Matrix-Matched Mapping for Rural Development Planning Study in Ngestirejo Village, Gunungkidul Regency, Indonesia

The Village Medium-Term Development Planning (RPJMDes) is a result of development planning as formed as document that shows the direction, objectives and policies of village development. Several considerations in forming RPJMDes document were the objective conditions of the village and the development priorities of the district. The RPJMDes is prepared to be a systematic framework of thinking about the problems faced by villagers, about the potential sources of villages, as well as the formulation of strategic actions oriented. These were important to fulfill common ideals namely improving welfare and at the same time building a democratic, fair and open (transparent) village government system or good governance. Ngestirejo Village in the Tanjungsari District, Gunungkidul Regency is one of coastal village which received award from Government as one of good village that implemented good administration and regulations in 2018. After local election, Ngestirejo Village then has a RPJMDes for the period 2020-2025. This study aims to examine the suitability of the development planning process of Ngestirejo Village with selected reference documents. The method used was descriptive method. The result shows that Ngestirejo RPJMDes had several discrepancies between existing RPJMDes and the ideal rules of the RPJMDes regulation by government. The stages in preparation of Ngestirejo RPJMDes document’s must be adjusted to the provisions of the legal references.


Introduction
In accordance with the mandate of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages, the Village Government is required to prepare a village development plan in accordance with its authority with reference to the related district development plan [1][2][3][4].It was further stated that in the framework of administering village government it is necessary to prepare a village development plan which is the direction in the regency regional development planning system.The village development plan is the Village Medium-Term Development Planning (RPJMDes) for a 6 (six) years period and the Village RKP for every 1 (one) year period [5].
One of the fundamental issues in implementing village development is related to the elements of village development planning or the preparation of RPJMDes document [6][7][8][9], because the RPJMDes is a document that shows the direction, goals and policies of village development [10][11][12][13][14]. Therefore, it 1264 (2023) 012037 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1264/1/012037 2 is very important to pay attention to the quality of the RPJMDes, both in terms of the preparation process, document quality and compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
Ngestirejo Village in the Tanjungsari sub-district, Gunungkidul Regency is one of coastal village which received award as a village that practices good administration and regulations in 2018.Because most of coastal villages in Gunung Kidul Regency does not has good village documents, it is very important to identify good practices for preparing village documents in Ngestirejo subdistrict, including the suitability of the village development planning process.
One of the regulations used as a reference in analyzing the 2020-2025 Ngestirejo RPJMDes document is Indonesian Minister of Home Affairs Regulation (Permendagri) Number 114 of 2014 concerning Village Development Guidelines.The stages in preparing the Ngestirejo RPJMDes must be adjusted to the provisions of the Government reference [15].Through this step, it is hoped that the village planning process can be carried out in accordance with applicable procedures and rules so that development planning in Ngestirejo Village can be carried out and the whole community can feel the benefits.This can be achieved by optimizing the existing potential to solve problems in the village scope annualy by village government work plan.
To that end, the research aim was to identify conformity and inconsistency between the Ngestirejo RPJMDes process and related technical instructions and regulations as identification base for knowing inconsistency rural development planning process.Thus, the next Village Government Work Plan for 2024 and 2025 could be minimizing for inconsistency of the previous document to achieve village sustainable development.The data analysis technique used in this research was a descriptive method, namely providing an overview of the particular phenomenon being studied.The descriptive method is not only limited to data collection, but also includes analysis and interpretation regarding the meaning of the data.Descriptive research can help in comparing the similarities and differences of certain phenomena.Descriptive research studies problems that exist in society and certain situations, including relationships, activities, attitudes, views, as well as ongoing processes and the influences of a phenomenon.In this research, the descriptive method used is based on the results of matrix-matched mapping the suitability and nonconformity between the Ngestirejo RPJMDes process and the technical instructions used in the process which are then analyzed descriptively to be able to answer the specified objectives.The results of matrix-matched mapping were expected to answer the objectives related to knowing inconsistency rural development planning process in Ngestirejo Village.

