Table of contents

1^st Virtual Conference on Engineering, Science and Technology (VICEST) 2020

We are glad to introduce you the proceedings of the first 1st Virtual Conference on Engineering, Science and Technology (VICEST) 2020. The 1^st VICEST 2020 addresses challenges and innovations the field of Engineering, Science, and Technology. It also provides a premier interdisciplinary platform for researchers, educators and practitioners to present and discuss the most recent innovations, trends, and concerns as well as practical challenges encountered and solutions adopted in the fields of science, engineering and technology issue related.

As we may aware, the World Health Organization officially declared the novel coronavirus COVID-19 a pandemic. Governments around the world are now issuing restrictions on travel, gatherings, and meetings in an effort to limit and slow the spread of the virus. The health and safety of the author and reseacher community is our first priority and we are supporting these efforts. Therefore, the VICEST 2020 conference was held virtually on 12-13 August 2020.

The VICEST conference is hosted by Forum Kerjasama Pendidikan Tinggi, Synthesis Publication Research Group and co-hosted by Universitas Budi Darma, Politeknik Cendana. This year, we held this flexible online conference to gather experts and scholars around the globe with the aim to continue disseminating the latest advanced research in the field of Engineering, Science, and Technology. The conference was held from Online as the host of the event. The VICEST 2020 event is virtually implemented with a model that all invited speakers are given time to present their material for about 30-45 minutes each. It then followed by a question and answer by the participants with a direct questioning system, through chat forums and Q&A forums provided by the zoom application. Overall, the conference took 6 hours.

The number of participants who joined the zoom room was recorded around 243 participants. The authors or participants are came from 12 countries, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Philippine, India, Iraq, Iran, Nigeria, USA, Vietnam, Russia, China. Indonesian Participants are come from 19 Provinces of 33 Provinces.

We are glad to share with you that around 227 pre-registered authors are submitted their work in the conferences. However, its about 147 papers are selected and accepted for the conferences. All the papers have been through rigorous review by a panel of reviewers who provide critical comments and corrections, and have contributed subtantially to the improvement of the quality of the papers to meet the requirements of International publication standard and IOP JPCS Scope.

We also want to thank the publisher for publishing the proceedings. May the readers could enjoy the gain some valuable knowledge from it. We are expecting more and more experts and scholars from all over the world to join this international event next year.

List of Chair of the Organizing Committee, Editors, Host Organizer are available in this pdf.

Peer Review Declaration Form Guidance

On the following page you will find the declaration form.

• Please answer each question.

• You should submit the form along with the rest of your submission files.

• The deadline is the submission date written in your publishing agreement.

All conference organisers/editors are required to declare details about their peer review.

We will published the information you provide as part of your proceedings.

All papers published in this volume of Journal of Physics: Conference Series have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.

• Type of peer review: Single-blind/Double-blind/Triple-blind/Open/Other (please describe)

All papers submitted were checked their similarity index using Turnitin. b. Papers have similarity index more than 25% were rejected. c. After that, the format of the papers was checked. Papers that did not follow the IOP template will be sent back to the authors for revision. d. All papers passed the similarity index and have already follow the IOP template will be sent to the reviewers. e. Reviewers reviewed the papers and give comments to the papers. f. Scientific committee decided if the papers: accepted, accepted with major revision, accepted with minor revision, or rejected. g. Author revised their papers and send back their revision h. After that editor will check again using Turnitin to make sure similarity source not more that 5% for each source in each article i. Editor will check again manual to see similarity index and source to make sure all is good

• Conference submission management system: All papers from the conference submitted using our system where each author must register first and send article through email vicest@konferensi.id

• Number of submissions received: 256 Submission were received

• Number of submissions sent for review: 227 Submission was sent for review, and the rest was rejected because out of scope, low-quality article and high similarity

• Number of submissions accepted: 147 Paper accepted based on IOP JPCS Scope and quality

• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted/Number of Submissions Received X 100): 64.7 %

• Average number of reviews per paper: 2 Times

• Total number of reviewers involved: 10 Reviewer Involved + 5 Editors, each reviewer received 8-10 papers with 2 weeks review process

• Any additional info on review process:

• Contact person for queries:

Robbi Rahim, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Manajemen Sukma, Medan, Indonesia and University Malaysia Perlis, Malaysia Email: robbirahim@ieee.org, Whatsapp +62 8126326393

Alginate is usually obtained by extracting from brown seaweed, mainly Sargassum sp which grows almost along the coasts of the islands in Indonesia. One of the efforts to utilize alginate was by employing as raw material in the production of edible film. The disadvantage of films made from carbohydrates is that they are not very good at regulating water vapor migration. One way to improve performance of edible film in inhibiting water vapor transmission is to add vegetable oil. In this study, the effect of adding basil leaf ethanol extract was observed to improve the performance of alginate-based edible film. Basil leaf extract was added at concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5%. The resulting edible films were observed for chemical characteristics (moisture content), physical characteristics (thickness, tensile strength, water vapor transmission rate, elongation, brightness, solubility) and antibacterial performance. The results showed that the concentration of basil leaf extract had a significant effect on moisture content, thickness, tensile strength, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and elongation values. Edible films do not have antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The addition of basil leaf extract at a higher concentration resulted in an alginate-based edible film with lower moisture content, higher water solubility, higher thickness, higher tensile strength, lower WVTR, and lower elongation percentage.

Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk) is a plant that is widely used as a traditional medicine for, among others, wound healing. This study aims to determine the activity of ethanol extract ointment of 70% karamunting leaves (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Aiton) Hassk) and its ability on topical healing of diabetic wounds. A total of 48 rats were divided into 6 treatment groups, namely karamunting leaf extract ointment 2.5%, 5%, and 10%, diabetic control, non-diabetic control, and honey. The data obtained were the number of inflammatory cells, the number of fibroblasts, collagen density and epithelial thickness which were observed in days 3, 7, 10 and 14 days after the making of the wound. Based on histological observations, the results showed that the application of ethanol extract ointment with 70% karamunting leaf could affect the number of inflammatory cells, fibroblasts, and collagen density as well as significant re-epithelization speed compared to diabetes controls. Of the three concentrations tested, ointment at a concentration of 10% showed comparable results to honey. It can therefore be concluded that the application of ethanol extract ointment of 70% karamunting leaves can increase the speed of healing diabetic wounds.

Teak is a type of tree that produces high quality wood. Large tree, straight trunk, can grow to a height of 30-40 m. In the developing teak parquet industry, the process of selecting raw materials is very important. This is due to the many types, types and classes of wood texture. The choice of wood texture is still widely used by human workers, most of which require a long time and the results obtained are still inaccurate. This study aims to solve the problem of quality teak grouping based on image texture by creating a computerized system or application using the K-means algorithm. With this method, it is hoped that the classification of the quality of teak can be described more easily based on the texture of the image. Based on the results of system design and testing, the application can group the quality of teak wood based on the texture and color of the image

The recommendation system is an analysis model to obtain recommendations that use filtering techniques to produce recommendations as desired. One of the prediction algorithms is Bipolar Slope One which is a development of the Slope One algorithm to predict an event. Previous studies have shown that the results of the recommendations on the Bipolar Slope One algorithm show a mismatch between the type of recommended item and the type of item that has been rated by the active user, because the rating prediction process in the Bipolar Slope One algorithm does not pay attention to the type or content of the item, but pay more attention to the similarity of rating patterns. This study uses the Content-Based Filtering method to form a profile based on the attributes of an item which will make an assessment based on the analysis of the similarity of the user profile with the vector space model. Application users get information about which culinary delights have an item profile that is expected by him. Culinary players get information about what item profile I expect by the User.

Covid 19 pandemic influences business, office activities, and education. It makes all activities are in not in normal activities as we used to do. Now we count on Information Technology to live in this pandemic era. Now to deal with it, we do Teaching and Learning activities in online mode. Not all students are used to learning in online mode. We deal with many kinds of problems in doing Teaching and Learning in Online mode. This research is to find out factors that influences the user's intention to use Online Learning or E-Learning based on Learning Management System (LMS). Factors used in this research are taken from Technology Readiness from Parasuraman combined with Technology Acceptance Method Model (TAM). Based on the evaluation result, we can conclude that Optimism variable, usefulness perception and ease of use perception in the technology. LMS has very important role in building the positive perception in LMS technology. this motivated the users to use the LMS technology. This research is done with Kuningan University students as our respondents during this pandemic time. This research contributed to previous theory about technology readiness and acceptance method in teaching and learning activity.

Forest is a unitary ecosystem in the form of a stretch of land containing biological natural resources dominated by trees in their natural environment, which cannot be separated from one another. The importance of forest preservation is based on law, namely ensuring the existence of forests in a sustainable manner while maintaining sustainability and not destroying the environment and the surrounding ecosystem. However, public awareness in preserving the forest is still lacking. Therefore, technology is needed that can provide information about forests and the impact of illegal logging in an attractive manner. Games are multimedia entertainment that is made as attractive as possible. Action games require players to concentrate and think quickly in order to avoid obstacles. Dijkstra's algorithm looks for the shortest path in a number of steps from which each step selects the minimum weighted value and enters it into the set of solutions. Dijkstra's algorithm implemented on non-player characters in a game to determine the shortest path to the target player. Games built using unity and developed using the Game Development Life Cycle (GDLC) method. GDLC is a game development process that applies an iterative approach consisting of 6 development phases, starting from the initialization or concept creation, preproduction, production, testing, beta and release phases.

English is the most widely used international language in communication and is the second language after Indonesian. English will be taught more easily and effectively to children from an early age. But it needs learning media that suits the needs of children's growth. Learning media should be fun and able to get the child moving to explore the surrounding environment. This research aims to create an English learning application by applying Tensor flow machine learning that is able to recognize objects around us and package them in a learning application in which there is a game that is able to attract the attention of children to learn English. This research was built using the RUP (Rational Unified Process) system development method which consists of 2 dimensions. The first dimension consists of dynamic aspects in development consisting of inception, elaboration, construction, and transition phases. The second dimension represents static aspects which are grouped into 4 important elements, namely who is doing, what, how, and when. The machine learning process consists of 3 stages, namely data input (object image capture), preprocessing, and the training process. The results of this study are in the form of a learning media application that can recognize surrounding objects by applying Tensor Flow-based deep learning. The application consists of 2 parts, namely vocabulary learning and a quiz for the introduction of surrounding objects. Parents have a role to be able to add names and objects to the quiz in the application. The results of the research can be used as a learning medium according to the needs of the child.

The new student admission test is a routine activity carried out by the Faculty of Computer Science, University of Kuningan every year. This activity is the start of the process of searching for qualified new student candidates. In the current system, there are interview sessions that aim to see the interests and talents of prospective students so that the majors chosen by these prospective students are right according to their interests and talents, but because they are still carried out face-to-face it results in less efficiency in terms of time. So we need an application that can provide recommendations for the right majors for prospective students of the Faculty of Computer Science, University of Kuningan efficiently. To avoid cheating in the new student admissions test, the application must be able to randomize the questions optimally by using the Fisher Yates Shuffle Algorithm. In this exam application, there are 300 multiple choice question banks that represent the competences of each department, namely questions with competency categories consisting of basic computer questions, logic, mathematics, programming languages, patterns, graphic design, business processes. The system will randomize using the fisher yates shuffle algorithm and display the randomized questions per category to the test takers. To see the level of effectiveness of the Fisher Yates Shuffle algorithm, 50 questions were randomized per category, displayed as many as 20 questions per examinee with a total of 30 iterations (for 30 exam participants). As a result, the position of the randomized questions is optimal and the time required for randomization is very efficient +0.01 seconds with the appearance rate of the most numbered questions being 3.17% so that the Fisher Yates Shuffle algorithm is one of the optimal algorithms for randomization.

The route is direction that must be taken from the starting point to the destination point. Determination of the route is usually done for a reference trip that will be taken include the distance, time or slope of the terrain to be passed. In the implementation, the determination of the route is often used by agencies and organizations operating in the open nature where the activities require special expertise that can process geographic information systems. Although the tools and technology for route determination are sufficient, they are still less effective and efficient because to know the distance, time and slope of a terrain on topographic maps are still using conventional calculations, therefore the application of route determination's topographic maps based android and applying Digital Differential Analyzer algorithm. The algorithm can be used as a line maker to display a slope picture of the field being traversed. This application was developed using the Rational Unified Process (RUP) method which has 4 stages: Inception, Elaboration, Construction, and Transition. This application can be run at least on Android platform version 4.1.

The application of information technology is a supporting instrument in the administrative process as well as the provision of useful information for all groups to improve performance, one of which is in government. Governments around the world are currently facing "pressure" from various parties to improve the quality of public services and to increase active participation in providing information for the public and it is demanded to be more effective. E-Government can expand public participation where people are allowed to be actively involved in decision-making and policies held by the government. Kuningan District is one of the sub-districts in Kuningan Regency, the obstacle that arise related to community participatory development planning is that there are still many proposals from the sub-district that the Kuningan Regency government has not approved. It needs a means to monitor the progress of its implementation, including the use of information technology to accommodate development planning proposals based on participatory and active roles of the community in the form of e-Participatory application design. This research uses Waterfall system method as system development method. The programming language used in the system is PHP programming language and its database management uses SQL. By implementing the e-Participative application, the Kuningan district government can accommodate suggestions from each village in the Kuningan district area. Besides, this research can be a material consideration for Kuningan District to synergize policies and regulations through strategic plans and development planning proposals in the Kuningan sub-district based on effective and efficient community participation.

