Isometric Digital Tourism Map as Sustainable Development of Bendosari Ecotourism Village

Bendosari Ecotourism Village development can be carried out by preparing various necessary needs, such as creating visual communication design media for them, such as digital maps. Tourists need complete information about tourist attractions before visiting the location to prepare various equipment, especially new ones. There needs to be promotional support media that collaborates with technology so that conveying information to tourists is easier and more efficient. This research designs a digital tourist map for Bendosari Ecotourism Village to introduce local Indonesian tourism using design thinking methods and creating digital tourist maps. This design results in a digital tourist map using a flat vector drawing style and coloured isometric illustrations easily accessible with barcodes. The digital tourist map of Bendosari Ecotourism Village displays the existing and most potential tourist locations to be introduced to the Indonesian people. People can easily walk around the Bendosari Ecotourism Village to enjoy every tourist spot. These findings help promote the Bendosari Ecotourism Village to the Indonesian people.


Introduction
Economic inequality is not a new problem for the Indonesian economy, especially as geographic conditions and the economic potential of each region can influence this [1].Malang, which is famous as a city that has various tourist attractions that tourists can visit, has great potential to develop its tourist locations [2].Several factors influence the economic gap in the Malang region, namely GRDP (Gross Regional Domestic Product), investment allocation, low level of mobility of production factors between regions, and differences in demographic conditions between regions [3].In order to encourage the achievement of the government's targets for decent work and community economic growth contained in the 2030 SDGs targets, efforts are needed to reduce the level of economic inequality in Indonesian society [4].Economic inequality occurs as a result of demographic conditions, education, unequal income, uneven development, and lack of employment opportunities [5].
Malang Regency is the second largest district after Banyuwangi Regency in East Java [6].In addition, there are also various tourist attractions that tourists can visit, ranging from historical heritage tours exotic nature tours, to ecotourism.Bendosari Village has a variety of natural beauties that can be IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1324/1/012064 2 attractive tourist locations, such as Grojogan Sewu waterfalls, Grojogan Mutiara, travel routes along the Panguripan River, lake sources, and sweet water sources [7].These various natural beauties are still well maintained today and have the opportunity to open tourist sites for picking apples, culture and traditions, educational tours for biogas from cattle, and micro-hydro power plants.
Ecotourism villages are one of the regional government's efforts to increase the income of communities around the village [8].The high potential of Bendosari Village gave rise to the idea of developing the village into a Bendosari Ecotourism Village with the concept of nature tourism, protecting the environment, and local community participation.The problem faced in building an ecotourism in Bendosari Village is the unavailability of adequate funds and investors to build a good ecotourism [9].Apart from that, public knowledge about tourist villages is still minimal so that community participation in developing ecotourism is still small.The development of ecotourism in Bendosari Village can be done by preparing the various needs, such as making visual communication design media for Bendosari Ecotourism Village.Visual communication design media can be in the form of websites, applications, promotional media, and supporting media [10] in tourist location maps to introduce Bendosari Ecotourism Village to the Indonesian and global community.Tourists need complete information about tourist attractions before visiting these locations to prepare various equipment, especially new tourist attractions [11].Therefore, the researcher wants to design an isometric digital tourist map for Bendosari Ecotourism Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency.
Design thinking in visual communication design does not only focus on visual appearance but also the visitor experience when visiting tourist sites.The design thinking process goes through several stages: empathizing, defining, ideating, prototyping and testing [12].Some of the literature that frames this research is related to layout, colour, typography and illustration.The four kinds of literature were used in making an isometric digital tourist map of Bendosari Ecotourism Village, Malang Regency.Layout plays an essential role in a design to support its content and messages to make it easier for the audience to receive the information displayed [13].In the design world, colour is understood as one of the factors that can help human behaviour towards visual works, starting from posters, social media, websites, and others [14].Typography functions as a translator of words in visual form to communicate ideas and information to the audience [15].Illustration is an image to convey a message so that existing information can be conveyed to the intended target audience.It becomes one of the aesthetic keys in a visual work [16].The question in this research is how to design an isometric digital tourist map of Bendosari Ecotourism Village using design thinking for tourist guides in Malang.This research aims to design a digital tourist map of Bendosari Ecotourism Village to introduce local Indonesian tourism.

