Generalized optimality criteria of energy-efficient composites

The article discusses generalized optimality criteria of energy-efficient materials. The task of choosing an optimality criteria of a composite is considered as a step-by-step, hierarchical transition from individual criteria of the first level - operational characteristics to combined ones, related to subsequent levels and then to the general one. At each hierarchical level, the criteria become more complicated as it considers the criteria of the previous levels. The criteria constructed in this way are classified into structural, relative and conditional. It is shown that the softening coefficient and the water resistance index correspond to the criteria of the second and third levels, respectively. Some of the new combined criteria, having the character of efficiency were reviewed. As an example of a combined criteria, the criterion of the effectiveness of the realization of the strength-thermal conductivity ratio was considered. Examples of its use for evaluating and comparing the effectiveness of materials with significantly different properties and areas of use were given. It is shown that the efficiency criterion has similar values for materials with equal properties combination. On the basis of the proposed criterion, the problem of optimizing the efficiency of the plaster material is considered. As a result of numerical optimization, compositions with the maximum efficiency of the considered type were obtained. The possibility of further application of this and other combined optimality criteria in the problems of quality assessment and optimization of composite materials was shown.