Queue system based on Population and Civil Registry of Kuningan Regency based on android is used in the process of managing the queue so that the queue stacking can be overcome. This queuing system provides a queue number for the next few days besides that the call of the queue number screen is provided in this system so that the community can more easily install the queue so that it is not at the location. With this system, the people of Kuningan Regency are freed by the large number of queues or scattered queues, then people who are far from the office location are made easy to get a queue number without having to come to the office.

Online trading activities through mobile devices (m-commerce) are currently becoming a business trend. Online trading has contributed to making the process of buying and selling goods and services easier and more enjoyable because they are timeless and borderless though these still have negative impacts. Therefore, this study examines retail consumer's perspectives related to their readiness of using the application mobile commerce (m-commerce) in Kuningan regency. Furthermore, this study aims to examine the impact of optimism, innovation, insecurity, and discomfort on consumers' shopping intentions from mobile devices through the perceived risks and benefits. To analyze the data, this study applied Parasuraman TRI (Technology Readiness Index) Model with the dimensions of optimism and innovation as variable drivers, the dimensions of insecurity and discomfort as inhibitor variables. Meanwhile, the data was gained through survey methods, questionnaire distribution from 397 m-commerce users in Kuningan as respondents. In addition, SPSS was used to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. The result showed that the total TRI value of 3.58 (in the high technology readiness index category), the people of Kuningan Regency tend to have a high level of readiness to adopt m-commerce technology, and the user group segment is in the pioneers group (this segment tends to have high interest through the existence of a new technology, have high optimism and innovation, but at the same time they will easily stop trying if they encounter high inconvenience and insecurity.

According to Law No. 14 of 2005 in Indonesia regarding teachers and lecturers, Article 36 paragraph (1) mandates that teachers who have achievements, are extraordinarily dedicated, and/or work in a special area are entitled to receive awards. However, in determining or choosing an exemplary teacher is not as easy as imagined, this is because there are many teachers who can be used as candidate for exemplary teachers, this is certainly a difficulty for decision makers, in this case, namely the principal to determine exemplary teachers, it cannot be denied that too selection is often done not objectively due to unclear judgments. This study aims to design a decision support system using the Profile Matching method. This method was chosen because the assessment through a decision support system with profile matching has a better level of objectivity, this is done by measuring the value of each indicator of the assessment variable which is then derived again using sub-indicators and weighted using the assessment parameters then calculated using the decision-making mechanism assuming that there is an ideal predictor variable level that must be met by the subject. The output of this study is in the form of recommendations for exemplary teachers who have criteria in accordance with the criteria set by the relevant parties.

Management of patient data at the Technical Implementation Unit of the Community Health Center (UPT. Puskesmas) of Rhee Sumbawa District has not been fully computerized. The need for the development of an Information System to store medical records (history) of patient data. The research aims to develop information systems with descriptive research methods. For software development methods using Waterfall Models and built with Microsoft Visual Studio C# software and databases stored in Microsoft SQL Server software. Software testing uses Black Box Testing, which is testing software in functional terms. The results of research into digital data technology products that function to enter, change, delete data and minimize the time to find the data needed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of data management.

This study aimed to determine the performance, attitude and interactivity of Grade 11 High School learners in Earth Science before and after the Jigsaw Puzzle Mobile App when utilized as instructional material. This also gathered data on the effect of Jigsaw Puzzle Mobile App and reflections of the respondents. It was conducted at Fisheries and Marine Science High School, Iloilo State College of Fisheries Main Tiwi Campus from August to October 2018. Fifty-two (52) purposively chosen grade 11 learners were the respondents of the study. The quasi-experimental research design was used. Data were gathered using the test, guide questions, attitudinal and reflection. Data were analyzed using the mean and t-test. The result showed that there was an improvement in the performance of the learners as a whole based on their pre-test and post-test scores. The attitude of the learners before the conduct of the study as a whole, as to sex and as to track was "positive" respectively but after the study male and according to the track was "very positive" respectively while a female has "positive" attitude. The interactivity of the learners as a whole was "average", according to sex and track respectively except STEM with "high interactivity". There was a highly significant difference in the performance and the attitude of the learners before and after the jigsaw puzzle mobile app was introduced. The presence of the jigsaw puzzle mobile app in the classroom was found to be useful, enjoyable and challenging. This also let the learners develop their sense of deep concentration, critical thinking skills and psychomotor coordination.

A nurse, often shortened to nurse or med, is a person whose function is to visit patients to carry out treatment or medication. Nurses must care for and handle any patients who are undergoing treatment or patients who are sick. There are many nurses in the hospital. Each patient gets a class according to the hospital they are settled. These classes differ in terms of the facilities offered and the services they provide. For the VIP class, both excellent facilities and excellent services are needed. The nurses who care for the patients will be incredibly nervous and stressed out. Nurses working in this setting require acute levels of skill. Part of a decision support system that uses the MFEP method can determine very good or skilled nurses based on their job history. According to their training or skills, the different departments' nurses can be divided into their group.

An assistant is a person who is assigned to help with the distribution of paperwork in the office. It requires males and females on staff. The assistant is in charge of assisting the smooth functioning of these activities of the office. It is not easy to find a good assistant. For this election, I could use a set of tools that can assist me in determining whether the recommendations given should be good. The Multi-Criteria Decision-Making method can be used to provide recommendations for the selection. In this method, one of the methods is Multi-factor Evaluation Process (MFEP). Each item will be rated on a set of criteria, and the ratings will be compared for the highest rating possible. Afterward, the result will be ranked the highest. Our findings will appear after we have first considered the highest score due to the order in which the scores are generated. If vou apply the mobile network application method to the service, vou can make a smooth and fast network reception.

Every village has a site of leadership. The village head is the person who is entitled to manage the village. The person is the one that is elected to build and develop the village. The village heads will try to improve the situation of the village as well as its residents. People who have this rank have obligations and responsibilities for carrying out village activities. However, democracy is the way to accomplish the best outcomes in terms of peace, justice, and security. The decision support system using the Composite Performance Index (CPI) method functions to assess village head candidates and process them in order to get good ranking results. The most important result of the election is what the village head decides. The application of the Composite Performance Index (CPI) method is very good in determining the right person who will occupy the position of the village head.

On 2 March 2020, the Indonesian government, through President Joko 'Jokowi' Widodo, announced the first two cases of COVID-19 in Indonesia. This is the first case of COVID-19 officially confirmed in that country. Several cases have continued to increase since then. President Jokowi began issuing policies on the spread of this virus. This is different from other countries, such as Malaysia and Singapore, which responded from the previous month when the Indonesian government still stated that coronavirus does not exist in Indonesia. Our case study is to find a public opinion through social network analysis of Indonesian public policy during the beginning of the Indonesian COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020. This research implements text mining and document-based sentiments on Twitter data that is reprocessed through machine learning techniques using the Naïve Bayes method. We found negative opinions in the period more dominant by 46%, while that was 35% positive sentiment and 20% neutral. This research shows that anticipation, sadness, and anger are very dominant in the emotional analysis.

In today's education world, we must use information technology in learning during this pandemic because learning during this pandemic period is carried out online. Meanwhile, many students and teachers must continue to adapt to new learning media with different methods. Currently, there are many designs for learning methods, one of which is gamification. Gamification is one way to make learning exciting and liked by students. This study designed learning media using the Kahoot tool, which contains multimedia elements such as text, images, sound, animation, and video into evaluation questions for students to do. This method is carried out simultaneously and is limited to one part of the lesson, namely Compiling the Pantomime Text in grade 8 of Junior High School (SMP Negeri 2 Manado). Learning evaluation design is carried out to improve student learning outcomes.

Occupational health and safety management system is a system used to manage Occupational Health and Safety. The implementation of OHSMS aims to create a work environment that is free from harm or illness due to work. However, along with the development of OHS, it is not accompanied by an increase in OHS performance. It can be seen form several studies that there is no difference in OHS performance between certified and non-certified companies. Many factors affect the effectiveness of OHSMS implementation. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influence the effectiveness of the implementation of OHSMS through a systematical literature review. This study reviewed articles published between 2010 – 2020 from 4 search portals, namely: Scopus, Proquest, Science Direct, and Sage. From the result of literature search, there were 40 articles that met the criteria. The results of this study indicate that there are internal and external factors that affect the effectiveness of OHSMS implementation. Internal factors that influence the effectiveness of OHSMS implementation are management commitment, OHS leadership and policies, employee participation, OHS culture, employee morale, sufficient resources, financial performance, OHS cost allocation, company size, internal incentives, worker safety behavior, communication and consultation OHS, OHS rules and procedures, OHS promotion, integration, continuous improvement, the process of identifying hazards and risk reduction, developing and implementing OHS risk control strategies. Meanwhile, external factors include enforcement of OHS regulations, OHS support and authority, external audit certification, external incentives, pressure from customers, market competition, company image, and international trends.

As a workplace, hospitals have high hazards and risks, especially related to occupational health and safety (OHS). Therefore, to protect human resources, assets, and hospital facilities, a comprehensive system is needed to regulate the implementation of OHS in hospitals. To ensure the OHS system is implemented properly, special assessment instruments are needed. Furthermore, to develop an appropriate assessment instrument for hospital care, an analysis of the assessment elements of the hospital's Occupational Health and Safety Management System by reviewing the previous research results. Based on searches on the Science Direct, Jstor, SpringerLink, ProQuest, Sage Publication, Oxford Journal, Google Scholar, and Garuda Dikti databases, 486,132 journals were obtained. Through the evaluation of inclusion and exclusion tests, 18 literature was selected. It was found that the important elements needed in assessing the hospital's Occupational Health and Safety Management System implementation are: implementation of OHS, building and maintaining commitment, management of OHS risk, and developing skills and capabilities of hospital staffs.

The development of information and communication technology in this era is very rapid. Technology integration is a needed to facilitate the teaching and learning process in the classroom. This research aims to explore Kahoot's online platform as a medium of creative learning about the local culture for learners. The aim is so that students can get knowledge about local culture through Kahoot media. The application of Kahoot as a learning media will be designed as creatively as possible by using existing features to acquire useful knowledge. Its application is expected to improve the learning ability of learners in today's world.

The current study seeks to find to what extent mobile applications were explored in learning translation of Arabic-Indonesian by students of Arabic department at UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia. This research aimed to survey students' perceptions and attitudes towards the use of mobile applications during their course in Translation. To investigate students' perceptions and attitudes, a set of questionnaires was employed to capture their opinion. 45 students were voluntarily participated in answering the questionnaire. The participants of the study were students of Arabic department in their 3^rd year at the university. The study revealed that students demonstrated positive attitudes towardss the use of mobile applications in learning Translation. It was also found that mobile applications applied in Translation were beneficial and effective. The key benefits students' experienced were the improvement of learners' motivation to study, the increasing of learners' learning autonomy and confidence, and the encouragement of learners' opportunities to practices and self-learning.

Fuzzy logic is widely applied in various fields, such as industry, communications, etc. Fuzzy logic was developed to solve an obscure problem. The problem that arises in the production at UMKM Songket Silungkang and Songket Pandai Sikek at this time is that there is no system used as a reference in predict the amount of production that will come. Where this method can utilize demand and supply data in the past which is then processed with fuzzy stages so as to produce production figures. The government has prioritized the development of the Silungkang songket handicraft business, which is a regional specialty, in order to enter the export market. In the early stages, the priority of the regional government was to increase the production of craftsmen by facilitating coaching for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), especially those engaged in songket crafts, to continue to be developed by increasing quality and creativity. By applying the Fuzzy Inference System method in predicting the production of Songket Silungkang Kota Sawahlunto and Songket Pandai Sikek, Agam City can help several parties such as the government, micro, small and medium enterprises in making efforts to handle and make good decisions towards increasing the production of Songket UMKM in each region. and can provide a comparison of the predicted results of production for the coming period so that it can produce the optimal number of songket based on market demand.

Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are the business sector that has felt the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. With this pandemic, all business lines that became the axis of economic growth in Indonesia experienced a significant decline. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the use of the concept of customer relationship management (CRM) to increase the sales of an SME engaged in food supply services during the Covid-19 pandemic. The result of this research is the formation of a website that can help SMEs in promoting products online in order to increase sales.

The aim of this study is to develop a grouping model in order to determine the means of trade and accommodation according to the regions in Indonesia. Research can be a reference for the government to increasing the income of each region in Indonesia equally. Research data were taken from a website that provides government statistical data, namely BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik)-www.bps.go.id The solution is to use data mining techniques with clustering methods. The data test process uses the Rapid Miner software. Three clusters of mapping labels are used, namely the high cluster (K1), the normal cluster (K2) and the low cluster (K3). The results of the rapidminer processing were obtained from the centroid data for high clusters, namely ((1527), (810.4), (5865), (6655.3), (323), (315.1); the medium cluster, namely ((286), (199.591), (1327), (2240.227), (93.227), (140.955)); and the low cluster, namely (139.25), (122.5), (508.833), (919.222), (64.417), (94.444)). The cluster results show that 5 provinces are classified as high in clusters; 13 provinces are classified as medium clusters; and 16 provinces are classified as low clusters. Out of the results of the study, some 47% of areas in Indonesia still have low trade and housing facilities. With this analysis, it is hoped that the government will be able to pay more attention to regions whose revenues are still below average.

