Harnessing Technology for Environmental Method: Cultivating High Order Thinking Skills for Sustainable Maritime Development Knowledge

There The objective of this research is to identify effective strategies for leveraging technology to enhance the understanding of students and practitioners in the maritime sector regarding Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). Furthermore, it aims to underscore the importance of designing relevant and up-to-date curricula while offering suitable learning platforms that align with technological advancements. Employing a quantitative approach, the study indicates that HOTS-based learning has an impact on increasing maritime awareness among students in Bandung city. This study illuminates’ phenomena in the realm of maritime education and the potential integration of technology in fostering High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). The research findings highlight that the integration of HOTS represents an effective approach to enhance analytical capabilities, promote active involvement, enhance creative problem-solving abilities, and ultimately instill enduring environmental consciousness. These research findings provide a robust foundation for concluding that the implementation of Learning-based HOTS methods significantly enhances sustainable maritime knowledge and awareness.


Introduction
The advancement of technology in recent decades has led to transformative shifts in various sectors, notably in the maritime and oceanic domain [1] [2]).This progress has significantly enhanced human capacities to explore and exploit the vast potential of the seas.However, concurrently, the sustainability of the maritime environment has emerged as an increasingly pressing concern in academic discourse [3]- [5].The intricately interconnected challenges of climate change, pollution, habitat degradation, and excessive exploitation of marine resources pose grave threats to the continuity and resilience of marine ecosystems, as well as to the overall well-being of human societies that depend on these ecosystems for sustenance and livelihood.
The anticipated outcomes of this study are expected to illuminate the potential of technology-based HOTS education in fortifying the capacities of individuals and organizations to effectively tackle complex marine environmental issues.The culmination of this research is envisioned to pave the way for enhanced decision-making processes, sustainable resource management practices, and the widespread adoption of environmentally-friendly initiatives across the entire maritime sector.

Methods
This study employs a quantitative research approach to explore the potential and impact of implementing High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based learning on the enhancement of maritime environmental awareness among students in the city of Bandung.The research procedures in this study encompass the following steps: (1) examining and describing phenomena related to the elevation of maritime awareness in Indonesia and the necessity to reinforce student learning in order to cultivate such awareness based on HOTS; (2) determining the study's design and methodology; (3) conducting a literature review, distributing questionnaires, and conducting interviews; (4) processing data and presenting study findings; (5) analyzing and interpreting study findings; and (6) reporting the study results.

Sample and Data Collection
The data sources for this study are survey results (quantitative) and observations.The survey was carried out by distributing questionnaires to 125 students who voluntarily participated in the maritime awareness survey from five Senior High Schools in the city of Bandung.The study sample was determined using a random sampling technique.The research spanned a period of three months, from June 2022 to the end of August 2022.

Making Network Diagram
The variables examined in this study encompass High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)-based learning and maritime environmental awareness.Quantitative data analysis employed the regression method with the SPSS program.A pilot test was conducted in this study to assess the validity and reliability of the questionnaire instrument.The statistical results of the validity test utilizing the product moment correlation reveal that the calculated value of r exceeds the tabulated r, thus establishing the validity of all items in this study.Similarly, the outcomes of the reliability test using Cronbach's Alpha demonstrated that all items exhibited satisfactory reliability levels exceeding 0.60.
The collected data will undergo a rigorous analysis approach.This analytical process will encompass data coding, identification of recurring themes and patterns, and comprehensive interpretation to elucidate the meanings and implications of the research findings.The overarching objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the potential integration of technology in fostering High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) within the domain of maritime education and sustainable development.It is anticipated that this research will provide invaluable perspectives and insights that contribute to the advancement of technology-oriented maritime education and sustainable development, ultimately shaping a sustainable maritime future.

Profile of Respondents
A total of 125 respondents were involved in this study with the characteristics that can be seen in Table 1.
Table 1 The majority of respondents were male students (52,00%) with an age range below 17 years (67,20%).The religion adhered to by the majority of respondents is Islam (62,40%).The majority of students who were respondents to this study came from Bandung city (60,80%).

