Coordinated control of AGC with consideration PEVs and controllable loads in power system with renewable energy sources

According to the complementary nature of different power supplies, we proposed an optimal control system model based on model predictive control (MPC) in existing automatic generation control (AGC) framework to support effective operation of the AGC with the considerations of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and controllable loads, to achieve full utilization of renewable energy sources, and to reduce the imbalance between supply and demand in the grid as far as possible. According to dynamics and update rate of power supplies at different time scales, as well as their actual power and energy constraints, MPC load distributor can find a solution of the MPC programming problem to well control the reserve capacities from the conventional generators, PEVs and controllable loads so that the tracking error of area control error (ACE) can be minimized. Massive simulation studies were performed under various control elements, such as different power combinations, different control reserve capacities, different ramp rates and different input control update rates. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.