The aim of this research is to implement a decision support system where the resulting system is in the form of a recommendation for existing outcomes. Conducting research to select sunblock products. Sunblock is one of the lotions that must be used before leaving the house so that the skin can be protected from sunlight and UV rays, UV rays can have a harmful effect on the skin, therefore the skin needs sunlight protection, one of which is by using a sublock, many sunblock products on the market. The aim of this study is therefore to find the best sunblock products based on the consumer experience of sunblock users. The data obtained to complete the study were taken from the results of questionnaires distributed to sunblock users randomly located in the Simalungun district. This study uses the ANP (Analytic Network Process) decision support system, the researcher uses several criteria to complete this study, including: (H) Price, (Jk) Skin Type, (Ef) Side Effects, (Kp) Product Quality, (Ap) The rules of use, (Ktp) Product affordability and alternatives used are: (A1) Nivea, (A2) Vaseline, (A3) Wardah. The results of the study using the ANP method based on a questionnaire distributed to consumers using sunblock showed that the best recommendations for sunblock type recommended by consumers were Nivea (A1) = 7.2, Vaseline (A2) = 5.4 and Wardah (A3) = 5.07.

The aim of this research is to take advantage of data mining techniques using the Apriori sales data algorithm for agricultural equipment. This is due to the fact that the high potential agricultural sector in Indonesia has obstacles to the use of technology. Research was conducted in the district of Simalungun in a shop selling agricultural needs. Sales activities in the store continue and generate more and more data. In order to be of use to the resulting data, it is necessary to process these data with a certain algorithm that provides great benefits, in particular by maximizing the sales profits of agricultural products. Apriori Algorithm is one of the methods of data mining, the activities of which include data collection and the use of old data with the aim of finding regularities, patterns or relationships in data collection. The output of the algorithm can help future decision-makers, where one of the advantages is the rearrangement of the product layout, such as the most frequently sold products being assembled so that they are easily visible to consumers and can properly prepare stock items for the store.

The backpropagation algorithm has many training and activation functions that can be used to influence or maximize prediction results, all of which have their respective advantages and disadvantages. The purpose of this paper is to analyze one of the training functions of the backpropagation algorithm which can be used as a reference for use in data prediction problems in the form of models and best performance. The training function is the Bayesian Regularization method. This method is able to train the network by optimizing the Levenberg-Marquardt by updating the bias and weights. The research dataset used to analyze the data in this paper is Formal Education Participation in Indonesia 2015-2020 which consists of the School Participation Rate, the Gross Enrollment Rate, and the Pure Enrollment Rate. The 2015-2016 dataset is used as training data with a 2017 target, while the 2018-2019 dataset is the test data with a 2020 target. The models used are 2-10-1, 2-15-1, and 2-20-1. Based on the analysis and calculation process, the results of the 2-15-1 model are the best with an epoch of 217 iterations and an MSE of 0.00002945, this is because the epoch is not too large and has the smallest MSE compared to the other 2 models.

The Rough Set method is part of machine learning that analyzes the dataset's uncertainty used to determine the attributes of important objects (classification). This study aimed to extract information from the rough set method using the Rough Set Exploration System (RSES) application in the case of determining student graduation on time. The attributes used are Student Status (A1), Gender (A2), Grade Point Average (A3) and Graduation Status (A4). Sources of data obtained from the International Journal of Information System & Technology (IJISTECH) paper. The results of the application of the Rough Set method in determining the predictions of students who will graduate on time produce new knowledge, namely the graduation status based on the Grade Point Average. There are 3 Reductions with the 41 Rule. But overall, the attributes that affect the level of determining students who graduate on time are Student status (A) and Grade Point Average (C).

The training function used in the ANN method, especially backpropagation, can produce different forecasting accuracy, depending on the method parameters given and the data to be predicted. This paper aims to analyze the ability and performance of one of the training functions in the backpropagation algorithm, namely One-step secant, which can later be used or used as a reference in the case of data forecasting. This method is able to update the values of bias and weights according to the one-step secant method. The analysis process uses a dataset of Foreign Exchange Reserves (US $ Million) in Indonesia 2011-2020. Based on this dataset, the dataset will be divided into two parts. The training data uses the 2011-2014 and 2015 dataset as the training data target. Meanwhile, the test data used 2016-2019 and 2020 as the target test data. The analysis process uses 5 experimental architectures, namely 4-5-1, 4-7-1, 4-9-1, 4-11-1 and 4-13-1. The results of the research based on the analysis obtained the best network architecture 4-11-1 with an MSE Training value of 0.00000012, MSE testing/performance of 0.00115144 (the smallest compared to other architectures) and Epoch 343 Iterations.

The largest segment of national economic actors is the micro and small enterprises (MSEs). The research aims to analyze the number of micro and small companies in Indonesia using data mining techniques to map a cluster. The dataset used consists of three-four records of the central Statistical Bureau (SourceUrl: https:/www.bps.go.id/), composed of the micro and smaller companies in 2017-2019. The k-medoids method is the solution used in cluster mapping. The average number of small and micro enterprises for 2017-2019 is the attribute used. The numbers of clusters were determined with the Davies Bouldin Index method (DBI), where k = 2 is the best value (0.111). In accordance with the results of the cluster (k=2), the label is divided into two (high cluster (clt1) and low group) (clt2). The results of the calculation of k-medoids show that 90% of Indonesia's area is within the low class. In the high cluster are only Central Java, West Java and East Java. Accuracy, accuracy, reminder and f-measurement parameters are 100% demonstrated in the cluster test results. This mapping can be one of the foundations on which to constantly increase the number of micro and small firms, since the role of MSEs in jobs is extremely important, since it is apparent that MSEs have continued to grow considerably.

The study aimed to analyze the effect on institutional performance of lecturer satisfaction with data extraction techniques. The solution is the technique of Naive Bayes, where data is obtained through interviews and questionnaires conducted in one of the private institutions in the north-sumatra of Medan. The evaluation criteria are readiness, compassion, reliability and accountability. The tests indicate that the level of accuracy is 85.48% with 81.08% precision, and 93.75% recall value. The Naïve Bayes method can also be recommended to predict the degree of satisfaction of the lecturer with institutional performance based on the results of tests using fast miner software.

The aim of this study was to examine the technology for decision support in the selection of baby cream products for sensitive skin in children under three years of age. Babies' skin sensitivity should be addressed in order to maintain the baby's skin health, but parents should be more careful with product selection in the number of products to treat sensitive skin in babies on the market. Data sources obtained through random observations, interviews and questionnaires (parents who have babies). The solution provided is the Preference Selection Index (PSI) method, which is part of the support system for decision making. Five criteria are used as parameters when selecting sensitive skin product for children, namely: price (K1), type of skin (K2), feeling of brand (K3), interests (K4) and packaging (K5). While the alternatives used based on the interview results are cussons (alt1), johnson's (alt2), zwitsal (alt3), pigeon (alt4), and sleek (alt5). The results of the Preference Selection Index could be used by analysis of the first recommendation of product alt1 (cussons), a value of 0.978584. The second recommendation of product alt3 (zwitsal) is a value of 0.976655. Research results are hoped to provide a wider awareness for babies when selecting sensitive skin products for three years old.

The objective of the research was to analyze the clustering method by optimizing Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in the case of measles immunization for children under the age of 5. The research data source used is the North Sumatra Province Central Bureau of Statistics (https://sumut.bps.go.id/). The data used in 2019 included 33 records with variables BCG, DPT-HB3/DPT-HB/Hib3, CAMPAK (MEASLES + RUBELLA), POLIO 4 and HEPATITIS B. The methods used were k-medoids and PSOs. This method is used to determine the value of the Davies Bouldin Index (DBI) before the cluster value is determined (k). The resulting k values were compared to k-medoids without PSO. The best results of k-medoid and PSO will be tested by classification to see the accuracy value of the cluster formed. The results showed that the optimization of k-medoids and PSO was better with the number of clusters (k = 5) than 0.078. (DBI). The results also show that the accuracy of the cluster formed is 95% with a correlation of 0.98.

Edge detection is at the forefront of image processing for object detection, so a good understanding of edge detection algorithms is essential. This paper aims to analyze the ability of combined edge detection methods to identify images, through a comparison of two different edge detection methods, namely the combination of Sobel and Prewitt (Sobel+Prewitt) with Roberts and Canny (Roberts+Canny). The analysis process uses a dataset of Passion Flower Images obtained from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Plant Database, Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). The Image dataset was obtained using a Nikon Coolpix 995 camera, JPG format with a resolution of 128×192 pixels. Based on the analysis and testing, the results of the research using the combined edge detection technique of Roberts and Canny resulted in better image identification accuracy compared to Sobel and Prewitt. The average accuracy was 92.84% versus 68.75%.

Rough Set is a machine learning method capable of analyzing dataset uncertainty to determine essential object attributes. At the same time, genetic algorithms can solve estimates for optimization and search problems. Therefore, this study aims to extract information from the rough set method with genetic algorithm parameters using the Rosetta application in heart failure cases. The research dataset was a collection of Clinical Heart Failure Record Data obtained from the UCI machine learning repository. There are 13 attributes contained in the dataset. Still, two features are removed, namely sex and time. It becomes 11 to reduce the amount of time and memory needed and make data easier to visualize, and help reduce irrelevant features. This research produces eight reducts and 77 rules based on the 20 sample data used. This study concludes that the use of genetic algorithm parameters can optimize the standard rough set method in generating rules.

The use of the edge detection method in an image will produce the edges of the image object. The goal is to mark the part that becomes the image's detail and fix the point of the blurred vision, which occurs because of an error or the effect of the image acquisition process. This study aims to see the combination of the Prewitt and Canny methods in detecting the edges of the inverted image. The image dataset used is a bonsai image consisting of 10 typical images, and ten bonsai images reversed based on the standard image dataset. The research dataset was obtained from the Caltech 101 website http://www.vision.caltech.edu/Image_Datasets/Caltech101/ with an image size of approximately 200×300 pixels. Based on the analysis of 10 experiments that have been carried out, the combination of the Prewitt and Canny methods can perform edge detection quite well with an average accuracy of 78.90% and an error rate of 21.10%. Thus it can be concluded that these methods combine to yield a reasonable level of precision, though the extent is very limited.

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning algorithms were used to identify the coronavirus (COVID-19) from X-ray photos of the chest. The authors propose a model for early coronavirus detection based on image filtering strategies and a hybrid feature selection model in this analysis. Traditional statistical and machine learning methods are used to derive these attributes from CT images. The Confusion Matrix for infected COVID-19 patients and regular patients was obtained using Support Vector Machine and K-Nearest Neighbor to classify the features chosen. The output of the two approaches can be compared. The various techniques' performance shows that the Support Vector Machine achieves the highest precision of 97% compared to the K-Nearest Neighbor with a precision of 86%.

RESTful is an emergent architectural style to develop web services/applications due to its lightweight nature. Though more and more organizations are adopting RESTful services, when it comes to choosing the right platform to implement one, teams usually gravitate towards reusing the existing skillset and prefer the platform that they currently support instead of looking for a better performing alternative. Considering that internal architecture and implementation of each platform can drastically affect its efficiency and performance, the objective of this research paper is to assess and compare the performance of RESTful web applications implemented in Spring Boot Java and MS.NET Core. An identical business use case to provide the basic four Create, Read, Update, and Delete (CRUD) operations was developed in both implementations. Apache JMeter 5.2.1, an automated performance testing tool is used in this experiment to create a swamp of concurrent virtual users to load both the applications at regular intervals. The comprehensive experimental results are presented at the end of the research paper.

Security is an important issue in the Internet of Things networks. Conventional security solutions do not have great value on the IoT network because of many special elements of this system. The article introduces new innovations in security solutions, building comprehensive security systems for the IoT network by combining multiple lightweight encryption methods, installed on layers, against attacks, exploit common basic information. The system is built to ensure the feasibility, confidentiality, efficiency, cost, and balance with the low energy system on the IoT network. This study is implemented on vulnerable layers of IoT, indicating the results after comparing and evaluating different experimental models and scenarios.

Determining the route of vehicles in logistics has a vital function for logistics companies to reduce the total cost of distribution costs. One of the exciting problems in determining vehicle routes is the green vehicle routing problem with time windows (GVRPTW). This study aims to propose the Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm to solve the GVRPTW problem. This problem's objective function is to minimize the total cost of distribution, which involves the total cost of fuel and late delivery costs. The ABC algorithm is applied to a case study of an Indonesian distribution company. Thirty customers and one distribution center were considered in this study. The results show that the ABC algorithm can minimize the total cost of distribution. In addition, the proposed algorithm produces a competitive total distribution cost compared to the nearest neighbor procedure.

The paper explores factors affecting the Engaging Commitment of employees. Data used in the study was collected by CJ CGV Vietnam Company Limited in Ho Chi Minh City in 2021 through a survey of 160 employees. The research results of this paper use the optimal choice by the AIC algorithm for Engaging Commitment (ECO) showed that 02 independent variables Promotion opportunity (PO) and Team Work (TW) have a positive impact on Engaging Commitment (ECO). The impact level of these 2 variables on the dependent variable Engaging Commitment (ECO) in descending orders as follows: Team Work (0.4754), Promotion opportunity (0.1231). We also give conclusions for this paper based the research results.