Quantitative Results
A total of 125 student volunteers were involved in filling out the questionnaires distributed to obtain data about the variables studied.The data collected was then processed and tested statistically with the SPSS program.In this case, the statistical tests include classical assumption tests and hypothesis testing using the path analysis method.The followings are the steps and results of the tests performed.

a. Classic assumption test
A classic assumption test is a form of testing related to several assumptions or requirements that must be met in the regression model.Those assumptions or requirements include the following tests.Based on the SPSS output table for the normality test, the significance value of Asymp.Sig.(2tailed) is greater than the required cut-off value (>0.05).Following the basis for decisionmaking in the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, it can be concluded that the above data is normally distributed.Thus, the normality requirements in the regression model can be met.

2) Linearity test
The results of the linearity test for the independent variables can be seen in Table 3.Based on the Coefficients output table above, the tolerance value for the HOTS Learning variable is 1,000.This tolerance value is greater than 0.10 (> 0.10), which means that there are no symptoms of multicollinearity in the regression model.The same condition can also be seen from the VIF value which is less than 10.00 (<10.00) which indicates that there are no symptoms of multicollinearity in the regression model used.

Hypothesis testing
The results of the previous classical assumption test show that the processed data meets the regression requirements.To test the formulated hypothesis, the researcher then performed a regression procedure to determine the effect of HOTS Learning on Maritime Awareness.Based on the results of the regression test, the hypotheses built in this study can be proven.The results of the regression test can be seen in Table 5 below.Based on the previous regression test output table, the significance value of the HOTS Learning variable is 0.000.The significance value (Sig.) of this variable is less than 0.05.These results indicate that the HOTS Learning variable has a positive and significant effect on Maritime Awareness.The R Square value as found in the Summary Model is 0.971.Thus, the contribution of HOTS Learning to Maritime Awareness is 97.1 percent.While the remaining 2.9 percent is the contribution of other variables not examined.Thus, the hypothesis built in this study that HOTS Learning has a positive and significant influence on Maritime Awareness is proven and accepted.

