Using Geospatial Information for Sustainable Small Farm and Dairy Processing Cluster Development of Community-Based in a Small City of Indonesia

Cluster development based on community participation is one way to increase farmers’ income. The cow-milk processing cluster is one of the promising clusters in Salatiga City. Dairy cow’s milk is a well-known product in Salatiga City, including in Kumpulrejo Area/Kelurahan. Kumpulrejo Area has various dairy products, including cheese, chips, and ice cream. However, the production of dairy products could be more sustainable, but only by consumer demand. Another obstacle is the need for more marketing and sales facilities from business actors to market existing dairy products, and the presence of COVID-19 and Foot and Mouth Diseases also impacts production activities. A dairy product processing cluster in Kumpulrejo Area is an effort to increase the economic value chain of business actors for dairy products in Kumpulrejo Area. This study analyzes the master plan of the area by using geospatial information. The master plan document is vital in the development of this cluster by involving the participation of the Kumpulrejo Area community, in this case, the Farmers Groups, which is the main subject of the Community Action Plan (CAP), through community discussion activities (CAP Workshop/FGDs). Before the process, it was previously conducting field observations, interviews, and distributing questionnaires in Pre-CAP. The observation determines the condition of dairy cow’s milk production activities in Kumpulrejo Area. In addition to gaining participation from the community, other stakeholders, such as local government and academics, also play a role in preparing the master plan document. The realization of the milk processing cluster in Kumpulrejo Area is expected to improve the income of the community in Kumpulrejo Area.


Introduction
Local potential development can increase people's income.Development efforts through community involvement are crucial in developing existing local potential.It is crucial to carry out action plans, such as Community Action Plans to increase income, started through communication.Furthermore, community organizations, including smallholders or small dairy producers, can increase 1264 (2023) 012025 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1264/1/012025 2 income by increasing access to the market, access to information and capacity to increase production [1].Levitan introduced Community Action Plan, an innovative program, decades ago to reduce poverty.It is not only efforts to improve welfare but also involves community or part of socio-political and educational aspects [2].Several studies also prove that working in groups gain more effective in reducing poverty [3,4].Sustainable Rural Livelihood of rural communities, according to Scoones, triggered by the vulnerability, led to a strategy of local farmers to adopt [5,6].
Salatiga is one of Central Java Province's small cities with many famous culinary variations.Dairy cow's milk is also one of the culinary specialities that have potential in the city of Salatiga.Based on the FEDEP (Forum of Economic Development of Central Java Province) document [7], there are 3,590 dairy cows in Salatiga City, which can produce 4,631,148 litres of dairy cow milk products in a year or around 7 litres per day.
There is a decreased quality of dairy cow milk produced by dairy farmers in Salatiga City.It is indicated by the relatively low price of dairy cow's milk in Salatiga due to poor quality [8].Dairy farmers in Salatiga City need guidance and assistance to improve product quality to increase income.Economic actors need to innovate to process dairy products to produce various processed products, such as cheese, yoghurt and milk chips.It requires the participation of the existing community.According to Herman [9], participation can be interpreted as a person's mental characteristics/thoughts and emotions/feelings in a group situation that encourages him to contribute to the group, achieve goals and take responsibility for the business concerned.
Tourism is one of the development sectors of Salatiga City.It is likely as part of an innovative strategy to increase the farmer's income based on local potential [10].According to the Law of Tourism [11], tourism is a variety of tourist activities supported by various facilities and services provided by the community, business people, government and local government.The development of a tourism object has several factors, including tourist attractions, promotion & marketing, tourism market, transportation, and society [12].Countryside and community-based tourism share community resources in the destination, and both need to encourage community participation.Community participation is necessary to gain community support and acceptance of tourism project development [13].
Kumpulrejo Area, located in Argomulyo District, Salatiga City, has the potential for a promising cluster of dairy cows, supported by most of the Kumpulrejo Area people's livelihood as cattle breeders [14] and the high availability of existing dry land.The community's existence in the form of Farming Groups (KTT) also supports the running of the dairy cattle cluster in the Kumpulrejo Area, including the KTT Rukun Santoso I and Margo Raharjo IV.Procuring a dairy product processing cluster in the Kumpulrejo Area is one of the efforts to improve the value chain and add value.
Many studies about urban design and site-plan based on geospatial data, agro-tourism, Community Action Plan (CAP) and local development, however it seems not in the same study, thus this study is about to integrate all the aspects.This study aims to analyze the process of an urban dairy farmer community in designing a small dairy processing master plan and further actions to increase their local products.The purpose of preparing this master plan is to realize a cluster of processing cow's milk products by utilizing dairy farming activities as educational tours and community-based centres that aim to improve the economic welfare of the Kumpulrejo Area community.

