Value added product of pumpkin commodity in the central area of Banyuwangi Regency

The agricultural industry that is experiencing rapid development is the processing industry of agricultural products which aims to produce new products that are more innovative and ready for consumption by the public. This diversification of food based on local food is very necessary to support the national food security program. In Banyuwangi District has the abundance of pumpkin. Efforts to diversify pumpkin into functional food need to be processed into pumpkin into various food products. The emergence of pumpkin processing industry can play a role as a processing of local resources. The focus of the objectives in this study is to apply appropriate technology in the creation of added value products downstream of pumpkin commodities; and designing strategies for sustainability of sustainability strategies for the development of down pumpkin commodity products in the centre of Banyuwangi regency, both in terms of sustainability, facilities and infrastructure, institutions and policies. Data analysis methods include value added analysis and FFA (Force Field Analysis). The results of this study indicate that the processed products produced include dodol and pumpkin sticks. The sustainable strategy for the development of downstream products for the pumpkin commodity is diversification of food consumption will provide incentives and incentives for the provision of food products that are more diverse and safer for consumption, including local flour-based food products.


Introduction
The pumpkins is a part of horticulture group whose utilization is still very limited even though pumpkin [1] has more than 40 varieties.A pumpkin a cultivar of a squash plant, is increasingly popular after plant breeders produce various types of hybrids [2].Abroad, big pumpkin is a prestigious vegetable, even it is often contested by vegetable fans around the world.Pumpkin contain high nutritional value at an affordable price so that it's have the potential to be developed into food products [3].Meanwhile, the level of consumption of pumpkin in Indonesia is still very low, less than 5 kg per capita per year [4].
Banyuwangi Regency is the main center for producing pumpkin commodity [5].Central area communities use pumpkin seeds as a source of income through a partnership with seed-breeding companies [6].The seeds of the pumpkin varieties examined differ in chemical composition and antioxidant activity [7].
In addition, some people supply pumpkin fruit to surrounding companies, but the capacity is limited.Pumpkin fruit that is not supplied to the company is not used and disposed off.As a foodstuff, pumpkin is usually only processed as of compote (kolak), dodol, or simple boiled, even though in fact pumpkin can also be processed into a family food nutrition enhancer.
The agricultural industry experiencing rapid development is the processing industry of agricultural products which aims to produce new products that are more innovative and ready for consumption by the public [3].Potential food resources can be utilized through food diversification as a part of the government's efforts to minimize socio-economic inequality with sustainable food security development program [8].
IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1253/1/012132 2 Food diversification by development of food industry has a big potential impact in improving food security [9].In efforts of pumpkin diversion into functional food, it needs to be processed into various pumpkin-based products.The emergence of pumpkin processing industry can play a role as a processing of local resources.Thus, the application of appropriate technology is needed to create value added downstream products of pumpkin commodities; and to design sustainability strategies for the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity in the central region of Banyuwangi Regency.

Research methods
The location of the study was around the pumpkin producing commodity center in Banyuwangi Regency.The area is a target area that has processed pumpkin commodities into downstream products.The analytical method used was value added analysis [10,11] and Force Field Analysis (FFA) [12] was applied to design a strategy for sustainable development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity.

Diversification process of downstream products of pumpkin comodity
Generally, in the community pumpkin fruit can be processed and used as a vegetable, soup, or desert.Utilization of young pumpkins as vegetables (lodeh, asem-asem, brongkos) [13].The best-known traditional product of pumpkin is kolak (compote) [14].The old ones are used as a mixture in making Manado porridge and spinach in the style of South Sulawesi.After being steamed, it can be made into various traditional foods, such as dawet, lepet, jenang, dodol [15], and others.Diversification other of pumpkins into pumpkin nuggets, pumpkin jelly candies, pumpkin brownies, pumpkin sticks and pumpkin jam [16].
Pumpkin has a yellow or orange color due to its very high carotenoid content.That is why pumpkin juice is often used as a natural dye in the processing of various traditional foods.There are several products demonstrated by partners at the research location.

Pumpkin sticks.
The pumpkin stick recommended by the research team was made from original pumpkin raw material [17].Not using chemicals which are harmful to body health such as food coloring, food preservatives or artificial sweeteners.The pumpkin raw material is selected through the Quality Control stage to get the quality pumpkin sticks from their taste and nutrition.
The simple processes of making pumpkin sticks are as follows: a. Pumpkin fruit is sliced with a size of about 10 cm, steamed, then cooled.b.Steamed fruit slices are mixed with egg yolks, cheese, onion, salt, flavoring until it becomes a dough.c.The mixture is gradually added to the chopper to be used as pasta noodles.d.The dough that comes out through the chopper is cut to size according to taste.e. Pasta noodles that have been cut according to the desired size then do the frying with low heat.f.After turning to yellow and cooked, the sticks are ready to be served.

