The dynamics of household residence and decision making where to purchase rice in a sustainable development era: A case study in urban and rural Indonesia

Food security is a condition in which food is available to every individual at any time, both physically and economically. In line with the Sustainable Development Goals, the Indonesian government has made efforts to improve food security, especially rice as main staple food. This study aims to know the form of purchased rice of household in urban and rural areas and to examine the relationship between household residences on decisions about where to purchase rice in a sustainable development era. This study uses micro data of 1047 households, consists of 486 urban households and 561 rural households. The data was collected through web survey in August 2020, then it was analysed by using descriptive method. The results showed that households in urban and rural Indonesia had quite different decisions in purchasing rice. The rice purchasing in modern places, such as supermarkets and minimarkets, is mostly carried out by urban households. Meanwhile, rice purchasing in non-modern places, such as markets and rice millings, is mostly performed by rural households. In addition, households in the rural area also prefer to buy uncooked rice from rice milling and farmers, and some households do not buy rice since they have owned rice fields. The number of household who buy cooked rice is larger in urban than in rural. Urban household is more widely on where to purchase rice than rural households.