Abstract
The paper presents the results of research on the formation of complex hybrid populations, and evaluates collection samples of clover, alfalfa, and sainfoin based on a set of economically valuable traits for creating hay-pasture varieties. The research was based on promising plants and their biomechanical mixture, which was sown in a wide row and individually in a row. Weak and underdeveloped plants were mowed down by negative selection. During the period of budding - the beginning of flowering, economic and valuable traits were taken into account, cutting plants at a height of 10-12 cm. The direct dependence of seed formation of the studied crops on weather conditions is noted. In the first year of life, alfalfa plants developed unevenly, reaching a maximum height of 58 cm and a minimum height of 26 cm. Evaluation of the productivity of the studied legume grasses (clover, alfalfa, esparcet), which was determined by the calculation method based on the mass of seeds from one plant, showed that the maximum level of seed yield was formed by samples that exceeded the standard variety by 15-20%. Polycross nurseries were created for three crops (clover, alfalfa, and sainfoin). Samples were selected for a complex of economically valuable features. Correlation dependences of selected plants on the number of internodes and seed productivity were revealed. Plants were selected based on their productivity and adaptability to form new varieties. A data bank of clover, alfalfa and sainfoin was created to form varieties with high seed productivity.
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