There has been extensive use of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in safety-critical applications. Presently, GPUs are the most prominent and dominated DNN accelerators to increase the execution speed of CNN models to improve their performance as well as the Latency. However, GPUs are prone to soft errors. These errors can impact the behaviors of the GPU dramatically. Thus, the generated fault may corrupt data values or logic operations and cause errors, such as Silent Data Corruption (SDC). unfortunately, soft errors propagate from the physical level (GPUs) to the application level (CNN model). This paper analyzes the reliability of the AlexNet model to identify which part of the model more vulnerable to the soft error. To achieve this, we injected the AlexNet run on top of NVIDIA's GPU, using the SASSIFI fault injector as the major evaluator tool. The experiments demonstrate a high reduction from 9.3 % to 0.00% SDCs errors in STORE and 5.0 % to 0.00% SDCs errors in GPR in Im2col. While Add_bias kernel instructions STORE and GPR the errors reduced from 0.8 % to 0.00% and 1.2 % to 0.1% SDCs error respectively.

The article is devoted to the formulation of a strategy for studying immersive technologies in the professional training process of future designers. To formulate the strategy, we reviewed current research in the field of design education on the use of augmented or virtual reality. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, the features of implementing the study of immersive technologies in the process of professional training of designers are described. There were reviewed educational programs of leading Ukrainian and foreign higher educational institutions in the specialty "design" using SWOT analysis. The strategy for studying augmented reality technology is formulated on the example of the educational program "Graphic Design". Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that immersive technologies can be successfully implemented in higher education institutions with a developed infrastructure, qualified personnel and students with sufficiently developed multimedia competence. The future prospects of the study are connected with the conduction of an experimental study in order to find out the effectiveness of applying the proposed strategy for the implementation of immersive technologies on the example of the educational program "Graphic Design".

This article aims to re-identify government management performance appraisal indicators/index by highlighting publications in public libraries from years 2005 to 2020. The research used Scopus citation database over 15 years to collect articles. The keywords used in this study is "good governance" and "governance index" with english document filter. Simple statistical methods were used, and a bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOS-viewer software. This study visualized patterns of the co-occurrence of keywords, citations of documents, and primary keywords mapping. The study revealed trend in the analysis of governance measurement is increased significantly from 15 years ago. In the origin aspect of the country that conducts the publication dominated by developed countries and some of the developing countries. Based on the network visualization is seen a large cluster that hosts the concept of governance index known that the dominant economic aspect as the background of its presence, then there are also keywords related to the role of government and concepts in the organization. Many government performance index are conducted qualitatively or quantitatively, but no one has used the bibliometric method to re-identify the keywords that are consistent with the development of the concept of government performance itself.

The purpose of this research is to design a database system implemented on an academic management android application that will be utilized to support the academic management information system for the advancement of institutions and education systems. The method in this study is to perform a design consisting of a proposed design to be implemented in applications such as online study materials, notifications, academic calendars and online reminder checks, online attendance records, performance records, and parent intimacy systems using Android applications. The system helps teachers to attend via smartphone and keep student records for their progressive assessments. The system provides prior intimacy to students as soon as their attendance is below the attendance threshold specified in the form of SMS. The result of this study is an android-based student attendance management application at an Educational institution.

This study aims to provide students with a special understanding of material magnitude and measurement by utilizing augmented reality. The method in this research utilizes natural feature tracking-Multi Marker Target, as well as system development model namely ADDIE model consisting of Analysis, Design, Develop, Implementation, Evaluate. As well as using the Fast Corner algorithm. The research resulted in an application in the form of displaying 3D objects of layer magnitude and measurement. The designed UI is as attractive as possible for use in students. The application can run well on android operating system. The results of this study obtained the response of students got an average score of 81.87% with the category "Excellent", so this media deserves to be used as a learning medium based on augmented reality in the field of Material Physics Magnitude and Measurement.

This study aims to predict Covid-19 data in Indonesia using LSTM machines learning and GRU using python. As a comparison, two datasets from other countries which have strong correlation were used. The dataset is of the ourworldindata.org page. The results of the LSTM model with epoch 15, RMSE 68,417 require rapid processing time and better accuracy than GRU with epoch 400, RMSE 90,173. The results from Covid-19 data processing in Indonesia have a robust correlation with Covid-19 data in Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cape Verde, Curacao, Slovenia, South Africa, and Thailand. The epoch characteristics of LSTM and GRU are a challenge since the amount of Covid-19 data is relatively minor.

The Plant Conservation Agency (PCA) in processing plant data is very much needed for identification speed. So that if the data is needed quickly, the time needed to perform the data search process will be even faster. In this data processing, there are several categories which will be divided based on the rights of the user who uses this application. The first category is user data processing for admin, garden collection data processing for operators, plant collection data processing for operators, and plant registration data processing for operators. All categories can be entered by users who are permitted to use this plant data processing system. The system development method used is the Sequential Linear Waterfall Model. Design concepts using structured concepts. The results of the alpha testing of this plant data processing system are that a functionally built system can produce output as expected, and for the results of beta testing of the plant data processing system that was built this is a plant data processing system that is made to process plant data and plant development data, plant data processing systems that are created can display plant data in PCA quickly, plant data processing systems can make plant data reports in PCA

This research aims to examine the factors that influence the use of go-pay among college students. An extended UTAUT is used as a basic framework for understanding these factors. A total of 217 students using go-pay are selected as the research respondents. The data are collected using a questionnaire. The questionnaire is distributed via Google form online. Multiple regression analysis data method is used to analyze the data. The results show that the use of go-pay among students is only influenced by behavioral intention and facilitation conditions. The students use go-pay as a payment instrument because their gadgets support the use of these features. The next findings indicate that habit, perceived financial risk, and perceived trust are not proven to be predictors of the use of go-pay by the students.

This paper exposed based on a concern about the very good tourism potential, but still not managed under market conditions. The development and management of digital tourism has become a building block for a competitive tourism destination, including the development of a tourist village. Super-priority tourism destination development, must employ a smart concept in ICT and eco-tourism development. Expert Judgment, through a number of focus groups, is used to formulate the best-adapted digital transformation strategy in the tourism village, using qualitative methods and Focus Group Discussion on Village Stakeholders. The results show that building blocks for smart tourism village development are the digital skills of stakeholders as well as financial, digital infrastructure and mentoring support, Tanjung Bunga Village should follow four stages of development: increasing digital literacy, building e-business, setting up e-commerce and building up e-commerce.

Smart grid and smart metering technologies allow residential consumers to monitor and control electricity consumption easily. The real-time energy monitoring system is an application of the smart grid technology used to provide users with updates on their home electricity consumption information. This paper aims to forecast a month ahead of daily electricity consumption time-series data for one of the real-time energy monitoring system named beLyfe. Four separate multistep Long Short Term Memory LSTM neural network sequence prediction models such as vanilla LSTM, Bidirectional LSTM, Stacked LSTM, and Convolutional LSTM ConvLSTM has been evaluated to determine the optimal model to achieve this objective. A comparison experiment is performed to evaluate each multistep LSTM model performance in terms of accuracy and robustness. Experiment results show that the ConvLSTM model achieves overall high predictive accuracy and is less computationally expensive during model training than remaining models.

Elliptic curve cryptography is one of the most efficient public-key cryptosystems compared to the Rivest-Shamir-Addleman scheme. One of the methods to compute elliptic curve scalar multiplication is division polynomials which utilize the non-linear recurrence relation also known as the elliptic net. Previous studies were related to elliptic curve scalar multiplication via elliptic net which implemented the use of C++, GP/PARI or Java programming. This study aims to implement the Python programming in the SageMath compiler for computing elliptic net scalar multiplication based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology curve of the type P-192. The implementation could be seen at three main processes which are the scalar decomposition, the blocks of elliptic net generation namely the initial and final blocks, as well as scalar multiplication computation. The base point and prime field of the short Weierstrass curve with a large scalar are the parameters used in the process. The results showed that the implemented programming was easier while working with a large prime number field, vulnerable to errors and can be easily verified. The implemented programming can also be used to compute scalar multiplication on other standardizations of elliptic curve cryptography such as Brainpool 384-bit prime field or NUMS 256-bit prime field curves.

High Dynamic Range (HDR) images capturing, and reproduction have been an essential area to investigate by researchers, especially after the escalating acceleration in computers processing capabilities and the widespread of digital cameras. In this paper, parallel components of HDR algorithm are employed using field programmable gate array (FPGA) to produce HDR image. The implementation involves different pre-processing stages to separate images, color matrices, and then group the similar colors to perform a series of arithmetic operations. In consequence, the algorithm has inherited parallelism to exploit so that the FPGA provides parallel computational speed. The algorithm is implemented using Simulink and ModelSim-Altera MATLAB software to produce the response curve and HDR color components signals. After preforming the tone mapping, the results show that the HDR image provides much greater details and a truer color.

Information freshness is an indicator of the timing of a status update which is of utmost significance for many real-time applications, such as connected vehicles, autonomous vehicles, and sensor networks. The age of information (AoI) metric is useful for quantifying the information freshness for messages delivered to the entities concerned. In this paper, we averaged the peak AoI (PAoI) over time for each vulnerable road user (VRU) in the network with a proposed algorithm namely, priority-based push-out last-generated first-served (PPLGFS) strategy, for safety-critical usage cases to address the issue of maintaining timely VRU status updates across all nearby connected vehicles. A multi-VRU system that supports the cellular network is assumed in which status updates arrive and should be transmitted over the network to the intended vehicle. We model the worst-case information freshness (i.e., PAoI) for VRU-destination vehicle links, using a queuing model with the proposed algorithm to manage the packets on arrival. It gives priority messages which have arrived recently, and blocks stale packets to avoid wasting network resources for the transmission of old information. Results show that the proposed algorithm used with PAoI gradually achieves a better performance than other queuing models as the packets arrival rate increases. Besides, it also enhances the maintenance of timely VRU status updates in the intended vehicle.

In selecting suppliers, one approach that can be used to solve this problem is Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). MCDM involves several criteria with both quantitative and qualitative assessments. This research attempts to solve the Green Supplier Selection (GSS) problem by using the integration of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Multi-Objective Optimization On The Basis Of Ratio Analysis (MOORA). AHP is used as the weighting of the GSS criteria and sub-criteria. Furthermore, MOORA is used to rank the best suppliers. This research was conducted in the textile industry in Indonesia. Eight criteria and 15 sub-criteria GSS are used to select eight suppliers. The results show that the product price has the most excellent weight in supplier selection. In addition, the AHP-MOORA method can be used in solving GSS problems.

The autoclave is one of the tools used for the sterilization process. If it is used as medical equipment in a hospital, according to the laws and regulations, it must have a certificate of proper use. Currently, autoclave calibration is carried out analogously by testing bacterial growth on spore strip paper. This research is part of the autoclave innovation and aims to create a process design for recording history data on the sterilization process. Data recording uses the data logger method recorded onto the SD Card memory media to record parameter values every second. Program commands are written in C language and run on the Arduino Mega 2560 microprocessor module. The autoclave temperature was detected by the RTD PT100 sensor, and the pressure inside the autoclave was detected using the MPX5700AP sensor. The recording was done in real-time using the DS3231 Real Time Clock (RTC) timer. The research results are to analyze the autoclave condition in more detail in order to obtain the eligibility status and facilitate the calibration process.

Palm oil has become the most widely used vegetable oil in the world. The first physical task of the planting area is the preparation of the oil palm plantation field. Oil palm plantations necessitate land suitability research to assess if the land is appropriate and profitable. Crop production more competitive when a future land potential is assessed. Farmers' lack of understanding of the nature of the field and the varieties of fruit to be planted renders determining their land's suitability difficult. This study aims to develop a decision-support system for oil palm land suitability based on multicriteria analysis using the Preference Rating Organization Method for Enrichment Assessment (PROMETHEE) method. This method works by performing calculations based on the properties of each criterion. Based on seven metrics, alternative eight was determined to be the best location, with a net flow of 0.2143, accompanied by alternatives 1 and 6. Alternative seven, with a net flow of - 0.1786, was the least suggested.

Currently, data mining is being needed in various fields to obtain analysis results from certain aspects that are needed. One of the fields that make use of data mining is education. The education sector uses data mining to determine the level of performance or achievement of its students. With data mining, the education sector can also evaluate student achievement and take the next step in increasing that achievement. Data mining in education is also known as Educational Data Mining (EDM). In this study, the theme discussed was the prediction of student learning habits and steps that could be taken to improve student achievement at the university. In this study, three (3) classification algorithms were used, namely Multilayer Perceptron, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine. This is done to find the best results from each algorithm.

In the present, data mining can be applied in various fields. One of them is the field of education. By applying data mining in the field of education, education providers can make an analysis of students in their schools. Schools can predict student achievement, make assessments of students more thoroughly, and can also predict students' interests and talents. This study will discuss the prediction of student learning habits and the prediction of student achievement in order to find out the right steps to take afterwards. In this study, two (2) classification algorithms were used, namely J48 and NaiveBayes. This is done to find the best results from each algorithm.

This exemplary election is a person who becomes a role model/role model for a particular role, where the behavior is followed by other employees. The importance of developing behavior and work culture in the fields of professionalism, integrity, and honesty of the District Court is the basis for the Chairperson of the Tanjungbalai District Court in making an exemplary selection program. In terms of selecting the best candidate, manual methods are still less effective. For this reason, the use of the Technique method for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) in decision support systems in exemplary selection is more effective, to assist management in making decisions. In this research, the criteria used are professionalism, integrity, honesty, responsibility, discipline where the final result of the highest score will be used as a decision in the choice of exemplary leadership.