Data and Methods
The methods combined the Site-Plan Principle, Urban Design, and Community Action Plan (CAP).Secondary and primary data were part of the study.The secondary was the geospatial data of Googlemap of the area.This secondary data was an important part to collect information of the site and thus analyse it through the principle of Urban Design and Site-Plan Analysis included to determine zoning map.The primary data collected was in several activities included FGDs.The Community Action Plan (CAP) method helps prepare the Community-Based Milk Processing Cluster Development Master Plan in the Kumpulrejo Area.The Community Action Plan (CAP) is a participatory tool used to build the capacity of local communities to take steps that are appropriate to the problems, needs and potential of the community [15][16][17].The following are the CAP stages used:

Pre-CAP Stage
Primary data collection activities proceed through field observations, interviews, and questionnaires at this stage.Field observation activities helped to determine the conditions of dairy production activities in the Kumpulrejo Area.This activity was carried out by directly visiting and observing dairy cows' milking activities of farmers in the Kumpulrejo Area.In addition, observations determined the condition of physical facilities and infrastructure that could function to support existing plans.
Interviews were one of the primary data sources used in planning.The interview respondents were the Secretary of the Kumpulrejo Area, the Head of Farmer's Groups in the Kumpulrejo Area, and individual breeders in the Kumpulrejo Area.This activity explored the potential problems in producing and processing dairy cow milk in the Kumpulrejo Area.

CAP Workshop Stage
The CAP workshop stage held focus group discussions (FGD) which explained the potential and existing problems in the Kumpulrejo Area and the design concepts that applied in developing a dairy milk processing cluster in the Kumpulrejo Area.The focus group discussion included representatives from relevant agencies, such as Local Planning Board (Bappeda) of Salatiga City, Industrial Agency (Dinas Perindustrian), Kumpulrejo Area officials, and farmer groups in Kumpulrejo Area.

CAP Implementation Stage
This stage was based on the agreement and results from previous workshop stages.This stage produced a master plan for developing a dairy cow milk processing and educational cluster in the Kumpulrejo Area.Furthermore, the existing master plan became the basis for the ongoing development and development The combination the urban design, site plan method and CAP method results this geospatial cluster development of the Kumpulrejo area.

Design Area Profile
The design area is in Tetep Wates (neighbourhood area of RW 06), Kumpulrejo Area, Argomulyo District, Salatiga City.The Kumpulrejo Area has potential economic resources engaged in the dairy, beef cattle and goat farming sectors and the vegetable plantation sector.In addition, there are also human resources where the dominant people of the Kumpulrejo Area have a livelihood as dairy farmers.As dairy farmers, communities are also members of farmer groups (Farmers Group/KTT), including the KTT Rukun Santoso I and KTT Margo Raharjo IV. Figure 1 shows the location of the design area and its potential characteristics and problems.

Stages of Community Action Plan (CAP)
Implementing the Community Action Plan (CAP) in preparing the master plan in the design area essentially involves the community at every stage.The following 5 (five) stages of preparation as follows:

Preparation Stage.
Start with carrying out a series of administrative processes in the context of permitting activities, preparing survey instruments (interview forms, questionnaires, and observations), and preparing supporting tools and materials (cameras, GPS, maps) in the stages of Pre-CAP.

