Edu-Tourism Concept in Eco-Friendly Farm Development Design in Ngronggot Village, Nganjuk, East Jawa

Sustainable tourism development takes important aspects such as the impact on the environment, stakeholder collaboration, tourism regulation and management, and the development of the potential of a region. Ngronggot Village has potential in the field of animal husbandry because there are many small breeder businesses and there are SKR Farm investors who enter to develop the village economy. This gave rise to the idea of developing a collaborative farm Edu-Tourism Park destination with an environmentally friendly and sustainable concept. This idea is expected to be a solution to strengthen the economy of rural communities and the process of fostering MSMEs. The method used in this farm Edu-Tourism Park is the Community Participatory method with a design based on the 3A tourism theory and analysis of issues and characteristics of the study object. The research objective used Farming Fesitval concept as implementation of Community Participatory and integration and integration of the edu-tourism area with its environmental conditions. The design process includes with hardscape and softscape processing and the concept of Farming Festival centered on SKR Farm. The results of this Edu-tourism development are in the form of built design products and tourism management procedure manuals. The collaboration between academics, investors from the industry, and also community participation, is expected to strengthen the community’s economy, provide many benefits for all stakeholders, and create more sustainable Edu-tourism.


Introduction
Educational tourism is a tourism concept that applies calm non-formal education of knowledge to tourists visiting a tourist attraction [2,3,9].The development of tourism in an area can bring many benefits to the community from an economic, social, and cultural perspective [10].This makes educational tourism able to become a concept that has great potential to improve the quality of a settlement while improving the quality of education of its people.However, in the midst of massive tourism development, a new issue emerged that the tourism sector has an impact on environmental damage [3,22,23,25].Because the tourism industry has been facing challenge of striking balance between tourism growth and eco-environmental protection, a new tourism design concept "Sustainable tourism" has emerged [19,20,24,26].It has become something that sustainable development become the major focus of tourism policy makers and tourism researches [29,30,31].Several aspects that have to be considered to develop a sustainable tourism is the tourism policy, planning, and management [1,13,30].
In the design of tourism planning there are several things that need to be considered namely future disruptions, crises, the impact of global environmental change, and disasters management [14,21,27,28].Thus, an idea emerged to create an Eco-Friendly educational tourism so that tourism development does not damage the surrounding environment.The development of Eco-Friendly-based educational tourism is expected to be able to improve the quality of a settlement by utilising the potential of the existing community so as to create a sustainable and environmentally friendly tourism concept.
Previous research that used the concept of educational tourism by utilising the potential of the community in the area to create sustainable tourism [10].Researchers found an area that has high potential in business development that can improve the economy of its people, namely Ngronggot Village, Nganjuk, East Java.The potential for business development can be seen from the number of villagers who have farm businesses and the existence of a cattle farm owned by CV Multi Sam Jaya, SKR Farm.The majority of villagers in this area have large yards and the natural environment is very supportive for farm businesses such as cattle and goats.However, the many farm businesses and potential in this area have not been utilised as educational tourism that can improve the economy of the community.The culture of farm businesses that this villager has also can develop a deeper cultural tourism and create a memorable tourism experience [15].The concept of Eco-Friendly-based educational tourism carries the use of green infrastructure, conservation areas, involving local elements, and community collaboration [3].Stakeholder collaboration is being lauded as important to develop an accessible, inclusive, and sustainable tourism [16].Four emergent interrelated themes are considered is coordination and control, communication, rules and responsibilities clarity, and integration [16].Ngronggot Village has the potential for farmland that can be collaborated with SKR Farm.
SKR Farm is a cattle farm owned by CV Multi Sam Jaya, a community-based entrepreneur in Ngronggot Village, Nganjuk, East Jawa, which stands on an area of 4,500 square metres.The existing condition of the land has 4 open building masses to house 95 cows.In addition, there are 2 very simple permanent buildings for the function of fodder storage and 1 more building consisting of 3 rooms for the stable keeper equipped with a kitchen and bathroom.The rest of the land is a large yard for growing elephant grass as cattle food.In its development, SKR Farm expanded the farm by purchasing a new 4,000 square metre plot of land directly adjacent to the existing footprint.

