architecture for demand side adjustable resources, which can carry out the interconnection between multi-level subjects and efficient information interaction. The regulation potential prediction model of elastic load is established through the hierarchical and partitioned architecture, and the credible and adjustable potential of resident users under two regulation scenarios is obtained through calculation: participating in emergency load reduction and peak valley difference, which proves the effectiveness of the architecture.