Molecular and Quantitative genetic Variation of Shape and Size of Wings for Populations of Ch. Megacephala by Using Outline-Based Geometric Morphometric Technique

There are several different methods of classifying Insect. One of these methods that were used Geometric Morphometric of wings technique to study the impact of Imipramine tab. on variation the shape and size of the wings of populations of Ch. Megacephala,The results showed that the average Centroid size of the left wing of populations that treated were 1077.3 and 1055.8 uM for the population were un treated and did not show any significant differences in the average of the centriod size for the left front wing for two colonies of populations of Ch. Megacephalan. When reclassification percent using discriminate analysis, the results showed that all specimens of populations are completely identical that mean the populations represent the same species. Furthermore, results of the statistical analysis by using ANOVA test showed that there were no significant differences in the average of the centriod size for the left wing for two colonies of population of Ch. Megacephala


Introduction:
The larvae of the majority of metal fly species feed on carrion or on the decaying tissue of the host , these species are attracted to carrion and can be reared on such substances in different regions of the world , and the success of their breeding on such carrion is influenced by several factors and the most important are temperature , relative humidity and rainfall( 1 ) . Both researchers (2 ;3 ) pointed out that there is agreat similarity between the two species Ch. megacephala (Fab.) ; Ch.bezziana (Vill.) and the ease of overlap in diagnosis between them , the larg -headed mayasis fly Ch. megacephala (Fab.) is spreading in many countries of the world as well as spreading locally, is one of the Facultative parasite it is possible to rearing their larvae on carrion and the 2 tissues of the host in very large quantities, as the are widespread in the environment in which humans live , especially in poor region as aresult of poor health conditions and the abundance of decaying substances , the mayasis fly was wide sepeared in latin America, and this type arrived in the united states of America ( 4;5 ) . This type of fly has recently entered the new world after the increase in livestock trade between Brazil and Europe . These cases and animal beat are not transported to veterinary clinics where sheap account for the largest proportion in terms of the number of injuries recorded in veterinary clinics compared to other animals ( ( 6 ) Geometric measures have been used by diagnosing the shape and composition of the wing Geomtric Morphometric, known for the science that studies the metric measurement of the composition or shape, the quatitative analysis of the form and the implementation of this technigue of analysis in general on all living organismis and benefits in the analysis of the fossil record of it and the knowledge of the differences between environmental factors and form and that the main benefit of this technigue is that it uses all the information available about the events of the features and thus determine the changes of shape ( 7 ) .The aim of the study is to study the effect of the pills Impramine affecting nervous in differences in the shape and size of the wing of insects Ch. megacephala using thr geometric scale outline -Based Geometric Morphometric , as well as to compare the individuals of the same population group .

Material and methods :
Sample collection : Acalf lung was used for the purpose of attached Blue fly after being placed in ablck bag inside apastic container placed on awooden table inside an iron cage, after laying eggs by adults that were lifted using aflat metal playground and sterilized on apiece of calf liver inside aplastic container in the laboratory the resulting larvae weretaken and followed up and raised and divided in to two groups: one group consisting of twenty gm of good carp and blended calf liver meat .2ug emprammeen tab . two group : The larvae were placed on 20 gm of non-drug-treated veal liver after the larve were raised and the adults of Ch megacephla were completed growth The method was followed in the preparation of glass slides of the wings ( 8 ), 32 insects were isolated in containers and left without feed until they died and dried. After drying, the left wing of each sample was removed by precise forceps while maintaining the wing of the break ; then placed between two glass slides and connect the edge of the slide with a paper tape with the pattern information (date and place)written on one end of the slide. After the preparation of the glass slides, a digital microscope was attached to a calculator with a 1.3 megapixel digital camera and a camera with ultraviolet. After the UV imaging process is completed, images are saved for each region in special files until the analysis results.

Data collection and analysis :
After photographing the wings of samples , the data of each sampels were collected separately by using CLIC program (collecting landmark for and characterization) specialized for morphometric analysis that was described by ( 9 ) . The program is available and feely downloaded from the website http: //www.mpl .ird.fr / Morphometrics. The CLIC program is composed of package of units and briefly summarized in table 1. Collecting landmark on picture with short related information TET (table espaciostabulaciones) Helps to prepare a simple data base associated with the format .txt

MOG (morfometriageomtrica) Use and visualize the data that coordinates in the format.txt COV ( mancova) Estimate the difference between the centroid size VAR (variation and variance) Performs t-test comparisons of means and F test comparisons of variances for centroid size ASI (asymmetry of shape and size)
Use ANOVA test to assessing the symmetry of shape and size The distance between each pair of landmarks were computed by TET unit were converted, and data which were found in files with the extensions (coord .txt) of the species in same provinces were compared to file with extensions (format .txt), and then integrated it with that of the same species in the other provinces, in order to determine the compatibility and variability of the species.After finishing of integration of the data of species many operation including (Translation , Scaling and Rotation ) have been carried out by MOG unit on coordinate landmark which therefore lead to determine the Centroid size of the wing.
In this study, Centroid size was used for comparison between the species which represented the sum of square of distance between the center and every landmark put on the wing [9] , Therefore, statistical significance was estimated of the difference between the centroid size of the wing done by COV unit (ManCova) which is a Multivariate analysis of Covariance and estimated it by comparing the data that were computed in file extension with (CS.txt).
Asymmetry analysis by ASI unite (Asymmetry of shape and size ) was used to provided statistical assessment of asymmetry in shape and size of wing between the common species in provinces and the data would be found as output   8 . the variations in the shape and size of the wing in the treatment are lower than the variations in the control samples . and that they don't go back to one type with asimple change for some of the population. this is clear from the matching of the landmarks of the treatment and also from the rate of central size of wing where there is no moral difference among the members of these sample when using the unit ASI .where two table 2;3 showed the results of the analysis of the contrast to the symmetry of the shape and size of the left wing and the and the absence of amoral difference between the populationof theinsect sample Ch. megacephala and the two colonies , and there are several reasons , one of these reasons physiological and is considered the main method which led to differences during the different stages of the growth, mutations and toxins also have an effect on the external form of the insect and found there did not individually , they appear in shape , but were found during the stages of growth generated to occurrence of abnormalities in small-age, and also the effect of Genes in the metabolism of the insect in the early stage, and the occurrence of random mutations with in species. From this study , we conclude that there are small , non-moral statistical differences between the two colonies ( treatment and control ) , which is belong to one species .