Methods
To design a digital tourism map for Bendosari Ecotourism Village based on the lack of information available in Bendosari Village, Pujon District, Malang Regency, researchers used the design thinking method starting from highlighting, defining, ideating, prototyping, and testing.In the scope of designing digital tourist maps, design thinking does not only focus on what visitors see and feel but also what they experience.This is used to find the most effective and efficient solution to problems regarding minimal information in the Bendosari Ecotourism Village, especially tourist locations.As an initial stage of empathy, researchers seek to understand the problems that Bendosari Village has so that they can find solutions to these problems.Researchers prepared a 13-question questionnaire distributed to respondents who have lived in Malang City since birth.The questionnaire distributed contained several questions regarding respondents' habits in visiting tourist attractions, the transportation often used when visiting tourist attractions, reasons for visiting these tourist attractions, respondents' knowledge of the Bendosari Ecotourism Village, whether or not visitors need maps when visiting new tourist attractions, whether or not whether visitors look at digital maps when visiting tourist attractions, whether isometric digital maps are interesting and informative for respondents.Questionnaire data was measured using dichotomous scale answers: yes and no, never and never, and agree and disagree.In this study, researchers used ten respondents who could represent all young people in Malang on a small scale.The ten respondents were aged 18-23 years with a bachelor's degree who had lived in Malang since birth.At that age, people like adventure and trying new things even though many lack income.Besides that, young people still studying often need time and place to heal and look for locations with natural nuances to relieve fatigue.Researchers distributed questionnaires to determine people's interest, especially young people, in tourist locations and the problems they experienced when visiting tourist locations.The results of this data can help understand what young people need when visiting tourist locations, which is supported by surveys at research locations.
The survey was conducted in the Bendosari Ecotourism Village in Pujon District, Malang Regency, and interviews with Jaka Setiawan, the manager of the Bendosari Ecotourism Village to find out the conditions and characteristics of the village.As a result of the survey, researchers understand the research location, which will be related to the problems experienced by research subjects, resolved using digital-based media.The information obtained was classified into three points: public interest in natural tourist locations, conditions, and characteristics of it.Observation and interview data are analyzed, sorted, and understood from all the information obtained; at the definition stage, the researcher determines the problem formulation in this research from a point of view.Furthermore, the problem formulation in this research is in the form of a visual digital tourist map containing various tourist locations.At the ideate stage, the researcher carries out a transition process from problem formulation to problem-solving, and the researcher concentrates on generating ideas as a basis for designing a prototype of the media used.
Researchers collected various references regarding digital maps, map design principles, isometric design, design basics, isometric illustrations, and colors to create a digital tourist map concept for Bendosari Ecotourism Village as an attractive and interactive promotional support media.Through the concept formed, the researcher creates a visualization of a digital tourist map in the form of a visual sketch of a digital tourist map by the concept that has been prepared.The visual sketch results are finalized by providing details, colors, and shading at the prototype stage to make the digital tourist map attractive and interactive.The finalization of the digital tourist map of that was validated by the manager, namely Jaka Setiawan, to determine the distance and direction of tourist locations which were included in the digital tourist map to perfect the design.
The research instrument was created by looking for various measures of a person's interest in local Indonesian tourism from previous research, which also examined a person's interest in local tourism.Researchers used ten respondents in the testing phase to measure the approach of people's interest in local Indonesian tourism, people's attraction through visuals, how to introduce digital tourist maps and their influence.Applying digital tourist maps as the dependent variable.The use of ten respondents during testing was adjusted to the number of respondents used in collecting questionnaire data so that the data obtained could easily measure the level of success of the Bendosari Ecotourism Village digital tourism map when used.
The data was tested using validity and reliability tests to determine whether the instruments used were valid and reliable.The questionnaire is valid if the calculated R correlation value > R table uses a sample of ten people so that the questions in the questionnaire have a reliable level of validity because the R table value is relatively high.The reliability of research instruments is a requirement in testing the validity of instruments in reliability tests using the Cronbach Alpha technique.This research instrument's Cronbach Alpha reliability figure exceeds 0.6, which means it can be trusted and used.
Apart from that, based on statistical data held by the Malang City Central Statistics Agency, the population of Malang City is 843,810 people, and researchers were unable to obtain specific data regarding the number of tourists visiting Bendosari Ecotourism Village in 2022.Of that population, not all the people of Malang City have visited there, and some do not even know the village's existence.Therefore, the researchers only took a sample of ten people who they felt could represent the entire community of Malang City on the most miniature scale to participate in the digital tourism map trial of Bendosari Ecotourism Village.
In the final stage, researchers tested the digital tourist map of Bendosari Ecotourism Village on ten people living in Malang City to find out how clear the information presented there was so that it could help the public find out information about tourist locations in Bendosari Village.Researchers also received feedback from respondents regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the Bendosari Ecotourism Village digital tourist map.This stage is a life cycle so that repetition can occur and return to the design stage if there are improvements from the feedback that has been given.

