Integration of Ecological and Eco-technological Design on Architecture (Hot, Dry Climatic Environment)

The eco-technological architecture works to improve the efficiency of energy consumption, and the interaction of the building and its systems with the external environment as a living outlet that affects and is affected by the external environment. The research paper aims to devise sustainable ecological design criteria during all stages of sustainable building design by studying the integration between the ecology system and Eco technology on the hot, dry climatic environment and its direct impact on architecture to achieve compatibility and compatibility with the surrounding environment, leading to a more interactive architecture with the environment, an attempt to achieve ecological design features. By analyzing the architectural output resulting from the eco-technological concept, and achieving the highest degrees of comfort in the internal environment with the highest possible performance and the lowest possible cost, it positively affects the comfort of users. Therefore, architectural designers must move towards eco-technological thinking to pay attention to the energy rationalization system and the sustainability of buildings, realizing the importance of analyzing the basic principles of the eco-technological approach to obtain an environmentally compatible interior design, and paying attention to the technological means available to achieve energy efficiency in internal spaces in ways that do not affect the external environment.


Introduction
This paper is concerned with how to Integrate the Eco-technological and Ecological Design System, especially on architecture and urbanism, by studying the most important basic principles, standards and design foundations of the eco-technological and ecological system on which the ecological design idea is based and studying the most important strategies for choosing building materials, their impact on the ecosystem, and the possibility of recycling them after The death of the building, the extent of the building's energy consumption, the amount of energy expended during the construction process, the operation of the building and its performance to resist environmental conditions, and for this the ecological design identifies the materials and energies that require the design process through design strategies for recovery, which includes a circular or annular pattern in the building materials used Especially in (hot, dry climatic environment) main points; then the scientific thesis.

Research problem:
The research problem lies in the following: A. Technological development has caused great damage to the environment despite improving the quality of the architectural structure from a functional and economic standpoint, but it necessitated the application of eco-technological thought to the design process.B. There is a gap between applying ecological design and adapting building technology to preserve the environment.C. Neglecting the environmental dimension of eco-technological design, especially in the design process.

Research objectives:
There is a main goal and secondary goals as follows: The main research objective is to derive sustainable ecological design standards during all stages of sustainable building design by studying the integration between the ecology and ecotechnology system on the hot, dry climatic environment and its direct impact on architecture to achieve compatibility and compatibility with the surrounding environment, leading to an architecture that is more interactive with the environment, an attempt to achieve features Ecological design through analysis of the architectural product resulting from the ecotechnological concept.
Secondary objectives Defining the methodology of ecological and eco-technological design in architecture.
A. How to exploit the relationship between environmental technology and the design process in the hot climate environment.B. Achieving the principles of the ecological cycle and the means followed to exploit it.C. Evaluating the building's ecological performance standards and studying the most important stages of the ecological design process D. Following environmental design solutions by studying international and Arab ecotechnological architectural projects.

Research Questions:
A. What are the methods and systems of ecological architecture to achieve sustainable buildings?B. Why have environmental technology methods not been adopted to produce sustainable buildings and made into a design system? C. How can eco-technological system methods be applied in Egypt to produce environmentally friendly buildings?

Scientific addition:
A. The scientific addition lies in the possibility of integrating the eco-technology system and the ecological system in architecture in general and in the design and implementation of architectural buildings in the hot, dry climatic environment in particular, from the design stage to the demolition and maintenance stage.B. Access to an integrated mechanism for the ecological and technological design system and their direct impact on the hot dry climate architecture for the close integration between sustainability and the environment to improve the efficiency of the architectural and urban environment.

Research Methodology:
The research relies on the qualitative and quantitative approach together to achieve its objectives through several research approaches as follows: First: the descriptive approach by reviewing the literature, studies and previous research to identify the main concepts of ecological design, sustainable design, the concept of the ecological and ecological system and its impact on architecture, and the study of the impact of sustainable technology on ecological buildings.Second: the applied approach -Examining the level of application of ecological and technological design principles to architectural facilities.-Mutual effects between ecological design and eco-technological design in preserving the environment.An applied study on a group of foreign and Arab projects.Third: the case study approach Reaching the general and specific results and recommendations of the research study.