Data Collection Stage.
Included in the Pre-CAP stage was collecting primary data by conducting interviews with Kumpulrejo Area officials, interviews and distributing questionnaires to farmers of a farmers group in Kumpulrejo Area, and field observations related to the design area.Secondary data collection from literature studies, policy documents, and other literature supports the data requirements in preparing the master plan.

Data Compilation and Analysis Stage.
The data obtained is then processed and analyzed for further presentation in discussion activities (in Focus Group Discussion) with relevant stakeholders in the CAP Workshop stage.This activity aims to gather information and explain the plan concept to prepare the master plan development.

The Design Concept Development Stage.
From the results of the discussion in the first FGD activity, the design concept was prepared and adapted to the results of the existing discussions.The aim is that the existing design concepts can become potential developments and solutions to existing problems in the design area.This design concept then becomes a reference in the subsequent design stage.

Design Stage.
This design includes site analysis, urban design element analysis, city image analysis, activity analysis, and space requirements analysis.The visualization of design results led to the video of the design area.This stage includes the CAP Implementation stage (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Stages of Community Action Plan (CAP)
All the stages of CAP involve all aspects, welfare of socio-political and educational aspects [2].

Area Design Analysis
Site analysis is the earliest analysis stage carried out in the design.Then it needs to formulate space programs based on user and space activities.Site analysis also produces area zoning from the response overlays on-site analysis results, which divides the area into several zones in terms of function and original characteristics or other functions.Figure 3 shows the site analysis along with zoning in the design area.

Figure 3. Site Analysis and Zoning Map
The design of existing areas needs analysis of urban design elements.This analysis emphasizes integrating city-forming elements, namely the integration between buildings in the urban space unit and the integration of its users.Meanwhile, for city image analysis, it is used to show its characteristics which are generally physical and different from other regions.Figure 4 shows the results of the Analysis of urban design elements and Analysis of city images in the design area.

Area Design Concept: Community-based Sustainable Edu Tourism
The potential and problems in the design area determine the design concept.The design concept is expected to answer existing problems and maximize the potential in the design area.The concept applied to the design area in Kumpulrejo Area is Community-based Sustainable Edu Tourism.This concept as part of strategy to aiming to Sustainable Rural Livelihood of rural communities for strategy of local farmers [5].The design seems integrates urban design and site plan principles with community participation to increase the acceptance of local people [13].
The principle of sustainability determines the design to ensure that the three main aspects of sustainability, namely social, economic and environmental, accommodated in the design area.Then, a design that aims to ensure sustainability can be accommodated, such as developing Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) product processing centre, providing SMEs centre, developing communal stables, and other physical and non-physical developments.The community's active role is also one of the assets in implementing the existing communitybased concept.Involving the community in the master plan preparation process is part of the Community Action Plan (CAP) stage.In addition, educational tourism is also one of the designs brought.Educational tourism, the design concept for the design area, is agricultural edu-tourism, in this case, the dairy farming sector.

Result of Design Area
The design area has four main activity groups: settlements, plantations, educational tourism, also trade and services.The educational tourism area in the design area is located in two central locations: around the Kumpulrejo Area Office and the communal cage.The detailed design is in Figure 5.

Conclusion
The design area will be developed as a community-based and sustainable milk processing cluster based on the potential of the Kumpulrejo Area in the dairy farming sector.It is also developing educational tourism related to the processing of cow's milk and its processed products by involving the community as the leading actor.The chosen design concept is Community-based Sustainable Edu Tourism.The area's design is carried out by structuring the main tourist attractions in the existing communal cage area, procuring Small Enterprises centres and milk processing buildings, and procuring other supporting facilities in the design area.Preparing this master plan planning document is helpful for guidelines and direction for implementing development in the Kumpulrejo Area.The master plan is part of re-imagining the future of the dairy producers in countryside of a small city based on community participation [18].

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Design Area and its Characteristics

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. Analysis of Urban Design Elements and City Image