Figure 2. Existing condition of SKR Farm Site
By looking at the phenomenon that many villagers in Nganjuk Village are also developing businesses in the farm sector for the sake of increasing community income.In the future, SKR Farm intends to collaborate with the village government and community participation to develop a business that is more prospective for improving the village economy as a whole.Starting from the existing farm business, the idea emerged to create an educational tourism destination in this village related to the field of animal husbandry.The idea of the concept of farm educational tourism should also have a design that allows visitors to be more interactive.By combining the interactive design features to the tourism place, the visitors will treat the place as a 'stage' to performs and create more sense of value [17].
However, this village is a fairly dense residential area, it is expected that the educational tourism object that will be created has an ecological, environmentally friendly, and sustainable concept.Therefore, the problems that are expected are the focus of this study for tourism development.Those aspects are optimisation of land use, integration between zones and between the site and settlements, the environmental impact of the tourism, accessibility, and wayfinding to the site.These aspects can be a variable that becomes the main guideline in designing the Edu-tourism idea that will be created.The researcher also found the concept of the 3A theory related to tourism development, namely attraction accessibility, and amenity [18].The 3A elements in tourism are important for every tourist destination, because they will affect the level of tourist visits, the length of stay of tourists, and the interest of tourists to visit again.This development strategies can help the development of this tourism area to be more advanced and provide all the visitors and stakeholders needed.
The concept of Eco-friendly educational tourism in this area is using collaboration between academics, village government, investors, and community participation aims to produce an environmentally friendly, integrated and sustainable farm-based Edu-tourism Park design [16].By considering the concept of environmental ecology, it is hoped that the existing educational tourism will be able to create a healthy, beautiful, and high economic value environment in the Ngronggot Village area.In addition, this project is also the design output of community service activities (PKM) in 2023 which can be an example for villagers and farm developers in other villages so that the community is increasingly facilitated in improving their standard of living and economy.

Object and Method 2.1. Object of Study
Geographically, Ngoronggot Village can be found at a latitude between 7°21' and 7°31' south and a longitude ranging from 110°10' to 111°40' east.The village's terrain is situated at a moderate elevation, roughly 156 meters above sea level.The boundaries of the area are as follows, Kaloran Village and Kalianyar Village (North), Ngronggot Village (South), Dadapan Village (East), Betet Village (West).Many people in this village have developed farm farming businesses to supplement their income and improve their economy.Raising chickens, goats, and especially cows is increasingly common in the village and hamlets of Rejoagung.People utilise their large yards for this farm business.So that between residential houses and farm breeding zones are on one site or yard.Therefore, it is hoped that this site can be better and more efficiently organized in terms of laying out the breeding zone, residential zone, and yard zone (for growing fodder) which are separate but well integrated, it is hoped that it will make the SKR Farm site more feasible, comfortable, and healthy, in an effort to sustain this cattle farming business in the future.The location of the farm area that will be developed into an Edu-tourism area is the area around SKR Farm which is a farm business located in Sukorejo Village, Nganjuk Regency, East Java.The distance of this farm from Nganjuk city center is 20 kilometers to the Southeast.This farm is a cattle farm, especially in the field of cattle fattening.The existing condition of this farm area is around plantation and agricultural areas, besides that this farm also has other types of farms, namely laying and broiler chicken farms, and goat farms.