Discussion
The adoption of Environmental Technology-based High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods is a crucial endeavor aimed at augmenting sustainable maritime knowledge.Findings derived from statistical test above and literature reviews unveil several fundamental aspects concerning the merits of HOTS, as follows: 1. Enhanced Analytical Proficiency: The incorporation of Environmental Technology-based HOTS methods substantially amplifies the analytical aptitude of students in the maritime domain and stakeholders engaged in comprehending environmental issues and challenges associated with maritime development.By availing interactive access to a diverse array of data and information, participants are empowered to proficiently dissect intricate scenarios, identify core predicaments, and formulate more effective solutions.
The utilization of Environmental Technology-based High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods has been demonstrated to be an effective approach in enhancing the analytical capabilities of students in the maritime domain and relevant stakeholders engaged in comprehending environmental issues and challenges associated with maritime development [15] [16].HOTS-based learning models underscore the significance of fostering higher-order thinking skills, including analysis, synthesis, and evaluation, which are pivotal in resolving intricate problems and making well-informed decisions.
By employing environmental technology, participants are incentivized to engage with diverse and interactive data and information, encompassing environmental data, marine data, and maritime development-related information.With seamless and rapid access to these informational resources, participants can amass pertinent and comprehensive data for their analyses.Environmental technology also offers sophisticated analytical tools and modeling capabilities, enabling participants to structure data in various formats and construct representative environmental models [17], [18].Equipped with a wide array of information and analytical tools, participants are better positioned to conduct in-depth analyses of complex situations.They can establish interconnections between various environmental and maritime aspects, discern patterns and trends, and assess the potential impacts of decisions on the environment and society.
In the realm of environmental education, the adoption of Environmental Technology-based HOTS methods empowers students to cultivate profound and evidence-centered analytical skills.The Environmental Technology-based High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) method also encourages participants to identify the root causes underlying environmental issues and challenges in maritime development.By understanding the root causes, participants can design more appropriate and long-term strategic measures.In the context of environmental education, this means that students will be better able to comprehend the complexity of environmental issues and recognize various contributing factors to the problems at hand [19]- [21].Furthermore, the utilization of Environmental Technology-based HOTS method provides participants with an opportunity to develop more effective solutions [22].By combining critical thinking, in-depth analysis, and access to advanced technology, participants can devise innovative and sustainable solutions to address environmental and maritime issues.Moreover, this method also trains stakeholders to consider the long-term implications of their decisions and actions on marine ecosystems and communities.
The use of Environmental Technology-based HOTS method, thus, makes a significant contribution in enhancing the analytical capabilities of students and stakeholders in understanding environmental issues and maritime development.With this approach, they can cultivate a deeper and critical understanding of environmental issues, ultimately aiding in the promotion of sustainable and responsible maritime development.2. Increased Active Engagement: The integration of environmental technology-based methods has demonstrated its efficacy in promoting active engagement among maritime students throughout the learning process.The incorporation of captivating and interactive learning platforms kindles their interest in exploring intricate facets concerning environmental and maritime domains.This active involvement fosters intrinsic motivation, ultimately culminating in a more profound and enduring comprehension of these intricacies.
In the realm of environmental education and maritime development, active student participation is pivotal in facilitating the cultivation of profound and sustainable comprehension concerning intricate environmental issues.The adoption of environmental technology as a conduit for implementing High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) has proven to be an effective approach in stimulating students' proactive involvement within the learning milieu [20], [23].
HOTS theory underscores the paramountcy of students' proactive participation in devising inquiries, seeking solutions, and engaging in critical thinking during problem-solving.Within the context of environmental and maritime education, environmental technology provides captivating and interactive learning platforms that ignite students' curiosity to delve further into pertinent environmental issues [24].By leveraging environmental technology, students can access a diverse array of relevant resources and information, encompassing environmental data, scientific research, and up-to-date news pertaining to environmental concerns.Through interactive elements, such as virtual simulations and data visualization, students are afforded a more immersive and gratifying learning experience.This proactive engagement affords students the opportunity to metamorphose into independent researchers, exploring answers to their own queries and attaining a profound understanding of environmental issues.
Environmental technology can play a crucial role in fostering student engagement in collaborative activities.By utilizing online learning platforms, students can actively participate in group projects that involve discussions and joint problem-solving.Virtual interactions with peers and teachers can enhance students' sense of ownership over their learning journey, thereby stimulating intrinsic motivation and deep engagement.Such active involvement in technologybased environmental learning contributes significantly to the development of more sustainable understanding [18], [25].The immersive learning experiences enabled by environmental technology allow students to acquire knowledge and skills that are directly relevant to environmental and maritime issues.Consequently, their understanding gains greater significance and applicability as they relate their learning to real-world experiences and practical situations.
It is essential to emphasize that the active engagement promoted by technology-based environmental learning is not limited to maritime students alone.Other stakeholders involved in maritime development can also benefit from utilizing environmental technology to enhance their participation and engagement in sustainable maritime endeavors.The integration of environmental technology into Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) based learning can effectively boost active involvement among maritime students and relevant stakeholders.Through the use of captivating and interactive learning platforms, students are encouraged to take on the roles of independent researchers and collaborators in environmental problem-solving.This heightened level of engagement results in students' deeper and more enduring comprehension of environmental issues, making valuable contributions to the pursuit of sustainable and future-oriented maritime development.
3. Enhanced Creative Problem-Solving Abilities: The research findings provide evidence that the application of Environmental Technology-based Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods significantly enhances the creative problem-solving capabilities of stakeholders in addressing intricate environmental challenges.Virtual simulations and advanced modeling techniques facilitate the development of diverse alternative solutions, allowing participants to thoroughly examine potential outcomes and determine the most sustainable and effective approaches [26], [27].This study sheds light on how the implementation of Environmental Technology-based HOTS methods substantially contributes to enriching the creative problem-solving abilities of stakeholders when tackling complex environmental issues.Grounded in HOTS theory, the emphasis lies in cultivating innovative and future-oriented perspectives, empowering stakeholders to approach environmental concerns with inventiveness.By leveraging environmental technology, participants engaged in environmental and maritime learning gain access to various virtual simulation tools and advanced modeling techniques.These tools serve as a platform for stakeholders to conduct realistic simulations pertinent to multifaceted environmental problems.By harnessing these technologies, they can generate a multitude of alternative solutions and evaluate the potential outcomes of each proposed resolution.
The integration of advanced modeling techniques further empowers stakeholders to undertake a profound and comprehensive analysis of the implications associated with each alternative solution.The data and information derived from these modeling exercises yield invaluable insights in determining the most sustainable and effective strategies for addressing environmental concerns.Through the utilization of such technology, participants gain access to a plethora of pertinent factors encompassing environmental impacts, social dimensions, and resource availability, thereby facilitating the development of comprehensive and forward-looking solutions.
It is imperative to underscore that the incorporation of environmental technology into HOTS methods not only proffers a diverse array of alternative solutions but also stimulates the ingenuity of stakeholders in devising innovative and sustainable remedies.Within the realm of environmental and maritime education, this engenders a capacity among students and participants to surpass conventional thinking and engender novel, potentially transformative ideas pertaining to sustainable maritime development [24], [28].Given the intricacies often associated with environmental issues, fostering creativity in problem-solving becomes paramount, thereby necessitating inventive and future-oriented approaches to effectively grapple with these challenges.The integration of Environmental Technology-based HOTS methods into environmental and maritime education provides a gateway for stakeholders to contemplate unconventional approaches and think "outside the box" in addressing intricate environmental predicaments.
Research findings strongly indicate that the implementation of Environmental Technologybased HOTS methods confers substantial advantages in enhancing the creativity of stakeholders when seeking resolutions to complex environmental issues.Through immersive virtual simulations and sophisticated modeling techniques, participants are enabled to cultivate an array of diverse alternative solutions and embrace innovative and sustainable approaches.This burgeoning creativity in problem-solving marks a momentous stride forward towards the pursuit of sustainable and future-oriented maritime development.