Language is a communication tool that is used as interaction with others. The use of indigenous languages is decreasing and erasing over time. Lampung script is a script that becomes the identity of the province of Lampung. However, only a few native Lampung residents who know the Lampung script and the younger generation often write Lampung in Latin letters because it is considered easier. This study uses Optical Character Recognition to recognize Lampung characters in image images using a smartphone. This study uses the Pixel Population Matrix feature extraction to extract the characteristics of the characters. The distance calculation for each test character and database uses Manhattan Distance and is classified using K-Nearest Neighbor with the value of k is 3. The results of the character recognition process can be translated into Indonesian. Testing this application is done by taking image samples with several conditions. The script image tested is in the form of a screenshot image of printed writing with random fonts, a handwritten photo image, a screenshot image with a combination of several words and a photo image with a smaller size and random slope. The test results according to these conditions obtained an average percentage of success of 91.49%.

In artificial intelligence lectures at STMIK Royal, lecturers give lectures directly to students. In the implementation of these lectures, there is less variety so that students feel bored and the expected learning objectives are less than optimal. So that a broader knowledge is needed in providing lectures with learning methods to students properly and successfully. In selecting the effective learning method in this study using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, because this method is able to analyze using a number of criteria and selected alternatives. This research method by comparing the matrix with several criteria and alternatives from the results of filling out the questionnaire. This study produces several alternatives in a ranking, namely indirect learning strategies, interactive learning, independent learning and direct learning.

The paper tested the factors which influenced the choice of university. Survey data were gathered from 318 students studying at Ho Chi Minh City Industrial University, Vietnam. In the sense of education in Vietnam, the study model was suggested from the university choice studies. We used the PLS-SEM algorithm in Adanco software for analyzing statistics. PLS-SEM algorithm shows that university choice (LC) has been influenced by the University Choice's five components including Future career expectation (DU), University Reputation, Enroll opportunity (CH), Individual capacity (NL), and Group references (NTK). University Characteristics (DD) and Communication (TT) at university were not influenced University Choice of Student.

Assessing the progress of lectures ensures the involvement of lectures in the exercise of science dissemination by research, education, and community service. That job affects the performance of lecturers at universities throughout the country. The performance of lecturers is evaluated regularly because of the vast number of evaluation attributes. Manual assessment can take time and cannot be carried out. In the evaluation of lecturer's outcomes, a decision support model is needed to facilitate decision making. This study applies the preference ranking organization method for enrichment assessment (PROMETHEE) as a decision model in Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) and Geometric Analysis for Interactive Aid (GAIA) as a geometric analysis in determining lecturer performance. This analysis resulted in the maximal value of an alternative of 2 with Phi 0.2333, followed by 1 and 3 alternatives. These results suggest that alternative 2 is the best way to assess the performance of lecturers as the main indicator. Alternative 3 is the least recommendable alternative because of its lowest precision on the basis of visualization results.

The research was carried out aimed at solving problems in selecting the best administrative staff at the Vita Insani Hospital. This problem is overcome by designing a decision support system that is able to help decision makers to select the best administrative staff. This DSS was designed using the Elimination Et Choix Traduisant La Realite (ELECTRE) method. From the results of this study it is concluded that the Electre method is very appropriate to use as a decision support tool where the best alternative is the Vita_staff_001 administrative staff which eliminates other alternatives by having a value of 1 as much as 3 which is more than the value of 1 for the other alternatives.

PPA (Academic Achievement Improvement) scholarship acceptance Institut Teknologi Del is open annually for students who have improved academic performance but are economically disadvantaged. Every year there is significant increasing of the number of students to apply for the scholarship. As a result, it becomes more difficult to determine students who are entitled to receive the PPA scholarship since the procedure was done manually. As a result, the selection time needed to produce a decision is longer. In response to this, the authors propose the implementation of Genetic Algorithms and Fuzzy Logic in determining scholarship recipients as well as using data from the Institut Teknologi Del Information System (CIS) using student data of 2016, 2017 and 2018. The data obtained is done by data pre-processing, then being input into the system. In the system the state has been set with CR = 0,9, MR = 0,1 and fuzzy parameters will be used. Following the genetic algorithm stages of population initialization, fitness evaluation, selection, crossover, mutation, and elitism, the fuzzy logic process is carried out in the form of fuzzyfication, inference and defuzzyfication. After the fuzzy process is completed, 10 scholarship recipient student data are obtained. Since the results of the membership function provided by the genetic algorithm always changed, it caused different result in each experiment. Four data similar to the original data of the scholarship recipient was finally shown in the 37^th experiment from the total of 50 experiments carried out.

The research was conducted to overcome the problem of selecting a location for the opening of a new branch of the Murni Sadar English Course. The increasing need for the community to learn English has made Murni Sadar English Course to expand and open a branch of English courses in a new location. This problem is overcome by designing a support system that functions to help facilitate the selection of new branch locations. This DSS is designed using the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method using 5 criteria: population density level, access to locations, crowd level, rental costs, and population income. From the results of this study it is concluded that the ARAS method is very appropriate to be used as a tool in decision support where the best alternative location is Patuan_Anggi_Street with an alternative value of 0.1778.

Understanding the research trend in the elementary education level is essential for future research directions that could strongly contribute to the educational field. The purpose of this research was to analyze the research trend in elementary education level in Indonesia. Bibliometric and content analysis was applied to answer the research questions. The data source of this study was articles published by Indonesian Journal that accredited by the science and technology index (SINTA). In order to maintain the credibility of the data, we were selected the journal article only for those published in Journal with SINTA level 2 during the period of 2017 to 2019. The bibliometric analysis was conducted using the VOSviewer program. Moreover, the content analysis was conducted using unitizing-sampling-recording-reducing-inferring-and narrating. The finding of our study describes the research trend in Indonesia based on aspects: 1) researcher network; 2) topic; 3) method; 4) subject; 5) research location; 6) data collection; and 7) analyses. Therefore, as our recommendation, there is a need for elementary education researcher to conduct their study that drives to the research trend as we reported.

This study aims to determine the mathematical creative thinking abilities Level in the high mathematical creative thinking disposition category for each gender difference. This research is qualitative research using a qualitative descriptive method conducted at SMK Pertiwi Kuningan. This study describes mathematical creative thinking abilities of mathematics learning by collecting descriptive data obtained from the classification dispositions of mathematical creative thinking categories, creative thinking abilities test questions, and valid and reliable interviews. The research subjects chosen were four students from 57 students. The research subjects were two male students and two female students who had creative abilities, and the highest test scores were in the high mathematical creative thinking disposition category. Data analysis was performed with the stages of data collection, reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results showed that male and female students in the high mathematical creative thinking disposition category have creative abilities that fulfill the aspects of flexibility, fluency, and elaboration. Flexibility and fluency aspects have an average score with very good criteria. Then, there are differences in the elaboration aspect, where the average score of female and male students are 3.9 and 3.4, respectively. It shows that the difference is not significant, namely 0.5, which indicates that female students are better at the elaboration aspect. Even so, male students also fulfill the elaboration aspect, wherein the very good criteria both. However, male and female students did not satisfy the originality aspect. The creative ability can be reached by having a high mathematical creative thinking disposition. Therefore, the teacher must be able to instill a high mathematical creative thinking disposition in mathematics learning. The high mathematical creative thinking disposition makes students flexible, fluent, and thorough in solving mathematical problems.

Generally, mathematical communication skills are still facing the problems. This is based on the results of the PISA study and some previous research results. The problem that occurs is that students are still not quite right in using mathematical symbols, the use of graphs and tables as well as the ability to explain arguments mathematically is still low Mathematical communication skills are needed and can be used in solving problems. Research aims to describe the improvement of students' mathematical communication skills through the application of problem solving integrated Think Pair share (TPS) in mathematics. This research is an experimental research with two design pretest-posttest group. The instrument consisted of test instruments. The data analysis of the results of the study used the t-test. The results of the study obtained a t count of 9,143 when it is compared to the table with a value of 1,708. The significant value is 0,000 <0.05 so that Ho is rejected or the Think Pair Share (TPS) integration problem solving learning model can improve students' mathematical communication skills.

The main problem is elementary school students who have negative perceptions of mathematics. The purpose of this study was to analyze the causes of the emergence of negative perceptions and positive perceptions of students towards mathematics subjects. This type of research is a qualitative study with research subjects of elementary school students. The instrument used was an interview. Data analysis used three steps namely: reduction, data presentation, data verification. The results of this study noted that students who have a positive perception of mathematics are caused by two main factors, namely teacher factors related to competence and internal factors of students in the form of interest or motivation. Students like mathematics because they feel the subject matter will be useful for themselves to be used in everyday life. The results of this study are very important as information and input for educational providers in elementary schools, especially for mathematics teachers who directly interact with students in the learning process.

Chronogram is a method to represent year by using a phrase. It is known in some cultures in the world, including Indonesia. Not only to record years, chronogram also be used as an encryption code in ancient cryptography. The present study aims at explaining the chronogram practiced in old Bali and Java traditions called Candrasengkala. Specifically, this is an ethnomathematics case study to understand how indigenous people of Bali and Java, two closely related cultures in Indonesia, practicing their ancient chronogram. To gain the data, we employed literature review and expert interview method to deeply learn the relation and arrangement among the numbers in Candrasengkala. The collected data were analysed qualitatively using descriptive method. From the analysis, it was found that Bali-Java chronogram performed a unique place value system. It means the represented year in Candrasengkala is written in ascending (unit-tens-hundreds-thousands) rather than descending (thousands-hundreds-tens-unit) order which is commonly used nowadays.

Technology learning media has been used in learning mathematics in junior high school. The aim of this study is to describe the responses of junior high school students toward the use of technology learning media. This type of research is a survey study. Participants were 100 junior high school students. Data collection techniques using open-ended questionnaires. Data were analysed using descriptive quantitative method. The gathered data were classified into advantages and disadvantages category to explain how the participants react to their experience in using technology learning media in mathematics classroom. The results showed that the students gave positive responses towards the use of learning media in mathematics classroom since it is interesting, helpful and increased the technology literacy of the students. However, some also reported that the use of media could be difficult, especially the one which asking for internet access, decrease the use of textbook and limit their interaction with classmate. Also, looking too long to the screen can be dangerous for the eye's health. The findings indicate that their learning style influenced students' responses. Different styles lead to varying perceptions of the use of learning media in studying mathematics.

Mathematics teacher must have a good basic mathematics comprehension such as number sense and spatial reasoning before teach it to the students. Those ability will help a person to solve mathematical problems effectively. The aim of this study is to describe how number sense and spatial reasoning was used to solve mathematical problems. This research is a qualitative-descriptive research with 27 of second year pre-service mathematics teachers as a participant. Subject were selected using purposive sampling by conducting number sense ability test. The one with good number senses abilities were given advanced test related to spatial reasoning. The result of this research shows that pre-service mathematics teacher with good number sense ability can solve the given problems correctly. Subjects can flexibly conduct mental calculation, mathematical computation, and create various number representation accurately and are able to create efficient problem-solving strategy by combining mental rotation and spatial visualization within the process.

The Inquiry model supports physics learning in schools, especially in high school because it used the scientific method. The purpose of this study was to analyze the improvement of students' critical thinking skills by implementing inquiry using Bima's local potential. The Research method was a quasi-experimental with one-group-pretest-posttest control group design. The instruments used learning plan, student worksheets, and evaluation questions. All instruments had been validated by experts and practitioners. Students were invited to conduct physics investigations by understanding the local potential around. Some of Bima's local potentials that became the topic of this research were making of salt from sea water, the traditional of Bima sarong (Tembe Nggoli), and the Timbu cooking process. Through learning raised from everyday life, it was expected to be able to improve students' critical thinking skills. The results showed an increase in students' critical thinking skills through inquiry learning using Bima's local potential. The improvement of students' critical thinking skills was mostly in the low category, namely 52% (high category), 40% (medium category), and 8% (low category).

Enhancing technology be able to create each field easier with no exception in the field of Education. There are a lot of learning media making teaching and learning process work well. One of the media is a virtual media used to do physics experiments. The present study aimed to examine the effect of virtual physics experiments on students' mastery of concepts based on learning styles. The quasi-experimental study held at one of the state senior high schools in West Nusa Tenggara Province. This study used only a posttest control group design. The research sample consisted of two groups, an experimental and a control with 58 respondents consisting of cluster random sampling techniques. The results showed that virtual experiments affect the mastery of the student concepts with auditory and kinesthetic learning style trends, whereas students who have a visual learning style tendency did not affect.

This paper attempt to offer research digest of ethnography as a way of seeing which perceive having interrelated with Anthropology. Human being associated to culture, ethics and moral, aesthetic, value, and so on, these are considered as arts. As I perceive an outstanding feature of ethnography as a way of seeing spontaneously bond with arts, so I afford to provide an insight example of ethnography and provide an inspiring a way of employing ethnography to describe phenomena or circumstance in STEAM Education. I have offer the notion of implementing ethnography as a way of seeing for teacher on STEAM teaching in three stages, implementing ethnography in designing story for teaching topic, implementing ethnography during teaching process, implementing ethnography for assess students leaning.

