The influence of orientation of photovoltaic panels on the amount of electric energy production for consumers

The paper presents how the energy demands of selected consumers of electric energy may be satisfied with the use of a photovoltaic plant. The essence of the problem concerns, on one hand, dynamics of change of a daily profile of electric energy consumption by a consumer and on the other hand, provision of properties and parameters of a PV power plant. The production size of electric energy was determined for panels positioned at the 30 degree angle with east, south, west and east and west orientation operating simultaneously. The obtained results were compared with a daily dynamics of electric energy demands for a dairy, sewage treatment plant, water uptake station and rural farms. The analysis was carried out for the selected summer months (June, July and August) based on hourly time intervals both for the energy source and a recipient. Based on the collected data and calculations made, a level of substitution of conventional energy with energy from a PV plant for particular recipients was determined with the use of the coefficient of satisfaction of electric energy demand. Based on the experiment one may expect that the PV energy demand will be satisfied at the level between 23 a d 39%. In this case, the direction of panels' location was not significant. Moreover, the coefficient of energy excess, which a consumer cannot use, was determined. The lowest values of this excess for positioning of panels at the east and west direction simultaneously were achieved. In these conditions, the unused electric energy constituted not more than 7%.