Effect of ferromagnetic shunt manual armature return polarized electromagnet on electromagnet power performance

Using the FEMM program, models of a neutral electromagnet, a polarized electromagnet without a shunt and a polarized electromagnet with a shunt for manual armature return to the initial position have been developed to study a shunt effect on an electromagnet power characteristics. It has been established that the polarized electromagnet anchor attraction electromagnetic force without a shunt at a critical (initial) working gap is 1.44 times greater than that of a neutral electromagnet. A polarized electromagnet with a shunt armature attraction electromagnetic force with an initial gap is 1.1 times less than that of a polarized electromagnet without a shunt. The shunt initial and final positions influence investigations on the armature attraction electromagnetic force magnitude have been carried out. It is shown that in the armature final position and the shunt initial position, the armature attraction force from the permanent magnet is sufficient to keep the contactor contacts closed. When the shunt is moved to the end position, the force from the permanent magnet is not enough to hold the armature in the pulled position and the condition is provided for opening the contactor contacts. Studies have confirmed that a ferromagnetic shunt, designed to manually return a polarized electromagnet armature to its initial position, the contactor in normal operation leads to a decrease in the drive electromagnet magnetomotive force.