This comparative study aimed to examine the difference of interrater reliability between two different methods of measurement: essay tests and rubrics scoring. Thirty students and thirty science teachers were participated in this study. The interrater reliability was estimated using Fleiss Kappa. While the hypotheses were tested using Mann-Witney U with Exact to increase data validity. The results of this study showed that interrater reliability of restricted response items was higher than context dependent tasks as well as applied to extended response items scored using the analytic rubric and the holistic rubric. While the interrater reliability of extended response items is higher if its compered to background dependent tasks which was scored using the analytic rubric and the holistic rubric.

This research aimed to design and develop an online module for EFL students during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. On 2020, Covid-19 pandemic outbreak forced all teaching and learning processes at universities in Indonesia to migrate totally to the online learning system. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic that hit and has not been known when it will be ended, the teaching learning process cannot be run optimally because the application of physical and social distancing is practicing on campus and leads the education world to make adjustments to this situation. This research is a developmetn research in the field of education that aims to develop an online-based teaching module on Cross Cultural Understanding subject for students at one of the universities in Indonesia. The final result of this study is an online classroom teaching module of Cross Cultural Understanding subject based on the Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) approach for students of English education program in Indonesia which is a good innovation in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak, because this teaching module had been developed based on the needs of students and lecturer, adapted from the applicable curriculum in educational institutions related and based on the field trial process that is conformable with the principle of the ASSURE model.

Today's learning media is a great way to develop learning abilities for elementary school children. Science learning in elementary schools is expected to be an effort for elementary school students to master science concepts and are embedded in students' minds. Play is a socially centered process. Here it can increase desire and motivation and stimulate learning at all levels and ages. With the encouragement that emerges for creativity in the classroom, the application of technology can coexist, which is expected to be useful in the learning process. As time goes by, revolution 4.0 in science and technology has developed very rapidly. Application assistance is a good thing to support learning in grade 4 science learning in elementary schools with Kahoot media. Kahoot is an interactive learning game application that uses information and communication technology. Kahoot can create simple quizzes and games so that the atmosphere of learning science in elementary schools will be more interactive because the learning media uses the play chili learning method to support elementary school students' perspective on learning.

Soil is an essential structural material since it must be able to support the load applied, which is why soil must have sufficient bearing ability. The dry density affects the strength and deformation parameters. To achieve stable soil and meet the technological specifications for building a foundation, good embankment condition necessitates compaction. In this analysis, the updated proctor method was compared to the soil compaction energy proctor test method. Compaction energy is a crucial factor in assessing the soil's intensity, and it must be taken into account during the planning stage. The laboratory's Standard Proctor density was 1.63 gr/cm3, and the modified proctor density was 2.18 gr/cm3, according to the findings of this report. The outcome of the soil density sand cone test indicates that the degree of soil density is 97.31 percent for the standard proctor test process, indicating that the soil density has been achieved and the soil embankment should be used, but as applied to the soil density in the laboratory by standard proctor test, the degree of soil density is 73.54 percent lower.

The background of this research is to make it easier for young researchers to develop brush control dc geared servomotor with a microcontroller which is part of the overall control system where there are other control parts such as TX commands obtained from sensor devices received through radio communication, conditioning circuits, and transisitor-taransistor logic for the driver for servo-control and other control parts of the bridge brushed dc geared servomotor switching system. Here the research limits itself to the control parts of the dc geared servomotor brush, the control part is in the form of software related to the microcontroller, for the other three parts are discussed in another reset. This limitation only discusses signals from radio, encoder one, encoder two, encoder three, mathematical processing, output command output. The command output is ready to connect to the brush geared dc servomotor.

Conventional switching can be used to drive a brush dc geared servomotor, in terms of adjusting the position to our liking. For brush geared dc servomotor drivers we use a switching bridge where each arm is used a power transistor, in the process of switching bridge need to be considered the area where the short circuit is likely to occur, to avoid it we use dead time, as well as the possibility of a short circuit due to the upper arm and the lower arm of the bridge turns on at the same time for that it is necessary to make a transistor-transistor logic circuit so that the upper arm will not turn on when the lower arm is on or vice versa. From the results of conventional switching, it is able to drive the DC brush geared servomotor to the desired position.

Determination using field survey data and rough meter III tools, as well as theoretical sources on the determination and evaluation program of the International Roughness Index (IRI) method and the calculation of the Surface Distress Index (SDI) for flexible pavement based on research results from sta 00 + 000 to 02+ 700 IRI values: the average condition is moderate, 02 + 700 to 07 + 635 has a value of light damage to severe damage, SDI value: from sta 00 + 000 to 2 + 700 has a value of the good condition, 02 + 700 to 6 + 800 has a moderate condition value, and sta 02 + 600 to 7 + 635 has light damage to severe damage condition.

The development of technology can be seen from the increasing number of industries that are standing and especially industries that produce air-conditioning machines such as Air Conditioner (AC), Air Cooler and Chiller. As the name implies, AC has a function to condition the air in a room so that it feels cool, comfortable, and healthy. In operation, AC requires electricity, and almost all of its main components require electricity so that the cost of using flow electricity is the benchmark in efforts to save energy. At the tool and system design stage, an overall tool design is carried out to form a miniature air-conditioning system using a Peltier Thermoelectric. The purpose of designing this tool is to produce a tool that functions to cool a room, so that the temperature in the room is cool and maintained, with the performance of Peltier TEC1-12706 and also heatsink as a channel for cold air through fans indoor and outdoor, and displaying temperature. In testing the system there is a slight difference from the measurements of the results with the component datasheet. On the results of the power test on the 12 V.10A adapter without load, the average output is 12.11 V, not pure at 12 V because the voltage displayed on the AVO meter has an average difference of 0.92%. Whereas in the measurement of power by load, that is, with an average load of 12.05V because the voltage displayed on the AVO meter has a difference and the voltage already has a load and has an average error of 0.41%. The existence of this error is because the current entering the adapter is also unstable.

Technological developments have brought convenience to human life. Many things can be done today to solve human problems more efficiently without spending a lot of money, time, and energy. One of these technological developments can be found in agriculture. An automatic tool project based on the Arduino nano microcontroller will monitor hydroponic plants, assisted by sensors to detect water level, the temperature around the plant will be detected by a sensor DHT-22, the level of light intensity using the sensor BH1750 water level and room temperature will be displayed on nextion 3.5" as a human-machine interface. The purpose of designing this tool is to realize an automatic hydroponic system with LED light as a substitute for sunlight, a pH sensor to read the acidity level of a solution for plants, a ppm sensor to see the viscosity level of a solution for plants, and several motors to provide nutrition in a proper manner automatic and also to maintain water circulation, here is also provided a human machine interface to see the condition of the plant along with planting media and solutions. Based on the value of the test results, the entire hydroponic system is able to work well, all values that affect hydroponic plants are always in their proper condition. The temperature in this hydroponic environment is continuously monitored by using the DHT-22 sensor which aims to get a temperature that is always as stable as from a temperature range of 27°C to 35°C, the expected pH is in the range of 6.5 to 7.4, and the ppm required for hydroponic plants is ranging from 1050 ppm to 1400 ppm.

A mass spectrometric study of the spectra of multi-charged ions A1, Cu, depending on the frequency v = 1, 3, 5, 10, 12 Hz and at q = 10¹¹ W/cm². It has been proved that with increasing q of laser radiation, the energy spectrum of ions expands towards high energies, and the energy spectrum also has several maxima, the number of which increases with increasing q of laser radiation. It has been experimentally proven that silicon ions with a charge Z > 6 recorded in a plasma formed from a γ-irradiated target under study are characterized by a lower minimum energy than an unirradiated target.

The goal of a construction project is to be able to carry out the construction project on time with the budget that matches the plan. However, due to several factors, cost overruns often emerge when executing a project. The purpose of this study is to analyze the dominant factor which leads to cost overruns on the drinking water distribution project in Banda Aceh. This study used primary data that were obtained by distributing questionnaires to contractors that are registered in LPJK company association of Aceh in 2020 and have ever been involved in the installation of drinking water pipes in Banda Aceh between 2015-2020. The population of this research was 62 contractors. By using Slovin equations, 54 contractors were selected as a sample of this research for a 5 percentile margin of error. The dominant factor that leads to cost overruns in drinking water distribution projects in Banda Aceh was caused by cost estimation factor with a mean value of 4,417. This indicates that based on the perception of the contractors, the dominant factor which lead to cost overruns in drinking water distribution projects in Banda Aceh was caused by cost estimation factor.

A motorcycle-exclusive lane was implemented since 2015 at busiest urban arterial road in the city center of Banda Aceh. However, this policy seen to be ineffective as indicated by the low obedience by the motorcycle users. This study was, therefore, conducted to analyze the determinant of the implementation of motorcycle-exclusive lane. This involved infrastructure observation and road user direct interview through questionnaires survey. Target respondent was motorcyclist who used motorcycle-exclusive lane within the study area. A total volume of these users was observed to be 364 vehicles/day and drawn the sample as much as 170 samples were selected for data analysis using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The PCA found that the main factors influencing the implementation of the motorcycle-exclusive lanes include the sign, lane support, motorbike, and speed factors with each having its significant explanatory level. Finding depict that greatest factor had 26.419% variant of Factor 1 with technical improvement delivers to aspect of motorcycle-exclusive lanes must have traffic signs showing the entry and exit locations of motorbikes, must have motorcycle-exclusive lanes with information prohibiting the motorbikes from stopping, and motorcycle-exclusive lane signs must install in the needed place and easily visible to users.

A livable house construction program was implemented for the poor by the governments of Pidie district and Aceh province to improve the welfare of the people. These programs were, however, observed not to be effective in achieving the targeted objectives. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the decent housing assistant program implemented by the government of Aceh province and Pidie district in 2019 and 2020. This involved the application of the effectiveness analysis through four variables of input, output, outcome, and impact using modified Dantes formula with five achievement levels. Findings from this work is related to effectiveness of the livable house construction programs implemented in Pidie Regency were used to draw the following conclusions: (a) The Aceh provincial government program was analyzed using four variables and found to be effective. The input and output variables were recorded to be quite effective while the outcome and impact variables were less effective; (2) the Pidie regency government program was also analyzed using four variables and found to be less while the input was discovered to be quite effective while the output, outcome, and impact were less effective.

This research was conducted to determine the performance of the facilities and operations of the terminal using a direct survey method in the field. The primary data was collected by recording the number plate, entrance and departure time, number of passengers, vehicles entering and leaving, number of passengers getting on and off as well as the parking and vehicle number for visitors to the terminal. The survey was conducted for a duration of 9 hours daily starting from 8.00 am to 5.00 pm for a week. The results showed some facilities are not available at the terminal such as the administration room, supervisor room, platform, user fees, information room, first aid room, service room, restroom, warehouse, and spare parking space. Moreover, some facilities were observed not to be up to the required standard such as the office space, vehicle circulation, waiting room, and the toilet. Concerning the transportation characteristics, it was discovered that the highest number of passengers embarking and disembarking at the terminal per day was 8 and 4 while the highest number of those entering and leaving was recorded to be 361 and 367 respectively. Furthermore, the highest number of transportations was found to be 94 vehicles while the highest average headway time of arrival and departure was 8.81 minutes and 10.34 minutes and the values for load factor for arrival and departure of transportation was 38.33% and 39.47% respectively. The highest average waiting time was observed to be 7.62 minutes and the parking number and space requirements were found to be 72 for two-wheeled, 6 for three-wheeled, and 15 for four-wheeled vehicles with the highest average duration recorded to be 55.23, 56, and 58.58 minutes, respectively.

The Wakatobi Islands are one of the national priority tourist destinations in the 2020-2024 Medium Term Development Plan (RPJM), but the level of transportation services is not yet adequate. The physical condition of the area in the form of an archipelago is one of the obstacles in transportation services besides the limited accessibility of transportation, the availability of facilities and infrastructure to support tourism and human resources. The purpose of this study was to determine public satisfaction with the level of transportation services in Kabupaten Wakatobi. The analysis method used is the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) using seven indicators of transportation services, namely network connectivity, intermodal integration, travel time, travel costs, comfort, safety, and security. Based on the CSI analysis, it was found that the public satisfaction score was 52.73% which was included in the sufficient category with a value range of 50% to 80%. The IPA results state that the most important indicators to be improved are travel costs, comfort, intermodal integration, and travel time.

This research conducted in one construction company in Indonesia, the company was facing several problems, many projects that already ended have delays. Overdue payment one of the projects can reach Rp 252.544.148.-. For calculating late payment that the company can save researcher using Critical Path Method (CPM)-Crashing. CPM-Crashing method can accelerate project duration by increase resource budget, so company doesn't need to pay overdue payment. The result of CPM-Crashing is company can save Rp. 227.584.147.-late payment. To anticipate project delay proper planning is required. One of project planning method is project scheduling. Great loss because of the overdue amount, the company must evaluate their project schedule. The Researcher using CPM-Project Evaluation Review Technic (PERT) and Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) both methods can give new project schedule. CPM-PERT can give probability project finish and CCPM can give new project schedule. The result of this research is probability project is not delay is very low that is only 55% project can finish on time, the company must try CCPM schedule.

