Optimization model : Broiler chicken farmers plasma members from the core partnership of broiler chicken farming in Indonesia for recruitment and welfare

The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of broiler chicken farmers regarding their motivation in partnering in broiler chicken partnerships, to find out the factors that influence the loyalty of broiler chicken farmers to broiler chicken partnerships, and to know the optimization model for receiving BPJS contributions from members of broiler chicken partnerships. The method used is (research objective) this research is descriptive correlational, which aims to determine the description of the research variables and determine the relationship between these variables. The research results show that the breeder’s characteristics have a significant influence on the motivation to participate in the partnership. This means that the better the breeder’s characteristics, the higher the livestock’s motivation to participate in the partnership. From the results of the research presented, it can be concluded that Farmer characteristics influence the motivation for farmer participation in the plasma boiler chicken core partnership, farmer characteristics and community empowerment influence partnership member loyalty and motivation for participation in the partnership, community empowerment, partnership member loyalty, optimization of recruitment, and Empowerment influences member welfare, then member welfare influences the optimization of BPJS health contribution payments.


1..Introduction
One of the steps that can be taken to participate in national development is to meet food needs ,[5], , [9].In Indonesia, food supply is still not balanced when compared with the current total food raw materials because people's need for protein is increasing.As for the livestock subsector in Indonesia, the boiler chicken commodity can be a step to fulfill food raw materials, although it could be said that consumption of chicken meat is currently increasing even from year to year.Currently, chicken meat consumption is up to 1,893,082 tons every year, [12],, [7].Chicken meat consumption in this country is far below the per capita consumption of several countries in ASEAN where others reach 31,893,082 tonnes per capita each year so it can be predicted whether chicken meat consumption will continue to increase.In Indonesia now, it is said every year, [4] And currently it can be predicted in Indonesia that demand for chicken meat products will continue to grow approximately every year until 2025.
Based on the problems fced by broiler chicken breeders, a forum or institution is needed that functions to overcome problems that can improve the welfare of broiler chicken breeders, [1].
Partnership is the right institution to handle the problems of the people's economic system.The link between the partnership and the broiler chicken business is not only a historical factor in government policy on the development of the boiler chicken business, but the partnership is also an institution with the task of being an editor between the broiler chicken slaughtering industry and its breeders , [11].There is a very close connection/relationship between the partnership and the broiler chicken business, so that the development of broiler chickens is very dependent on the partnership's ability to carry out its functions.
The solution to this problem is the need to create a member recruitment model that can increase the attractiveness of broiler chicken farmers to join the broiler chicken partnership.With the increase in partnership members, BPJS classes will also be higher so that health services for broiler chicken partnership members will be optimal,[10]-, [3].Based on these thoughts, the author is interested in synthesizing the problems that occur with the title "Model for Optimizing Acceptance and Recruitment of BPJS Contribution Participants for Plasma Member Broiler Chicken Farmers from the Core of the Broiler Chicken Farming Partnership in Indonesia" From the background above, this study aims to determine the characteristics of boiler chicken farmers regarding their motivation to join the boiler chicken partnership, to find out the factors that influence the loyalty of lay broiler breeders towards free partnerships and to find out the model for optimizing BPJS contribution receipts for chicken partnership members broilers.

Material and Methods
This research was a quantitative research method design using experience survey categories.The research samples used were all broiler chicken breeders where they were also members of the broiler chicken partnership breeders, breeders who had not yet joined the broiler chicken partnership and breeders who had left the broiler chicken partnership.
This study used primary data collection techniques, which were obtained from the results of interviews, observations and filling out questionnaires by respondents.While secondary data collection techniques are obtained from research institutes, for example the Central Statistics Agency (BPJS), the Animal Husbandry Service, as well as relevant scientific literature and reports.Interviews were conducted with the aim of obtaining technical data information and supporting the completion of data through questionnaires.The interview technique was also carried out by asking questions and answers to broiler chicken breeders who had joined and had not yet joined the broiler chicken partnership.Meanwhile, the questionnaire is in the form of a list of questions prepared so that the objectives are achieved.The questionnaire list was then submitted to each broiler chicken breeder who was part of the partnership.
This research uses technical is inferential statistical analysis or SEM with validity and reliability tests.Validity and reliability tests in this research were carried out using the SEM method via WARP PLS 5 software, because the SEM method can directly explain validity and reliability tests

General description
There are seven variables used in this study, namely farmer socio-economics, motivation for participation in partnerships, community empowerment, partnership member loyalty, empowerment, member welfare, and optimization of BPJS health contribution payments.Descriptions of research variables are presented using the average value (mean) and standard deviation (SD) of each indicator for each variable.

