Metaphorical Architecture of Tanean Lanjhang as a programming concept for Indonesia Islamic Science Park (IISP) – Madura, towards Sustainable Urban Tourism

The current trend in Indonesia involves extensive urban development across various sectors, including tourism. The province of East Java has plans to create an area that not only entertains but also educates and imparts cultural and Islamic values. This concept is known as the Indonesia Islamic Science Park (IISP), which is intended to be built on Madura Island. However, the Madurese community holds strong reservations towards modern infrastructure due to their cultural traditions. Therefore, the design concept for the Indonesia Islamic Science Park serves as an alternative approach to address these concerns. This research employs an intangible metaphorical approach that maps elements of the traditional Tanean Lanjhang house arrangement pattern into zones within the Indonesia Islamic Science Park. Data collection related to Tanean Lanjhang includes literature review and field surveys. The transformation process utilizes source-to-target mapping frameworks. This mapping is carried out to select source objects that can be explored for information to be directed towards the target domain (architecture). This data or information will be reduced into design criteria to be used in formulating the spatial program and zoning for the Indonesia Islamic Science Park area. Ultimately, a spatial program concept like this can become the hallmark of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park, offering a unique tourist destination that is not only reminiscent of the local culture but is also readily embraced by all members of the community.


Introduction
The Indonesia Islamic Science Park (IISP) represents a visionary initiative spearheaded by the government of East Java Province, envisioning something exceptional in this region.IISP is an ambitious project that converges elements of halal tourism, education, an Islamic center, and recreation.It aims to become more than just an ordinary tourist destination; it will be an international attraction promoting profound insights into the cultural and religious values of Islam while providing entertainment and educational experiences [1].
The location of IISP on Madura Island is a highly relevant choice, considering the unique culture and character of its inhabitants.Madura Island has long been known for its strong culture and deeprooted traditions.This also includes occasional resistance among the Madurese population towards modern infrastructure development.This resistance can be understood as concerns regarding its IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1351/1/012005 2 potential negative impacts on the integrity of their cultural and religious values.A clear example of this resistance was observed during the construction of the Suramadu Bridge connecting Madura Island to Surabaya [2].The Madurese community, in general, tends to ensure that development and modernization do not erode the values and cultural identity they hold dear.
On the other hand, what sets Madura Island apart is their high level of commitment and devotion to cultural values and the Islamic religion in their daily lives.This culture is an integral part of Madurese life, making it a crucial element in planning IISP.The close interconnection between cultural values and Islamic religion reflects their strong commitment to their identity and beliefs.Therefore, IISP must respond wisely to these dynamics to build a harmonious relationship with the Madurese community.
To ensure the success of IISP, it is imperative that this project is embraced by both the Madurese community and the wider public.The benefits are clear, with the potential to boost the economy of Madura Island, enhance understanding of Islamic values, and create new employment opportunities.However, to achieve optimal acceptance within the Madurese community, IISP must incorporate a concept deeply rooted in Madurese culture.This will ensure that the project not only preserves but also promotes the cultural heritage held dear by the local community [3].Furthermore, in terms of architecture, the use of the "Tanean Lanjhang" theme would be a wise approach, honoring local traditions while offering opportunities for sustainable and positive economic development for Madura Island and East Java as a whole.In this way, IISP will become a place that celebrates culture and offers positive benefits to the Madurese community and all visitors.This research also offers a new way of creating spatial planning by utilizing traditional architecture from the Madurese community.