Broilers are an excellent source of protein and are needed in the productive age population. From the central statistics data in 2019, the number of broiler populations in Indonesia reached 3.15 billion heads. To maximize production and reduce production efficiency, artificial intelligent application innovations are carried out for temperature, humidity, and gas control in broiler chicken coops. Internet of Things helps farmers make efficient use of human resources to adjust the temperature and humidity of the cage. The microcontroller's primary device uses a wifi-embedded ESP32 to be able to transmit data to the server. To read the environmental conditions of the cell, use DHT11 for temperature and MQ2 for gas. The results of the system's application were tested using two models, namely, testing the sensor reading value compared to the weight on the Thermo hygrometer and observation of the reaction of chickens in the cage. The test results were conducted by comparing the sensor's value with Thermo hygrometer difference can be tolerated and normal chicken reaction because the temperature in the enclosure is well maintained.

A common problem that occurs very often in society is motorcycle theft. The rampant cases of motorcycle theft, which are even carried out in the parking lot of homes, need to find the right solution. One solution to handling motorcycle theft cases and securing motorbikes is by installing smart vehicle technology. The purpose of this research is to design a motorcycle safety system based on the Internet of Things. The design uses the Arduino Mega microcontroller, the ESP8266 wifi module, a fingerprint sensor, and the Blynk application on a smartphone. Hardware design with fingerprint and microcontroller integration then designing IoT-based applications with the ESP8266 and combining a security system with notifications to smartphones. Application this can help to turn on and off the engine of two-wheeled motorized vehicles remotely, can assist users in supervising or monitoring two-wheeled motorized vehicles.

Technology in the construction industry is now rapidly developing. Construction technology, which synergies with good construction management, can increase cost efficiency, time, and project quality. In conventional construction methods, there is a high level of uncertainty. The high level of uncertainty impacts poor project control resulting in project delays, high overhead costs, and a decrease in project quality. Modular home fabrication technology was developed to reduce project costs and time and improve project quality. The increasing demand for proper housing is currently encouraging Indonesia's Government to create a Subsidized Housing Program. 'Y' subsidized housing is one of the subsidized housing in Indonesia. The 'Y' subsidized housing construction still uses conventional construction. How to compare the achievement of efficiency in cost and time plans as well as project quality between the application of modular home fabrication technology with traditional construction in 'Y' subsidized housing construction, with potential project cost savings of 5-15%, acceleration of project duration of 9 months from planning, and inspection the quality of the project is done in stages? The achievement of cost and time efficiency of the project and improving the quality of the project affect the choice of the construction method. Modular home fabrication technology can be implemented if the modular manufacturer meets the criteria. These criteria are: including being qualified in modernization, having a consistent level of productivity, having adequate mobilization, and commitment that is always maintained to see prospects.

In this study, the durability against sodium sulfate attack test of composite cement paste using diatomaceous earth was carried out. Diatomaceous earth was calcined in several processes, in order to obtain micro-particles with a more dominant silica content which was used as a mineral material to produce composite cement. The proportion of diatomaceous earth in composite cement was 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% of total cement weight. The amount of water was determined, so that a composite cement paste with normal consistency was obtained. Composite cement paste was made by mixing all the constituent materials in a mixer. The specimens were made in accordance with ASTM standards, namely cubes with 50 mm sides with 9 specimens for each mixtures. The test was carried out by immersing the specimens in 10% sodium sulfate solution for one and two months then the visual changes, loss of mass and changes in compressive strength were observed. Composite cement paste that experienced smallest damage was composite cement paste with 10% and 20% diatomaceous earth. Mass loss was occurred only in the original Portland cement paste after two months immersion. The compressive strength of the composite cement paste experienced the least degradation at 20% diatomaceous earth content.

The spectrum efficiency in fourth-generation (4G) i.e. orthogonal frequency division multiplxing (OFDM) systems has become a major problem at this time due to the increasing need for communication bandwidth. This efficiency is reduced due to the high out-of-band emission (OoBE) that exist. As one of the candidates that still has the potential to be used in the fifth generation (5G) signal modulation method, this paper aims to make observations by out of band emission simulation on a multi carrier filter bank (FBMC). This paper illustrated facets of the 5G with FBMC modulation scheme. To illustrate it, 24 sub-carriers were simulated with each sub-carrier spaced 15 kHz, later the power spectral density of the FBMC signal is plotted. The MATLAB simulation results with the 256-QAM order indicated that FBMC is more advantageous than OFDM because it offers higher spectral efficiency with a difference of 130 dBW/Hz. In other words, this system offers low out of band emission. Previously, an illustration of the FBMC prototype was also shown.

M-ary frequency shift keying (FSK) is a low-power, low-data-rate modulation scheme currently used by manufacturers of data transmission equipment. Inter symbol interference (ISI) occurs in all communication systems. To analyze the effect of the raised cosine filter and adaptive equalizer on reducing the ISI, the binary FSK (BFSK) modulation technique has been studied extensively in this research. In this study, we have selected the square root raised cosine filter and the sign least mean square (LMS) equalizer. The bit error rate (BER) performance of the 2-FSK system with the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel is evaluated and analyzed with the help of Simulink. The best BER value of 1.7e-03 was obtained in this study.

The source of backup power supply at telecommunication BTS is only temporary because its power only depends on the generator and battery capacity used. However, on the other hand, the backup power system is rarely monitored due to a lack of resources such as human resources and the remote location of the equipment/site. Meanwhile, the use of Android which is open source is now widely used by the public for many things, but there are still not many Android applications used to control the power supply system. The purpose of this research is to design and analyze the automatic backup power system on the integrated power system in the telecommunication network by adding an Android application to monitor the occurrence of faults in the system. The communication used in this research is the connection of the automatic backup power control circuit, the microcontroller, the webserver, and the android application itself. Automatic backup power control circuit in the form of a main power transfer control circuit, for example, the power from State Electricity Company (PLN), if a problem occurs it will switch to the back-up power in the form of a generator and battery. The results show that the design of the automatic power system device can work properly.

High strength concrete (HSC) requires high amount of cement in order to make it more dense and compact. Using diatomaceous earth (DE) is an alternative to reduce the cement content in HSC. In this study the DE was used as cement replacement at the 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% replacement levels. The water to binder ratio was 0.3. The type F superplasticizer at 1.5% of cement weight was added. The DE was first ground, sieved with sieve #200 and calcined at 600°C for 5 hours before it used as cementitious material. The 50 mm cube specimens were prepared, cured in the water for 28 days, and then immersed in 10% NaCl solusion. After 1 and 2 months of immersion period, the surface visual appearance, mass and compressive strength of the specimens were examined and compared with the unimmersed specimens. The surface visual appearance shows that the HSC with 15% has smallest damaged as well as smallest degradation of compressive strength. However, the smallest mass loss was obtained at the HSC with 5% DE content.

This research focuses on optimizing the DC 110 V battery at the 275 KV substation in Pijorkoling Padangsidempuan, North Sumatra. By measuring the inverter connected to the battery side and the Human Machine Interface, it is found that the value of harmonic currents is in several orders, but because harmonic currents are in the 5th order, 11th order, 15th order, the author makes the LCL Passive Filter. on the output side of the inverter and Human Machine Interface in the hope of reducing the harmonic current. To make it easier for the author in the research, it was carried out using a mathlab-simulink simulation. The result is that the THDi inverter on the inverter decreases from 110.9% to 49.57% or it is reduced by 223.72%.

The medical gas in the ventilator is very influential in maintaining patient survival so that the gas must be sterile, have high purity and have a stable pressure, with a value of no more than 5 bars. To maintain the stability of this pressure, a control device for oxygen and air pressure on the ventilator is designed with a safety valve. Pressure control on this ventilator mixing tube uses an ATMega328P microcontroller to drive the Pneumatic Valve as a safety device. Furthermore, the pressure will be read by the MPX 5700 AP sensor. After that, the results of a pressure reading of 1 to 5 bars are displayed on the seven-segment display. The comparison of the pressure difference between the pressure read by the sensor and displayed on the manometer resulted in the highest error of 4% and the lowest error of 2.37%. Whereas in the relay contact test, the safety valve worked well, and the error value was 3.29%. The difference in error values is considered completely safe to use.

The next-generation gigabit passive optical network (NG-PON) is a promising solution for network growth and expansion. The NG-PON aims to connect more users as fiber's deployment to the home (FTTH) initiative takes place. The network needs urgent attention to its security establishment, which is currently exposed to a degradation attack. During the attack, already available TCP congestion control is invoked to handle collision. The interconnection of TCP in the transport layer and attack in the MAC layer is investigated. During the attack, a reduction of 63% of total throughput is detected. A variation of the number of ONU also determines the competing nature of TCP, which inherently reduces the maximum throughput of 4%.

Many devices use an induction-type electric motor as the prime mover, such as an electric drilling machine, cutting machine, cement mixer/sand, and various kinds of machinery contained in industrial textiles, automotive industry, and others. The use of machines is closely related to the application of electric motors that will essentially consume electricity vary depending upon the size of the motors that. And generally, this equipment always operates at a nominal price of electrical voltage or full voltage of 220 volts for example per phase or 380-volt three-phase. In this condition, when the motor is not fully loaded suppose half of its full load, it would be a waste of electrical energy consumption, especially if the motor is not given mechanical load on its axis. Therefore, this paper gives a little solution in saving electrical energy consumption of the motor. Two important things are studied in this paper regarding the working arrangements, namely the motor on the state of the start and on the state of the running.

Traditional methods of monitoring petrol pump in gas station by humans on site are unable to meet the expectations for efficiency, accuracy and cost. Setting up an RFID and ESP8266 based petrol station monitoring system is a good approach to improve monitoring efficiency and to improve management efficiency in stations. Although there are still some problems to be solved for RFID and WIFI technologies, their unique features still make the monitoring system based on them a promising system. The architecture of the RFID as prepaid system and ESP8266 as monitoring system in petrol station is presented in this paper.

This paper describes the simulation done on a low-cost biosensor interface controller for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) monitoring system using Internet of Things (IoT). Healthcare monitoring systems are devices that keep track of human activities and health conditions using biosensors. The developed monitoring system will aid in chronic disease patients for early detection of prevailing diseases. Early prevention can be done by monitoring the electrocardiogram (ECG). However, ECG signals typically contain contaminants that cause inaccuracy in the ECG signals produced and difficulty in diagnosing the heart's activity. The objective is to design and simulate a system to perform pre-processing of ECG signals to prevent ECG measurements from signal contamination. Next, to calculate the heart rate using filtered ECG signals and the Pan-Tompkins algorithm. The simulation was done on MATLAB and Simulink by generating pre-recorded ECG signals that will be pre-processed to obtain viable results when compared to a normal ECG cycle wave. The results show that the filtered ECG produced has all the elements of a normal ECG cycle wave with less signal contamination within the range of 0.8 – 1.3mV. The filtered ECG signals were processed for QRS peak detection to obtain the heart rate. Results show that the heart rate displayed was within the range of the pre-recorded heart rate which is 79 – 82 beats per minute (BPM). The QRS peaks detected were also identical to the results from the Pan-Tompkins algorithm.

This paper discusses an AC/DC buck converter-based LED driver to reduce the voltage from 230VAC to 12VDC with a few strings of LEDs. This led driver is designed with a cost-effective circuit because using a single inductor, single inductor multiple-output (SIMO) can reduce the number of components, control the current independently and precisely on each LED string simultaneously, compared to using an inductor on each LED string. To control current and voltage, PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control is used as a MOSFET signal switch. This MOSFET calculates the duty cycle so that the desired DC output according to the LED specifications can be realized. The circuit was analyzed using PSpice software. The test based on the duty cycle shows that the highest output voltage is obtained with a work cycle of 10% resulting in a voltage of 5.9V and a current of 32.4mA. Meanwhile, achieving the output value based on the led specification with a voltage of 12V and a maximum current of 31mA has been achieved at a duty cycle of 4.7%. This AC/DC buck converter circuit not only lowers the voltage but can overcome dimming and provide a uniform light output on each LED with an output voltage of 12VDC. The experimental results show that this AC/DC buck converter circuit has been tested and can be applied to the Led driver system.

Smart cars are becoming the future of vehicle industry, most newly developed vehicles are equipped with communication modules that transmits and receive data for many purposes including insurance policy requirements, vehicle security, and for safety purposes. Cellular V2X requires all vehicles to have this module to transmit vehicle data and to receive feedback, so that V2X services can be implemented successfully. However, not all vehicles are equipped with such communication modules; therefore, the purpose of this paper is to design a communication module that enables all vehicles that has OBDII (On-Board Diagnostic module) standard to reliably transmit and receive related V2X data using Cellular networks, such as 3G, 4G, etc. through using affordable embedded system.

Biogas production is an anaerobic process involving various microbes such as methanogenic bacteria and Clostridium acteinum, Bacteriodes ruminicola, Lactobacillus spp, Streptococcus spp. Farmers of Indonesia are not interested in biogas production due to higher costs in establishing biogas plants. In our present research was focused on production of biogas and biofertilizers from biogas plants in separate studies. Our research forms a basis for production of biogas from low cost material available in environment. Important factors determining good quality biogas are: waste quality, digester design, temperature, system operation, presence of oxygen. In our present study, we have considered two factors as different wastes and design of biogas plants. Further, different kinds of wastes including plant wastes were used. Two designs of digester were used in the present study Raw materials used in our present study are chicken manure, chicken manure while from plants used straw (Oryza sativa), cabbage (Brassica oleracea) waste and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Materials for biogas plant were gallon water cylinder, plastic bag, plastic hose, water faucet, motorcycle tyre and glue. The biogas plant differed in being an anaerobic fermentation unit. One biogas plant using motor tires as a gas container of anaerobic fermentation process while others use plastic bags. Refinement of the other part is carried out during the study such as inlet and outlet holes where there were 4 points and to be 2 hole points. Reducing the hole on biogas plant can reduce the leakage of the resulting gas. The parameters measured are the length of the gas produced by the flame test, gas volume in 15 days and the fire color. The total volume of mixture is 12 liters, its contain of 6 liters' water and 6 liters the mixture manure and plant. Ratio of mixture between animal manure and plant are 6:0; 4:2; 3:3; 2:4; 0:6. The result show that the using of biogas plant with plastic bag is better than the using of motorcycle tires. From statistical analysis generally showed that the best mixture of yield was 3: 3 mixture based on gas production parameters and flame color. Comparatively, mixture chicken manure and goat manure had the best result for gas production.