Positioning
Positioning in the digital tourist map design for Bendosari Ecotourism Village in Malang Regency needs to be considered so that the benefits and objectives of this design can reach the intended target audience.The digital tourist map of it in Malang Regency positions itself as a supporting media in promoting it to the public with exciting media to foster visitor interest in coming to Bendosari Ecotourism Village, Malang Regency.In addition, positioning in this study can introduce it as one of the most exciting tourism potentials to visit by using a digital tourist map by adjusting the age of the intended target audience, namely 18-23 years.

Unique Selling Preposition
Tourist locations with advantages and uniqueness in a business competition are significant to be a differentiator between one tourist location and another.Moreover, this uniqueness can be a force to attract the target audience and make a tourist location more popular with consumers.This is known as a Unique Selling Proposition (USP).In designing the digital tourist map, the USPs owned by Bendosari Ecotourism Village are natural beauty, apple picking tours, cultural and community tradition tours, biogas educational tours from cattle, micro-hydro power plants, as well as decorative lamp souvenirs and beautiful woven.

Digital Tourist Map Concept
Designing a digital tourist map requires objectives that are by the intended target audience.This digital tourist map is designed to introduce Indonesian local tourism to the broader community by utilizing digital media as a digital map.With the many advantages that Bendosari Ecotourism Village has, it can be an attraction for visitors to visit one of Indonesia's tourist sites.Bendosari Ecotourism Village not only offers beautiful natural scenery but can also be a location for the community to learn the culture and traditions of the local community.
The design concept for this digital tourist map is digital nature.The signature concept comes from the observations by researchers of students aged 18 to 23 years in Malang City who are more interested in using simple designs, illustrations and contrasting colors that can show the location of the tours found in Bendosari Ecotourism Village.The application of the digital concept can be seen by using a barcode connected to the digital tourist map design and the dominance of green and yellow colors, which reflect the colors of nature so that people can better understand tourist sites and be more attractive to visitors.

Prototype of Digital Tourist Map
The results of the digital tourist map design finalization in Figure 8 show various tourist sites that can be visited in Bendosari Ecotourism Village in Malang Regency.In finalizing this design, the researcher used the dominance of green and purple to show the impression of nature by Bendosari Ecotourism Village, which is rich in natural tourism and the creativity of researchers in making this digital tourist map design.Researchers also use illustrated icons that can make it easier for visitors to imagine tourist sites that will visit Bendosari Ecotourism Village.Each tourist location is marked with numbers that can make it easier for visitors to find the tourist location.The barcode provided is also a form of researchers' efforts to reduce paper waste in Bendosari Ecotourism Village so that nature is not damaged and not much paper waste is wasted.

User Test of Digital Tourist Map
The results of the digital tourist map design for Bendosari Ecotourism Village in Malang Regency were tested on Malang people aged 18-23 years.This trial was carried out to ensure that the digital tourist map made is by the design concept and can introduce Bendosari Ecotourism Village by displaying complete tourist location information that is easy for visitors to understand.Apart from that, they also want to get feedback from the test targets regarding the advantages and disadvantages of this digital tourist map through a questionnaire form distributed via social media Instagram researchers to people who want to visit Bendosari Ecotourism Village.The deficiencies of this digital tourist map can be used as input for researchers to improve and develop the Bendosari Ecotourism Village digital tourist map even better, and the advantages of this digital tourist map are a reinforcing and supporting factor in the design.

Conclusion
A digital tourist map of Bendosari Ecotourism Village is used as a medium that can help visitors get information about tourist sites that can be visited at Bendosari Ecotourism Village.In addition, this digital tourist map can also be used as a digital reference for designing digital tourist maps in the future.Usually, visitors who want to visit tourist sites only get tourist location information through internet reviews but do not know the details of the tourist sites they want.However, the Bendosari Ecotourism Village digital tourist map can provide new and exciting experiences for visitors using digital media, an attractive, colourful visual display and stay informative.
Suggestions for the development of a digital tourist map for a further tourist location include the creation of a digital tourist map in real-time, such as a Google map, so that visitors can better understand the tourist sites they want to visit, are more interactive, and easy to understand for visitors who are visiting the tourist location for the first time.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Design Thinking-Based Research Method Flow.

Figure 2
Figure 2 also shows a mock-up of visitors' barcode and barcode usage when visiting Bendosari Ecotourism Village in Malang Regency.The researcher provides a barcode to make it easier for visitors to access the digital tourist map that has been made before, and visitors can understand the tourist sites to be visited.Visitors only need to scan the barcode provided by Bendosari Ecotourism Village to understand the tourist sites they want to visit and prepare what is needed when visiting the destination.The barcode provided is also a form of researchers' efforts to reduce paper waste in Bendosari Ecotourism Village so that nature is not damaged and not much paper waste is wasted.

7 Figure 3 .
Figure 3. User Test of Bendosari Ecotourism Village Digital Tourist Map.