Tanean Lanjhang
Indonesia is a country that is rich in cultural diversity, especially in terms of traditional houses.Traditional houses in Indonesia can reflect the ethnic diversity, traditions and geography that exist in Indonesia.Each region has a unique architectural style and construction materials that reflect the character of its people.Traditional houses are not only physical buildings, but also contain values, symbolism and functions in the lives of local people.One example is the Madura traditional house, namely Tanean Lanjhang.Investigating this, Tanean Lanjhang is a traditional Madura house with a unique layout concept.The Tanean Lanjhang order or hierarchy begins with the main house (Tongguh) which faces South, followed by the kobhung (family prayer room), Dapor and Kandhang [4].Tanenan itself means "yard" and Lanjhang means "long".Therefore, Tanean Lanjhang can also be interpreted as a yard that extends from west to east, making this yard a shared area that can be used communally by the local community [5].As time goes by, many of these traditional houses have undergone renovation or even reconstruction, but several areas still maintain their ancestors' cultural heritage.
In this research, the author will discuss the layout pattern of the Tanean Lanjhang House.The Tanean Lanjhang arrangement pattern consists of certain parts that can characterize or differentiate Tanean Lanjhang from other traditional houses.These sections include "Main House or Tongghuh",This part of the area is where the parents live, if the family has a daughter who is married then a house will be made right to the east of the main house, this placement will continue until the last daughter with placement in a longitudinal position to the east in sequence starting from the eldest daughter of the family.Another part of Tanean Lanjhang is "kobhung or langgar", this part is the most important part which is the axis of the Tanean Lanjhang traditional house, Kobhung or langgar is at the westernmost end facing East as the end of the building in the Tanean Lanjhang area.Kobhung or langgar can be used by boys in the family to gather and rest.The remaining two parts are "Dhapor" and "Kandhang" This section is located south-facing north.When you meet where the number of girls is large, while the land owned is limited, the composition of Tanean Lanjhang can change, with the same order from the west end then ending in the east, while the "Dhapor" and "Kandhang" It can be shifted to the area behind the house or it can be moved directly to the west or east Kobhung, because of the original land "Dhapor" and "Kandhang" will be used as land for a residence.More concisely can be seen in Figure 1.The uniqueness of Tanean Lanjhang will be made concept Indonesia Islamic Science Park (IISP) which can combine the culture on Madura Island with the desires of the market or investors so that it can provide recreational and educational public space, it is hoped that the local community and the general public will well receive it.

Method
In the field of architecture, there are various approaches, one of which is Metaphorical Architecture.Examining the word "Metaphor," its origin comes from the Latin word "metaphora," which means "to carry" and the Greek word μεταφορά (metaphora), which means "to transfer," derived from μεταφέρω (metapherōmetapherein), meaning "to carry" or "to transfer" [6].According to Larson in 1998, a metaphor is a figurative expression based on comparison [7].Meanwhile, Metaphorical Architecture, as defined by Anthony C. Antoniades, a Greek-American architect and author, is a way to understand something by explaining one object using another object and attempting to see one object as something different [8].
According to Anthony C. Antoniades in his book titled "Poetics of Architecture: Theory of Design," metaphorical architecture is classified into three categories: Intangible Metaphor (Abstract Metaphor), Tangible Metaphor (Concrete Metaphor), and Combined Metaphor.Firstly, Intangible Metaphor (Abstract Metaphor) involves the emergence of metaphors within the concept and ideas, capturing the essence of objects or things being metaphorized.In the context of architecture, Intangible Metaphor refers to the use of abstract concepts, ideas, or values like individualism, nature, tradition, etc., to shape design elements within buildings.This allows architects to convey deeper meanings through physical elements in architectural design.Secondly, Tangible Metaphor pertains to architectural concepts referencing tangible, visually perceptible objects.Metaphors in this category can be visually manifested through architectural forms and materials.Lastly, Combined Metaphor refers to architectural designs that incorporate both concrete and abstract metaphors in their concepts, ideas, perceptions, and forms.In Combined Metaphor, the concept and visuals complement each other as fundamental elements, and visualization serves to achieve the desired foundational qualities in architectural design [9].
In the development of the concept for the Indonesia Islamic Science Park (IISP), an intangible architectural metaphor approach will be applied.The IISP design will metaphorically draw inspiration from the traditional Tanean Lanjhang house originating from Madura Island.This research discusses the stages of transformation from non-architectural sources of information to the architectural syntax target using the domain-to-domain transfer method [10].Objects are identified by collecting data  The final outcome of this domain-to-domain transfer will result in design concepts and criteria for the spatial program and zoning of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park.The aim is for this concept to be embraced by the Madurese community and the general public.