The modification of bentonite by pillarization process of Al/Fe metal oxide has been carried with metal oxide with ratios 1:2 and 2:1. The product was characterized by FT-IR, XRD and pHpzc analysis. Thus, this optimal pillarization product was used as an adsorbent of Congo red and Direct green dyestuffs. The FTIR characterization does not show optimum pillarization processes for any metal oxide ratios, while the XRD analysis shows the optimum pillarization processes at ratio 2:1 i.e. 17.1 Å. In addition, the optimum pH for absorption of Congo red took place at 2 while for Direct green at 3. At 70oC, the highest adsorption capacity (Qe) reached 57.34 and 72.06 mol/g; and the highest adsorption energy (E) was found 3.23 kJ/mol and 4.14 kJ/mol for Direct green for Congo red and Direct green, respectively. Vice versa, the enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) values decreased as the increase of both Congo red and Direct green concentration.

The purpose of this study is to analyze student errors based on van Hiele's level of understanding in solving geometric problems in terms of mathematical dispositions. This research is considered important as it can reveal mistakes often made by students based on van hiele levels. There are 5 levels contained in van hiele levels, namely level I-visualization, level II-analysis, level III-ordering, level IV-deduction, and level V-rigor. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Subjects in this study were selected based on high, medium, low mathematical disposition abilities. This research shows that students with high mathematical disposition in solving geometric problems reach level IV-deduction. Students with moderate dispositions are able to reach level II-analysis and make mistakes at level III-ordering. Furthermore, students with low mathematical disposition only reach level I-visualization and make errors at level II-analysis.

This study aims to analyze the validity and reliability of the algebraic reasoning question instrument. The total number of questions in this study were 8 questions which were done by 107 junior high school students in Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis using the Rasch model, it was found that the instrument had Cronbach's alpha (KR-20) in the medium category, the item reliability was excellent, and the person reliability was in the low category. This shows that the instrument is a very reliable instrument for assessing students' algebraic reasoning but students were unable to solve them well. Meanwhile, the results of the validity found that Q8 was not the fit criteria for MNSQ Outfit, ZSTD Outfit, and PTMEA-CORR. As for person fit, only six students showed a misfit, which indicated that other students gave a meaningful response to Rasch's analysis.

Teachers in online learning play an important role in success or failure in the online learning system. Their ability to design learning content in LMS affects the quality of information presented, the interaction in learning and student satisfaction during lectures. This study aims to check the readiness of teachers at the Universitas Muhammadiyah Gresik in online learning by using two measuring instruments, namely the results of monitoring the completeness of the content of courses in LMS as well as a survey conducted on 209 teachers using a questionnaire of teacher confidence in TPACK consisting of 11 items. The response of 209 lecturers was analyzed descriptively from data obtained from online surveys, while rubric completeness of courses using the category of completeness with a scale of 1-5. The assessment results of the completeness of the content of the courses showed that 57% of courses had complete content, 14% of courses had fairly complete content, and 29% of courses had incomplete content. While the survey results on teacher readiness show TPK component are believed to be the essential component in online teaching readiness.

This article aimed to describe students' mathematical argumentation competence in solving cubes and pyramid problems. The kind of problem to be solved in this study referred to proving. The students' mathematical arguments were thoroughly analyzed using Toulmin scheme. It used qualitative method. The data was collected by asking 40 students to do argumentation task by thinking out loud strategy. The subject's works would be compared to the problem structure based on the Toulmin scheme. From data analysis, it found three kinds of mathematical arguments the students had made to solve cubes and pyramid problems. Those three mathematical arguments were inductive-incomplete, inductive-complete, and deductive arguments.

This research is motivated by the large number of complaints of the poor and micro-scale industries that have to buy 3 kg of LPG gas above the highest retail price set by the Aceh Government, Rp. 18,000. There are several cases where people have been forced to buy at almost double the price (> Rp. 30,000). One of the main causes of this spike is the unavailability. To ensure the availability of these goods, it is deemed necessary to establish a goods management policy (logistics system) which includes decisions on the allocation of goods distribution, inventory policies of all entities in the system being observed, and their delivery routes. With the formulation of an optimal goods management policy, it is considered to ensure the availability of goods which will lead to an appropriate selling price and, no less important, to reduce the management cost which has the effect of reducing the need for subsidies that must be issued by the government. The model used as a problem solving tool for the integration model of determining the location, inventory policy, and allocation delivery routes is classified as a Location-Inventory-Routing Problem (LIRP). The LIRP model is then performed optimization to determine which agents should operate, inventory policies at agents and bases, and delivery routes. From the model developed, it was concluded that only one operating agent was needed to supply 3 kg LPG gas, which served all bases operating in six villages in Muara Dua District, Lhokseumawe City.

This descriptive study determined the Readability Analysis of College Student's Written Outputs using Grammarly Premium and Flesch Kincaide Tools for the First Semester of Academic Year 2020-2021. This involved the documentary analysis of the essays of the 290 freshmen students enrolled in six courses in Polytechnic University of the Philippines-Ragay, Camarines Sur Branch. It revealed that using the said two programs both revealed that the writing ability of the participants are not within the expected level of a university student, but for Grades 8 to 11 only; thus, it is recommended that Senior High School English teachers should use innovative strategies in teaching writing academic and non-academic texts. The content and language editing strategies to hone the student's writing composition competency can be measured by appropriate college admission tests intended for writing readability assessment only.

This study identified the ICT Competence, Organizational Culture, Motivation, and Task Performance among the Employees of Polytechnic University of the Philippines-Ragay, Camarines Sur Branch. Descriptive-survey was conducted for the 38 employees of the said university branch for the Second Semester of Academic Year 2019-2020. It was revealed that The employees' competence in using ICT resources in a higher education institution is within Skillful to Much Skillful levels. It Often Observed the different components of Organizational Culture as they are Often Motivated and Often performed in their organization. Considering that the ICT competence of the employees is affected by the availability of the ICT resources in the institution and their exposure to the ICT resources. It is also recommended for the higher authority of the university and the Commission on Higher Education to prioritize the procurement of relevant resources, equipment, and facilities related to ICT integration in Higher Education Institutions, and training and skills empowerment of staff of the organization should be regularly conducted.

This descriptive study explored the Teacher's Utilization of ICT Resources in Schools and their Student's Competence in Basic Computer Applications. This involved the fourteen Science teachers and the 245 Grade 10 students in the three selected public secondary schools in Ragay, Camarines Sur, Philippines, for the School Year 2019-2020. It revealed that selected public secondary schools in Ragay Sometimes Utilized various ICT Resources in teaching Science, and the Science teachers of those schools are Skillful in Information and Communications Technology and are Much Ready in Equipment Readiness in integrating ICT in school and at home; their Grade 10 students are Competent in the Basic Computer Applications particularly in the Word Processing, Spreadsheet application, PowerPoint Presentation and the Use of Internet. Thus, it is recommended that computers and the internet be made available for students and teachers and regular training of teachers to utilize various resources in teaching Science to improve the students' critical thinking, motivation, and higher-order thinking skills.

Indonesia is an archipelago with a vast landscape. Equal access to education has been an important issue in improving the quality of education to support human resource provision. This study is a narrative review study based on reflections during conducting multi-year research from 2015 to 2020 funded by MOEC. During the research period, authors arranged socialization, training, mentoring, and measuring the impact of mobile learning implementation in rural and remote areas, especially in eastern Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that there is good potential for mobile learning to support equitable access to education. Governments need to consider several essential aspects so mobile learning can work well. The aspects are the readiness of infrastructure and the readiness of technology acceptance by educational decision-makers and principals. The results of this study, as a whole, can be used as a basis for developing various educational policies in the disadvantaged region.

The use of distance learning technology in the organization of the educational process, as well as the rapid acquisition of new scientific knowledge, results in high effectiveness. Virtual training techniques make it possible to obtain additional knowledge about a topic easily. Any of the most significant science and technological topics are the incorporation of distance technology into the educational process and the investigation of strategies for their successful use, as well as the creation of distance learning courses. Based on the above, the use of Moodle in Teaching from distance learning to the E-learning 5.0 of new technology are complete enough to enable the user to work optimally on the assignment questions provided.

The purpose of this research was technology-enhanced research in higher education. Design-based research for creating courses using the management system in the E-Learning 5.0 has proven its promise as a tool useful for both research and design of technology-enhanced learning environments over the last decade (TELEs). In this article, we characterize and explain design-based research characteristics, outline the relevance of design-based research in the creation of TELEs, suggest principles for applying design-based research with TELEs, and address potential challenges in using this approach. This inaugural special issue of Studies in Technology Enhanced Learning focuses on 'theory,' a controversial subject. While theory has been criticized for being vague or alienating at times, it is safe to conclude that theory has never been as profoundly rooted in Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL) science as it has in many other fields of scholarship.

Crossword Puzzle is a learning medium that is easy to use by everyone. Moreover, the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, which created its own challenges for the learning process of Arabic in schools as a driver for foreign language communication for students. Even in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, learning must remain oriented to the life skills of the 21st century which are famously known as HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills). The learning media used must also lead to students' HOTS skills. On this basis, this study wants to analyze the use of Crossword Puzzle media in learning maharah qira'ah during the Covid-19 pandemic era at SMA Islam Sabilillah Malang Boarding School and classify it in the LOTS, MOTS or HOTS categories. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews and documentation with data analysis techniques using Miles & Huberman's theory, namely reducing, presenting and concluding field data. The results showed that the use of Crossword Puzzle media in learning maharah qira'ah has met HOTS standards with an indication that learning is student-centered, the use of Crossword Puzzles requires student creation and innovation and improves critical and deep thinking skills when doing Crossword Puzzle that matches the qira'ah text being taught. This study recommends other researchers to test the effectiveness of learning Arabic at SMA Islam Sabilillah Malang Boarding School.

The distance learning system requires schools and teachers to be able to take advantage of the online platform as a medium to support the learning process. This study aims to analyze the use of E-learning as a medium for learning Arabic in Ma'had SMA Islam Sabilillah Malang. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through observation, interviews and documentation study. The data analysis technique uses Milles and Huberman's theory, namely reducing, presenting and verifying data. The results of this study indicate that; 1) the use of E-learning causes a transformation of learning from a collaborative approach to an individual instructional approach in Arabic learning, 2) Arabic learning patterns using E-learning change student dependence on teachers to become dependent on learning instructions contained in E-learning. The findings of this study illustrate that learning Arabic using E-learning will be meaningful for students if the subject matter is well designed and clear.

In this digital era, technology-based learning media are attractive to students because it improves their learning outcomes. Therefore, this study aims to determine the improvement in learning outcomes for Arabic vocabulary using scrabble game media. It was designed using a quasi-experiment with a sample of 81 people. Furthermore, the data collection technique was conducted through pre-test and post-test, as well as analyzed by SPSS 26. The results showed that students' Arabic vocabulary ability is improved by using scrabble game media. This conclusion followed the results of the Mann-Whitney analysis and the N-gain test, where the highest score was in the experimental class after treatment.

This research aims to describe the use of Electronic Learning Aid (ELENA) at the Universitas Negeri Semarang (UNNES) as an online learning platform during the Covid-19 pandemic. It also explains the effect of using ELENA on the students' satisfaction. The research objects are the lecturers and the students of the Economic Education study program, Faculty of Economics of UNNES. The data are collected using documentation and questionnaire methods. The data are then analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results show that the lecturers have made good use of ELENA as an online learning platform. They can operate some features available in ELENA (attendance, files, assignments, quizzes, links, labels, discussions, video conferencing) well. The students also think that their lecturers have sufficient competence in utilizing ELENA. Their satisfaction level is in a good category. However, they also suggest some other learning activities that the lecturers can conduct by utilizing other applications besides ELENA.

This descriptive study calculated the perceptions of 258 freshmen students of the Polytechnic University of the Philippines' Ragay, Camarines Sur Branch on the use of educational technologies in online and distance education, their level of motivation, and their learning strategies for the First Semester of Academic Year 2020-2021. It revealed that the students perceived that distance learning is excellent and essential. However, their access to the computer and other devices is limited. They perceived that their university branch's online or distance learning is moderately successful and that the university and their subject professors are moderately helpful in providing support and understanding during this type of learning arrangement. Likewise, they are motivated to use the educational technologies and perceived themselves to Often Utilized different learning strategies in using educational technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, it is recommended that instructors and students train before the start of the semester to improve the level of acceptance of students to this new kind of learning set up to ensure that they will achieve better competence relative to their chosen and enrolled degrees.