Ecosystem
It is a design that aims to reduce the destructive effects of the environment by integrating it with nature [1].It is a design that aims to improve the efficiency of energy use in architectural facilities, and it is not based on the use of the principle of technology, but rather it is based on the principle of using simple architectural solutions such as smart design, flexible energy solutions and providing the necessary information to users of the space.[2] 8. Ecological system The eco-technology trend came and exploited ecological concepts and applied them in technological architecture .The Eco-Technology trend can be considered a trend that combines two main trends in architecture, namely the Ecology Trend and the Technology Trend.Hence, the term Eco-Technology expresses the architecture that aims to synthesize smart technologies in a harmonious manner with the environment, by enhancing Efficient use of natural resources and energies with minimal impact on the ecological environment, achieving the principles of sustainability within a smart technical framework, to produce smart buildings capable of interacting and responding within the ecosystem in which they are located [3] .
-Ecosystem concept Study of ecological buildings -The concept of the Ecological System.
-Integration and merging between the ecological system and the ecosystem and its impact on Architecture .
-Two Architectural buildings on the Global Model .
-Two Architectural buildings on the Arab Model.
-Two Architectural buildings on the local Model.

Descriptive Approach
Case study Approach

Eco-technological integration
It represents a process of struggle for adequacy and adaptation to the external environment, which is achieved when the building is a continuous series of systems starting with the natural system up to the most industrial systems, emphasizing the importance of using local materials, managing waste, using renewable energies, conserving water, conserving resources, Employing high technology and the Internet.It stresses the need to reduce energy consumption while improving the climatic conditions of the building by taking advantage of the technological capabilities in this field.the use of evaluation forms as an incentive to take into account the environment in design and to innovate new methods because its ultimate and main goal is to achieve ecological buildings that are sensitive to the local environment climatically and culturally, taking advantage of the opportunities provided by nature, supported by means and modern technological products that contribute to the production of environmentally friendly buildings.[4] 9.1.Integration of design with eco-design system It will be shown here how these concepts are integrated in a system that has an effective role in enhancing the design towards achieving comfort for the occupants of the buildings on the one hand and compatibility with the environment and reducing the negative impact on it on the other hand.
Integration with the ecosystem and the surrounding environment is not a new trend, but rather it has existed since ancient times [5] but the architect may forget it or forget it sometimes over time through the use of technology that provides the possibility of controlling the internal environment and achieving user comfort. he has pointed out (1969, Lewis Mumford) to the importance of the environment by saying.9.2.Integration of design with the eco-technological design system The complementary relationship between technology and architecture can be achieved at all architectural levels through the adoption of different directions that may fall outside the capabilities of architecture, as the use of technology by architects that has emerged and has become an increasing shift that will affect the future of architectural production, as there are many experiences and evidence that confirm the high value of architecture.The technology of the buildings to be re-established is very smart with the increase in the number of integrated systems in it.achieving effective and practical integration of a number of different technologies included in a building is one of the most difficult challenges in the design, and control systems used to configure the building and its infrastructure that provides the occupant with a comfortable, efficient, and flexible environment.[6] 10. Standards and design principles in the Ecological and Eco-technological Integration system Developing several special design principles and criteria that directly affect the system of ecological and eco-technological integration in the hot, dry climatic environment [7], which must be taken into account in the design of environmental buildings that fall under design thinking.Ecologist and Ecotechnologist in architecture to achieve close integration between sustainability and the environment to improve the efficiency of the architectural and urban environment.They are as follows: From here, the importance of eco-technological integration appears because it represents the merger between the ecological design system and the technological design.It also plays an important role and has functions referring to the biological and non-living natural components, explaining two basic ideas for the processes of ecosystems represented by the flow of energy, and the cycle of materials in ecosystems with specific characteristics.Ecosystems conserve energy, store information, open systems, in a state of growth, useful, distinct, and capable of balance and adaptability .

Case Study :
The analytical study is based on the work of projecting and comparing the aforementioned requirements, standards and principles that were derived from the previous chapters, which are represented in.

Objectives of studying architectural models for ecological and technological buildings :
A. Determine the function of the building, and the applications of the ecological and ecotechnological systems in the building .B. Applying principles and standards of ecological and eco-technological integration to architecture and urbanism in a hot, dry climatic environment .C. Benefit from the experiences of ecological and eco-technological buildings at the global, Arab and local levels, and know the consequences of the building's response and the extent of their integration with each other .D. Get the results of the integration of the ecological and eco-technological system in the building and study its effectiveness .

