Effect of wall-slip on natural convection in a square cavity

Numerical simulations are performed to investigate the effect of wall-slip on natural convection inside a square cavity for Rayleigh number (Ra) = 10⁵. The bottom wall is heated and top wall is maintained at a cold temperature keeping the other two vertical walls adiabatic. The analysis is conducted by varying the Slip factor (SF) from 0 (no-slip) to 1 (full-slip) in steps of 0.2. For each value of SF, the flow patterns are visualised using streamlines and heat transfer behaviour is examined using isotherms. Results are quantified using local Nusselt number (Nu_l) and average Nusselt number (Nu_avg) along the hot wall. It is observed that for SF=0.8 and SF=1 configurations, the natural convection patterns and heat transfer characteristics undergo notable changes.