Result and Analysis
Ngestirejo Village is one of five villages in Tanjungsari District, Gunung Kidul Regency.This village is located in the easternmost district of Tanjungsari.Ngestirejo Village is a thousand mountainous area which has beautiful natural beaches.Decorated with a thousand hills and beautiful beaches as a means and or tourist spot for local and foreign tourists, with roads that connect across the hamlets in the village, and connect between other hamlets, other villages and sub-district (Figure 1. Research Location Map).Most of the livelihoods of the people in Ngestirejo Village were identified in the agricultural sector.This shows that the agricultural sector plays an important role in the community's economy.There were several types of livelihoods for residents in Ngestirejo Village, including farmers, farm labourers, grocery traders, self-employed, civil servants, amy/police (TNI/POLRI), retirees, freelance daily labourers, bricklayers/carpenters, village officials, village heads, private employees, domestic workers, taking care of the household, drivers, students, and not working/unemployed.
In village development, the participation of various elements of society is also needed so that the goals and targets that have been set can be achieved.In this regard, Ngestirejo Village has many community organizations which became village assets that were useful as media for conveying information in every village development process to the community.Ngestirejo Village has various local community groups such as LPMP, PKK, Posyandu, farmer groups, Gapoktan, and village youth organizations.
Based on Table 1 Matrix-Matched Mapping for Planning Documents above, the analysis of the mechanism for preparing the Ngestirejo Village RPJM Document for 2020-2025 refers to the Permendagri Number 114 of 2014 described as follows: 1. Formation of the Village RPJM Compilation Team The Ngestirejo Village RPJM for 2020-2025 does not include this stage.It is only stated in the Village Regulation concerning the 2020-2025 Village RPJM Chapter II concerning Procedures for Compiling and Establishing the 2020-2025 Village RPJM Article 2, that the Village Government draft RPJM is drawn up.Then, in the appendix there is the minutes of the Village Meeting for the preparation of the Village RPJM with the result of the formation of the Village RPJM Drafting Team, but not stated in detail.
In addition, Permendagri Number 114 of 2014 also states that the number of teams must be at least 7 people and a maximum of 11 people and must involve women.However, in the Ngestirejo RPJMDes year of 2020-2025 this does not exist and there is no mention of the number of members or the composition of the team members.In the foreword, it was only stated that the Ngestirejo RPJMDes drafting team consisted of the Village Head, Village Secretary, Community Leaders, and Village Officials who had discussed and agreed on the RPJMDes Document.

Alignment of District Development Policy Directions
This stage has also been included in the Ngestirejo RPJMDes Document year of 2020-2025, but it was incomplete.There were no description of determining the direction of the development of Ngestirejo Village against the direction of policy in Gunungkidul Regency.In Chapter I of the Introduction, it was only alluded to that the Ngestirejo RPJMDes is a strategic plan for Ngestirejo Village to achieve village goals and aspirations.Where the RPJMDes will later become a planning document that adapts district-level planning.

Assessment of Village Conditions
According to Permendagri Number 114 of 2014, the assessment of village conditions is carried out by (1) village data alignment; (2) extracting community ideas; and (3) compiling a report on the results of an assessment of the village situation.This stage has been listed in the Ngestirejo RPJMDes Document for 2020-2025, but it was incomplete.There were also no harmonization of village data.
In Chapter IV of the RPJMDes it is explained that the preparation of the development program is carried out by exploring ideas related to the problems that exist in the village and what needs are needed by the community so that the aspirations of all levels of society can be accommodated.In this case the drafting team plays an active role in assisting the village government in discussing and agreeing on development processes in the village, governance in the village, community empowerment in the village, and community participation which is then agreed upon by the village government and the Village Consultative Body (BPD).
In addition, a report on exploring ideas for hamlets/groups has been attached, both based on social maps, institutional diagrams, and seasonal calendars in the hamlets of Ngestirejo Village in the form of a table containing problems, causes, potentials, and suggestions.Meanwhile, there was no report on the results of the village situation assessment.There was only an official report on the implementation of the village condition assessment in each hamlet.Where it was written that an assessment of the condition of the Padukuhan has been carried out which was attended by representatives from the group, the head of the Padukuhan, residents of the Padukuhan, community leaders and other elements related to the Padukuhan.Assessment of village conditions consists of activities: 1. Assessment of potential and problems based on social maps 2. Assessment of potential and problems based on the season calendar 3. Assessment of potential and problems based on institutional diagrams 4. Proposed activities related to problems based on social maps, seasonal calendars, and institutional diagrams.