Result and Discussion
The Indonesia Islamic Science Park is part of the development plan outlined in the KSN Gerbangkertosusila, East Java.This park is envisioned as an internationally recognized center for halal tourism in East Java.The application of the Tanean Lanjhang spatial pattern concept as the spatial program for the Indonesia Islamic Science Park aims to accommodate community acceptance.By implementing this concept, the zoning within the Indonesia Islamic Science Park attempts to follow the Tanean Lanjhang spatial pattern, which is closely associated with the local community, especially the Madura community.
From an architectural perspective, Tanean Lanjhang consists of four building elements and a long central courtyard.These building elements and the courtyard serve various functions and activities.Using an intangible metaphorical approach (aligning with the activities and functions within each zone), these four building elements and the courtyard are translated into the spatial program of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park.Additionally, by metaphorically translating the spatial pattern, another aspect that can be applied is the east-west orientation of Tanean Lanjhang, which can also be incorporated into the spatial program of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park.
Based on the intangible metaphorical architectural approach, considering the activities accommodated and the functions of the buildings, the resulting spatial program can be seen in Table 1.According to Table 1, the Langgar or mosque in Tanean Lanjhang becomes the Islamic zone in the Indonesia Islamic Science Park.This zone accommodates similar activities and features the same building, which is the central mosque of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park (Figure 3).This mosque also serves as one of the landmarks of the park.The traditional Madurese houses, known as Tongghuh, become the Identity zone [10].This zone is chosen because Tongghuh (residential homes) possess unique characteristics in their wall ornaments, which are exclusive to Tanean Lanjhang.The Identity zone is located on the north side of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park.On the south side, there are two other zones: the Economic zone and the Tourism and Education zone.The Economic zone is derived from the metaphor of the dhapor building in Tanean Lanjhang, accommodating economic activities.Meanwhile, the Tourism and Education zone is a metaphor for the kandhang structure.Activities housed within the kandhang have the potential to serve as livestock tourism and educational facilities [11].The concept of space program and zoning is supported by an arterial road on the western side of the design site.This arterial road meets the requirements and is a one-way street.On the west side, the road is designed to serve as the entrance to the identity zone and the Islamic zone.Subsequently, the exit road is located in the Islamic zone and the economic zone.In addition to the arterial road, there are existing collector roads that serve as entrance and exit points for the economic zone and the tourism and education zone (Figure 3).With this site layout (Figure 5) and the arrangement of the spatial program (Figure 4), it can be identified that the mosque is situated in the center, in accordance with the Tanean Lanjhang spatial pattern.To the east of the mosque, there is a green open space that extends to the eastern side.

Conclusion
The development of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park area began with an observation of the Madurese community's strong resistance to developments that do not align with Madurese values and culture.It is essential to acknowledge that any development in the region that does not respect the values and traditions of the Madura people is likely to face rejection.Conversely, the development of the Indonesia Islamic Science Park offers numerous benefits and positive impacts that can be enjoyed by both the Madurese community and the general population.
Therefore, it becomes imperative to shape the program and spatial concepts in alignment with Madurese culture, making it more readily accepted by the Madura community.The metaphorical architectural approach has been employed to translate the arrangement Tanean Lanjhang patterns into the Indonesia Islamic Science Park area.
Through this spatial program, the Indonesia Islamic Science Park can grow according to its predefined goals and plans while serving as a platform for the development of Madurese culture.It can

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Tanean Lanjhang Source: personal documents .1088/1755-1315/1351/1/012005 4 through literature review and field surveys.Subsequently, the selection of objects from the source domain is carried out and reduced towards the target domain through a transfer framework (figure2).

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. Indonesian Islamic Science Park Blockplan: Zoning Division Source: personal documents

Table 1 .
Results of Spatial Program Metaphors for the Indonesia Islamic Science Park based on the Tanean Lanjhang Spatial Pattern