Method
The method used in this 8,500 square meter farm Edu-Tourism Park is the Community Participatory method with a design based on the 3A tourism theory and analysis of issues and characteristics of the study object.The variables used as a guide in designing this Edu-tourism are ecology, aesthetics, signage, and accessibility.These variables are determined based on the problems and characteristic found in the field, the needs of stakeholders and visitors, and theories related to sustainable tourism design.Some of the criteria of the 3A Tourism theory are: • Tourist Attractions: looking for farm food (cutting elephant grass), feeding farm, milking cows, fishing (catfish and gourami), eating at restaurants (hut model), beautiful rural atmosphere, viewing farms.• Accessibility: circulation from the highway to the site, signage that is easy for visitors to recognize and remember, attractive village gate.• Amenity (public facilities): restaurant/food court in the form of a hut and rural nuances, aesthetic landscapes, integrated farm pens, fish ponds, toilets, prayer rooms, warehouses, and others.Furthermore, the development of tourism will always consider the 5A theory of tourism.These five aspects are integrated with each other and always require ancillary service management for tourism sustainability.The five aspects include: 1. Accessibility: A tourist location that is feasible, safe, comfortable, and can be reached by visitors individually or in groups, and there are supporting transport facilities.2. Accommodations: Lodging places that are easily available, clean, and friendly.3. Attraction: Having unique, interesting, and easy-to-see attractions.4. Activities: Convenience facilities for fun and safe activities 5. Amenities: Other facilities that support tourist trips such as money changers, souvenir shops, restaurants, prayer room, etc.
The overall implementation of this activity is based on community participatory methods.An explanation of the entire method is contained in the framework in Figure 4. Some of the stages that will be carried out in this study include: 1. Identifying existing conditions and architectural problems through observation and review of field conditions to see the potential of the environment that can be developed.2. Conducting a literature review related to regulations and policies to facilitate the implementation of environmentally friendly, ecological and sustainable farm-based Edutourism Parks in healthy and beautiful environments in rural administrative areas in Nganjuk Regency.3. Conduct discussions especially with local residents and the owner of SKR Farm to produce an aesthetically pleasing and environmentally friendly design, as well as an environmental assessment document.4. Formulating ideas and inputs from various parties involved, to be developed and formulated in the design.5. Produce design drawings and budget plans for discussion with the owner of SKR Farm and other related parties.6. Assisting the facility in realizing the design with an environmentally friendly landscape arrangement based on the plans and designs that have been mutually agreed upon.7. Presenting signage or environmental markers so that the location of the study object is easy to find, easy to reach and recognized by the wider community, especially visitors / tourists.Collaboration from the community service activities carried out involve partners, academics, and villagers in providing solutions to problems faced by partners.In this program, partners will participate in the form of discussion and construction realizing.Discussions related to the development and procurement of the necessary facilities, including facilities within the site or internal (related to tourist facilities or amenity); facilities outside the site or external (related to accessibility or ease of achievement, as well as signage as a marker outside the site so that the study location is easy to find/reach, easy to know, and remembered by visitors; as well as activities related to tourist attractions that will integrate the Edu-tourism park with community farms spread in several areas in this village as one of the educational attractions for visitors/tourists.Realizing facilities that are designed and planned with the concept of community participation, especially in efforts to maintain and develop existing infrastructure and those that will be realized, and also their relationship with educational tourism attractions that integrate this tour with community farms scattered throughout the area. Finally, the construction of the main facilities and infrastructure needed in this Eco-Friendly Educational Tourism include: Data recording tools and instruments (voice recorders, video cameras, photo cameras, and digital measuring instruments), human instruments as data recording personnel (surveyors and laboratory assistants), Data documentation tools and instruments (photographs, two-and three-dimensional images), printing equipment for data digitization (printers, plotters), human resource instruments for digitization documentation, tools and instruments for data processing/analysis, tools and instruments for demonstration, modelling, and presentation of spatial planning methods and models (alternative images of spatial planning models, space mock-ups, laptops, LCDs, 3D printers, etc.), tools and materials to make signage/markers of the farm location, which will be placed at several circulationaccessibility points to the farm location.These above tools and methods are needed to produce the final product which is tourism design plan and manual procedure for future tourism management.The following is a framework related to the methods and stages of activity implementation.

Results of Edu-tourism Objects based on the Farming Festival Concept
Edu-tourism on animal husbandry in the study object provides educational-based tourism around animal husbandry and also plantations as the main attraction by utilizing modern farms and also the surrounding plantations.The purpose of the existence of Edu-tourism on animal husbandry is to provide education related to animal husbandry, both knowing the types of farms, how to care for them, and specifically provide education on how to run the farm industry.Based on the initial analysis of the site, it was found that there are 3 location areas that have the potential for the development of agricultural and farm education tourism as shown in Figure 5.The solution by planning Edu-tourism in this area, has benefits that can be obtained for the surrounding area and for the public, including supporting the local economy, encouraging sustainable practices, and increasing education about animal husbandry, so to encourage these things to be achieved, the concept of Farming festival emerged, which in this planning design concept is a collaboration and elaboration between all elements in the area.The collaboration that exists in the Edu-tourism planning concept combines the potential of the area around the farm, while some of the potential of the area owned is animal husbandry and agriculture.The concept of elaboration that will be developed in the development of this area is a collaboration between sectors that creates a sustainable chain effect, thus creating a container that is able to accommodate educational tourism activities that run in the area.The planning of educational tourism areas also pays attention to the nodes of residential areas which are the meeting point of community activities.In Figure 5. are important nodes on the site that need to be processed and considered in Edu-Tourism planning.
The application of the Farming festival concept in this area will empower the surrounding community, and also utilize existing areas so as to create sustainable tourism.In the area around the farm, there are plantations owned by residents that are planted with various types of agricultural commodities, including corn, chili, and sugar cane.In addition to agricultural land, the majority of residents around the farm have farm in the form of chickens, goats, and cows.Seeing the potential of farm and agriculture around the area in Figure 4, the Farming festival concept that will be used later uses the road corridor in front of the farm (see Figure 5), with along the road corridor will be filled with kiosks owned by local residents who want to sell their agricultural commodities.This concept can cut the long trade distribution channels, and the local residents who sell their commodities can also open new business opportunities.For residents who want to sell their farm commodities, a showroom area will be provided that will be filled with farm of local residents who want to be traded.