Study criteria for the selected architectural buildings :
The selected buildings will be studied through several points in order to finally reach the desired results and apply the mechanism of integration of eco-technological and ecological design to architecture and urbanism through several steps followed as follows : A.

Studies of the general location
The site depends on a strong relationship between the building and planning in general and the ecological environment surrounding desert nature.see Figure 1 1.2

Adaptation to hot, dry climate
Natural elements such as rocks, stone and sand were used to reflect the desert nature of the place, and to give guests a permanent sense of place.

Maintain vital systems
All suites include skylights for watching the stars and the reception area features glass panels Frameless folds up to reveal desert vistas 1.4

Environmentally compatible Design
It was built with very simple basic techniques and high-quality materials in addition to community use or community participation, because it affects the environment, and the use of renewable and ecological building materials.

The Efficiency of Materials
It is an ideal choice as a construction material in the hot, dry desert and also does not require any maintenance, so Cor-Ten is a sustainable option.Cor-Ten perforated panels were used to shade the building without sacrificing see Figure 2 2.2

Optimization of Resources
The walls are designed with smooth lines and large thickness in order to protect the building from the hot outside weather

Suitability Recycling Methods
The water recycling system throughout the lodge generates more than 100,000 liters 3 Principles of Environmental Technology and Energy 3.1

Ecological design principles
Achieving the highest levels of environmental and community protection.The main goal in Sosusvli was to protect the environment of an environmentally sensitive nature, to integrate the building.

Technological development
Using solar heating system on the surface

Energy Management
There is a fully independent solar heating system and each suite is like its own solar power plant, producing enough energy to run not only the air conditioning 4 User Principles 4.1

Observe the users of spaces
The hotel was developed with the participation of a group of African tribes in the process, and the manufacture of furniture from local materials on site by them

4.2
Indoor Environmental Quality Glass façade to complement the expansive views of the different spaces so that it is ideally designed from the spacious interior and features a private veranda

Contact with the External Environment
The rooms are beautifully designed to capture the splendor and solitude of the desert, allowing for ultimate privacy.Each suite is designed with an air-conditioned glass façade to complement the expansive views of the different spaces see      The walls were built of kershef stone, which consists of salt and fine sand mixed with clay, while the doors and windows were made of palm tree wood.see Figure 8

Optimization of Resources
The idea of flexibility in design also depends on the flexibility of using formation in the general location.

Suitability Recycling Methods
Reusing some previously used palm wood for some construction purposes, reusing it in ceilings, reusing old wooden openings and doors.see Figure 10  3 Principles of Environmental Technology and Energy

Ecological design principles
Taking into account the natural characteristics of the external site.

Technological development
The project reflects the thought of the World Environmental Quality and does not rely on technology, but is based on the natural and cultural components of the spatial scope 3.

Energy Management
The cost of maintenance and operation has also decreased because the building does not depend on electrical energy.see Figure 12  4 User Principles 4.1.Observe the users of spaces The architect involved a group of users, local engineers, and specialists in building in the traditional way in the initial design processes.see Figure 11 4.2.Indoor environmental quality Rooms are located in a group of separate buildings, achieving a better relationship with the site than a single building that might suggest a conflict with the natural environment.

Contact with the external environment
The elements of the project are distributed, achieving a better relationship with the site than a single building that might suggest a conflict with the extended natural environment

Discussion
Through studying and analyzing previous buildings and applying the design principles of the ecological and eco-technological Integration system, which directly affects the identification of the ecological building, which consists of four main principles, we compare them and found .asshown in The relative importance of environmental factors has been achieved in high proportions in international buildings and in a very good way, and the designer took into account all environmental standards to obtain an eco-technological building .
While in the Arab study, the relative importance of environmental factors was achieved very well, unlike the Arab and studies, where the architect paid attention to very important environmental points in order to achieve an ecotechnological building that preserves the environment .
In local study, the relative importance of environmental factors was achieved in an excellent way, as the designer paid attention to the desert environment in the design process in all its aspects, and it became one of the most important ecological buildings in Egypt .The architect excelled in highlighting the interest in local environmental standards, as they were the strongest and his ecological identity in general was affected by it and was similar to the architectural identity of architecture that works to complete environmental compatibility processes.
The designer achieved high economic efficiency by reducing: the initial cost, reducing the consumption of raw materials, using environmentally friendly materials, and materials produced through recycling processes, reducing the total cost of the project and reducing the maintenance cost by using highly efficient, durable materials.
12 3) Principles of Environmental Technology and Energy: -Ecological design principles -Technological development -Energy Management The designer paid great attention to the principles of environmental technology, which can be highly appreciated, as he used solar panels, recycled water to grow gardens on the site, and sought help from companies specialized in this matter.
The designer paid great attention to the principles of environmental technology, which can be appreciated with distinction, as he was very interested in reducing the economic cost of construction and operation through the use of traditional construction methods, and reduce the total cost.
The relative importance of technological factors and energy sources was achieved in acceptable proportions in the local study, and the initial cost of buildings became low due to the use of low-cost materials available on site with simple manufacturing processes.

