IoT based Child Safety Management using Raspberry Pi and RFID Technology

The protection and welfare of children is becoming more necessary to create a society that is greater and stronger. Therefore, the protection measures of kids must be strengthened to eliminate difficulties for kids. With this in mind, several tools and systems are employed to maintain the child’s safety environment. Improving intelligence agencies in this field, in this paper a system for children’s safety is proposedfor children safety purpose.We develop anIoT based child safety using raspberry. Students having a RFID based cards which used for authentication.Whenever student enters in school bus the Raspberry sends a message notification to parents and the principal.


Introduction
The welfare of children always has been a related interpretations, whose response needs to be strengthened continually. The model of Smart Cities explicitly takes note of the need to have a safer atmosphere for children's living and learning, but it also poses difficulties because of cities, such as multiple houses, a vast number of operating cars, cramped meeting areas and complex staff. In particular, in particular, the conditions in this setting are lacking for children who are interested, involved and oblivious of (or uncautious about) the hazards they face. Accorder protection incidents in the school years can be divided into four categories according to partial figures of news reports: 34,7% of non-school incidents, 11,7% of child's misconnections, 29,8% of bus drivers, and 23,8% of child loses. Safety oriented projects are addressed to use ICT services to build secure ways of reducing accidents probability. For parents the safety of their children is vital, and a low-cost technology may give a big contribution to improve it. L'Aquila municipality is moving in that direction, exploiting University innovative researches, trying to offer a more efficient service aimed to solve children's security issues. One line of experimentation is related to the monitoring of child's movements through a system involving RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) technologies. The solution is exploit ed for school buses localization, while the second to gather information's This paper is especially focused on children's movements from home to school entrance, trying to solve a little part of the school-age children's security problem. A possible categorisation of security system for children. In recen t years, a modern concept called the Internet of Things (IOT), which Kevin Ashton launched in 1998, has attracted growing interest both in academia and in business, in conjunction with wireless conn ect ivit y and networking. In the past few years. Research teams have lat ely used "Internet of Things," in particular ordinary objects, which can be read, understood, viewed or managed over the Internet, be they by RFID, wireless LAN (Local Area network), WAN (Wide Area Network) or other means. The concept of "internet of things" is used by scholars. The connectivity of smart objects with the ph ysical world will be built through the convergence of various advances in the "Internet of Things." Our project is planned to guaranteed child safety security, with a emphasis on safety in the school route category, focused on IOT, RFID and cloud technology. In order to alert parents when their ch ild is on a school bus we built a system that uses such data. When the infant joins and leaves the school bus, the ICRAEM 2020 IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 981 (2020) 042079 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/981/4/042079 2 device produces an alarm, operated by a backend system. When the child exits the classroom, goes by the school bus and returns home, the same process is practised. The device will warn parents of the actions and welfare of their child with this knowledge. In this paper we only present the children tracking process while they are in the school bus, indeed the children's movements prior to entering and after exiting the school bus is not covered. Nevertheless, the same monitoring solution can be exploited for children's entering and exiting the school, allowing for a better safety check. It is wort h noting that the chosen technology is also dependent on the idea of maintaining as low as possible t h e overall costs in order to make the solution affordable for municipalities and parents.

Proposed methodology
The protection and welfare of children is more and more necessary to create a society that is greater and stronger. The child safety policies must therefore be strengthened in order to save kids from problems. With this in mind, several tools and systems are deployed to maintain the children's safety zone. We recent design for accurate results on children's safety to improve security services here. It was only used manually to provide parents with details through telephone calls or by post. However, it is not enough to fulfil the needs of people with child welfare consequences.

Traditional Child Safety and Security System
The problems in traditional approaches are listed below. The new advances and inventions for better children's safety initiatives are suggested in order t o solve all these issues. Children's intelligent watches will provide full resources that parents need to know from their children's location. However, the GPS system can only protect major areas. Th u s, wit h t h e smart watch, few more functionality can be enhanced to include up-to -date knowledge about kids who attend various school sites. The intelligent watch should connect the sensor system to the children's school identification card for tracking and sensing movement within the school campus using RFID tags. This can be done through integration through children's smart wat ch es of t h e RFID tag link module. Then, when the RFID scan system interacts with the smart children, the clever wat ch will track their movement. The designated smart watch reaction liquid the signal, and transfers the information to students with the appropriate feature fields. The above characteristics are collect ed via Smart Watch and sent to the smartphone of the parent. The corresponding mobile app analyses the incoming information on the parents' smartphones and delivers the result in com pliance with consumer standards. The working of this models starts when student unique ID which I sin RFID form scans in school bus unit and sends a notification to parents and then when he enters to school the same RFID is scanned by the school reader unit which identifies the student entry and exit of the student. This process repeats for 2 times in a day when student enters and leaves the school. Whenever t h e st u den t ID is missing from the data base the device sends alert message to parents the same is displayed on the LCD and buzzer for local reference.

RFIDModule
This RFID means Radio frequency identification.The RFID system involves a tag and reader.RFID tag may also call an RFID chip. When card scanned ,the antenna within the t ag picks u p the radio wave and sends a response back to the reader. In this paper, we use RFID for unique identification.

LCD
It is composed of two pieces of Polarized Glass containing a liquid crystal substance. The LCD is a fluid crystalline lighting technique that operates by blocking light. The light that goes over the first layer is produced by a backlight. It's for the purpose of screen.

Buzzer
A electronic, electromechanical or piezoelectric audio signalling device or beeper. Typical implementations for buzzers and beepers include warnings, timers and beepers including warnings, timers and user feedback validation (such as a mouse click or a keystroke).

Raspberry Pi
It is an ultra-cheap minicomputer with 5.5 cm width and 9 cm length. It consists of a component named System on Chip (SoC) which comprises of single core CPU with a supportive processor for computing floating points, GPU and RAM with 512 MB size (SD-RAM). Moreover, it con su m es less power, which is just around 5-7 watts. The architecture of raspberry pi is given in figure 6. It has couple of cache memory levels, where first level is of 32KB size and the latter is of 128KB size. These are utilized to store recent programs and ALU is utilized to execute instructions.  It is a very small device and can incorporate other devices also. It consists of both the hardware and software. It requires an SD card and a power supply to related mouse and keyboard. Additionally, a display also exists for functioning OS such as Windows and Linux.

Results and Discussion
Python is a complex semantic interpreter, object-oriented, high-level programming language. The simplicity of Python. Learning syntax quickly stresses readability and reduces software development costs. Python encourages plugin and packages that promote the modularity of the program m e an d t h e reuse of code.

Conclusion
Therefore, the protection measures of children must be strengthened to eliminate difficult ies for children. In this sense, several tools are used and devices developed to insure that the child's protection environment is enhanced in this sector. In this paper a system for children's safety is developed for children safety purpose. We developed an IOT based child safety using raspberry. Students having a RFID based cards which used for authentication. Whenever student enters in school bus .Raspberry sends a message notification to parents, principal.