Design and analysis of the effectiveness smart home control systems based on using the Internet of Things

Smart homes are a set of interconnected electrical appliances to become intelligent service systems aimed at reducing human workloads, saving electricity, and improving home security. Wireless Smart Home system enhances popularity due to flexibility, portability, and low installation cost. With the availability of technology and the internet of Things (IoT), devices can collect information from the environment according to the surrounding conditions. Raspberry Pi is a microcomputer which is a primary device that can be used to control sensors and actuators. This control can be activated from anywhere, as long as the area has an Internet connection. Using the fuzzy logic method, the controls don’t need to be done manually. This method can automatically control the electronic devices in the home, using the facts in the knowledge base. The main features of the smart home are real-time, remote control, data security from intruders. Data security becomes important to access right in maintaining the confidentiality of sensitive information that may be known by the right party. Technology systems are containers created in one library, applications, and configuration files, and all that is required to be a reference to rely on.


Introduction
Types of work are increasingly developing based on a variety of jobs, it is undeniable that many of these workers are in service or even on duty outside the city, not only office workers but private ones, who have to negotiate related work problems, as well as workers who often mobile, which led to frequent being away from home, then leaving their homes empty and uninhabited. Usually, the homeowner will turn on the porch light of his house and other electronic equipment when he is leaving his house for a long time and the house is left empty or no one is home. Electronic equipment such as lights and tv will continue to be on during the day and night while the homeowner is away. This condition is not efficient when viewed from electricity-saving management, because all day long the electronic device will continue to run and result in an increase in the number of electricity bills at home. It is very ineffective if the homeowner has to return home just to turn on or turn off the electronic device. Also, this is done because sometimes other people think that if the electronic device does not turn on at night, it means that no one is in the house [1]. This assumption condition of the room that is left for a long time will cause the condition of the room to not be healthy, we also have to turn on the air conditioner such as the exhaust at certain times, so that the room remains fresh like a house that is maintained and inhabited. In other words, in addition to having the goal of efficiency in electricity use and maintaining the freshness IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1073/1/012027 2 and health of the space and environment of the house, we also need security or prevent things that we don't want from happening to our homes when left empty. Starting from this condition, a system that can be used to control electronic equipment such as house lights, alarms, and others will be developed using the web-based internet as a medium for accessing servers at home and via the PLN power cable as communication between modules [1].

Raspberry Pi
Raspberry Pi is a computer for a credit card developed in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. One of the products Raspberry Pi is the Raspberry Pi 3 Model B. Affordable compared to buy a PC for simple computing. What's more, its small size and consumption very low electrical power makes it very suitable for various purposes [2]. All Operating Systems is based on Linux. For novice users, Raspberry Pi Foundation advises to use New Out of the Box Software (NOOBS) in installing the OS on in it there is a choice of operating systems that can be installed.

FUZZY logic
Fuzzy logic has a degree of membership in the range 0 (zero) to 1 (one) and fuzzy logic shows the extent to which a value is true and the extent to which a value is false. Fuzzy logic is an appropriate way to map an input space into an output space and have a continuous value. Fuzzy is expressed in terms of membership degrees and degrees of truth. Therefore something can be said to be partly right and partly wrong at the same time [3].

Sensor Passive Infrared Receiver (PIR sensor)
Passive Infrared Receiver (PIR) Sensor is a passive sensor, where the sensor is does not radiate any inner energy detect something. PIR works with detects emitted infrared radiation by objects around it, such as the human body. Within the PIR there are sections with functions different, namely Fresnel Lens, IR Filter, Pyroelectric sensor, amplifier and comparator [4].

PHP
PHP is generally known as programming language scripts that create HTML document on the fly that is executed on the web server, an HTML document is generated of an application is not an HTML document created using a text editor or editor HTML. Also known as a programming language server side [5].

Actuator simulation software
Actuator simulation software is used show the movement of actuator and using mathematical models to replicate the behavior of an actual electronic device or circuit. Simulation software allows for modeling of circuit operation and is an invaluable analysis tool.

Relay
Relay is an electromagnetic device operated by changing a condition electrical circuit. Useful for activating other equipment by opening or close contact by giving a circuit the relay is a logic 1 or 0. One of the uses the main relay in the industrial world is to implementation of control logic in a system. As a "programming language" it is used a configuration called a ladder diagram or relay ladder logic.

DHT11
Temperature and humidity sensor is a sensor for sensing temperature and humidity objects in 1 module which has a calibrated digital output signal. This module is classified into a resistive element such as a temperature measuring device, for example, NTC. The advantage of this sensor compared to others is IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1073/1/012027 3 that it has good quality sensing data reading, is responsive (fast in reading room conditions), and is not easily interfered with [6].