Figure 6. Edu-tourism area access and circulation plan
The circulation concept in the Edu-tourism area is pedestrian circulation, this circulation concept is planned to be the only circulation that can be accessed by visitors.The festival walking street system starts from the entrance gate around the SKR Farm. Figure 7. Shows the plan for 2 area gates located in nodes B and C (see Figure 5).This road corridor is a pedestrian access intended for visitors to the tourist area, this main route provides a visual experience and potential in the form of farm buying and selling areas, feed supply areas, gazebo and culinary areas as a place to rest and business negotiations, and booth areas that are used by the surrounding community for marketing their respective agricultural and plantation products.

Figure 7. Edu-tourism Area Gate Plan
This concept is used because the farm area is also integrated with agriculture, in its sustainable concept, farm is supported by agricultural areas as a provider of feed, while farm areas are needed in agricultural areas as a provider of fertilizer to support plant productivity.Therefore, with this tracking concept, it is hoped that visitors can learn and understand how agricultural production can support the sustainability of animal husbandry, besides that this farming tracking makes it possible to get additional attractions in the form of plantation education, indirectly the plantations that are included in this area can be an interesting sight in this area.

Figure 8. Edu-tourism Area Garden Tracking Route Plan
The tracking concept is not only found in the main corridor of the planning area, but there are also tracking routes that have plantation and agricultural routes owned by community members around the area.This second circulation route is a garden route that crosses residents' plantations and there are booths for marketing garden or harvest products owned by residents, the concept can cut the distribution chain of marketing plantation products.(see Figure 8).

Figure 9. Booth Plan for Marketing Garden Products in
The Eco-Tourism Area Plantation landowners can also provide their own attractions in supporting the concept of farming festival, this is supported by existing conditions that are shady enough for pedestrians, this will be supported by the addition of Farming tracking access that connects between existing farms and existing plantations, this will direct visitors to be able to access farms and plantations in the area.The concept of farming tracking aims to provide field experience for visitors related to agricultural support needs.

Area Zoning Concept
Zoning in this Edu-tourism concept is divided into 3 zones with specific functions and purposes.The first zoning is an attraction area, as the main attraction provided in this Edu-tourism, such as cattle, chicken, goats, elephant grass areas, and chili plantations.The second zoning is a supporting attraction that supports the main attraction and also as a secondary attraction provided, besides that there is also a supporting recreation to provide facilities needed by Edu-tourism visitors.The third zoning is the manager zoning that supports the work of the Edu-tourism manager.

Figure 10. Edu-Toutrism Area Zoning Concept Division
The space in the first zone of visitors is a parking area that is received by the receiving building as the first attraction and serves as a place for visitors to park their vehicles.There are car and motorbike parking in this parking area, specifically for managers can directly enter the area through a special door/ entrance, while visitors must enter through the road corridor.The next zone is the receiving zone which contains information space, sales or buying and selling transactions, feed providers for sale, and the main farm manager (see Figure 10).This zone includes the reception plaza, cattle showroom, food court, prayer room, toilets, and management area.This zone acts as a reception area for visitors before entering the main zone.This receiving zone is equipped with various facilities such as admin office, security guard, staff prayer room, manager parking, staff room, reception room, toilet, kitchen, and staff guard room.After that there is an economic zone that focuses on feed displays and there is a souvenir shop that can be seen and purchased by visitors.The main zone is the central zone of activity in Edu-tourism.This zone includes the cattle farm, chicken and goat farm, and the elephant grass attraction (see Figure 10).This main zone aims to provide educational experiences and direct interaction with animals and agricultural activities.This is based on the existing condition of the land which is adequate for the development of educational tourism (see Figure 11).In addition, there is also a farming festival zone that can be accessed by visitors on foot, in this zone there are tourist support facilities that the culprit participates in empowering the surrounding community, including maximizing the riverbank area as a place for productive non-formal activities such as providing rest benches for just relaxing or for negotiation activities related to animal husbandry, gazebo areas and agriculture around the area (see Figure 12).This zone aims to provide a pleasant tourist experience and involve the surrounding community.