Enhanced Environmental Awareness: This study reveals that Environmental Technology-based
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods play a crucial role in elevating stakeholders' awareness of environmental issues and the significance of sustainable maritime development.They become more attuned to the impact of human activities on marine ecosystems and maritime resources, fostering the adoption of environmentally friendly behaviors.The research findings demonstrate that the utilization of Environmental Technology-based HOTS methods plays a pivotal role in augmenting stakeholders' awareness of environmental issues and the urgency of sustainable maritime development.HOTS theory underscores the importance of cultivating profound and reflective understanding of complex issues, which contributes to heightened awareness and active engagement in sustainability efforts [29].Through the application of environmental technology in environmental and maritime education, stakeholders gain access to various relevant information resources concerning environmental issues and challenges in maritime development.In this regard, technology provides access to scientific reports, environmental data, latest research, and other educational resources pertinent to environmental concerns.Confronted with credible and factual information, stakeholders become more conscious of the state of the environment and human impacts on marine ecosystems and maritime resources.
Moreover, the use of environmental technology also affords opportunities for stakeholders to participate in simulations and interactive games related to environmental issues.In a safe and supportive environment, students and participants can engage in role-playing scenarios depicting the consequences of various human actions on the environment.Such simulations can enhance their understanding and empathy towards the vulnerability of marine ecosystems and the importance of considering environmental impacts in maritime development.
This research demonstrates that the incorporation of Environmental Technology-based Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods serves as a catalyst for fostering profound reflection and in-depth discourse on environmental matters.Stakeholders are prompted to consider diverse perspectives and varied viewpoints when addressing environmental challenges.These collaborative discussions create an avenue for them to comprehend the intricacies of environmental issues and underscore the importance of cooperative efforts in resolving extant problems.Furthermore, the application of Environmental Technology-based HOTS methods leads to a heightened environmental consciousness, consequently encouraging the adoption of eco-friendly behaviors among students and stakeholders.These environmentally conscious individuals are inclined to undertake responsible actions towards safeguarding the environment and marine resources.Notably, their actions may encompass endeavors to curtail energy consumption, minimize the utilization of single-use plastics, and endorse sustainable practices in maritime development.
The research findings unequivocally affirm that the integration of Environmental Technologybased HOTS methods plays a pivotal role in augmenting stakeholders' environmental awareness and accentuating the significance of sustainable maritime development.Through facile access to pertinent information and realistic simulations, stakeholders develop heightened sensitivity towards the impact of human activities on marine ecosystems and maritime resources, culminating in the pursuit of eco-friendly behaviors.In spite of the considerable advantages derived from the adoption of Environmental Technologybased Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods, research also highlights several challenges in its practical implementation.Among these challenges are limited technology access in specific regions, the necessity for additional training to optimize technology utilization for stakeholders, and apprehensions regarding data security in technology-based platforms.
A prominent challenge is the restricted availability of technology in certain regions, particularly in remote or underdeveloped areas, which may constrain access to technological resources.Issues related to infrastructure, such as unstable or inadequate internet connectivity, can impede active engagement of students and stakeholders in technology-based learning.Addressing this challenge calls for concerted efforts to enhance technological infrastructure and provide wider access to technological devices across diverse regions.Data security concerns regarding technology-based platforms present a noteworthy challenge.In technology-based learning, personal data and sensitive information concerning students and stakeholders may be gathered and processed.Consequently, it becomes crucial to ensure that platforms and systems employed in environmental and maritime education incorporate stringent security measures to safeguard personal data and forestall any misuse of information.
These challenges must be acknowledged and addressed earnestly to ensure the effective and successful implementation of Environmental Technology-based Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods in environmental and maritime education.Collaborative efforts among governments, educational institutions, technology industries, and other stakeholders are imperative to surmount these obstacles.By overcoming these challenges, the full potential of utilizing environmental technology to facilitate HOTS methods can be realized, thereby positively impacting the enhancement of students' and stakeholders' understanding and engagement in environmental and sustainable maritime development issues.