Preparation of Village Development Plans through Village Consultations
The Ngestirejo RPJMDes document for 2020-2025 contains this stage and was complete.In the minutes of the village meeting regarding the preparation of the Village RPJM, it was stated that a village meeting had been held in Ngestirejo Village in the context of preparing the Village RPJM which was attended by the Village Head, elements of village apparatus, BPD, and representatives of community groups.Materials in the village meeting already shows among others: 1. Procedures for preparing the Village RPJM 2. Main thoughts of BPD 3. Main vision and mission of the Village Head 4. Formation of the Village RPJM team 5. Direction of Village Government policy After discussing the material, all participants in the village meeting agreed on a several matters which were decided to become the final agreement of the village meeting in the context of preparing the Village RPJM, namely: 1. Formation of the Village RPJM Compilation Team 2. RKTL Preparation of Village RPJM 3. Principal policy directions of the Village Government.

Preparation of the Village RPJM Draft
These stages are contained in the Ngestirejo RPJMDes Document for 2020-2025 and were complete.This is contained in Chapter II Procedures for Preparing and Establishing the RPJMDes year of 2020-2025, and the Village RPJM Draft Document is attached.In that chapter, it is written that: 1.The draft Village RPJM is prepared by the Village Government; 2. In preparing the Village RPJM Draft, the village government must pay serious attention to the aspirations that develop in the community which are accommodated by the Village Community Institution.In more detail, the village development programs were also described in the appendix of RPJMDes and added one area of disaster management, emergency and village urgency.Although village development planning must be matched to regional development planning, but when it formed in local scale as for RPJMDes, it is important to realize the unity of direction and efficiency of the development process nationally.By this way, the intended target will be realized and appropriate.

Conclusion
The development planning process in Ngestirejo Village for 2020-2025 is mostly in accordance with regulations regarding village planning, although there are several parts were not in accordance with the regulations referred to by the Ngestirejo Village RPJM drafting team.The process of preparing the RPJM for Ngestirejo Village also involved community participation which can be seen in the results of the village assessment with outputs in the form of potentials, problems and strategies in Ngestirejo Village.Almost the results and activity plans from the Ngestirejo RPJMDes Document year of 2020-2025 has been realized for 2020-2023 as evidenced in the evaluation of the implementation of activities listed in the Ngestirejo RKPDes for 2020-2023.In general, the program was not realized due to the COVID-19 pandemic, budget constraints, constantly changing regulations, and the availability of human resources.Thus, the next Village Government Work Plan for 2024 and 2025 could be prepared in minimizing for inconsistency to achieve village sustainable development.

Acknowledgments
Authors wishing to acknowledge assistance or encouragement from our assistant: Lisa Rindika, S.Si.Also, special work by PDD Grant Kemristekdikti 2023 and Faculty of Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada for financial support for this research as part of corresponding author's dissertation.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Research Location Map

Table 1 .
Matrix-Matched Mapping for Planning Documents (Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri Nomor 114 Tahun 2014 vs RPJMDes Ngestirejo) Preparation of Village Development Plans through Deliberation Village • Preparation of the Village RPJM Draft • The Village RPJM draft contains the vision and mission of the Village head • The Village RPJM draft contains development policy directions Village • The Village RPJM draft contains activity plans • Preparation of Village RPJM Through Planning Deliberations Village Development • Determination and Changes to the Village RPJM • Alignment of Regency/City Development Policy Direction • The Village Condition Assessment is carried out by: a.Alignment of village data, b.Exploring community ideas, and c. Preparation of reports on the results of village condition assessments • 3. The draft RPJMDes originating from the village government is submitted by the Village Head to stakeholders, namely: LPM, Community Institutions, PKK, KPM community leaders, religious leaders, etc. 4.After preparing the Draft RPJMDes, the Village Government submits the BPD to carry out a Village Deliberation to prepare the Village RPJM to discuss and agree on the Draft Village RPJM to become a Village RPJM document in the form of a Village Regulation.Not only that, in Chapter IV Concerning the 2020-2025 Ngestirejo RPJMDes it is also stated that the Village Development Policy Directions are directed at efforts to develop growth centers to encourage sustainable rural development that has social, economic and ecological resilience and encourage villageurban linkages.Where this development policy was carried out with a strategy that was divided into: 1. Implementation of village governance 2. Implementation of village development 3. Community development 4. Empowerment of village communities