Python
Python is designed to make it easy which is very unusual to good programmers in terms of time efficiency and convenience in program development and in terms of compatibility with the system. Python can used to create tandalone programs and script programming (scripting programming) [7].

Design of prototype
Design and drawing of a prototype for a home system and sensor possioning. Shows a miniature house plan consisting of 6 areas. Explanation of the control of each area in a miniature house as follows:. In the living room, living room, and kitchen, there are light and humidity sensors in the room that will control the fan lights. In the bedroom and bathroom, there are motion sensors that will control the lights. In the room, there is a motion sensor that will control the lights and a temperature sensor to control the fan. In the plant watering area, there is a water sensor and a motor to control the opening and closing of the water valve for sprinkling. This Sensor description:

Yellow color for the light control sensor
This section will control the windows for air exchange and lamps for lighting. In the lamp, the LDR sensor will detect the intensity of the light around it. If the light is bright, the light will turn off automatically The lights can also be controlled automatically and manually on the application if needed.

Red color for PIR (motion) sensor
The PIR sensor will detect the movement of objects around. If there is no object movement, the light will automatically turn off. These lights can also be controlled automatically and manually on application if needed [5].

The blue color for the plant watering sensor
This section will control the valve to adjust the water intensity to be used for watering the plants. There are 2 temperature condition parameters to control the valve, the valve will automatically shut off. If the IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1073/1/012027 4 temperature is detected hot (with a predetermined temperature parameter), then the valve condition turns on and flushes automatically [7].

Methods
Operating system flow diagram. Process flow sending commands to the Raspberry Pi device, starting from the button indicating activation the system will then run the function the goal, so as not to happen loading data continuously on the controlling database or wab base, which will result in a crash on the system. The combined circuit scheme of several sets of hardware components into one comprehensive circuit. In this study, an automatic control system was applied to a house consisting of seven controlled areas. This control uses a light sensor, motion sensor, and temperature sensorandroid application for easy remote control. When auto mode is activated, the data is sent to the Raspberry Pi Zero microcontroller via the database [5]. The microcontroller will process data according to the data sent by the application then the data is sent back to the application via the database. For example controlling in manual mode. The user turns on the fan control by pressing the ON switch on the application. The data is sent to the microcontroller via the database to be processed and then moves the fan blade. The data is sent back to the database .net. There are 2 condition parameters to control the valve, If humidity is detected close to point 95 (with a predetermined temperature parameter), then the valve condition turns on and starts flushing automatically. The set points are in the vulnerable range between 45 da, 95 degree pie. The sensor detects a temperature of less than 20 degrees, the sensor sends a command to the microcontroller to execute the command to the driver, which is to turn off the fan. If not, the sensor detects a temperature of 20 degrees to 30 degrees, then the sensor sends a command to the microcontroller to execute the command to the driver to turn on the fan at high speed. Indicates that the input from the light sensor and motion sensor. If in manual mode, the user can control the lights in each room with the direct ON or OFF command in the application. If not, the motion sensor detects movement (value 1), then the sensor sends a command to the microcontroller to execute the command, namely turning on the light (ON). If not, the sensor sends a command to the microcontroller to turn off the light (OFF).

Results
The results of the system system are divided into tests of soil temperature and humidity.

Data collection Humidity sensor on the 7 day of implementation
Soil moisture testing is done to determine whether soil moisture control is functioning properly or not. In this case, a moisture control system is used to stabilize the soil in the process of planting plants in the yard. The humidity setpoint is entered into the system with the lower set point 35 -95. In this case, a moisture control system is used to stabilize the soil in the process of planting plants in the yard. The humidity setpoint is entered into the system with the lower set point 45 -95.  Temperature testing is carried out to determine whether the temperature control is functioning properly or not. The temperature set point is entered in the system with a temperature between 22⁰C to 27⁰C.

Data collection motion sensor of implementation
The sensitivity of the Passive Infrared Receiver (PIR) sensor sends the measured data to the microcontroller with an average delay of 15.1 seconds and in general, this Passive Infrared Receiver (PIR) sensor has an effective reading range of up to 3 meters, and this sensor is very effectively used as a human detector.

Conclusion
In the process of controlling the smart home system, starting from soil moisture and temperature to functionality, a melting point setpoint can be achieved from 35⁰C to 95⁰C with a setting time of 10 minutes of data collection. The closer the motion to the PIR sensor is captured, the faster the response is generated when there is movement