Uji goodness of fit model struktural (inner model)
Goodness of fit in a new model is created for the purpose of explanatory research activities so that the calculation of the coefficient of determination is important, because the R-Square is useful in explaining the percentage of the response variable that can be explained by the predictor variable, so that the model's value becomes better if the value of the coefficient of determination obtained also getting bigger or higher (1 or 100%).The results of the R-squared calculation can be seen in the table The goodness of fit test results show that based on the Cmin/df index, Incremental Fit Index (IFI), Goodness of Fit Index (GFI), Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI), TLI, Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) meets the GoF provisions so that it is stated that the structural model of the relationship between breeder socio-economics, motivation for participation in partnerships, community empowerment, loyalty of partnership members, empowerment of member welfare, and optimization of BPJS health contribution payments can be used in research Based on the output described in the R-Square table, the results obtained from testing the coefficient of determination of the influence on member welfare which is explained by motivation for participation in the partnership, community empowerment, loyalty of partnership members, optimization of recruitment and empowerment is 64.8 percent, then for the remaining influence others are explained by other factors outside the research.Then the influence on optimizing the payment of BPJS health contributions, which is explained by the breeder's socio-economics and member welfare, is 37.5 percent.

Hypothesis test
The results of testing the socio-economic influence of breeders on motivation to participate in partnerships obtained a path coefficient of 0.705 where the significance value (p) is 0.000 (p < 0.05) so that it is stated that there is a positive and significant influence between socio-economic breeders on motivation to participate in partnerships, meaning that it is getting bigger.Both the socio-economic status of the breeder and the breeder will have a significant influence on increasing motivation for participation in the partnership.
The results of testing the socio-economic influence of breeders on the loyalty of partnership members showed that the path coefficient was 0.232 where the significance value (p) was 0.007 (p < 0.05) so that it was stated that there was a positive and significant influence between the socioeconomics of breeders on the loyalty of partnership members, meaning that the better the socioeconomic The breeder owned by the breeder will have a significant influence on increasing the loyalty of partnership partnership members.
The results of testing the effect of community empowerment on the loyalty of partnership members obtained a path coefficient of 0.216 with a significance value (p) of 0.009 (p < 0.05) so that it was stated that there was a positive and significant influence between community empowerment on the loyalty of partnership members, meaning that the better the community empowerment.owned by breeders will have a significant influence on increasing the loyalty of partnership members.
The results of testing the influence of motivation for participation in partnerships on members' welfare showed that the path coefficient was 0.180 where the significance value (p) was 0.022 (p < 0.05) so that it was stated that there was a positive and significant influence between motivation for participation in partnerships on members' welfare, meaning that the better the motivation.Participation in partnerships owned by breeders will have a significant effect on increasing the welfare of members.
The results of testing the influence of loyalty of partnership members on member welfare obtained that the path coefficient was 0.172 with a significance value (p) of 0.030 (p < 0.05) so that it was stated that there was a positive and significant influence between the loyalty of partnership 4 members on member welfare, meaning that the loyalty of partnership members increased.owned by breeders will have a significant influence on increasing the welfare of members.
The results of testing the effect of optimizing recruitment on member welfare obtained a path coefficient of 0.180 with a significance (p) value of 0.016 (p < 0.05) so that it was stated that there was a positive and significant influence between optimizing recruitment on member welfare, meaning that the better the optimization of recruitment carried out would be.has a significant effect on increasingly improve member welfare.
The results of testing the influence of loyalty of partnership members on the optimization of BPJS health contribution payments, obtained a path coefficient of 0.186 with a significance value (p) of 0.024 (p < 0.05) so that it is stated that there is a positive and significant influence between the loyalty of partnership members on the optimization of BPJS health contribution payments.health, meaning that the better the loyalty of the farmer's partnership members, the more significant it will be to optimize the payment of BPJS health contributions.The test results show that there is one independent variable, namely the socio-economics of the farmer and one dependent variable, namely the motivation for participation in the partnership.The results of the research show that there is a significant influence between the socio-economics of breeders on the motivation to participate in partnerships, meaning that the better the socio-economics of breeders will have an influence on the higher the motivation of breeders in participating in partnerships as shown in Figure 1.Results of testing the influence of breeders' socio-economics on loyalty of partnership members obtained a path coefficient of 0.232 with a significance (p) value of 0.007 (p < 0.05) so that it is stated that there is a positive and significant influence between the farmer's socio-economics on the loyalty of partnership members, meaning that the better the farmer's socio-economic status, the more influential the farmer's socio-economics will be.significant to the increasing loyalty of partnership members, which means that the greater the number of people whose main job is as broiler chicken breeders, the more the number of Broiler Chicken Farmers increases, the greater the influence on farmer loyalty.The main job has a positive influence in achieving farmer loyalty in achieving farmer welfare, by increasing the number of broiler chicken breeders in the core plasma partnership, this will increase the list of partnership members so that it can increase income or details of farmer income results (RHPP), with affective farmer loyalty.