4) User Principles:
-Observe the users of spaces -Indoor environmental quality -Contact with the external environment The relative importance of social factors and community participation has been achieved at very high rates, and the success of these projects is attributed to participation of residents and local architects in the design and implementation processes.
Involving the local community achieved an essential factor in the ecohotel and understanding the spirit of the place, and they were involved in every stage of the hotel that was studied.
The architecture excelled in the success of the standards, taking into consideration the users of the device, and sharing the users with a group of designers specialized in technical and environmental systems.
Therefore, The Research shows the importance of increasing the trend of Eco-technological integration and its actual application in the design of architectural buildings by activating the design principles affecting the environmental building, which are (environmental and functional principles, climate-environmental principles, local principles, environmental and energy technological principles, principles related to users) and taking them into account well.In the design process and its scrutiny, to support and strengthen this trend and highlight the relative importance of ecological and ecotechnological principles, because it is a design strategy that can be used and produce sustainable ecological buildings that meet all the standards of environmental architecture.And not to neglect the ecological environmental aspect in designing smart buildings and realizing the importance of analyzing the basic principles of the trend.Ecotechnology to obtain an environmentally compatible interior design, and paying attention to the technological means available to achieve energy efficiency in interior spaces in ways that do not affect the External Environment .A. Sossusvli Hotel: Achieved the Highest levels of Environmental and community protection, as the primary goal was in Sossusvlei.Protecting the environment has an environmentally sensitive nature, and the integration of the building with the desert environment is the most important thing that Sossusvlei achieved, and it received the award for the 10 best environmental hotels from The Telegraph for the year 2019.This is due to taking into account the standards of ecological integration in the design process and the integration between Ecological and Ecotechnology together B. Masdar Institute of Science and Technology: The designer's interest in achieving high economic efficiency appeared in order to increase the benefit and investment efficiency of the building and reduce the cost of maintenance by using highly efficient and durable materials.The designer paid attention to the principle of designing with nature during the planning process and adding means for environmental treatments, by taking into account the design of blocks closes to each other during the planning process and creating courtyards as a thermal regulator for all the buildings overlooking it.C. Adrere Amalal Ecological Hotel.: The designer followed traditional methods in forming buildings and building materials, as he took into account the natural characteristics of the environmental location of hotel by using traditional block formation to reduce the effect of heat and reduce the percentage of surfaces exposed to heat from the sun, as well as the use of palm wood in ceilings, and the use of natural building systems and materials that reduce Heat transfer to voids.These elements are characterized by low damage due to their large availability on the site and the surrounding environment and their excellent response to environmental changes.Hence, The Importance of creating Sustainable Environmental architecture that takes into account environmental and economic conditions becomes clear through applying the most important design principles that directly affect the identity of Ecological buildings and thinking about developing environmental strategies and Modern Technologies to rationalize energy consumption, and applying them on the ground by presenting various examples of several buildings.Global, Arab and local ecology and knowledge of the most important architectural Solutions Used in Reality.