Pumpkin dodol.
Dodol is a traditional snack that is very familiar on this motherland, it is said that dodol is a snack rooted in a culture in every tribe in Indonesia.Having a sweet taste that is served in various forms, makes this snack often sold in various markets and supermarkets.
Made from sugar which is cooked with high temperature to thick and mixed with other ingredients, making the characteristic of dodol snacks is very dominant in every region in Indonesia.The simple processes of making pumpkin dodol are as follows: a.A pumpkin is cut, then washed thoroughly and steamed until cooked.b.Then it is crushed and mashed using a chopper until smooth, then set aside.c.Grate the coconut, take the thick coconut milk.d.Then simmer with vanilla, sugar, salt, stirred until smooth, e. Add the mashed pumpkin and rice flour, stirr until the mixture becomes thicker and cooked, lifted, and cooled.f.Then wrapped in plastic or oil paper.

Value added products of pumpkin commodity
This pumpkin processing process can increase added value by changing the form of agricultural products into semi-finished goods and finished goods, to increase the selling price of agricultural products [10]nilai.The added value and benefits derived from processed pumpkin products produced by farmers or farmer groups are as follows.
3.2.1.Pumpkin sticks .The added value of pumpkin stick processing is positive.Evidenced by the average added value of pumpkin stick agro-industry which is more than one.The average added value of the pumpkin sticks can be seen in table 1.This is indicated by the average added value of pumpkin stick products of IDR.6.803,74/Kg of raw materials.This means that the income of pumpkin stick entrepreneurs from each kilogram of pumpkin fruit that is processed into pumpkin sticks is IDR.6.803,74.While the profit obtained from each kilogram of pumpkin fruit is equal to the added value minus the labor wage, which is IDR.2.803,74.The added value obtained from the pumpkin sticks still provides benefits after deducting labor costs.
The added value ratio is 42.52%, from this added value ratio it is known that the profit ratio is 41.21% and the remainder is the labor cost ratio of 58.79%.The ratio of benefits from value added is greater than the ratio of labor costs, which means that pumpkin stick products are more concerned with the allocation of company management than the allocation of factor income of labor, namely in the form of added value compared to labor wages.The additional production value obtained from this industrial activity will help manufacturers of pumpkin stick products increase the use value of pumpkin fruit by changing the shape into pumpkin sticks and pay attention to the quality of pumpkin fruit used in the production process so that it will affect the selling value of the production of sticks.summer squash.

Pumpkin dodol.
The added value of pumpkin dodol processing in pumpkin agroindustry is positive.Evidenced by the average added value of the pumpkin agroindustry which is more than one.The average added value of the pumpkin dodol can be seen in Table 2. 47.53This is indicated by the average added value of the pumpkin agroindustry of IDR.13,432.35/Kg of raw materials.This means that the income of pumpkin entrepreneurs from each kilogram of pumpkin processed into pumpkin dodol is IDR.13,432.35.Meanwhile, the profits obtained by pumpkin agroindustry entrepreneurs from each kilogram of pumpkin are equal to the added value minus the labor wage, which is IDR.11,341.45.The added value obtained by the pumpkin agroindustry entrepreneurs still provides benefits after deducting labor costs.The added value ratio is 56.29%, from this added value ratio it is known that the profit ratio is 47.53% and the remainder is the labor cost ratio of 15.57%.The ratio of benefits from value added is greater than the ratio of labor costs, which means that the pumpkin agro-industry is more concerned with the allocation of company management rather than the allocation of income from labor factors, namely in the form of added value compared to labor wages.The additional production value obtained from this industrial activity will help pumpkin agro-industry entrepreneurs increase the use value of pumpkin products by changing the shape into pumpkin dodol and pay attention to the quality of pumpkin raw materials used in the production process so that it will affect the selling value of dodol production summer squash.