Factors affecting broiler chicken farmers' loyalty to partnerships
Member loyalty to the partnership does not depend on the size of costs such as DOC and feed prices, harvest prices, technical services, and sapronak quality.This is because breeders also need an increase in economic welfare from partnership capital.After the breeders feel the ease of work and the increase in RHPP results, the breeders will increase affective loyalty towards the health welfare side by being willing to pay collectively from the partnership administration.
Affective loyalty will increase so that economic prosperity will also be realized.This is done by assessing the performance of breeders through assessing breeder performance per production period Meanwhile, socially, increasing the number of members will increase the cash of the core partnership where the institution will provide services such as non-formal training for partnership and plasma employees to carry out training related to innovative technical closed house broiler cages and human resource skills.Health welfare can be realized by partnership administrators through health insurance The results of testing the effect of community empowerment on the loyalty of partnership members obtained a path coefficient of 0.216 with a significance value (p) of 0.009 (p < 0.05).[2] so that it was stated that there was a positive and significant influence between community empowerment on the loyalty of partnership members, meaning that the better the empowerment.The community owned by the breeder will have a significant influence on increasing the loyalty of partnership members.This proves that empowered breeders will increase affective breeder loyalty.Broiler chicken farmers are empowered, including participation in broiler chicken partnerships that can improve the quality of livestock farmers' human resources, improve broiler chicken rearing skills, increase livestock business productivity, increase compliance with SOPs in raising broiler chickens, increase creativity in the broiler chicken breeding business sector, increase self-confidence in in the business sector, the training provided by the partnership can improve farming skills.Concern and cooperation among members of the broiler chicken partnership when there are problems in the business sector is very solvable for breeders, so broiler chicken breeders are loyal to the partnership.The strongest form of empowerment will increase affective loyalty.Optimization Model for BPJS Contribution Receipts for Boiler Chicken Partnership Members.The model for optimizing BPJS contribution receipts from partnership members can be briefly seen in Figure 2.

Figure 2. Optimization model for receiving BPJS contributions from partnership members
The results to answer the third objective show that there are five independent variables, namely motivation for participation in the partnership, community empowerment, loyalty of partnership members, optimization of recruitment, and empowerment, and one intervening variable, namely the welfare of partnership members, and one dependent variable, namely optimization of BPJS contribution payments.health.The results of the research show that motivation for participation in partnerships, community empowerment, loyalty of partnership members, optimization of recruitment, and empowerment have a significant effect on member welfare, then member welfare has a significant effect on optimizing payment of BPJS health contributions, which means the higher the motivation of farmers in participating in the partnership, The more community empowerment, the higher the loyalty of partnership members, the better the recruitment carried out, and the higher the empowerment of farmers will have a significant influence on the higher welfare of partnership members, and then it will have a significant influence on the higher level of optimization of BPJS health contribution payments.
The factors that most influence the motivation for broiler chicken breeders to participate in establishing a partnership with the core are that the initial requirements for becoming a member are easy, there is operational capital loan assistance, transparent and clear vegetable price contract information, ease of obtaining production inputs, smooth payment of RHPP for harvest results, and always being available.facilities for transporting harvested crops.The reasons for broiler chicken breeders who choose not to partner with the plasma core partnership office include remote cage locations, the practicality of selling their harvests to the market, quite large capital and scale of breeders, the interest in selling or supplying chickens, not liking administrative activities.which is considered complicated.
In reality, partnership breeders have certainty of sapronak and capital from the partnership and the support of technical support staff, which also influences production results which can be assessed through harvest sales bonuses, FCR bonuses, and mortality bonuses.The increase in peterank production results can be seen from the RHPP which also improves the welfare of individual breeders from social, economic and health aspects.This is shown in the willingness of farmers who do not yet have BPJS insurance to join as BPJS participants and can optimize payment contributions through registration as BPJS Health participants including all family members in one KK (Family Card).Partnership members are willing to increase their voluntary savings by 2% of income earned by breeders, BPJS Health Contributions are deducted from members' RHPP, BPJS Health Contributions are paid by the partnership admin based on harvest results (25 -45 days), BPJS Health Contributions are paid by the core automatically every month because breeders prefer things that are not complicated administratively and payment methods.

4.Conclution
The results of the research that has been carried out, it can be concluded that breeder characteristics influence the motivation for breeder participation in the broiler chicken plasma core partnership.Farmer characteristics and community empowerment influence the loyalty of partnership members, meaning that the better the breeder characteristics and the more community empowerment carried out by the partnership, the higher the loyalty of plasma farmers in partnering with the core parties of the broiler chicken partnership.Motivation for participation in partnerships, community empowerment, loyalty of partnership members, optimization of recruitment, and empowerment influence the welfare of members, then member welfare influences the optimization of BPJS health contribution payments, which means that the higher the motivation of farmers in participating in partnerships, the more community empowerment, the more The higher the loyalty of partnership members, the better the recruitment of partnership members, and the higher the empowerment of farmers will have a significant influence on the higher welfare of partnership members, and will then have a significant influence on the higher level of optimization of class 1 BPJS health contribution.

5.Author's Contribution
N Hasanah detected research ideas and coordinated the roles of each author to search for data and research results, N D Wahyono developed the theory and performed the computation, H Subagja verified the analytical methods, N Haryuni collected data from broiler chicken farmer respondents and compared the research results with the literature

6.Acknowledgements
This Research was financial supported by BPJS Kesehatan Indonesia

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Illustration of the socio-economic influence of breeders on loyalty.
out by the broiler chicken partnership by providing FCR bonuses, mortality bonuses and chicken harvest bonuses for breeders who have achievement scores.highestperformance.,[8] carried