Results
The Research showed the importance and effectiveness of applying eco-technological and ecological design to Architecture by devising design foundations and standards during all stages of building design in order to become a tool Effective and contributing to the development of architecture, And Applied Ecological and Eco-technological standards in some important architectural buildings such as: A. Sossusvli Hotel : Designer achieves eco-technological integration standards and demonstrated in how to exploit environmental, social and cultural influences, as the hotel was built using simple techniques and highly efficient materials in addition to using the community element or community participation, achieving environmental architecture strategies, using renewable and ecological building materials, and integrated planning of the general site and taking into account the economic factor to create a sustainable environmental building.He was able to combine ecological and eco-technology thought.B. Masdar Institute of Science and Technology: The designer used all traditional techniques and modern methodologies such as building mass orientation, natural ventilation, direct absorption of sunlight from the roof level and bending inward and thus achieved savings in both electricity and cooling loads, and were adapted to the modern demands of the contemporary city and the future.Sustainable, making the building and the general layout of the city a zero-carbon design.C. Adrere Amalal Ecological Hotel Building -Siwa Oasis: One of its most important features is that the designer paid great attention to reducing the economic cost of construction and operation through the use of traditional construction methods, means and materials that reduce the cost and energy consumption and reduce the negative impact on the environment.It is considered one of the most important and famous local environmental buildings on the planet.and fulfills the standards of eco-technological integration.From here, The Success of Eco-technological integration standards emerged through studying the integration between the Ecosystem and Eco-technology on the hot, dry climatic environment and its direct impact on architecture following environmental design solutions through studying international, Arab and local eco-technological architectural projects and reaching environmental buildings in sustainable hot climate environments as its first and main goal to reduce the negative impact on the environment.15.Recommendations:

Planning recommendations
The necessity of paying attention to the desert environment and providing the necessary requirements for human comfort in it, whether physiological or psychological comfort.The research recommends in particular improving environmental performance.The necessity of developing urban policies for the ecological building that are appropriate to the special nature of each region in terms of form and content.Full compatibility with the ecological characteristics of the site and employing its elements in order to make the most of these characteristics in formulating the optimal urban fabric 15. 2

. Architectural and design recommendations
Using local building materials from renewable sources and preventing the use of materials that require energy intensive and are environmentally harmful.Achieving ventilation inside spaces through natural methods through the proportions and sizes of openings and the location of the air inlet and outlet in order to achieve thermal comfort for the user of the space.
Orienting the buildings to ensure a distinct vision.Using finishing materials and furnishing spaces from local materials Exploiting local workers who have great local heritage and experience in design and implementation.15.3.Recommendations regarding the elements of general site coordination Using plants and crops that are compatible with the natural and local environment (desert), ensuring the sustainability of the life of these plants and contributing to rationalizing the costs of irrigation, maintenance and follow-up.Encouraging the use of local and natural materials in the design of site landscaping items and elements by local residents.

Construction recommendations
Identifying the most appropriate construction methods for the site, taking into account the natural, environmental, economic and cultural aspects.Choosing construction methods that do not pollute the natural environment.

Technical recommendations
It is recommended to use clean methods and techniques to generate energy in the environmental building (solar energy, wind energy, etc.).Because ecological engineering supported by sustainability is the need of the day The necessity of paying attention to eco-technological and ecological design standards because it achieves the concepts of sustainable development.
Results and RecommendationsTheMechanism of Integration of the Ecological and Technological Design System on Architecture Ecological and Technological Design principles and principles, especially (hot, dry climatic environment) Applied Approach Research Methodology Application of Ecological Design and Eco-technological Design to Architecture 4

10. 1 .
Environmental climatic principles: It depends on how to exploit the environmental influences surrounding the project such as: A. Studies of the general location of the hot dry climate .B. Adaptation to hot, dry climate .C. Maintain vital systems .D. Environmentally compatible design.10.2.Local principles: It plays an important role in the ecological and eco-technological integration system and is divided into three elements as follows : A. The efficiency of the materials used in the hot, dry climate .B. Optimal utilization of resources in a hot, dry climate .C. Sustainability recycling methods.10.3.Principles of environmental technology and energy: Representing an economic factor in the design of ecological and technological buildings through the application of the following: [8] A. Ecological design principles.B. Technological development in the building.C. Energy management.10.4.User Principles It depends on observing people's use of ecological and technological buildings and how they interact with the building through the following: A. Observe the users of spaces.B. Indoor environmental quality.C. Contact with the external environment.

Fig 8 .
Fig 8. Using local, low-cost, Economical Materials in the building [16] local natural materials available in the surrounding environment and are used in the same construction methods used by local residents, with the addition of other construction techniques such as the use of perforated Cor-Ten panels for shading in Sossvlei

.
The architectural and structural description of the building .B. Environmental treatments, Ecological and Eco-technological systems used.C. Applying design principles and standards for the Ecological and Eco-technological integration system in the hot, dry climatic environment.

Table 2 .
Applied Ecological and Eco-technological standards in Masdar City

Table 3 .
Applied Ecological and Eco-technological standards in Adrere Amalal Hotel-Siwa