Sustainability strategy for developing downstream products of pumpkin commodity
In terms of processed products, starting from raw material of fresh pumpkin can be made into direct processed products and preserved products.Directly processed products consist of dried processed products (for example pumpkin crackers, sticks and pumpkin noodles) and semi-wet processed products (for example dodol, wet noodles and other traditional foods).For preserved products, pumpkin can be used as flour products and their derivatives as raw materials for various cakes.If pumpkin is used as an alternative after other foodstuffs, it means supporting the policy of the availability of food from rice to pumpkin flour.
The development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity, especially from the institutional economic aspects faced several challenges, including: (a) farming activities have produced a variety of food commodities, but have not succeeded in optimally increasing added value due to limited processing, so that the added value of the product is enjoyed by foreign parties; (b) the local food industry is a business field that is able to absorb labor, because it tends to be labor intensive; and (c) products produced from the local food industry are expected to be able to contribute to the export of non-oil and gas processing industries, but are constrained by continuity problems and various product quality.
The results of identification of the supporting and inhibiting factors for the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity of are as follows.The supporting factors include: H1.Availability of raw materials H2.The nutritional content of downstream products of pumpkin, the price of imported flour tends to increase.H3.Flour products made from pumpkin are suitable as substitutes for imported flour.H4.Pumpkin commodities can be processed into various food products.H5.Downstream products of pumpkin create added value.H6.Local food industry absorbs labor.H7.The local food industry has an impact on the welfare of farmers.H8.Public awareness about balanced food consumption H9.The development of supermarkets H10.The local food industry supports food diversification policies.
The inhibiting factors include: D1.Climate change affects the production of yellow pumpkin commodities.D2.Variance quality of industrial raw materials D3.Not guaranteed continuity of pumpkin because it is seasonal.D4.People's high dependence on imported flour products.D5.Slow diversification of non-rice food processing D6.The use of pumpkin flour products has not been well socialized.D7.The application of local food industry technology is relatively simple.D8.Limited exploitation of downstream pumpkin commodities D9.The upstream-downstream sector has not been integrated.D10.Limited Infrastructure D11.Limited access to financial institutions D12.The institution is not optimal yet at the level of the downstream pumpkin commodity producer.

D13.Stakeholder contribution to downstream commodity products of pumpkin is relatively low
The supporting factors in the development of downstream product of pumpkin can be defined as strengths (Strengths) and opportunities (opportunities).These factors will later be determined to be the key strengths of success in the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity in East Java Province based on expert opinion.
There are certainly strengths and weaknesses that must be minimized to maximize that power.Inhibiting factors to the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity can be defined as weaknesses (Weaknesses) and threats (treaths).These inhibiting factors will later be determined as a key inhibitor that must be minimized in order to achieve the goal of developing downstream pumpkin commodities in East Java Province.
The identification continued the assessment of the supporting factors and inhibiting factors in the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity will produce values that can be used in formulating strategies.The assessment carried out in the FFA analysis process is a qualitative assessment quantified with a 1-5 value scale.The assessment is through a brainstorming process from experts.The results of the assessment are then included in the evaluation table of the supporting factors and inhibiting factors.
Based on the results of the FFA analysis on the assessment of supporting factors and inhibiting factors as in the evaluation table of the supporting factor and the inhibiting factor evaluation table, it can be seen the value of the total weight value (TNB) of each factor.Based on the TNB value, it can be determined the Success Key Factor (FKK) on the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity by looking at the biggest value of TNB.FKK here is divided into two, namely supporting FKK and inhibiting FKK.The strength fields of downstream products of pumpkin commodity development can be seen in Figure 1.In Figure 3, it can be seen the direction and value of each supporting factors as well as the inhibiting factors to the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity.The length of the arrow reveals the amount of TNB from each factor while the direction of the arrow is a tug between the inhibiting factor and the supporting factor.The total value of the TNB booster was 6.95 while the total value of the TNB barrier was 6.90.Supporting TNB is greater than inhibiting TNB.This means that the downstream product of pumpkin in East Java has the potential to be developed because it has comparative advantages.However, it is necessary to design a strategy pattern to optimize the comparative advantage, to be able to meet the food sufficiency produced by the community by utilizing resources, institution and culture, while contributing economic value to IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1253/1/0121326 farmers as producers of raw materials and processed industry player/entrepreneurs and contributing to the regional economy.
Furthermore, after it is known the direction of development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity formulates a strategy that is in accordance with the results of FKK.This strategy is the right way to achieve the stated goals.With the appropriate strategy, the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity will also be on target.Based on the results of the FFA analysis, the most effective strategy is to eliminate or minimize the key barriers and optimize the key drivers towards the goals to be achieved.This approach is a focus strategy approach.
The strategy of focusing on the results of the FFA analysis can be formulated that the key strengths or drivers that have been selected are focused on the stated objectives, namely for the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity.Supporting FKK, namely factor D5 (commodity of pumpkin can be processed into various food products) with an urgency value of 0.84.inhibiting FKK to the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity, namely the H5 factor (the variety of local food processing runs slowly) with an urgency factor of 0.85.
Thus, according to experts, the important thing to become the driving potential in the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity is the development of added value creativity that involves the government, business, local communities, organizations, and local institutions to develop community-owned industrial areas.

Figure 1 .
Figure 1.Strength fields of downstream products of pumpkin commodity development.
Downstream products produced and practiced are (a) pumpkin flour; (b) wet and dry noodles; (c) pumpkin sticks; and (d) pumpkin dodol.The sustainability strategy for the development of downstream products of pumpkin commodity is the development of added value creativity that involves the government, business, local communities, organizations, and local institutions to develop community-owned industrial areas.

Table 1 .
The average added value of the pumpkin sticks

Table 2 .
The average added value of the pumpkin dodol