The comparative analysis of the mineral nitrogen fertilizers

According to the results of physical and chemical modeling, the chemical form of nitrogen fertilizers has a significant effect on the thermodynamic parameters of systems with their application. The chemical activity of nitrogen in sandy soils is higher than in clay soils, and decreases in the series: potassium nitrate - ammonium nitrate - urea - ammonia hydrate, i.e., decreases with the transition from the oxidized form of nitrogen +5 to reduced -3. Potassium and sodium nitrate are optimal with regard to the chemical activity of nitrogen in sandy soils. In clay soils, on the contrary, the maximum activity of nitrogen is provided by the use of urea containing a reduced form of nitrogen. The reactivity of oxygen is higher in clay soils and increases with the transition from oxidized to reduced forms of nitrogen. Therefore, to increase the activity of oxygen in sandy and clay soils, it is preferable to use urea and ammonia water. The binding efficiency of atmospheric nitrogen increases in the series: ammonia hydrate, urea - ammonium nitrate - potassium nitrate, and thus, systems containing highly oxidized nitrogen are favorable for fixing atmospheric nitrogen.