Discussion of Area Performance Results
Area performance is the ability of an area to achieve certain defined goals [1].Area performance can be measured by various criteria and indicators, depending on the objectives to be achieved [4].The concept of area performance is the involvement of the surrounding community as the main actors in this Farm Edu-tourism, access and circulation infrastructure directs visitors to potential locations of farm and agriculture owned by the surrounding community as an attractive supporting area.Visitors are directed to agricultural land, plantations, farms owned by the surrounding community.The active role of the community is as a host who shares their knowledge and products with visitors to the area [10].So that the concept used in this educational tourism has a reciprocal process between visitors and business actors.This reciprocal process can be in the form of transactional, knowledge, and a wider scope of farm farming networks.The benefits that visitors are expected to get from this educational tour are new knowledge related to the management of agricultural land, plantations, and farm directly from the perpetrators.This is expected to inspire visitors who have the desire to start agricultural and farm entrepreneurship.
Based on previous literature, collaboration is one of the important aspects in creating sustainable tourism [3,16].Thus, the concept of Edu-tourism in this agricultural farm area uses a step to collaborate between modern animal husbandry, with the potential of the surrounding area in the form of agriculture.The educational concept that is the main attraction of the area is education about animal husbandry which includes how to raise a farm, how to feed a farm, and knowledge about the mixture of feed composition that is suitable for cattle farming, especially broilers.Other education that can be raised in this area is as a child-friendly educational place [2].Child-friendly education that can be offered is by introducing farm breeding and farming activities for children, especially in learning age.The tourism element offered is local agricultural tourism, where the attraction and entertainment facilities presented are related to the business activities of the local community, but this business process is packaged in a relaxed local container, such as a riverside gazebo that can be used as a place for farm negotiations, a trader booth provided to provide a forum for residents to be able to market farm and agricultural products directly to visitors, as well as being able to brand as souvenirs from the area.
However, the limitations and gaps in this research is quite difficult to integrate SKR Farm's livestock activities with independent community farmers.Also, the community planting-harvesting activities in the fields for livestock food and distribution of cow to the community fields.Therefore, it is necessary to implement the 5A concept of tourism, especially Ancillary Service, namely tourism area management.

Conclusion
The results of the design of Eco-friendly educational tourism in this study utilize the potential for the development of farm and agricultural businesses in Ngronggot Village, Nganjuk Regency, East Java.The Eco-friendly concept used is an idea to bring up an environmentally friendly and sustainable farm Edu-tourism destination.The collaboration system between SKR Farm with academics, investors, and the surrounding community, produces a farm-based Edu-Tourism object capable of enhancing the economic status of the local community in the region.The design of this object is based on the 3A Tourism theory, namely Tourist Attractions, Accessibility, and Amenity with the concept of Community Participation.Development activities by community service activities are carried out by involving partners, academics, and village community participation in providing solutions to existing problems with outputs in the form of design / design and environmental assessment documents.Edu-Farm tourism objects are built around SKR Farm which is a farm business, then integrated with small farm businesses owned by residents.
The resulting Edu-tourism has the concept of Farming Festival by providing local agricultural tourism and education related to animal husbandry, namely types of farms, how to care for them, and how to run the farm industry.This tourism concept is expected to create sustainable tourism, as well as increase the local economy.This concept contains collaboration and elaboration by combining the potential of existing farms and agriculture.This elaboration creates a sustainable chain effect, giving rise to a place that can accommodate educational tourism activities.The Farming Festival concept is located on the road corridor in front of the farm as a tourist attraction and attractive accessibility for visitors.By using pedestrian circulation with the concept of farm tracking, it allows visitors to get additional attractions in the form of plantation education.This tourist attraction is divided into 3 main zones, namely the main attraction area, the attraction support facility area, and the management area.The concept of regional performance in this tourist attraction is the involvement of the surrounding community as the main actors and the circulation access infrastructure directs visitors to potential locations of farm and agriculture owned by the surrounding community as an attractive supporting area.Collaborative tourism between modern animal husbandry and existing agricultural potential is expected to create attractive, environmentally friendly, and sustainable educational tourism, and can be an example for other villages in helping to build the economic level of the community.

Figure 3 .
Figure 3. Location of the eco-tourism area

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. Method Framework and Stages of Analysis

7 Figure 5 .
Figure 5. Potential Area and Important Nodes around the Edu-tourism area

Figure 11 .
Figure 11.Existing plan of the main zone area in the Edu-tourism area

Figure 12 .
Figure 12.Maximizing the existing area with gazebo supporting facilities