Conclusions
This study delves into the utilization of Environmental Technology-based Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) methods as an effective approach to enhance sustainable maritime knowledge.The statistical findings confirm that HOTS-based learning significantly contributes to the development of deep and sustainable understanding of environmental issues and maritime awareness.HOTS-based learning effectively fosters active student engagement in environmental and maritime education.Interactive and engaging learning platforms ignite their intense curiosity, nurturing an inherent motivation to explore environmental issues comprehensively and persistently.
Furthermore, the use of environmental technology offers a promising avenue for nurturing creative problem-solving skills.Through simulations and interactive games, students are able to generate innovative and forward-looking alternative solutions to tackle environmental challenges.Such unconventional and imaginative thinking carries positive implications for advancing sustainable and effective approaches to maritime development.
The implementation of HOTS-based learning methods also plays a pivotal role in enhancing stakeholders' environmental consciousness.Insights garnered from environmental technology make them more aware of the consequences of human activities on marine ecosystems and maritime resources.This heightened awareness drives them towards adopting responsible and eco-friendly actions to further maritime sustainability endeavors.However, the research also uncovers certain challenges in implementing HOTS-based learning methods to increase students' maritime awareness.Challenges arising from limited technology access in specific regions, the need for additional training for stakeholders, and concerns regarding data security necessitate comprehensive and cross-sectoral efforts to maximize the benefits derived from integrating technology into environmental and maritime education.

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training becomes imperative for stakeholders to maximize the efficacy of environmental technology in learning.Effectively employing technology within the framework of HOTS methods necessitates a comprehensive grasp of various tools and platforms at hand.This training should encompass instructing stakeholders on how to develop relevant simulations or interactive games, utilize data analysis tools, and troubleshoot technical difficulties that may arise during technology-based learning.Ensuring that stakeholders possess the requisite skills and knowledge fosters a smoother and more proficient execution of Environmental Technology-based HOTS methods.

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Characteristics of Respondents

Table 3 .
Linearity Test Multicollinearity testThe results of the multicollinearity test for the independent variables can be seen in Table4.

Table 5 .
Regression Coefficient a. Dependent Variable: Maritime Awareness